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Ninohe, Iwate

2025-05-23T02:57:27Z

112.208.184.14:

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Ninohe
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|二戸市}}}}
| official_name =
| native_name_lang = ja
| settlement_type = [[Cities of Japan|City]]

| image_skyline = NinoheCityOffice.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Ninohe City Hall
| image_flag = File:Flag of Ninohe, Iwate.svg
| flag_alt =
| image_seal = Emblem of Ninohe, Iwate.svg
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| image_blank_emblem =
| nickname =
| motto =

| image_map = Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Ninohe in Iwate Prefecture
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =  
| coordinates = {{coord|40|16|16.5|N|141|18|17.2|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 

| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Japan]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tōhoku region|Tōhoku]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Iwate Prefecture|Iwate]]
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =

| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =

| seat_type = 
| seat =

| government_footnotes = 
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 = 

| total_type = 
| unit_pref = 

| area_magnitude = 
| area_footnotes = 
| area_total_km2 = 420.42
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_note =

| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m =

| population_footnotes = 
| population_total = 26344
| population_as_of = March 31, 2020
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_demonym = 
| population_note =

| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time]]
| utc_offset1 = +9
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =

| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = 
| area_code =

| blank_name_sec1 = Phone number
| blank_info_sec1 = 0195-23-3111
| blank1_name_sec1 = Address
| blank1_info_sec1 = 47 Fukuoka Kawamata, Ninohe-shi, Iwate-ken 028-6192

| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid continental climate|Dfa]]

| website = {{Official|http://www.city.ninohe.lg.jp/}}
| footnotes =
| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| tree = ''[[Toxicodendron vernicifluum|Urushi]]''
| flower = ''[[Prunus serrulata|Yamazakura]]''
| bird = [[Green pheasant]]
| flowering_tree =
| butterfly =
| fish =
| other_symbols =
}}
}}
[[File:Ninohe-city.jpg|thumb|270px|right|Skyline of Ninohe]]

{{Nihongo|'''Ninohe'''|二戸市|Ninohe-shi}} is a [[Cities of Japan|city]] located in [[Iwate Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2020|03|31}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 26,344, and a [[population density]] of 63 persons per km<sup>2</sup> in 11,803 households.<ref>[https://www.city.ninohe.lg.jp/ City of Ninohe official statistics]</ref> The total area of the city is {{convert|420.42|sqkm|sqmi}}.

==Geography==
Ninohe is located in far north-center Iwate Prefecture, bordered by [[Aomori Prefecture]] to the north. The northern end of the [[Kitakami Mountains]], the 852.2 meter Mount Oritsume is in Ninohe. Approximately 70% of the city area is mountainous and forested. The upper reaches of the [[Mabechi River]] flows through the city. A portion of the city is within the borders of the [[Oritsume Basenkyō Prefectural Natural Park]].

===Neighboring municipalities===
Aomori Prefecture
*[[Nanbu, Aomori|Nanbu]]
*[[Sannohe, Aomori|Sannohe]]
*[[Takko, Aomori|Takko]]
Iwate Prefecture
*[[Hachimantai, Iwate|Hachimantai]]
*[[Ichinohe, Iwate|Ichinohe]]
*[[Karumai, Iwate|Karumai]]
*[[Kunohe, Iwate|Kunohe]]

===Climate===
Ninohe has a [[humid continental climate]] (Köppen ''Dfb'') characterized by mild summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Ninohe is 9.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1248 mm with September as the wettest month and February as the driest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around -2.4 °C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/location/5526/ Ninohe climate data]</ref>
{{Weather box
|collapsed = Y
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|location = Ninohe, Iwate (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present)
|Jan high C = 1.7
|Feb high C = 2.7
|Mar high C = 7.1
|Apr high C = 14.2
|May high C = 20.3
|Jun high C = 23.6
|Jul high C = 26.6
|Aug high C = 27.7
|Sep high C = 23.9
|Oct high C = 17.8
|Nov high C = 11.1
|Dec high C = 4.3
|Jan mean C = -2.3
|Feb mean C = -1.6
|Mar mean C = 2.0
|Apr mean C = 8.1
|May mean C = 13.9
|Jun mean C = 17.7
|Jul mean C = 21.5
|Aug mean C = 22.5
|Sep mean C = 18.4
|Oct mean C = 11.7
|Nov mean C = 5.7
|Dec mean C = 0.2
|Jan low C = -6.6
|Feb low C = -6.4
|Mar low C = -3.1
|Apr low C = 1.8
|May low C = 7.7
|Jun low C = 12.6
|Jul low C = 17.4
|Aug low C = 18.3
|Sep low C = 13.8
|Oct low C = 6.4
|Nov low C = 0.6
|Dec low C = -3.8
|Jan record high C = 14.4
|Feb record high C = 16.0
|Mar record high C = 21.2
|Apr record high C = 30.5
|May record high C = 33.8
|Jun record high C = 34.5
|Jul record high C = 35.5
|Aug record high C = 35.8
|Sep record high C = 34.0
|Oct record high C = 28.1
|Nov record high C = 23.2
|Dec record high C = 18.7
|year record high C= 35.8
|Jan record low C = -17.0
|Feb record low C = -18.2
|Mar record low C = -15.9
|Apr record low C = -8.4
|May record low C = -1.6
|Jun record low C = 2.3
|Jul record low C = 8.3
|Aug record low C = 8.6
|Sep record low C = 1.2
|Oct record low C = -2.2
|Nov record low C = -9.5
|Dec record low C = -14.8
|year record low C= -18.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 39.8
|Feb precipitation mm = 39.4
|Mar precipitation mm = 52.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 55.3
|May precipitation mm = 74.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 87.0
|Jul precipitation mm = 159.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 154.0
|Sep precipitation mm = 144.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 104.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 64.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 59.7
|year precipitation mm= 1033.9
|Jan rain days = 9.3
|Feb rain days = 9.2
|Mar rain days = 10.1
|Apr rain days = 10.0
|May rain days = 9.8
|Jun rain days = 9.5
|Jul rain days = 11.5
|Aug rain days = 11.2
|Sep rain days = 11.2
|Oct rain days = 10.3
|Nov rain days = 11.3
|Dec rain days = 10.8
|Jan snow cm = 93
|Feb snow cm = 93
|Mar snow cm = 41
|Apr snow cm = 1
|May snow cm = 0
|Jun snow cm = 0
|Jul snow cm = 0
|Aug snow cm = 0
|Sep snow cm = 0
|Oct snow cm = 0
|Nov snow cm = 1
|Dec snow cm = 49
|year snow cm= 280
|Jan snow days = 12.0
|Feb snow days = 11.9
|Mar snow days = 4.5
|Apr snow days = 0.1
|May snow days = 0
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 0
|Nov snow days = 0.1
|Dec snow days = 5.7
|Jan sun = 98.9
|Feb sun = 111.4
|Mar sun = 156.8
|Apr sun = 181.8
|May sun = 198.8
|Jun sun = 173.1
|Jul sun = 143.5
|Aug sun = 160.6
|Sep sun = 146.2
|Oct sun = 148.2
|Nov sun = 117.6
|Dec sun = 96.5
|year sun= 1733.4
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=33&block_no=0207&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = February 19, 2022}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=33&block_no=0207&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = February 19, 2022}}</ref>}}

==Demographics==
Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/Japan-Iwate.html Ninohe population statistics]</ref> the population of Ninohe peaked around the year 1960 and has steadily declined over the past 60 years.
{{Historical populations
| 1920 | 27,217
| 1930 | 30,054
| 1940 | 33,415
| 1950 | 40,573
| 1960 | 40,644
| 1970 | 38,289
| 1980 | 37,537
| 1990 | 35,017
| 2000 | 33,102
| 2010 | 29,818
| 2020 | 25,513
|align = none
| footnote =
}}

==History==
The area of present-day Ninohe was part of ancient [[Mutsu Province]], and has been settled since at least the [[Jōmon period]]. Many Jōmon and [[Kofun period]] remains have been found. Inhabited by the [[Emishi]] tribes, the ''[[Nihon Shoki]]'' describes the penetration of the area by forces of the [[Imperial House of Japan|imperial dynasty]] in the late [[Nara period]]; however, it was not under effective control of the central government until the mid-[[Heian period]]. The area was dominated by the [[Nanbu clan]] from the early [[Muromachi period]], and was named for one of the nine numbered stockades, or fortified ranches, that established to secure this frontier area. During the [[Edo period]], the area was under the control of [[Morioka Domain]].

In the early [[Meiji period]], the town of Fukuoka and the villages of Jōbōji, Kindaichi, Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai were established within Ninohe District on April 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. Jōbōji was elevated to town status on December 25, 1940. Gohenchi, Tomai, Ishikiridokoro, and Nisattai merged with Fukuoka on March 10, 1955. The modern city was founded on April 1, 1972, with the merger of the town of Fukuoka with the village of Kindaichi. On January 1, 2006, the city of Ninohe annexed the town of Jōbōji.

==Government==
Ninohe has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 18 members.　Ninohe, and the town of [[Ichinohe, Iwate|Ichinohe]] contribute two seats to the Iwate Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the city is part of [[Iwate 2nd district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].

==Economy==
The local economy of Ninohe is based on agriculture and food processing. Local produce include apples, dairy products and hops.

==Education==
Ninohe has eight public elementary schools and four middle schools operated by the city government, and two public high schools operated by the Iwate Prefectural Board of Education. There is also a prefectural vocational school, and a special education school for the handicapped operated by the prefectural government.

==Transportation==
===Railway===
[[File:JR logo (east).svg|22px]] [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) - [[Tōhoku Shinkansen]]
*{{STN|Ninohe|x}}
[[File:Igrail.svg|20px]] [[Iwate Ginga Railway Line]]
*{{STN|Ninohe|x}} - {{STN|Tomai|x}} - {{STN|Kintaichi-Onsen|x}}

===Highway===
* {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E4A|dab1=H}} – Jōbōji IC
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|4}}
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|395}}

==Local attractions==
* [[Basenkyo]] ravine on the [[Mabechi River]], a National Place of Scenic Beauty.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/192722 |title=男神岩・女神岩・鳥越山 |publisher=[[Agency for Cultural Affairs]] |access-date=10 April 2020}}</ref>
* [[Kindaichi Onsen]], a popular [[onsen|hot spring resort]]
* Site of [[Kunohe Castle]], a [[Historic Sites of Japan|National Historic Site]]<ref name= "Bunka">{{cite web|url=https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/171335|title=九戸城跡くのへじょうあと|work=Cultural Heritage Online|publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs|language=ja|access-date=25 December 2016}}</ref>
* Tendai-ji temple, founded in the Nara period

==Noted people from Ninohe==
*[[Tanakadate Aikitsu]], scientist <ref name=noiibio>[http://www.noii.jp/com/aikitu/english.html Dr. Aikitu Tanakadate: World-Renowned Geophysicist and Seismologist] by Satio Tanno (President, Aikitu Tanakadate Society). August 31, 1995</ref>

==In popular media==
In [[Bullet Train Explosion]], Ninohe City has been briefly mentioned.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*[http://www.city.ninohe.lg.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}}

{{Iwate}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Ninohe, Iwate| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Iwate Prefecture]]

Rifu

2025-05-23T02:51:24Z

112.208.184.14:

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Rifu
| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|利府町}}}}
| official_name =
| native_name_lang = ja
| settlement_type = [[Towns of Japan|Town]]

| image_skyline = Rifu montage.JPG
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = 1=Aeon Rifu, 2=Miyagi Athletic Park Gymnasium, Kaseinuma Park, 3=Shinkansen Maintenance Center, Rifu Station, 4=[[Miyagi Stadium]]
| image_flag = Flag of Rifu, Miyagi.svg
| flag_alt =
| image_seal = Emblem of Rifu, Miyagi.svg
| seal_alt =
| image_shield =
| shield_alt =
| image_blank_emblem =
| nickname =
| motto =

| image_map = Rifu in Miyagi Prefecture Ja.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Rifu in Miyagi Prefecture
| pushpin_map = Japan
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =  
| coordinates = {{coord|38|19|58.3|N|140|58|37.8|E|region:JP|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint = 
| coordinates_footnotes = 

| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Japan]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tōhoku region|Tōhoku]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Miyagi Prefecture|Miyagi]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Japan|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Miyagi District, Miyagi|Miyagi]]

| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =

| seat_type = 
| seat =

| government_footnotes = 
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 = 

| total_type = 
| unit_pref = 

| area_magnitude = 
| area_footnotes = 
| area_total_km2 = 44.89
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_note =

| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m =

| population_footnotes = 
| population_total = 36014
| population_as_of = June 1, 2020
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_est =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_demonym = 
| population_note =

| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time]]
| utc_offset1 = +9
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =

| postal_code_type =
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = 
| area_code =

| blank_name_sec1 = City Symbols
| blank1_name_sec1 = - Tree
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Live oak]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = - Flower
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Pyrus pyrifolia|Nashi pear]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = - Bird
| blank3_info_sec1 =
| blank4_name_sec1 = - Insect
| blank4_info_sec1 =
| blank5_name_sec1 = - Fish
| blank5_info_sec1 =
| blank6_name_sec1 =
| blank6_info_sec1 =
| blank7_name_sec1 =
| blank7_info_sec1 =

| blank_name_sec2 = Phone number
| blank_info_sec2 = 022-767-2111
| blank1_name_sec2 = Address
| blank1_info_sec2 = Rifu Shinnamimatsu 4, Rifu-chō, Miyagi-gun, Miyagi-ken 981-0112

| website = {{Official|1=http://www.town.rifu.miyagi.jp/ }}
| footnotes =
}}
[[File:Rifu Town Office & Rifu townspeople Exchange Center.JPG|right|250px|thumb|Rifu town hall]]

{{Nihongo| '''Rifu'''|利府町|Rifu-chō}} is a [[towns of Japan|town]] located in [[Miyagi Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. {{As of|2020|06|01}}, the town had an estimated [[population]] of 36,014, and a [[population density]] of 800 persons per km<sup>2</sup> in 13,568 households.<ref>[http://www.town.rifu.miyagi.jp/www/contents/1239941675811/index.html Rifu Town official statistics]{{in lang|ja}}</ref> The total area of the town is {{convert|44.89|km²|sqmi}}. Rifu is known for its [[nashi pear]]s. Recently, wine and candy made from nashi pears have been developed in the town.

==Geography==
Rifu is located in east-central Miyagi Prefecture, bordered by Sendai metropolis to the south and by [[Matsushima Bay]] to the east.

===Neighboring municipalities===
Miyagi Prefecture
*[[Matsushima, Miyagi|Matsushima]]
*[[Ōsato, Miyagi|Ōsato]]
*[[Sendai]]
*[[Shiogama]]
*[[Tagajō]]
*[[Taiwa, Miyagi|Taiwa]]
*[[Tomiya, Miyagi|Tomiya]]

===Climate===
Rifu has a [[humid subtropical climate|humid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfa'') characterized by mild summers and cold winters. The average annual temperature in Rifu is 11.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1237 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 24.4 °C, and lowest in January, at around 0.6 °C.<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/location/50914/ Rifu climate data]</ref>

===Demographics===
Per Japanese census data,<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-miyagi.php Rifu population statistics]</ref> the population of Rifu has increased rapidly over the past 50 years.

{{Historical populations
| 1920 | 4,718
| 1930 | 5,211
| 1940 | 5,598
| 1950 | 7,764
| 1960 | 7,927
| 1970 | 8,031
| 1980 | 11,201
| 1990 | 16,321
| 2000 | 29,848
| 2010 | 33,944
| 2020 | 35,182
|align = none
| footnote =
}}

==History==
The area of present-day Rifu was part of ancient [[Mutsu Province]], and has been settled since at least the [[Jōmon period]] by the [[Emishi]] people. With the establishment of [[Taga Castle|Tagajō]] in the [[Nara period]], Rifu was part of the central [[Yamato people|Yamato colonization]] area in the region. During the [[Sengoku period]], the area was contested by various [[samurai]] clans before the area came under the control of the [[Date clan]] of [[Sendai Domain]] during the [[Edo period]], under the [[Tokugawa shogunate]].

The village of Rifu was established on June 1, 1889 with post-[[Meiji restoration]] establishment of the modern municipalities system. It was raised to town status on October 1, 1967.

==Government==
Rifu has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] town council of 18 members. Rifu, together with the rest of Miyagi District collectively contributes one seat to the Miyagi Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the town is part of [[Miyagi 4th district]] of the [[House of Representatives of Japan|lower house]] of the [[Diet of Japan]].

==Economy==
The economy of Rifu is largely based on agriculture, primarily horticulture and the cultivation of rice. [[East Japan Railway Company]]'s Sendai [[Tōhoku Shinkansen|Shinkansen]] maintenance depot is located in Rifu.

==Education==
Rifu has six public elementary schools and three public junior high schools operated by the town government. The town has one public high school operated by the Miyagi Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates one special education school for the handicapped.

==Transportation==
===Railway===
[[File:JR logo (east).svg|22px]] [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) - [[Senseki Line]]
* {{STN|Rikuzen-Hamada|x}}
[[File:JR logo (east).svg|22px]] [[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) - [[Tōhoku Main Line]]
* {{STN|Shin-Rifu|x}} – {{STN|Rifu|x}}

===Highway===
* [[File:JP Expressway E6.svg|27px|link=|alt=]] {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E45|dab1=S}} – Rifu-Shiogama, Rifu-Naka, Matsushima-Kaigan interchanges; Rifu Junction
* {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E6|dab1=SH}} – Rifu Junction, Rifu-Shirakashidai Interchange
* {{jct|country=JPN|Route|45}}

==Local attractions==
*[[Miyagi Stadium]]
*Site of Rifu Castle

==Sister cities==
*{{flagicon|France}} [[Lifou Island]], [[New Caledonia]], France,<ref name=International>{{cite web|url=http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=04&n=Miyagi%20Prefecture|title=International Exchange|work=List of Affiliation Partners within Prefectures|publisher=Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR)|access-date=21 November 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222094031/http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=04&n=Miyagi%20Prefecture|archive-date=22 December 2015}}</ref> since September 4, 1980.

==Noted people from Rifu ==
*[[Tsukasa Fujimoto]], professional wrestler and actress
*[[Hisashi Kato]], professional soccer player

==In popular media==
In the film [[Bullet Train Explosion]], [[East Japan Railway Company]]'s Sendai [[Tōhoku Shinkansen|Shinkansen]] maintenance depot has been featured.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[http://www.town.rifu.miyagi.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}}

{{Miyagi}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Towns in Miyagi Prefecture]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Japan]]
[[Category:Rifu, Miyagi]]