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Shooting guard

2025-09-16T16:18:47Z

128.6.147.37:

{{short description|Basketball position}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2018}}
{{Multiple image
|total_width = 320px
| image1 = Jordan by Lipofsky 16577.jpg
|caption1 = [[Michael Jordan]] is regarded as the greatest shooting guard in the history of the [[National Basketball Association]] (NBA).

|image2=Taurasi finale 7977555112 8c929ae012 o.jpg
|caption2=[[Diana Taurasi]] (right) is regarded as a top shooting guard in the history of the [[Women's National Basketball Association]] (WNBA).
}}

The '''shooting guard''' ('''SG'''), also known as the '''two''', '''two guard''' or '''off guard''',<ref name="BBC Sport">Shooting guards are 6'4"–6'8". [https://news.bbc.co.uk/sportacademy/hi/sa/basketball/rules/players/newsid_3954000/3954583.stm BBC Sports academy]. URL last accessed 2006-09-09.</ref> is one of the five traditional [[basketball positions|positions]] in a regulation [[basketball]] game.

A shooting guard's main objective is to score points for their team and steal the ball on defense.<ref name="BBC Sport" /> Shooting guards typically play the "wing" of the court and are generally expected to play better in isolation than other positions. Some shooting guards are tasked with being a "spot up" shooter, in which they are assigned to catch and shoot the ball, either on an open shot or in transition. They are also expected to have skills driving to the basket or creating separation on an isolation defender.

Some teams ask their shooting guards to [[Inbound pass|inbound]] the ball and bring it up the court; these players are known colloquially as [[tweener (basketball)|combo guards]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Greg Haefner|url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/70284-nba-analysis-the-rise-of-the-hybrid-player|title=NBA Analysis: The Rise of the "Hybrid" Player|publisher=[[Bleacher Report]]|date=October 18, 2008|access-date=May 13, 2020}}</ref> A player who can switch between playing shooting guard and [[small forward]] is known as a [[swingman]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rookieroad.com/basketball/player-positions/swingman/|title=Basketball Swingman|website=Rookie Road|access-date=May 13, 2020}}</ref> In the [[NBA]], shooting guards usually range from {{cvt|6|ft|4|in}} to {{cvt|6|ft|6|in}} while in the [[WNBA]], shooting guards tend to be between {{cvt|5|ft|10|in}} and {{cvt|6|ft|1|in}}.

== Characteristics and styles of play ==
[[File:Treino da seleção de basquete dos Estados Unidos (28740287416).jpg|left|thumb|345x345px|NBA shooting guard [[Klay Thompson]] is known for his ability as a "spot up" shooter. During his tenure with the [[Golden State Warriors]], plays were often drawn to get Thompson open on a "catch and shoot" [[Three-point field goal|three-point shot]].]]
''The Basketball Handbook'' by [[Lee Rose (basketball)|Lee Rose]] describes a shooting guard as a player whose primary role is to score points. As the name suggests, most shooting guards are good long-range shooters, typically averaging 35–40 percent from [[Three-point field goal|three-point range]]. Many shooting guards are also strong and athletic, and have the ability to get [[Key (basketball)|inside the paint]] and drive to the basket.

Typically, shooting guards are taller than [[Point guard|point guards]]. Height at the position varies; many bigger shooting guards also play [[small forward]]. Shooting guards should be good ball handlers and be able to pass reasonably well, though passing is not their main priority. Since good shooting guards may attract double-teams, they are frequently the team's back-up ball handlers to the [[point guard]] and typically get a fair number of [[Assist (basketball)|assists]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nba.com/canada/Basketball_U_Players_and_Posi-Canada_Generic_Article-18037.html|title= Players and Positions|website=NBA.com |date=Oct 8, 2003 |access-date=3 February 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180319214929/http://www.nba.com/canada/Basketball_U_Players_and_Posi-Canada_Generic_Article-18037.html |archive-date= Mar 19, 2018 }}</ref>

Shooting guards must be able to score in various ways, especially late in a close game when defenses are tighter. They need to have a good [[free throw]] percentage too, to be reliable in close games and to discourage opposing players from fouling. Because of the high level of offensive skills shooting guards need, they are often a team's primary scoring option, and sometimes the offense is built around them.

In the NBA, there are some shooting guards referred to as "3 and D" players. The term 3 and D implies that the player is a good 3 point shooter who can also play effective defense. The 3 and D player has become very important as the game sways to be perimeter oriented.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nba/2014/11/26/three-and-d-specialists-kyle-korver-garrett-temple-martell-webster-willie-green-the-next-bruce-bowen/70123886/|title='3-and-D': The specialist's path to a long NBA career|website=USA Today |first1=Adi |last1=Joseph |date=Nov 26, 2014 |access-date=3 February 2018}}</ref>

Good shooting guards can often play point guard to a certain extent. It is usually accepted that point guards should have the ball in their hands at most times in the game, but sometimes the shooting guard has a significant enough influence on the team where they handle the ball extremely often, to the point where the point guard may be reduced to a backup ball handler or a spot-up shooter, a player who "spots-up" for catch-and-shoot shots to provide spacing for the offense. Notable shooting guards include [[Michael Jordan]], [[Kobe Bryant]], [[Dwyane Wade]], [[Manu Ginobili]], [[James Harden]], [[Klay Thompson]], [[Tracy McGrady]], [[Joe Dumars]], [[Clyde Drexler]], [[Jerry West]], [[Sam Jones (basketball, born 1933)|Sam Jones]], [[Donovan Mitchell]], [[Allen Iverson]], and [[Anthony Edwards (basketball)|Anthony Edwards]] in the NBA and [[Diana Taurasi]], [[Chelsea Gray]], [[Jewell Loyd]], [[Seimone Augustus]], [[Cynthia Cooper-Dyke|Cynthia Cooper]], and [[Cappie Pondexter]] in the WNBA.

== Skills and qualities ==
It is important for a shooting guard to develop skills in defense, passing and strength in addition to shooting ability. This position displays the most movement offensively when trying to get an open shot, along with keeping things under control on the defensive end.

Understanding that this position is shaped around the shooting ability of the athlete, many external abilities implemented into the player will overall help construct the potential the athlete possesses. External abilities would consist of strong ball handling, a sharp mind, and the development of a high basketball intelligence.

Shooting guards are often used as the secondary ball handler to help eliminate pressure of the 1 guard.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Nakano |first1=Nobuyasu |last2=Fukashiro |first2=Senshi |last3=Yoshioka |first3=Shinsuke |date=2018-07-12 |title=The effect of increased shooting distance on energy flow in basketball jump shot |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2018.1480728 |journal=Sports Biomechanics |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=366–381 |doi=10.1080/14763141.2018.1480728 |pmid=30001184 |s2cid=51623814 |issn=1476-3141|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==Citations==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
*''The Basketball Handbook'' (pg 14/15) (2004). Lee H. Rose {{ISBN|0-7360-4906-1}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Shooting guards}}
{{Basketball Positions}}

[[Category:Basketball positions]]
[[Category:Shooting guards| ]]
[[Category:Basketball terminology]]

Point guard

2025-09-16T16:13:23Z

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{{Short description|Basketball position}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}
[[File:Magic Johnson Steve Lipofsky.jpg|thumb|291x291px|[[Magic Johnson]], regarded as one of the greatest point guards in [[NBA]] history, in 1987]]
The '''point guard''' ('''PG'''), also called the '''one''' or the '''point''', is one of the [[Basketball positions|five positions]] in a regulation [[basketball]] game.

A point guard has perhaps the most specialized role of any position and is usually the shortest player on the court, albeit this may not always be the case. Point guards are expected to control the pace of the game. They effectively "run" the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time. Generally, point guards are expected to be proficient in both passing and dribbling the ball, in order to facilitate ball movement. In a [[pick and roll]] offense, the point guard typically moves off screens to facilitate the ball to a [[Power forward|big]], in most cases the power forward or the center. Likewise, point guards can also shoot off screens if given separation. In transition, the point guard must be able to pass and handle the ball without committing excessive turnovers. Defensively, the point guard is generally responsible for guarding above the [[Key (basketball)|key]] on the perimeter.

Above all, the point guard must understand and accept their coach's game plan; in this way, the position can be compared to the position of [[quarterback]] in [[gridiron football]]. They must also be able to adapt to what the defense is allowing and must control the pace of the game.

== Overview ==
A point guard specializes in certain skills, like other player positions in basketball. Their primary job is to facilitate scoring opportunities for their team, or sometimes for themselves. [[Lee Rose (basketball)|Lee Rose]] has described a point guard as a coach on the floor, who can handle and distribute the ball to teammates. This typically involves setting up plays on the court, getting the ball to the teammate in the best position to score and controlling the tempo of the game. Generally, a point guard should always look out for teammates and have the ability to pass well. A point guard should know when and how to instigate a [[fast break]] and initiate the more deliberate sets. Point guards are expected to be vocal floor leaders, with situational awareness of the [[shot clock]] and game clock times, the score, the number of remaining timeouts for both teams and more.

== Examples ==
[[File:Bird-20180912.jpg|alt=Point guard Sue Bird in yellow Seattle Storm uniform, number 10|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Sue Bird]], one of only two basketball players in history to earn five Olympic gold medals, in 2018]]

[[Magic Johnson]] won the [[National Basketball Association Most Valuable Player Award]] (MVP) three times in his career, the most for a point guard in NBA history. [[Stephen Curry]] and [[Steve Nash]] have each been named the league MVP twice. Other NBA point guards with wins include [[Bob Cousy]], [[Oscar Robertson]], [[Allen Iverson]], [[Derrick Rose]], and [[Russell Westbrook]]. Since 1969, Johnson and Curry are the only point guards to win the NBA MVP, [[NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award|Finals MVP]] and [[NBA All-Star Game Kobe Bryant Most Valuable Player Award|All-Star Game MVP]] awards in their careers. Notable point guards of the [[WNBA]] include five-time champion [[Sue Bird]], her Olympic teammate [[Diana Taurasi]] (the only two basketball players of either gender to earn five Olympic gold medals for basketball<ref>{{Cite web|date=August 8, 2021|title=The Olympic history of UConn's Sue Bird and Diana Taurasi|url=https://www.ctpost.com/projects/2021/visuals/sue-bird-diana-taurasi-uconn-olympics/|archive-date=August 7, 2021|access-date=August 8, 2021|website=CT Post|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807021208/https://www.ctpost.com/projects/2021/visuals/sue-bird-diana-taurasi-uconn-olympics/|url-status=dead}}</ref>) and [[Courtney Vandersloot]]. In the [[NBA]], point guards generally range from {{height|ft=6|in=2}} to {{height|ft=6|in=6}} whereas in the WNBA, point guards are usually {{height|ft=5|in=9}} or shorter. Having above-average size (height, muscle) is considered advantageous, although size is secondary to situational awareness, speed, quickness and ball-handling skills. At {{height|ft=5|in=3}} the shortest player in NBA history, [[Muggsy Bogues]] played 889 games in a 14-year career as a point guard.

After the opponent scores, it is typically the point guard who brings the ball down the court to begin an offensive play. Passing skills, ball handling and court vision are crucial. Speed is important; a speedy point guard is better able to create separation and space off the dribble, giving themselves room to work. Point guards are often valued more for their [[Assist (basketball)|assist]] totals than for their scoring. [[John Stockton]] holds the all time NBA record for assists. Another major evaluation factor is the assist-to-[[Turnover (basketball)|turnover]] ratio, which reflects the decision-making skills of the player. Given the evolved nature of basketball in the modern day, a first-rate point guard is also required to have a reasonably effective [[Jump shot (basketball)|jump shot]].

== Offense ==
[[File:Stephen Curry close up.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Stephen Curry]], regarded as one of the greatest point guards and the greatest [[Jump shot (basketball)|shooter]] in [[NBA]] history, in 2014|left]]The point guard is positioned on the perimeter of the play to have the best view of the action, which is crucial because of their leadership obligations. Announcers often refer to the point guard as a "coach on the floor" or a "floor general." These nicknames were particularly true in the past, as several point guards, such as [[Lenny Wilkens]], served their teams as player-coaches. This practice is rare now, as most coaches specialize in their role. Some point guards have great leeway in the offense though they are still extensions of their coach on the floor and must display good leadership skills.

Along with leadership and general basketball acumen, ball-handling is an important skill for a point guard. Generally speaking, the point guard is often the player in possession of the ball and is responsible for maintaining its possession. Point guards must be able to maintain possession of the ball in crowded spaces and be able to advance it quickly. A point guard with enough ball-handling skill and quickness to drive to the basket in a half-court set is also very valuable and considered by some to be a must for a successful offense.

After ball-handling, the most important areas of the game for a point guard are passing and scoring. As the primary decision-maker for a team, a point guard's passing ability determines how well a point guard can put their decision into play. It is one thing to be able to recognize the player that is in a tactically advantageous position. Still, it is another thing entirely to be able to deliver the ball to that player. For this reason, a point guard is usually, but not always, more skilled and focused on passing than shooting. However, a good jump shot and the ability to score off a drive to the basket are still valuable skills. Point guards often use their scoring ability to augment their effectiveness as decision-makers and playmakers.

In addition to the traditional role of the point guard, modern teams have found new ways to utilize the position. Notably, several modern point guards have used a successful style of post-play, a tactic usually practiced by much larger centers and forwards. Exploiting the fact that the opposing point guard is often an undersized player with limited strength, several modern point guards have developed games close to the basket that include being able to utilize the drop step, spin move and fade-away jump shot.

In recent years, the sport's shift from a fundamental style of play to a more athletic, scoring-oriented game resulted in the proliferation of so-called [[combo guard]]s at the point guard position. More explosive and athletic point guards focus on scoring instead of play-making, forgoing assists, ball movement and often defense for higher scoring numbers. Young players who are relatively short are now developing the scoring aspects of their skill sets, whereas previously, these players would find it difficult to enter the NBA without true point guard skills. These combo point guards can surprise defenses. Instead of passing after bringing up the ball, they quickly drive to the basket or step back for an outside shot. There are some disadvantages to this style of play. A point guard often controls the offense and who gets the ball, as this type of controlling style of play is necessary to maintain the tempo of a game. Scoring point guards typically look to score first, thus preventing teammates from getting the ball and excluding them from the offense. Even so, combo guards still require above-average passing skills, but not as much as "pure" point guards (in the traditional sense).

==Defense==
[[File:Kirk Hinrich with ball.jpg|thumb|[[Kirk Hinrich]], a former NBA point guard, was known for his lateral quickness and defensive prowess against the [[pick and roll]]. His no. 10 jersey is retired by the [[Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball|Kansas Jayhawks]].]]
A defensive point guard is someone who is exceptionally good at defense; their goal is to preclude the opposing point guard from scoring. A defensive point guard will try to accomplish this with constant pressure on the ball, making it difficult to maintain possession by forcing turnovers. A defensive point guard will also pressure opponents in passing lanes to generate steals and scoring opportunities for their team. One of the most notable defensive point guards in NBA history is [[Kirk Hinrich]], whose lateral quickness and defensive prowess against the pick and roll became a valuable team asset. The [[Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball|Kansas Jayhawks]]' 2002 and 2003 [[Final Four (college basketball)|Final Four]] appearances in the [[NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|NCAA Division I tournament]] is partly credited to Hinrich's defensive skill set. Hinrich led the Jayhawks to runner-up in the [[2003 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament|2003 National Championship game]] and was drafted by the [[Chicago Bulls]] in the storied [[2003 NBA draft]] and had a productive NBA career. In an episode of the [[Matt Barnes]] and [[Stephen Jackson]] podcast ''All The Smoke'', guest [[Dwyane Wade]] spoke of his experience playing Hinrich:
{{Blockquote|text=I never feel like I hated no one guarding me. For me, it was always a different challenge, and I'm saying some guys have played me very well. I mean, a guy like Kirk Hinrich has played me very well.|author=Dwyane Wade, 2019<ref>{{cite web |title= Dwyane Wade {{!}} Ep 9 {{!}} Big 3, Zaire, Retirement | website=[[YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qqwBZqndDUg |date=December 19, 2019 |access-date=May 12, 2025}}</ref>}}
Other examples of defensive point guards include [[Jrue Holiday]], whose defensive aggression against [[Chris Paul]] and [[Devin Booker]] helped the [[Milwaukee Bucks]] win the [[2021 NBA Finals]]. [[Marcus Smart]], then a point guard for the [[Boston Celtics]], won [[NBA Defensive Player of the Year]] in 2022.

Other NBA point guards known for their defensive prowess include Gary Payton, Chris Paul, [[Patrick Beverley]], [[Lonzo Ball]], [[Alex Caruso]], [[Mike Conley Jr.]]<ref>{{cite web |last=DePrisco |first=Mike |title=Top 10 point guards in the NBA right now |url=https://www.nbcsports.com/washington/wizards/top-10-point-guards-nba-right-now |publisher=[[NBC Sports]] |date=November 30, 2022 |access-date=April 5, 2023}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bob Cousy Award]] – An annual award given to the nation's top [[NCAA]] male point guard
* [[Nancy Lieberman Award]] – The counterpart to the Cousy Award; given to the top NCAA female point guard
* [[Point forward]] – when a forward assumes the point guard duties

==References==
{{refbegin}}

* ''The Basketball Handbook'' (pg 14) (2004). Lee H. Rose {{ISBN|0-7360-4906-1}}

{{refend}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Point guards}}
* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050712004337/http://msn.foxsports.com/nba/story/3734262 |date=July 12, 2005 |title=FOXSports.com - Best all-time point guards}}, accessed February 9, 2008

{{Basketball Positions}}

[[Category:Point guards| ]]
[[Category:Basketball positions]]
[[Category:Basketball terminology]]