Rosa multiflora

2025-07-25T02:11:40Z

217.180.218.217:

{{short description|Species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae}}{{Redirect|Baby rose|the music artist|Baby Rose}}{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use American English|date=June 2018}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = 2020-05-20 08 05 42 Multiflora Rose flowers along a walking path within Horsepen Run Stream Valley Park in Oak Hill, Fairfax County, Virginia.jpg
| genus = Rosa
| species = multiflora
| authority = [[Carl Peter Thunberg|Thunb.]]
| synonyms =
* ''Rosa polyanthos'' Rössig
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO>{{cite POWO |id=77231459-1 |title=''Rosa multiflora'' Thunb. |access-date=13 July 2025}}</ref>
}}
'''''Rosa multiflora''''' ([[synonym (biology)|syn.]] '''''Rosa polyantha''''')<ref name=P&R>{{cite book |title=The Ultimate Guide to Roses |author1=Roger Phillips |author2=Martyn Rix |publisher=Pan Macmillan Ltd |year=2004 |isbn=1-4050-4920-0 |page=262}}</ref> is a species of [[rose]] known commonly as '''multiflora rose''',<ref name=GRIN>{{GRIN |access-date=December 15, 2017}}</ref> '''baby rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''Japanese rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''many-flowered rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''seven-sisters rose''',<ref name=GRIN/> '''Eijitsu rose''' and '''rambler rose'''. It is native to eastern [[Asia]], in [[China]], [[Japan]], and [[Korea]]. It should not be confused with ''[[Rosa rugosa]]'', which is also known as "Japanese rose", or with [[polyantha rose]]s which are garden cultivars derived from hybrids of ''R. multiflora''. It was introduced to North America, where it is an [[invasive species]], forming extensive, impenetrable stands within forest understories, thickets, borders, and lowlands.

==Description==
It is a scrambling [[shrub]] climbing over other plants to a height of {{cvt|3|–|5|m|ftin}}, with stout stems with recurved [[Thorns, spines, and prickles|prickles]] (sometimes absent). The [[leaf|leaves]] are {{cvt|5|–|10|cm|0}} long, compound, with 5–9 leaflets and feathered stipules. The [[flower]]s are produced in large [[corymb]]s, each flower small, {{cvt|1.5|–|4|cm|in|frac=8}} diameter, white or pink, borne in early summer. The [[rose hip|hips]] are reddish to purple, {{cvt|6|–|8|mm|frac=128}} diameter. Two other [[variety (botany)|varieties]] have been identified which have many [[synonym (taxonomy)|synonyms]] of their own:<ref name=POWO/>
* ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''adenochaeta'' (Koidz.) Ohwi
* ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''cathayensis'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson
As well as the type variety ''Rosa multiflora'' var. ''multiflora''.

==Cultivation and uses==
''Rosa multiflora'' is grown as an [[ornamental plant]] and also used as a [[rootstock]] for [[grafting|grafted]] ornamental rose [[cultivar]]s.

In eastern [[North America]], ''Rosa multiflora'' is considered an [[invasive species]]. It was originally introduced from Asia as a [[soil conservation]] measure, as a natural hedge to border grazing land, and to attract wildlife. In some regions the plant is classified as a [[noxious weed]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/romu1.htm |title=Multiflora Rose |author1=Carole Bergmann |author2=Jil M. Swearingen |publisher=U.S. National Park Service |access-date=March 27, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060404041241/http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/romu1.htm |archive-date=2006-04-04}}</ref> In grazing areas, it is generally considered to be a serious pest, though it is excellent fodder for [[goat]]s.<ref>{{citation |url=https://u.osu.edu/sheep/2020/06/02/control-of-multiflora-rose-in-pastures/ |title=Control of Multiflora Rose in Pastures |access-date=13 July 2025}}</ref>

The achene fruits (hips) of ''Rosa multiflora'' (referred to as "Eijitsu" or "Rosae fructus") are used to make a tea and in traditional medicine historically and in modern clinical practice to treat constipation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kitahiro |first=Yumi |last2=Ikeda |first2=Hiroshi |last3=Im |first3=Hyoung-Tak |last4=Kodaira |first4=Eiichi |last5=Shibano |first5=Makio |date=2019-06-01 |title=Phytochemical characterization of ''Rosa multiflora'' Thunb. (Rosaceae) in Japan and South Korea, with a focus on the bioactive flavonol glycoside ‘multiflorin A’ |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11418-019-01302-x |journal=Journal of Natural Medicines |language=en |volume=73 |issue=3 |pages=555–565 |doi=10.1007/s11418-019-01302-x |issn=1861-0293|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=Eat the Planet|url=http://eattheplanet.org/multiflora-rose-an-invasive-but-nutritious-wild-edible/|title=Multiflora Rose, An Invasive But Nutritious Wild Edible|date=February 21, 2014 }}</ref>

==Management==
The targeted removal of multiflora rose often requires an aggressive technique, such as the full removal of the plant in addition to the root structure. Pruning and cutting back of the plant often leads to re-sprouting. Two natural biological controls include the [[List of pests and diseases of roses#Phytoplasma, viruses and virus-like diseases|rose rosette disease]] and the rose seed chalid (''[[Megastigmus aculeastus]]'' var. ''nigroflavus'').<ref>{{cite web |title=Multiflora Rose Control |url=https://mdc.mo.gov/trees-plants/invasive-plants/multiflora-rose-control |access-date=September 14, 2024 |website=Missouri Department of Conservation}}</ref> Patches of introduced multiflora rose in [[Pennsylvania]] are displaying symptoms of rose rosette disease, which can lead to decline and death.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://extension.psu.edu/natural-resources/forests/news/2013/multiflora-rose-the-mixed-blessings-of-rose-rosette-disease |title=Multiflora Rose: The Mixed Blessings of Rose Rosette Disease |access-date=March 19, 2016}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Rosa multiflora a03.jpg|alt=Whole plant
File:20140227Rosa multiflora1.jpg|alt=Bark
File:Multiflora Rose.JPG|alt=Foliage
File:20140509Rosa multiflora04.jpg|alt=Flowers
File:Rosa-multiflora-Flower.jpg|alt=Flower close-up
File:20151002Rosa multiflora.jpg|[[rose hip|Hips]] (fruits)
File:球磨川のツクシイバラ Rosa multiflora adenochaeta of Kumagawa River. - panoramio (3).jpg|Blossom of var. ''cathayensis'' on the [[Kuma River (Japan)|Kuma River]] of Japan.
</gallery>

==References==
{{Commons}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/profile/multiflora-rose Species Profile – Multiflora Rose], National Invasive Species Information Center, [[United States National Agricultural Library]]. Lists general information and resources for Multiflora Rose.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q133617}}

[[Category:Roses|multiflora]]
[[Category:Flora of Japan]]
[[Category:Flora of China]]
[[Category:Flora of Korea]]

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Rosa multiflora