Glycine (plant)

2025-06-21T12:01:40Z

220.253.230.110: Undid revision 1296660571 by 220.253.230.110 (talk)

{{Short description|Genus of legumes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Soybean.USDA.jpg
| image_caption = ''Glycine max'': [[soybean]]s
| display_parents = 3
| taxon = Glycine
| authority = [[Willd.]] (1802), nom. cons.
| type_species = ''[[Glycine clandestina]]''
| type_species_authority = J.C. Wendl.
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text
| synonyms =
* ''Cadelium'' {{small|Medik. (1787)}}
* ''Chrystolia'' Montrouz. ex Beauvis. (1901)
* ''Kennedynella'' {{small|Steud. (1840), nom. superfl.}}
* ''Leptocyamus'' Benth. (1839)
* ''Leptolobium'' Benth. (1837), nom. illeg.
* ''Soja'' Moench (1794), nom. rej.
* ''Triendilix'' {{small|Raf. (1836)}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331628-2 ''Glycine'' Willd.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 31 August 2023</ref>
}}

'''''Glycine''''' is a genus in the [[bean]] family [[Fabaceae]]. The best known species is the [[soybean|cultivated soybean]] (''Glycine max''). While the majority of the species are found only in Australia, the soybean's native range is in East Asia.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sherman‐Broyles |first1=Sue |last2=Bombarely |first2=Aureliano |last3=Powell |first3=Adrian F. |last4=Doyle |first4=Jane L. |last5=Egan |first5=Ashley N. |last6=Coate |first6=Jeremy E. |last7=Doyle |first7=Jeff J. |title=The wild side of a major crop: Soybean's perennial cousins from Down Under |journal=American Journal of Botany |date=October 2014 |volume=101 |issue=10 |pages=1651–1665 |doi=10.3732/ajb.1400121}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bell |first1=Lindsay W. |last2=Bennett |first2=Richard G. |last3=Ryan |first3=Megan H. |last4=Clarke |first4=Heather |title=The potential of herbaceous native Australian legumes as grain crops: a review |journal=Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems |date=March 2011 |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=79-81 |doi=10.1017/S1742170510000347}}</ref> A few species extend from Australia to East Asia (e.g., ''G. tomentella'' and ''G. tabacina'').
''Glycine'' species are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species: the [[engrailed (moth)|engrailed]], [[nutmeg (moth)|nutmeg]] and [[turnip moth|turnip]] moths have all been recorded on soybean.

==Taxonomy==
The genus name ''Glycine'' has had a tangled taxonomic history.<ref name=HymoNewe81/> It was first introduced by [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1753.<ref name=IPNI_30007039-2/> Linnaeus listed eight species. The first was ''Glycine apios'', for which he gave the pre-Linnaean synonym "''Apios americana''".<ref name=Linn53p753/> The genus name is derived from the Greek ''glykys'', meaning 'sweet'.<ref name=HymoNewe81/> Linnaeus's ''Glycine apios'', now accepted as ''[[Apios americana]]'', has edible roots, which were used as food by [[Native Americans in the United States]].<ref name=CarlWoll04/> In 1966, [[Bernard Verdcourt]] discovered that the designated [[type species]] of Linnaeus's genus, ''Glycine javanica'', was actually a member of the genus ''[[Pueraria]]'' with an abnormal [[inflorescence]]. Linnaeus's eight species are now placed in seven genera other than ''Glycine''. Verdcourt proposed that since Linnaeus's ''Glycine'' was so confused, the genus should instead be based on the species ''[[Glycine clandestina]]'', first described by [[Carl Ludwig Willdenow]] in 1802.<ref name=Verd66/><ref name=HymoNewe81/> The proposal was agreed in 1978, and ''Glycine'' L. is a rejected name in favour of the [[conserved name]] ''Glycine'' Willd.<ref name=IPNI_128950-3/> A consequence of the changes is that the justification for the genus name no longer exists, since none of the species with edible roots are now placed in ''Glycine''.<ref name=HymoNewe81/>

===Species===
{{As of|2025|February}}, [[Plants of the World Online]] accepted 28 species.<ref name = powo/>

Subgenus ''Glycine''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theplantlist.org/|title=Home — The Plant List|website=www.theplantlist.org|access-date=2019-04-25}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://ildis.org/LegumeWeb10.01.shtml|title=ILDIS LegumeWeb (version 10)|website=ildis.org|access-date=2019-04-25}}</ref>

{{Div col|colwidth=250px}}
*''[[Glycine albicans]]'' {{small|Tindale & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine aphyonotos]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil}}
*''[[Glycine arenaria]]'' {{small|Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine argyrea]]'' {{small|Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine canescens]]'' {{small|F.J.Herm.}}
*''[[Glycine clandestina]]'' {{small|J.C.Wendl.}}
*''[[Glycine curvata]]'' {{small|Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine cyrtoloba]]'' {{small|Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine dolichocarpa]]'' {{small|Tateishi & H.Ohashi}}
*''[[Glycine falcata]]'' {{small|Benth.}}
*''[[Glycine gracei]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine hirticaulis]]'' {{small|Tindale & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine koidzumii]]'' {{small|Ohwi}}
*''[[Glycine lactovirens]]'' {{small|Tindale & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine latifolia]]'' {{small|(Benth.) C.Newell & Hymowitz}}
*''[[Glycine latrobeana]]'' {{small|(Meissner) Benth.}}
*''[[Glycine microphylla]]'' {{small|(Benth.) Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine montis-douglas]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine peratosa]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil & Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine pescadrensis]]'' {{small|Hayata}}
*''[[Glycine pindanica]]'' {{small|Tindale & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine pullenii]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil, Tindale & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine remota]]'' {{small|M.D.Barrett & R.L.Barrett}}
*''[[Glycine rubiginosa]]'' {{small|Tindale & B.E.Pfeil}}
*''[[Glycine stenophita]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil & Tindale}}
*''[[Glycine syndetika]]'' {{small|B.E.Pfeil & Craven}}
*''[[Glycine tabacina]]'' {{small|(Labill.) Benth.}}
*''[[Glycine tomentella]]'' {{small|Hayata}}

Subgenus ''Soja'' (Moench) F.J. Herm.
*''[[Glycine max]]'' {{small|(L.) Merr.}} (the soybean)
*''[[Glycine soja]]'' {{small|Sieb. & Zucc.}}
{{Div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=CarlWoll04>{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Carlisi |first1=Jackie |last2=Wollard |first2=Dennis |date=2004 |title=History, Culture, and Nutrition of ''Apios americana'' |journal=Journal of Nutraceuticals, Functional & Medical Foods |volume=4 |issue=3/4 |pages=85–92 |doi=10.1300/J133v04n03_06 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>

<ref name=HymoNewe81>{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Hymowitz |first1=T. |last2=Newell |first2=C.A. |date=1981 |title=Taxonomy of the Genus ''Glycine'', Domestication and Uses of Soybeans |journal=Economic Botany |volume=35 |issue=3 |pages=272–288 |doi=10.1007/BF02859119 |jstor=4254296 |bibcode=1981EcBot..35..272H |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>

<ref name=IPNI_128950-3>{{IPNI|taxon=''Glycine'' |authority=Willd..|id=128950-3|access-date=2025-02-20|mode=cs1}}</ref>

<ref name=IPNI_30007039-2>{{IPNI|taxon=''Glycine'' |authority=L..|id=30007039-2|access-date=2025-02-20|mode=cs1}}</ref>

<ref name=Linn53p753>{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Linnaeus |first1=Carl |date=1753 |contribution=Glycine |title=Species Plantarum |volume=2 |pages=753–754 |publication-place=Stockholm |publisher=Impensis Laurentii Salvii |contribution-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358774 |access-date=2025-02-20 }}</ref>

<ref name=Verd66>{{Citation |mode=cs1 |last1=Verdcourt |first1=B. |date=1966 |title=A proposal concerning ''Glycine'' L. |journal=Taxon |volume=15 |pages=34–36 |doi=10.2307/1216815 |jstor=1216815 }}</ref>
}}

===Recent taxonomic references===
*Barrett, R. L. and M. D. Barrett. (2015). Twenty-seven new species of vascular plants from Western Australia. ''Nuytsia'' 26, 21–87.
*Pfeil, B. E., et al. (2006). Three new species of northern Australian ''Glycine'' (Fabaceae, Phaseolae), ''G. gracei'', ''G. montis-douglas'' and ''G. syndetika''. ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 19, 245–258.
*Pfeil, B. E. and L. A. Craven. (2002). New taxa in ''Glycine'' (Fabaceae: Phaseoleae) from north-western Australia. ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 15, 565–573.
*Pfeil, B. E., et al. (2001). A review of the ''Glycine clandestina'' species complex (Fabaceae, Phaseoleae) reveals two new species. ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 14, 891–900.
*Pfeil, B. E. and M. D. Tindale. (2001). ''Glycine''. in Flora of NSW, revised edition. Vol. 2. Harden, G. (ed.). Sydney, NSW University Press.
*Doyle, J. J., et al. (2000). Confirmation of shared and divergent genomes in the ''Glycine tabacina'' polyploid complex (Leguminosae) using histone H3-D sequences. ''Systematic Botany'' 25, 437–448.
*Tindale, M. D. and L. A. Craven. (1993). ''Glycine pindanica'' (Fabaceae: Phaseolae), a new species from west Kimberley, Western Australia. ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 6, 371–376.
*Tindale, M. D. and L. A. Craven. (1988). Three new species of ''Glycine'' (Fabaceae: Phaseolae) from North-western Australia, with notes on amphicarpy in the genus. ''Australian Systematic Botany'' 1, 399–410.
*Tindale, M. D. (1986). Taxonomic notes on three Australian and Norfolk Island species of ''Glycine'' Willd. (Fabaceae: Phaseolae) including the choice of a neotype for ''G. clandestina'' Wendl. ''Brunonia'' 9, 179–191.
*Tindale, M. D. (1984). Two new eastern Australian species of ''Glycine'' Willd. (Fabaceae). ''Brunonia'' 7, 207–213.
*Newell, C. A. and T. Hymowitz. (1980). A taxonomic revision on the genus ''Glycine'' subgenus ''Glycine'' (Leguminosae). ''Brittonia'' 32, 63–69.
*Hermann, F. J. (1962). A revision of the genus ''Glycine'' and its immediate allies. ''Tech. Bull. U.S.D.A.'' 1268.

===Older taxonomic references===
*Hayata. (1920). ''Ic. Pl. Formos.'' 9: 29.
*Bentham, G. (1864). ''Glycine''. ''Fl. Austral.'' 2: 242–245.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q311395}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Glycine (plant)| ]]
[[Category:Phaseoleae]]
[[Category:Fabaceae genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Willdenow]]
[[Category:Fabales of Asia]]

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Glycine (plant)