Buceros

2025-06-15T00:10:50Z

2600:4040:AECD:6F00:4108:9004:D166:CBFD: /* Species */

{{Short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Rhinoceros_hornbill_national_aviary.jpg
| image_caption = [[Rhinoceros hornbill]]<br>''Buceros rhinoceros''
| taxon = Buceros
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| type_species = ''Buceros rhinoceros'' ([[rhinoceros hornbill]])
| type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
| synonyms = ''Hydrocorax'' <small>[[Mathurin Jacques Brisson|Brisson]], 1760</small>
}}

'''''Buceros''''', from [[Ancient Greek]] βοῦς (''boûs''), meaning "ox", and κέρας (''kéras''), meaning "horn", is a [[genus]] of large [[Asia]]n hornbills (family [[Bucerotidae]]).

==Description==
[[Hornbill]]s in the [[genus]] ''Buceros'' include some of the largest arboreal hornbills in the world, with the largest being the [[great hornbill]]. All the hornbills in this genus have a large and hollow bony [[Casque (anatomy)|casque]] on their upper beak that can be useful to scientists and bird watchers to recognise their age, sex and species. Their wingspan can be up to 1.8 meters (6 foot) and they have the largest wingspan out of all the hornbills.

==Taxonomy==
The [[genus]] ''Buceros'' was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist [[Carl Linnaeus]] in the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|tenth edition]] of his ''[[Systema Naturae]]''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Linnaeus | first=Carl | author-link=Carl Linnaeus | year=1758 | title= Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis | volume=1 | edition=10th | page=104 | publisher=Laurentii Salvii | location=Holmiae (Stockholm) | language=Latin | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727009 }}</ref> The name comes from [[Ancient Greek]] βοῦς (''boûs''), meaning "ox", and κέρας (''kéras''), meaning "horn".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010| title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=79 }}</ref> The [[type species]] was designated as the [[rhinoceros hornbill]] (''Buceros rhinoceros'') by [[Daniel Giraud Elliot]] in 1882.<ref>{{ cite book | last=Elliot | first=Daniel Giraud | author-link=Daniel Giraud Elliot | date=1882 | title=A Monograph of the Bucerotidae, or Family of the Hornbills | location= | publisher=Published for the subscribers by the author | page=xvi | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38534471 }}</ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1945 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=5 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=270 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480281 }}</ref>

===Species===
The genus contains three species:<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2021 | title=Mousebirds, Cuckoo Roller, trogons, hoopoes, hornbills | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/mousebirds/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=10 August 2021 }}</ref>
{{Species table |genus=Buceros |authority-name=[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]]|authority-year= [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]] |species-count=three|no-note=y|narrow-percent=75}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Rhinoceros hornbill|binomial=[[Rhinoceros hornbill|Buceros rhinoceros]]
|image=File:Hornbill 2.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus|authority-year=1758|authority-not-original=
|range= Borneo, Sumatra, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Singapore, and southern Thailand
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= VU
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''B. r. borneoensis'' [[Hermann Schlegel|Schlegel]] & [[Salomon Müller|Müller, S]], 1845 – [[Borneo]]
| ''B. r. rhinoceros'' Linnaeus, 1758 – south [[Malay Peninsula]] and [[Sumatra]]
| ''B. r. silvestris'' [[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot]], 1816 – [[Java]]
}}
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Great hornbill|binomial=[[Great hornbill|Buceros bicornis]]
|image=File:Great Hornbill Goa.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus|authority-year=1758|authority-not-original=
|range=India, Bhutan, Nepal, Mainland Southeast Asia, Indonesian Island of Sumatra and North eastern region of India
|range-image=File:BucerosBicornisMap.svg
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status=VU
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies=
}}

{{Species table/row
|name=Rufous hornbill|binomial=[[Rufous hornbill|Buceros hydrocorax]]
|image=File:Buceros hydrocorax eating.jpg|image-size=180px |image-alt=
|authority-name=Linnaeus|authority-year=1756|authority-not-original=
|range= Philippines
|range-image=
|range-image-size=180px
|size=
|habitat=
|hunting=
|iucn-status= VU
|population=
|direction=
|subspecies={{Collapsible list |expand=yes |title=Three subspecies |bullets=on
| ''B. h. hydrocorax:'' [[Luzon]] and [[Marinduque]]
| ''B. h. semigaelatus:''[[Samar (island)|Samar]], [[Leyte (island)|Leyte]], [[Bohol (island)|Bohol]], [[Panaon Island|Panaon]], [[Biliran Island|Biliran]], [[Calicoan]] and [[Buad Island|Buad]]
| ''B. h. mindanensis:'' [[Dinagat Island|Dinagat]], [[Siargao]], [[Mindanao]]
}}
}}
{{Species table/end}}

The [[helmeted hornbill]] is sometimes included in this genus, but today most authorities place it in the [[monotypic]] ''Rhinoplax'' instead.

==References==
{{reflist}}
* Kemp, A. C. (2001). Family Bucerotidae (Hornbills). pp. 436–523 in: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., & Sargatal, J. eds. (2001). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World.'' Vol. 6. Mousebirds to Hornbills. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. {{ISBN|84-87334-30-X}}

{{Cavitaves|B.|state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q850627}}

[[Category:Buceros| ]]
[[Category:Bird genera]]
[[Category:Birds of Southeast Asia]]

{{Bucerotiformes-stub}}

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Buceros