Vero - Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Pierre Balmain

2025-10-11T22:38:50Z

2601:447:C580:3059:0:0:0:1002:

{{short description|French fashion designer (1914–1982)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Pierre Balmain
| image = Pierre Balmain, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, November 9, 1947.jpg
| caption = Balmain photographed by [[Carl Van Vechten]], 1947
| birthname = Pierre Alexandre Claudius Balmain
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1914|5|18}}
| birth_place = [[Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne]], [[Savoie]], France
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1982|6|29|1914|05|18}}
| death_place = Paris, France
| occupation = Fashion designer
| known_for = Founder of [[Balmain (fashion house)|Balmain]] fashion house
| credits = [[Neiman Marcus Fashion Award]], 1955; Chevalier of the [[Légion d’Honneur]], 1962; knight of the [[Order of the Dannebrog]], 1963; [[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Costume Design]] winner<ref name="Vogue PB history">{{cite web|title=Voguepedia:Pierre Balmain|url=http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Pierre_Balmain|work=Vogue|access-date=27 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122114239/http://www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Pierre_Balmain|archive-date=22 January 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}

[[File:Queen Sirikit NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Balmain designed outfits for then Queen [[Sirikit]] for her 1960 tour of the US.]]

'''Pierre Alexandre Claudius Balmain''' ({{IPA|fr|pjɛʁ balmɛ̃|French}}; 18 May 1914 – 29 June 1982) was a French fashion designer and founder of leading post-war fashion house [[Balmain (fashion house)|Balmain]]. Known for sophistication and elegance, he described the art of dressmaking as "the architecture of movement".<ref name="Elle Balmain"/>

==Early life==
Balmain's father, who died when the future designer was seven, owned a wholesale [[draper]]y business. His mother, Françoise, ran a fashion boutique called Galeries Parisiennes with her sisters.<ref name="Vogue PB history"/> He went to school at [[Chambéry]] and, during weekends with his uncle in the spa town of [[Aix-les-Bains]], his interest in couture fashion was inspired by society women he met.<ref name="Vogue PB history"/>

Balmain began studying architecture at the [[École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts|École des Beaux-Arts]] in 1933, also undertaking freelance work drawing for the designer [[Robert Piguet]].

==Career==
After visiting the studio of [[Edward Molyneux]] in 1934, he was offered a job, leaving his studies and working for the designer for the succeeding five years.<ref name="style sequel">{{cite web|title=Balmain Biography|url=http://www.stylesequel.com/designers/balmain/biography#|website=stylesequel.com|publisher=Style Sequel|access-date=27 July 2014}}</ref> He joined [[Lucien Lelong]] during [[World War II]] – where he met the young designer [[Christian Dior]].<ref name="Elle Balmain">{{cite news|url=http://www.elle.com/Fashion/Designer-Files/Balmain|title=Balmain|work=[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]|access-date=26 March 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812003951/http://www.elle.com/Fashion/Designer-Files/Balmain|archive-date=12 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="style sequel"/>

==Death==
Pierre Balmain died at the age of 68 of liver cancer at the American Hospital of Paris, having just completed the sketches for his fall collection.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/06/30/obituaries/pierre-balmain-is-dead-at-68-designer-of-women-s-clothes.html|title=PIERRE BALMAIN IS DEAD AT 68; DESIGNER OF WOMEN'S CLOTHES|last=Morris|first=Bernadine|date=30 June 1982|work=The New York Times|access-date=30 September 2017|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

==Fashion house of Balmain==

[[Image:44 rue François Ier.jpg|thumb|right|Maison Balmain in Paris, 44 rue François-Ier]]
The fashion house of [[Balmain (fashion house)|Balmain]] opened in 1945.<ref name="style sequel"/> Initially, it showcased long bell-shaped skirts with small waists – a post-war style that was popularised in 1947 as Dior's [[Dior#"New Look"|New Look]].<ref name="style sequel"/> The first collection was showcased in ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'' in the November issue and the reviewer's reaction was that Balmain delivered "beautiful clothes that you really want to wear." A positive write-up in the magazine from Balmain's friend [[Gertrude Stein]] helped to seal the designer's success – early celebrity fans included the [[Wallis Simpson|Duchess of Windsor]] who ordered from the collection.<ref name="Vogue PB history"/>

Balmain actively promoted himself internationally from the early days – touring Australia in 1947 and designing a line to be produced in the country.<ref name="Vogue PB history"/> He expanded operations to the United States in 1951, selling ready-to-wear clothes that earned him a prestigious [[Neiman Marcus Fashion Award]] in 1955.<ref name="Vogue PB history"/> He was, by this stage, designing clothes worn by [[Vojislav Stanimirović (criminal)|Vojislav Stanimirovic]] and stars, such as [[Marlene Dietrich]] and [[Katharine Hepburn]].<ref name="Vogue PB history"/>

Such was Balmain's reputation that he was chosen to design the wardrobe of [[Queen Sirikit of Thailand]] during her 1960 tour of the United States.<ref name="FE Seaman and Rhodes">{{cite web|last1=Seaman|first1=Margo|last2=Rhodes|first2=Nelly|title=Balman, Pierre|url=http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/Ba-Bo/Balmain-Pierre.html|website=fashionencyclopedia.com|publisher=Fashion Encyclopaedia|access-date=27 July 2014}}</ref> In 1968, he created outfits for the [[1968 Winter Olympics]] in [[Grenoble]]. He also designed outfits for both [[TWA]] and [[Malaysia–Singapore Airlines]]' (later [[Singapore Airlines]]) cabin crew in the 1960s and '70s. [[Air France]]'s first female pilot in 1975 wore a uniform by Balmain<ref name="Vogue PB history"/>

After he dressed Nicaraguan first lady [[Hope Portocarrero]], she appeared on the 1968 International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gO9nBwAAQBAJ&dq=Pierre+Balmain+portocarrero&pg=PA56 | title=World Clothing and Fashion: An Encyclopedia of History, Culture, and Social Influence | isbn=9781317451679 | last1=Snodgrass | first1=Mary Ellen | date=17 March 2015 | publisher=Routledge }}</ref>

[[Erik Mortensen (designer)|Erik Mortensen]], a student of the Danish designer Holger Blum, began as a design assistant at Balmain in 1948. He and Balmain worked well together, and Mortensen quickly went from assistant to collaborator. He and Balmain worked together for the rest of Balmain's life.<ref>{{Cite news
| title = Women's Wear Daily
| last = Canatsey
| first = Christopher
| date = 13 November 1987
| work = p. 10
}}</ref> [[Margit Brandt]] worked as a young designer with Pierre Balmain in the early 1960s. Balmain also spotted the talent of [[Karl Lagerfeld]], hiring him in 1954 after judging a fashion competition that the young German designer won.<ref name="Vogue PB history"/>

Balmain's vintage couture gowns remain popular, and have been worn by [[Angelina Jolie]], [[Penélope Cruz]], [[Alexandra Kerry]], [[Tatiana Sorokko]], [[Kate Moss]], [[Kristin Davis]] and [[Zendaya]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/2007/08/31/style-closets-celebrities-forbeslife-cx_ls_0831fashionpak.html |title=Inside Hollywood's Closets |date=31 August 2007 |work=[[Forbes]]|access-date=26 March 2011| first=Lauren| last=Sherman}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703380104576015983886845422| title=Botanical Garden's Gall|date=13 December 2010 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=26 March 2011 | first=Priya| last=Rao}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/fashion-week/a6006/tatiana-sorokko-glenda-bailey-1010/ |title=Join Glenda Bailey & Tatiana Sorokko for Exclusive Couture Symposium |date=20 October 2010|magazine=[[Harper's Bazaar]] |access-date=26 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.redcarpet-fashionawards.com/2010/05/09/best-dressed-of-the-week-jennifer-lopez-in-zuhair-murad-couture-kristin-davis-in-vintage-balmain/|title=Best Dressed of the Week – Jennifer Lopez in Zuhair Murad Couture & Kristin Davis in Vintage Balmain|date=10 May 2010 |publisher=Redcarpet-fashionawards.com |access-date=26 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/oscars/4784572/Oscars-2009-Stars-disappoint-in-the-fashion-stakes.html |title=Oscars 2009: Stars disappoint in the fashion stakes |date=23 February 2009 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=26 March 2011| first=Hilary | last=Alexander}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wmagazine.com/fashion/zendaya-naacp-awards-vintage-balmain|title=Zendaya Goes for True Vintage in 1956 Balmain|last=Eckardt|first=Stephanie|date=28 February 2022|magazine=[[W (magazine)|W]]|publisher=W Media|access-date=25 April 2022}}</ref>

===Costume design===
Balmain was nominated for the [[Tony Award]] for Best Costume Design and won the [[Drama Desk Award]] for Outstanding Costume Design for ''[[Happy New Year (musical)|Happy New Year]]'' (1980). Additional Broadway theatre credits include costumes for [[Sophia Loren]] in ''[[The Millionairess]]'' (1960) and [[Josephine Baker]] for her [[:wikt:eponym|eponymous]] 1964 [[revue]]. He also was a costume designer for 16 films, including the [[Brigitte Bardot]] vehicle ''[[And God Created Woman (1956 film)|And God Created Woman]]'' and ''[[La Parisienne (film)|La Parisienne]]'', and designed on-screen wardrobes for the actresses [[Vivien Leigh]] and [[Mae West]]. He made a lot of dresses for [[Dalida]].{{citation needed|date=July 2014}}

===Perfumes===
Pierre Balmain also created [[perfumes]]. His first scent – ''Elysees 64-83'' (1946, perfumer [[Germaine Cellier]]). ''Vent Vert'' (1947, G.Cellier) – one of the best-selling perfumes of the late 1940s and early 1950s. Other scents included ''Jolie Madame'' (1953), ''Monsieur Balmain'' (1964), ''Miss Balmain'' (1967) – perfumes of Germaine Cellier, ''Ivoire'' (1979).<ref>yestendaysperfume.com</ref>

==Publications==
Balmain, Pierre, ''My Years and Seasons'', Cassell, London 1964

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Pierre Balmain}}
*[http://www.balmain.com/ House of Balmain]
*[http://headtotoefashionart.com/pierre-balmain-1914-1982/ Vintage designs and adverts by Pierre Balmain]
*{{fashiondesigner|id=pierre-balmain}}
*{{IBDB name|24649}}
* {{cite web |publisher= [[Victoria and Albert Museum]]
|url= http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/1486_couture/exhibHighBalmain.php
|title= Pierre Balmain – Dress & Petticoat
|access-date= 13 November 2007}}
* {{cite web |publisher= [[Victoria and Albert Museum]]
|url= http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/1486_couture/explore.php
|title= Interactive timeline of couture houses and couturier biographies|date= 29 July 2015
}}

{{DramaDesk CostumeDesign 1976–2000}}{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Balmain, Pierre}}
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:1982 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne]]
[[Category:French fashion designers]]
[[Category:Drama Desk Award winners]]
[[Category:LGBTQ fashion designers]]
[[Category:French LGBTQ artists]]
[[Category:20th-century French LGBTQ people]]
[[Category:Deaths from liver cancer in France]]

Fort Benning

2025-10-04T17:22:56Z

2601:447:C580:3059:0:0:0:1002:

{{Short description|United States Army post outside Columbus, Georgia}}
{{redirect|Fort Moore}}
{{Use American English|date=July 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox military installation
| name = Fort Benning
| partof = [[United States Army Training and Doctrine Command|Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC)]] <br />[[United States Army Forces Command|Forces Command (FORSCOM)]]<br />[[United States Special Operations Command|Special Operations Command (USSOCOM)]]
| location = [[Columbus, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area]]<br />[[Chattahoochee County, Georgia]] (93%) and [[Russell County, Alabama|Russell County]], [[Alabama]] (7%)<br />≈182,000 acres ({{convert|182,000|acres|ha|disp=out}}, {{convert|182,000|acres|sqmi|disp=out}}, {{convert|182,000|acres|km2|disp=out}})
| image = File:MCoE_Seal.jpg
| image_size = 175px
| caption = Maneuver Center of Excellence
| motto =
| type = Army post
| built = {{start date and age|1909}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|32|21|58|N|84|58|09|W|region:US-GA_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map = USA_Georgia#USA
| map =
| materials =
| used = 1918–present
| controlledby = {{army|USA}}
| website = [https://home.army.mil/benning/ Official Website]
| garrison = Units and tenant units
* 198th Infantry Brigade
* 197th Infantry Brigade
* 199th Infantry Brigade
* 194th Armored Brigade
* 316th Cavalry Brigade
* Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade
* [[Officer Candidate School (United States Army)|Officer Candidate School]]
* Henry Caro Noncommissioned Officer Academy
* 14th Combat Support Hospital, [[44th Medical Brigade]]
* Task Force 1-28, [[48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States)#3rd Infantry Division|48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team]]
* [[75th Ranger Regiment]]
* 1st Security Force Assistance Brigade
* Army Marksmanship Unit
* 283d MCOE Band
* [[17th Special Tactics Squadron]], [[USAF]]
* [[Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation]] (WHINSEC)
* [[United States Army Armor School]]
* [[United States Army Infantry School]]
* Martin Army Community Hospital
| Image size =
}}

'''Fort Benning''' (formerly '''Fort Moore''' from 2023-25) is a [[United States Army]] post in the [[Columbus, Georgia]], area. Located on [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]'s border with [[Alabama]], Fort Benning supports more than 120,000 active-duty military, family members, reserve component soldiers, retirees and civilian employees on a daily basis. As a [[power projection]] platform, the post can deploy combat-ready forces by air, rail, and highway for their designated mission. Fort Benning is the home of the United States Army Maneuver Center of Excellence, the [[United States Army Armor School]], [[United States Army Infantry School]], the [[Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation]] (formerly known as the [[School of the Americas]]), elements of the [[75th Ranger Regiment]], the [[1st Security Force Assistance Brigade]], and other tenant units.

Established in 1918 as '''Camp Benning''', named after [[General officers in the Confederate States Army|Confederate General]] [[Henry L. Benning]] in the [[American Civil War]], it was the Home of the Infantry.{{efn|name=infSchool1913|1= [[Fort Sill]] encompassed the Infantry School in 1913; the Infantry school moved to Camp Benning in 1918.<ref name=sillHistory >Lance Janda, Oklahoma History Center [https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=FO038 ''The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture —Fort Sill'']</ref>}} In 1922 Camp Benning became Fort Benning. In 2005, it was transformed into the Maneuver Center of Excellence, as a result of the [[Base Realignment and Closure, 2005|2005 Base Realignment and Closure]] (BRAC) Commission's decision to consolidate a number of schools and installations to create various "centers of excellence". Included in this transformation was the move of the Armor School from [[Fort Knox]] to Fort Benning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.benning.army.mil/mcoe/b|title=Maneuver Center of Excellence|access-date=5 September 2023}}{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

In May 2023, as part of the removal of names associated with the Confederacy, Fort Benning was renamed Fort Moore after General [[Hal Moore]] and his wife [[Julia Compton Moore]]. In March 2025, the [[United States Secretary of Defense|secretary of defense]] ordered that the name of Fort Moore be changed back to Fort Benning. The base name now pays tribute to Corporal [[Fred G. Benning]], who was awarded the [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Cross]] for his extraordinary heroism in action during World War I with the U.S. Army in France in 1918.

== Name ==
The installation was originally named for [[Henry L. Benning]], a brigadier general in the [[Confederate States Army]] during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web |last=Rhea |first=Gordon |date=25 January 2011 |title=Why Non-Slaveholding Southerners Fought |url=http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/civil-war-overview/why-non-slaveholding.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321183207/http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/civil-war-overview/why-non-slaveholding.html |archive-date=21 March 2011 |access-date=21 March 2011 |work=Civil War Trust}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Benning |first=Henry L. |date=18 February 1861 |title=Speech of Henry Benning to the Virginia Convention |url=http://civilwarcauses.org/benningva.htm |access-date=17 March 2015 |work=Proceedings of the Virginia State Convention of 1861 |pages=62–75 |volume=1}}</ref> Fort Benning was one of the [[List of U.S. Army installations named for Confederate soldiers|ten U.S. Army installations]] named for former Confederate generals that were renamed on 11 May 2023.<ref>{{cite news |last=Levenson |first=Michael |date=11 June 2020 |title=These Are the 10 U.S. Army Installations Named for Confederates |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/us/military-bases-confederates.html |access-date=14 June 2020 |newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=23 July 2020 |title=S. 4049 – National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/4049/text#toc-idec688b7a950f4c0c98a74f539c84e0d4 |work=116th Congress (2019–2020)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Edmondson |first1=Catie |date=January 2021 |title=Senate Overrides Trump's Veto of Defense Bill, Dealing a Legislative Blow |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/01/us/politics/senate-override-trump-defense-bill.html |newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="npr-2020jul24">{{cite news |last=Neuman |first=Scott |date=24 July 2020 |title=Despite Trump's Veto Threat, Senate Approves Provision To Rename Military Bases |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/07/24/894976141/senate-approves-defense-bill-with-provision-to-rename-bases |website=[[NPR]]}}</ref>

As a result of national protests following the 25 May 2020 [[murder of George Floyd]], a black man, by Minneapolis police, Congress began to evaluate [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] proposals to strip the names of Confederate leaders from military bases, including Fort Benning.<ref>{{Cite web |last=O'Brien |first=Connor |date=11 June 2020 |title=Scrubbing Confederate names from Army bases gains steam in Congress, but fight with Trump looms |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/06/11/pentagon-rename-military-confederate-bases-313383 |access-date=13 June 2020 |website=Politico}}</ref> {{anchor|renameMoore}} The congressionally mandated [[The Naming Commission|Naming Commission]] recommended that Fort Benning be renamed Fort Moore after Lieutenant General [[Hal Moore]] and his wife [[Julia Compton Moore]], both of whom are buried on post.<ref>{{cite web |title=Naming_Commission_Final_Report_Part_I.PDF |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1i5pxcq-4zUNbS1yRjZYr9cWmVer0Uu5g/view}}</ref> On 6 October 2022, Secretary of Defense [[Lloyd Austin]] accepted the recommendation and directed the name change occur no later than 1 January 2024.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 October 2022 |title=Implementation of the Naming Commission's Recommendations |url=https://media.defense.gov/2022/Oct/06/2003092544/-1/-1/1/IMPLEMENTATION-OF-THE-NAMING-COMMISSIONS-RECOMMENDATIONS.PDF |access-date=5 September 2023 |website=defense .gov}}</ref><ref name="namingBegins">{{Cite web |title=Pentagon Press Secretary Air Force Brig. Gen. Pat Ryder Holds an On-Camera Press Briefing |url=https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/3260496/pentagon-press-secretary-air-force-brig-gen-pat-ryder-holds-an-on-camera-press/https://www.defense.gov/News/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/3260496/pentagon-press-secretary-air-force-brig-gen-pat-ryder-holds-an-on-camera-press/ |website=U.S. Department of Defense}}{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="renameInMay">BEN WATSON and JENNIFER HLAD [https://www.defenseone.com/threats/2023/03/the-d-brief-march-10-2023/383843/ (10 Mar 2023) ..Bye-bye Benning..]</ref><ref name="redesignation">Herb Scribner [https://www.axios.com/2023/03/25/fort-hood-new-name-name-fort-cavazos (25 Mar 2023) 6 Army bases named after Confederate leaders get dates for new names]</ref> The redesignation ceremony officially renaming Fort Benning as Fort Moore was held on 11 May 2023, the day the renaming took effect.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Agee |first1=Eugene R. |title=Data Base Documentation for the Enhanced Computer Administered Tests at Keesler AFB, Fort Sill, Fort Knox, and Fort Benning. |date=1992-01-01 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada326302 |location=Fort Belvoir, VA |doi=10.21236/ada326302 |last2=Betts |first2=Kevin M. |last3=Xiong |first3=Chinhfou|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

On March 3, 2025, Defense Secretary [[Pete Hegseth]] ordered the U.S. Army to rename the base back to Fort Benning, but with the new namesake of [[Fred G. Benning|Corporal Fred G. Benning]], who earned a Distinguished Service Cross in [[World War I]]. By March 4, 2025, the reverted name and logo of Fort Benning were displayed on portions of the official US Army website.<ref>{{Cite news| issn = 0362-4331| last = Cooper| first = Helene| title = Hegseth Says Fort Moore Will Be Renamed to Fort Benning| work = The New York Times| access-date = 2025-03-03| date = 2025-03-03| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/03/us/politics/hegseth-military-base-moore.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 March 2025 |title=Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth Renames Fort Moore to Fort Benning |url=https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/4090073/secretary-of-defense-pete-hegseth-renames-fort-moore-to-fort-benning/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304031927/https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/4090073/secretary-of-defense-pete-hegseth-renames-fort-moore-to-fort-benning/ |archive-date=4 March 2025 |access-date=3 March 2025 |website=Department of Defense}}</ref>

[[File:Fort Benning and Lawson Field - DPLA - 27cd11cb5a8edec81d79bd9bb2631be1.pdf|thumb|upright|A pamphlet describing Fort Benning and Lawson Field]]

==History==
[[File:Gen. Henry Lewis Benning.jpg|thumb|Fort Benning was formerly named after [[Confederate Army|Confederate]] General [[Henry L. Benning]]. It is now named after [[US Army]] Corporal [[Fred G. Benning]].]]

=== Establishment ===
Camp Benning was established 19 October 1918,<ref>{{cite web |title=The Founding of Camp Benning |url=https://www.benning.army.mil/100/content/pdf/History%20of%20Camp%20Benning.pdf |website=U.S. Army Fort Benning and The Fort Benning Maneuver Center of Excellence |publisher=US Army |access-date=5 June 2020}}</ref> initially providing [[basic training]] for [[World War I]] units, post-war. [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] served at Benning from 24 December 1918,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/html/timeline.php?id%3D34 |title=Dwight D. Eisenhower {{!}} Early Life and Career {{!}} 14 October 1890 - 20 January 1953 |access-date=21 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110601222428/http://www.presidentialtimeline.org/html/timeline.php?id=34 |archive-date=1 June 2011}}</ref> until 15 March 1919,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiblio.org/lia/president/EisenhowerLibrary/_General_Materials/DDE's_Military_Career.html|title=Eisenhower General Information|work=ibiblio.org}}</ref> with about 250 of his [[Camp Colt, Pennsylvania]], tankers who had been transferred to Benning after the armistice.<ref>{{cite book |last=Perret |first=Geoffrey |author-link=Geoffrey Perret |title=Eisenhower |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uLPJOb9n95oC&pg=PA72 |format=Google Books |access-date=21 January 2011|isbn=9781580624312 |date=June 2000 |publisher=Adams Media Corporation}}</ref>{{Rp|72}} In December 1918, a portion of the Camp Polk tank school near Raleigh, North Carolina was transferred to Camp Benning "to work in conjunction with the Infantry school".<ref name=Rockenbach/> Camp Benning tank troops were moved to [[Fort George G. Meade|Camp Meade]] in February 1919.<ref name=Rockenbach>{{cite report |last=Rockenbach |first=Samuel D |author-link=Samuel Rockenbach |date=13 October 1919 |title=Report of the Director of the Tank Corps for the year ending June 30, 1919 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xq4qAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA251 |work=Congressional serial set, Issue 7688 |access-date=17 January 2011}}</ref>

In February 1920, Congress voted to declare Camp Benning a permanent military post and appropriated more than $1 million of additional building funds for the Infantry School of Arms, which later became the Infantry School.<ref name="Kane 172">{{cite book| last=Kane |first=Sharyn |date = May 2003|title=Fort Benning: The Land and the People |pages=172}}</ref> By the fall of 1920, more than 350 officers, 7,000 troops and 650 student officers lived at Camp Benning.<ref name="Kane 172" /> The post was renamed to Fort Benning in 1922, after [[Henry L. Benning]], a general in the army of the [[Confederate States of America]].<ref name="auto"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://civilwarcauses.org/benning.htm|title=Letter from Henry Benning to Howell Cobb|last=Benning|first=Henry L.|date=1 July 1849|work=Civil War Causes|access-date=17 March 2015}}</ref> Benning fought against U.S. Army troops in the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] as commander of [[Confederate States Army]] forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/06/take-confederate-names-off-our-army-bases/612832/|title=Take the Confederate Names Off Our Army Bases|first=David|last=Petraeus|date=9 June 2020|website=The Atlantic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.psu.edu/story/319621/2014/06/30/research/historian-explores-how-civil-war-northerners-reconciled-treason|title=Historian explores how Civil War Northerners reconciled treason with leniency | Penn State University|website=news.psu.edu}}</ref>

In 1924, Brig. Gen. [[Briant H. Wells]] became the fourth commandant of the Infantry School and established the Wells Plan for permanent construction on the installation, emphasizing the importance of the outdoor environment and recreation opportunities for military personnel. During Wells' tenure, the post developed recreational facilities such as Doughboy Stadium, Gowdy Field, the post theater and Russ swimming pool. Doughboy Stadium was erected as a memorial by soldiers to their fallen comrades of World War I. One of the Doughboys' original coaches was a young captain named Dwight D. Eisenhower.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ninke|first=Joshua|title=Doughboys to honor veterans at Doughboy Stadium|url=http://fortbenning.wtvm.com/news/events/46992-doughboys-honor-veterans-doughboy-stadium|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130904020815/http://fortbenning.wtvm.com/news/events/46992-doughboys-honor-veterans-doughboy-stadium|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 September 2013|access-date=3 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Benning Historic Trail|url=https://www.benning.army.mil/mcoe/HistoricTrail/13_doughboy.htm|work=Doughboy Stadium|access-date=3 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320221750/http://www.benning.army.mil/mcoe/HistoricTrail/13_doughboy.htm|archive-date=20 March 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Kane 173–174">{{Cite book| last=Kane |first=Sharyn |date = May 2003|title=Fort Benning: The Land and the People |pages=173–174}}</ref>

Lt. Col [[George C. Marshall]] was appointed assistant commandant of the post in 1927 and initiated major changes. Marshall, who later became the [[Chief of Staff of the United States Army|Army Chief of Staff]] during World War II, was appalled by the high casualties World War I caused, he thought, by insufficient training. He was determined to prevent a lack of preparation from costing more lives in future conflicts. He and his subordinates revamped the education system at Fort Benning. The changes he fostered are still known as the Benning Revolution. Later in his life, Marshall went on to author the [[Marshall Plan]] for reviving postwar Europe and was awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1953.<ref name="Kane 173–174"/>

=== World War II ===
In August 1940, two officers and 46 enlisted volunteers of what was known as the Parachute Test Platoon, made their first airborne jump over Lawson Field at Fort Benning after intensive training. Observers from several countries including Germany and the Soviet Union attended. These 48 were the seed that grew into the branches of America's Airborne Infantry.

[[Image:Crew of 37mm. anti-tank gun, in training at Fort Benning, Georgia, clean and adjust their weapon. - NARA - 196275.jpg|thumb|The crew of a [[37 mm gun M3]] anti-tank gun, in training at Fort Benning, Georgia, April 1942]]
During [[World War II]] Fort Benning had {{convert|197,159| acre|abbr=on}} with [[billet]]ing space for 3,970 officers and 94,873 [[Enlisted rank|enlisted]] persons. Among many other units, Fort Benning was the home of the [[555th Parachute Infantry Battalion (United States)|555th Parachute Infantry Company]], whose training began in December 1943. The unit's formation was an important milestone for black Americans, as was explored in the first narrative history of the installation, ''Home of the Infantry''.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bunn|first=Michael J.|title=Home of the Infantry: The History of Fort Benning|journal=Georgia Historical Quarterly|volume=92|issue=2|pages=268–270|date=Summer 2008 |issn=0016-8297}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Stelpflug |first=Peggy A.|author2=Richard Hyatt |title=Home of the Infantry: The History of Fort Benning |publisher=[[Mercer University Press]] |year=2007 |location=Macon |pages=300–67 |isbn=978-0-88146-087-2}}</ref> The battalion, later expanded to become the [[555th Parachute Infantry Battalion]] and nicknamed the Triple Nickels, was trained at Fort Benning but did not deploy overseas and never saw combat during World War II.<ref name="82nd Recon History">{{Cite web|url=http://www.2ndarmoredhellonwheels.com/units/82ndrecon.html|title=82nd Recon History|website=www.2ndarmoredhellonwheels.com|access-date=13 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="cdmhost.com">{{cite web|url=http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/cdm/ref/collection/p4013coll8/id/3647|title=After action report 82nd Armored Recon Battalion, 2nd Armored Division, June 44 thru May 45.|work=cdmhost.com|access-date=19 July 2014|archive-date=26 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726232007/http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/cdm/ref/collection/p4013coll8/id/3647|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="unithistories.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.unithistories.com/units_index/default.asp?file=../units/2nd%20Arm.Div.asp|title=World War II unit histories & officers|work=unithistories.com}}</ref><ref name="militaryvetshop.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.militaryvetshop.com/History/2ndArmored.html|title=History of the 2nd Armored Division - Hell On Wheels|website=www.militaryvetshop.com|access-date=19 July 2014|archive-date=25 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141025180243/http://www.militaryvetshop.com/History/2ndArmored.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

During this period, the specialized duties of the Triple Nickels were primarily in a firefighting role, with over one thousand parachute jumps as [[smoke jumper]]s. The 555th was deployed to the [[Pacific Northwest]] of the United States in response to the concern that forest fires were being set by the Japanese military using long-range [[fire balloon|incendiary balloons]]. The [[82nd armored reconnaissance battalion|82nd Armored Reconnaissance Battalion]] was activated 15 July 1940, and trained at the Fort.<ref name="82nd Recon History"/><ref name="cdmhost.com"/><ref name="unithistories.com"/><ref name="militaryvetshop.com"/> The [[17th Armored Engineer Battalion]] became active and started training 15 July 1940.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/941UXRA.PDF |title=cgsc.edu American Armored Divisions 1941–1945 |access-date=22 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727011205/http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/941UXRA.PDF |archive-date=27 July 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== Racial killings ====
On 28 March 1941, the body of Private [[Felix Hall|Felix "Poss" Hall]] was found hanged in a shallow ravine near what is now Logan Avenue.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Digital Repository Service|first=Civil Rights and Restorative Justice|title=Felix Hall Case Summary|url=http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20263273|website=Northeastern University Library|hdl=2047/D20263273}}</ref> Born 1 January 1922, in [[Millbrook, Alabama]], he enlisted in the Army in August 1940. He was assigned to serve in the [[24th Infantry Regiment (United States)|24th Infantry Regiment]] at Fort Benning, an all-Black segregated unit formed after the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]. Two cousins and his best friend from Millbrook were also stationed at Fort Benning and bunked near him. Hall was known for being friendly and popular, and worked at the base sawmill. On 12 February he told his friends that he was headed to the post exchange for Black servicemen after his work shift. He was last seen alive around 4:00 p.m. in Block W, an all-white neighborhood between the mill and post exchange. He did not appear at bugle call the next morning, and was declared a deserter nearly a month after his disappearance.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Mills|first=Alexa|date=2 September 2016|title=A Lynching Kept Out of Sight|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/national/2016/09/02/the-story-of-the-only-known-lynching-on-a-u-s-military-base/}}</ref>

His body was found by soldiers on 28 March 1941, hanging against the edge of a ravine in a wooded area. His death was officially declared a homicide, although military officials speculated he had committed suicide.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last1=Fortin|first1=Jacey|last2=Mills|first2=Alexa|date=20 August 2021|title=Felix Hall, a Soldier Lynched at Fort Benning, Is Remembered After 80 Years|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/20/us/felix-hall-soldier-lynching-wwii.html}}</ref> A Fort Benning physician examined his body on 8 April and ruled it a homicide.<ref name=":0" /> A {{convert|0.25|in|mm|adj=on}} noose tied to a sapling was wrapped around his neck, his feet had been bound by baling wire and attached with a rope to other saplings, and his hands were tied behind him. The position of his feet indicated that he had attempted to pile dirt beneath his feet to help alleviate the pressure on his neck.<ref name=":1" />

His murder became widely reported in Black newspapers throughout the country, and the only known publicly available photograph of Felix was published in ''[[Pittsburgh Courier|The Pittsburgh Courier]]''.<ref name=":2" /> The FBI conducted a 17-month long investigation, but ultimately no one was charged for the murder of Hall.<ref name=":0" /> On 3 August 2021, the Army unveiled a marker in memory of Felix Hall at the site where he was last seen alive.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dickstein|first=Corey|date=3 August 2021|title=Fort Benning memorializes soldier lynched 80 years earlier at the post as Army acknowledges an injustice|work=The Stars and Stripes|url=https://www.stripes.com/branches/army/2021-08-03/fort-benning-lynching-felix-hall-memorial-army-2432500.html}}</ref> A memorial event was also held during the unveiling of his marker.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Winkie|first=Davis|date=3 August 2021|title=Fort Benning memorializes Black soldier lynched in 1941, as post awaits renaming effort|work=Army Times|url=https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2021/08/03/fort-benning-memorializes-black-soldier-lynched-80-years-ago-as-post-awaits-renaming-effort/}}</ref> His name is inscribed at the National Memorial for Peace and Justice.<ref>{{Cite web|title=National Memorial for Peace and Justice|date=31 October 2017 |url=https://museumandmemorial.eji.org/memorial}}</ref>

On 23 March 1941, Private Albert King, a Black serviceman, was killed by Sergeant Robert Lummus, who was White, following an altercation on a bus. After a night of drinking, King, Pfc. Lawrence Hoover, and their girlfriends, were riding on a bus around 3:30 am, back to their barracks. King was shouting and "cussing", according to the driver and other Black passengers. The driver stopped the bus near the Fort's gates and Sergeant Lummus, a [[Military Police]] motorcycle officer, boarded the bus. When Lummus tried to take King and Hoover off the bus, King ran out the front door, and Lummus hit Hoover with a [[Blackjack (weapon)|blackjack]].<ref name="Mills">{{Cite news|last=Mills|first=Alexa|date=28 May 2021|title=Albert King Is Not Forgotten|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/magazine/2021/05/28/albert-king-black-soldier-killed-1941-fort-benning/}}</ref>

After taking Hoover into custody, Lummus later found a Black soldier walking back toward the main post. Lummus approached King and threatened to arrest him. When King claimed that Lummus could not do so, Lummus shot King five times, killing him. During the trial, later that day, it was claimed that King had drawn a pocket knife when approached by Lummus, though Hoover denied that King had a pocket knife with him. Lummus was found not guilty of murder and transferred the next day to [[Fort Knox]].<ref name="Mills"/>

=== Cold War ===
At the start of the [[Korean War]] an Airborne Ranger Training Center was established by Colonel [[John G. Van Houten]] under the direction of General [[J. Lawton Collins]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.soc.mil/ARSOF_History/icons/houten.html|title=Major General John G. Van Houten|website=www.soc.mil|access-date=3 February 2020|archive-date=3 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203060629/https://www.soc.mil/ARSOF_History/icons/houten.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The [[4th Infantry Division (United States)|4th Infantry Division]], first of four divisions committed by the United States to the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]], reorganized and completed its basic training at Fort Benning (Sand Hill and Harmony Church areas) from October 1950 to May 1951, when it deployed to Germany for five years.

The [[United States Army Airborne School|Airborne School]] on Main Post has three 249-foot (76 m) drop towers called "Free Towers." They are used to train [[paratroopers]]. The towers were modeled after the parachute towers at the 1939 World's Fair in New York. Only three towers stand today; the fourth tower was toppled by a tornado on 14 March 1954.

During the spring of 1962 General [[Herbert B. Powell]], Commanding General, [[United States Army Forces Command|U.S. Continental Army Command]], directed that all instruction at the Infantry School after 1 July reflect [[Reorganization Objective Army Division]] structures.<ref>Maneuver and Firepower, Chapter 11</ref> Therefore, the Infantry School asked for permission to reorganize the [[1st Infantry Brigade (United States)|1st Infantry Brigade]] under a ROAD structure. Instead, the Army Staff decided to inactivate the [[Pentomic]]-structured brigade and replace it with a new ROAD unit, the 197th Infantry Brigade, which resolved a unit designation issue.

With the designation 1st Infantry Brigade slated to return to the [[1st Infantry Division (United States)|1st Infantry Division]] when it converted to ROAD, the existing unit at Fort Benning required a new title. The staff selected an infantry brigade number that had been associated with an Organized Reserve division that was no longer in the force. For the new ROAD brigade at Fort Benning, Georgia, the adjutant general on 1 August 1962, restored elements of the 99th Reconnaissance Troop, which thirty years earlier had been organized by consolidating infantry brigade headquarters and headquarters companies of the 99th Infantry Division, as Headquarters and Headquarters Companies, 197th and 198th Infantry Brigades.

[[Image:US Army 53641 CSA talks with Soldiers.jpg|thumb|right|[[Chief of Staff of the United States Army]] [[George W. Casey Jr.]] at Fort Benning in 2009]]
Fort Benning was the site of the [[Scout dog]] school of the United States during the [[Vietnam War]], where the dogs trained to detect ambushes in enemy terrain got their initial training, before being transferred to Vietnam for further advanced courses.<ref>{{cite news |last = Rubinstein |first = Wain |title = Enemy's Worst Enemy... |work = Danger Forward |date = June 1969 |url = http://www.qmfound.com/scout_dogs.htm |access-date = 17 June 2009 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090803142226/http://www.qmfound.com/scout_dogs.htm |archive-date = 3 August 2009 |df = mdy-all}}</ref>

Fort Benning also had an urban village, [[McKenna Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT) Site|McKenna Military Operations in Urban Terrain]], built by Army engineers for urban training of soldiers. It was used for live, virtual and constructive experimentation on soldier systems, weapons, and equipment. The site was approximately 200 meters square, and included 15 buildings resembling a European village. There was a church, small houses, domestic residences and office-style buildings.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mvrsimulation.com/products/terrain/urban/ftbenning.html|title=MVRsimulation Virtual Fort Benning, McKenna Urban Operations Training Site|last=MVRsimulation|website=www.MVRsimulation.com|access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref>

In 1984, following the signing of the [[Panama Canal Treaty]], the [[School of the Americas]] relocated from [[Fort Gulick]] ([[Panama]]) to Fort Benning.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCoy|first=Katherine E.|title=Trained to Torture? The Human Rights Effects of Military Training at the School of the Americas|journal=Latin American Perspectives |volume=32|issue=6|pages=47–64|doi=10.1177/0094582x05281113|year=2005|s2cid=144445783}}</ref> After criticism concerning human rights violations committed by a number of graduates in Latin America, the school was renamed ''Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation''.<ref name="SFGate2002">{{cite news |title=Bay Area protesters sentenced in Georgia |author=Bill Wallace |author2=Jim Houston |url=http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Bay-Area-protesters-sentenced-in-Georgia-Jail-2796779.php |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=13 July 2002 |access-date=12 August 2012}}</ref>

=== 2024 missing weapons incident ===
31 [[SIG Sauer M17|M17]] pistols, [[ENVG]]s and a [[Thermography|thermal optic]] were reported stolen<ref>{{Cite web |last=Beynon |first=Steve |date=2024-11-22 |title=Army Offers $15,000 Reward for Info on Missing Guns and Other Gear at Fort Moore |url=https://www.military.com/daily-news/2024/11/22/army-offers-15000-reward-info-missing-guns-and-other-gear-fort-moore.html |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Military.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-22 |title=Army Offers $15,000 Reward for Info on Missing Guns and Other Gear at Fort Moore |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/army-offers-15-000-reward-190237327.html |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=Yahoo News}}</ref> from Fort Moore's central armory. The Army's [[United States Army Criminal Investigation Division|Criminal Investigation Division]] (CID) has offered a $15,000 reward for information leading to the recovery of the stolen items.[[File:Fort Benning, Georgia Home of the Infantry - DPLA - fc87bf3be417347333ab0e59d3628bea.pdf|thumb|upright|alt=A pamphlet describing Fort Benning.|Fort Benning, Georgia Home of the Infantry]]

===Commanding generals===
*Colonel Henry E. Eames Oct 1918 – Apr 1919<ref>Maneuver Center Of Excellence Hall of Portraits, Fort Moore, GA</ref>
*Major General [[Charles S. Farnsworth]] Apr 1919 – Jul 1920
*Major General Walter H. Gordon Sep 1920 – Nov 1923
*Brigadier General [[Briant H. Wells]] Nov 1923 – Mar 1926
*Brigadier General [[Edgar T. Collins]] Mar 1926 – May 1929
*Major General [[Campbell King]] May 1929 – May 1933
*Brigadier General George H. Estes Sep 1933 – Sep 1936
*Brigadier General Asa L. Singleton Oct 1936 – Aug 1940
*Brigadier General [[Courtney H. Hodges]] Oct 1940 – Mar 1941
*Brigadier General [[Omar N. Bradley]] Mar 1941 – Feb 1942
*Major General Leven C. Allen Feb 1942 – Sep 1943
*Major General [[Charles Hartwell Bonesteel Jr.]] Sep 1943 – Jun 1944
*Major General Fred L. Walker Jul 1944 – Jul 1945
*Major General [[John W. O'Daniel]] Jul 1945 – June 1948
*Major General [[Withers A. Burress]] Jul 1948 – Jan 1951
*Major General John H. Church Mar 1951 – May 1952
*Major General [[Robert Nicholas Young]] Jun 1952 – Jan 1953
*Major General [[Guy S. Meloy Jr.]] Jan 1953 – June 1954
*Major General Joseph H. Harper Jun 1954 – May 1956
*Major General George E. Lynch May 1956 – Aug 1956
*Major General [[Herbert B. Powell]] Aug 1956 – Apr 1958
*Major General Paul L. Freeman May 1958 – Apr 1960
*Major General Hugh P. Harris Apr 1960 – Jul 1961
*Major General Ben Harrell Aug 1961 – Feb 1963
*Major General [[Charles W. G. Rich]] Feb 1963 – Aug 1964
*Major General [[John A. Heintges]] Aug 1964 – Jul 1965
*Major General [[Robert H. York]] Jul 1965 – Jul 1967
*Major General [[John M. Wright]] Jul 1967 – May 1969
*Major General [[George I. Forsythe]] May 1969 – Aug 1969
*Major General [[Orwin C. Talbott]] Sep 1969 – Feb 1973
*Major General [[Thomas M. Tarpley]] Feb 1973 – Aug 1975
*Major General Willard Latham Aug 1975 – Jul 1977
*Major General William J. Livsey Jul 1977 – Apr 1979
*Major General [[David E. Grange Jr.]] Jun 1979 – Aug 1981
*Major General RL "Sam" Wetzel Aug 1981 – Jul 1983
*Major General James J. Lindsay Jul 1983 – Mar 1984
*Major General [[John W. Foss]] Mar 1984 – Jan 1986
*Major General Edwin H. Burba Jr. Jan 1986 – Jun 1987
*Major General Kenneth C. Leuer Jun 1987 – Sep 1988
*Major General Michael F. Spigelmire Sep 1988 – Jun 1990
*Major General Carmen J. Cavezza Jun 1990 – Oct 1991
*Major General Jerry A. White Oct 1991 – Sept 1994
*Major General John W. Hendrik Sep 1994 – Jul 1996
*Major General Carl F. Ernst Jul 1996 – Sep 1999
*Major General John M. Le Moyne Sep 1999 – Oct 2001
*Major General Paul D. Eaton Oct 2001 – Jun 2003
*Major General [[Benjamin Freakley|Benjamin C. Freakley]] Jul 2003 – Aug 2005
*Major General [[Walter Wojdakowski]] Aug 2005 – Nov 2008
*Major General [[Michael D. Barbero]] Nov 2008 – Jun 2009
*Major General [[Michael Ferriter]] Jun 2009 – Nov 2010
*Major General Robert B. Brown Nov 2010 – Jun 2012
*Major General [[H.R. McMaster]] Jun 2012 – July 2014
*Major General [[Austin S. Miller]] July 2014 – March 2016
*Major General [[Eric J. Wesley]] March 2016 - March 2018
*Major General [[Gary Brito|Gary M. Brito]] March 2018 – July 2020
*Major General [[Patrick J. Donahoe]] July 2020 - July 2022
*Major General [[Curtis A. Buzzard]] July 2022 - July 2024
*Major General [[Colin P. Tuley]] July 2024 – present

==Post information==
Portions of Fort Benning are in [[Muscogee County, Georgia|Muscogee]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dot.ga.gov:443/DriveSmart/MapsData/Documents/CountyMaps/Muscogee.pdf|title=General Highway Map Muscogee County|publisher=[[Georgia Department of Transportation]]|access-date=2024-09-26}}</ref> [[Chattahoochee County, Georgia|Chattahoochee]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dot.ga.gov:443/DriveSmart/MapsData/Documents/CountyMaps/Chattahoochee.pdf|title=General Highway Map Chattahoochee County|publisher=[[Georgia Department of Transportation]]|access-date=2024-09-26}}</ref> and [[Marion County, Georgia|Marion]] counties in Georgia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dot.ga.gov/DriveSmart/MapsData/Documents/CountyMaps/Marion.pdf|title=General Highway Map Marion County|publisher=[[Georgia Department of Transportation]]|access-date=2024-09-26}}</ref> Additionally, portions of Fort Benning are in [[Russell County, Alabama]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st01_al/county/c01113_russell/DC20BLK_C01113.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Russell County, AL|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-09-26}} - "Ft Benning" label on the Alabama side is on page 17 (PDF p. 18/32).</ref> Muscogee County is a consolidated city-county with [[Columbus, Georgia|Columbus]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st13_ga/place/p1319000_columbus/DC20BLK_P1319000.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP (INDEX): Columbus city, GA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-09-26}} - This 2024 map displays Fort Moore's pre-2025 name, "Fort Benning."</ref> and Chattahoochee County is a consolidated city-county with [[Cusseta, Georgia|Cusseta]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/DC20BLK/st13_ga/place/p1321017_cusseta-chattahoochee_county/DC20BLK_P1321017.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP (INDEX): Cusseta-Chattahoochee County unified government, GA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-09-26}} - This 2024 map displays Fort Moore's pre-2025 name, "Fort Benning."</ref>

There are four main [[cantonment]] areas on Fort Benning:{{Citation needed|reason=No source for this claim is provided.|date=March 2025}} Main Post, Kelley Hill, Sand Hill, and Harmony Church.

===Main Post===
Main Post houses various garrison and smaller [[FORSCOM]] units of Fort Benning{{Citation needed|date=March 2025|reason=}} such as 14th Combat Support Hospital and 11th Engineer Battalion FORSCOM as well as a number of [[United States Army Training and Doctrine Command|TRADOC]]-related tenants, e.g. the [[Officer Candidate School (U.S. Army)|Officer Candidate School]], the Non-Commissioned Officers Academy, and the [[Airborne School]]. McGinnis-Wickham Hall (formerly known as Infantry Hall) is the post headquarters and Maneuver Center of Excellence. Adjacent is the [[Ranger Memorial]] and the [[National Infantry Museum]]. The [[United States Army Infantry School|Army Infantry School]] conducts its graduations on [[Daniel Inouye|Inouye Field]], sprinkled with soil from the battlegrounds of Yorktown, Antietam, Soissons, Normandy, Corregidor, Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Milzarski |first1=Eric |title=The soil new infantrymen walk on is bloodied from every American war |url=https://www.wearethemighty.com/history/the-soil-new-infantrymen-walk-on-is-bloodied-from-every-american-war |website=We Are The Mighty |date=27 December 2017}}</ref>

===Kelley Hill===

The 197th Infantry Brigade was located on Kelley Hill in the 1970s and early 1980s

Kelley Hill formerly housed the 3rd Brigade Combat Team of the [[3rd Infantry Division (United States)|3rd Infantry Division]] (Mechanized), the parent unit of two combined arms battalions; [[15th Infantry Regiment (United States)|1st Battalion, 15th Infantry Regiment]], [[69th Armor Regiment (United States)|2nd Battalion, 69th Armor Regiment]], as well as [[1st Cavalry Regiment (United States)|3rd Squadron, 1st Cavalry Regiment]], [[10th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|1st Battalion, 10th Field Artillery Regiment]], and two support battalions; the 203rd Brigade Support Battalion and the Special Troops Battalion, 3rd BCT. Included in the roster was the 179th Military Intelligence Detachment.

Between 11 December 2015, and 15 December 2015, the 3rd BCT's six subordinate battalions performed inactivation ceremonies on Sledgehammer Field. On 16 December 2015, 1st Battalion, [[28th Infantry Regiment]] Task Force (or Task Force 1-28) was activated in its place. Task Force 1-28 is a 1053-member unit "made up of selected soldiers from the six inactivated battalions that formed the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division".<ref>{{cite news |last = Wright |first = Ben |title = 1st Battalion, 28th Infantry Regiment Task Force activated |newspaper = Columbus Ledger-Enquirer |date = 15 December 2015 |url = http://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/local/military/article50196785.html#storylink=cpy |access-date = 3 February 2017}}</ref>

[[File:Folder of souvenir postcards of Columbus and Fort Benning, Georgia - DPLA - 890fe4e506bc665770581c4106061be4.pdf|thumb|alt=Postcard of Souvenir Folder of Columbus and Fort Benning Georgia|Folder of souvenir postcards of Columbus and Fort Benning, Georgia]]

===Sand Hill===
Sand Hill is the primary location of the [[198th Infantry Brigade (United States)|198th Infantry Brigade]] and 197th Infantry Brigade responsible for training Infantry One Station Unit Training (OSUT). Its units include the following:

*1st Battalion, 19th Infantry Regiment
*2d Battalion, 19th Infantry Regiment
*2d Battalion, 29th Infantry Regiment
*1st Battalion, 46th Infantry Regiment
*2d Battalion, 47th Infantry Regiment
*3d Battalion, 47th Infantry Regiment
*3d Battalion, 54th Infantry Regiment
*1st Battalion, 50th Infantry Regiment
*2d Battalion, 54th Infantry Regiment
*2d Battalion, 58th Infantry Regiment
*30th AG Battalion (Reception)

[[File:Fort Benning "Home of the Infantry" - DPLA - 3355dd20d4813c55ecac05b2a8c894e9.pdf|thumb|alt=A pamphlet describing Fort Benning.|Fort Benning, "Home of the Infantry"]]

===Harmony Church===
Harmony Church area houses the [[194th Armored Brigade (United States)|194th Armored Brigade]], 316th Cavalry Brigade [[United States Army Armor School|Armor School]] and the first phase of [[Ranger School]], 4th Ranger Training Battalion (ARTB). After the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) Commission's decision to create the Maneuver Center of Excellence (MCoE), Harmony Church is now the new home of the [[United States Army Armor School|Armor School]].

==Command group==
[[File:MCoE shoulder patch.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Shoulder patch]]
Current command team as at March 8, 2025:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://home.army.mil/benning/About/leadership |title=Leadership |publisher=U.S. Army Fort Benning |access-date=2025-03-09}}</ref>

* Commanding general, U.S. Army MCoE: Major General Colin Tuley
* Command Sergeant Major, U.S. Army MCoE: Command Sergeant Major Jerry L. Dodson<ref name="benning.army.mil">{{cite web|url=https://www.benning.army.mil/Leaders/CSM-Dodson.html|title=Command Sergeant Major Jerry L. Dodson|website=www.benning.army.mil}}</ref>
* Commandant, [[United States Army Infantry School|U.S. Army Infantry School]]: Brigadier General Phillip Kiniery
* Command Sergeant Major, U.S. Army Infantry School: Command Sergeant Major Jason P. Dein
* Commandant, [[United States Army Armor School|U.S. Army Armor School]]: Brigadier General Chad Chalfont
* Command sergeant major, U.S. Army Armor School: Command Sergeant Major Waylon D. Petty
* Fort Benning Garrison Commander: Colonel Jerel D. Evans<ref>[https://home.army.mil/benning/About/leadership/garrison-commander army.mil]{{dead link|date=April 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
* Fort Benning Garrison Command Sergeant Major: Command Sergeant Major Martin J Arguello<ref>[https://home.army.mil/benning/About/leadership/garrison-csm army.mil]</ref>

===Units and tenant units===
* [[194th Armored Brigade (United States)|194th Armored Brigade]], [[United States Army Training and Doctrine Command|TRADOC]]
** 1st Battalion, [[81st Armor Regiment (United States)|81st Armor Regiment]]
** 2nd Squadron, [[15th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|15th Cavalry Regiment]]
** 5th Squadron, 15th Cavalry Regiment
** 30th AG Reception Battalion, TRADOC
* [[316th Cavalry Brigade]], TRADOC
** 1st Squadron, [[16th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|16th Cavalry Regiment]]
** 3rd Squadron, 16th Cavalry Regiment ([[United States Army Reconnaissance and Surveillance Leaders Course|Reconnaissance and Surveillance Leaders Course (RSLC)]])
** 1st Battalion, [[29th Infantry Regiment (United States)|29th Infantry Regiment]]
*[[197th Infantry Brigade (United States)|197th Infantry Brigade]], TRADOC
** 1st Battalion, 46th Infantry Regiment
** 2nd Battalion, 29th Infantry Regiment
** 2nd Battalion, 47th Infantry Regiment
** 3rd Battalion, 47th Infantry Regiment
** 3rd Battalion, [[54th Infantry Regiment (United States)|54th Infantry Regiment]]
* [[198th Infantry Brigade (US)|198th Infantry Brigade]], TRADOC
** 1st Battalion, [[19th Infantry Regiment (United States)|19th Infantry Regiment]]
** 2nd Battalion, 19th Infantry Regiment
** 1st Battalion, [[50th Infantry Regiment (United States)|50th Infantry Regiment]]
** 2nd Battalion, [[54th Infantry Regiment (United States)|54th Infantry Regiment]]
** 2nd Battalion, [[58th Infantry Regiment (United States)|58th Infantry Regiment]]
* [[199th Infantry Brigade (United States)|199th Infantry Brigade]], TRADOC
** 2nd Battalion, [[11th Infantry Regiment (United States)|11th Infantry Regiment]] (Infantry Basic Officer Leadership Course (IBOLC))
** 3rd Battalion, 11th Infantry Regiment (Officer Candidate School)
** 2nd Squadron, [[16th Cavalry Regiment (United States)|16th Cavalry Regiment]] (Armor Basic Officer Leadership Course (ABOLC))
** 3rd Battalion, [[81st Armor Regiment (United States)|81st Armor Regiment]] (Provost Battalion, IMSO and MCoE Band)
** Henry Caro Noncommissioned Officer Academy (NCOA)
*** Maneuver Senior Leaders Course (M-SLC)
*** Advanced Leaders Course (Infantry) (IN-ALC)
*** Advanced Leaders Course (Armor) (AR-ALC)
*** Warrior Leader Course (WLC)
** Command and Tactics Directorate (CATD)
* [[Airborne and Ranger School|Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade (ARTB)]], TRADOC
** 4th Ranger Training Battalion
** Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), [[507th Parachute Infantry Regiment]] (Jumpmaster School)
** Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 507th Parachute Infantry Regiment [[United States Army Pathfinder School|Pathfinder School]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.benning.army.mil/infantry/199th/airborne/pathfinder.htm|title=Pathfinder|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017095203/https://www.benning.army.mil/infantry/199th/airborne/pathfinder/|archive-date=17 October 2012}}</ref>
** 1st Battalion, 507th Parachute Infantry Regiment (Airborne School)
** Silver Wings Command Exhibition Parachute Demonstration Team
* Task Force 1st Battalion, [[28th Infantry Regiment (United States)|28th Infantry Regiment]] ([[FORSCOM]]) [[48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States)|48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team]] (associate unit)
* 14th Combat Support Hospital, [[44th MEDCOM]]
* 11th Engineer Battalion
** HHC Engineer Company
** FSC Engineer Company
** 60th Engineer Company
** 63rd Engineer Company
** 362nd Engineer Company
* [[Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation]], TRADOC
* [[75th Ranger Regiment (United States)|75th Ranger Regiment]], ([[U.S. Army Special Operations Command|USASOC]])
** [[3rd Ranger Battalion]]
** [[Regimental Special Troops Battalion]] (RSTB)
** [[Regimental Military Intelligence Battalion]] (RMIB)
* Martin Army Community Hospital, [[AMEDD]]
* Love Dental Clinic, DENTAC, [[United States Army Dental Command]]
* [[United States Army Marksmanship Unit|U.S. Army Marksmanship Unit]], [[United States Army Accessions Command|(USAAC)]]
* [[17th Air Support Operations Squadron]] (18th ASOG), [[USAF]]

[[File:MCoE Seal.jpg|120px]]

==Armor School move==
Fort Benning was selected by the [[Base Realignment and Closing Commission]] to be the home of the new '''Maneuver Center of Excellence''' (MCoE). This realignment co-located the United States Army Armor Center and School,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.army.mil/article/59527/Final_units_depart_Fort_Knox_Armor_School/|title=Final units depart Fort Knox Armor School|author=Maureen Rose|date=13 June 2011|work=army.mil}}</ref> formerly located at [[Fort Knox]], Kentucky, with the Infantry Center and School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.army.mil/article/29202/activation-ceremony-formally-links-infantry-armor-under-new-command-at-fort-benning/|title=Activation ceremony formally links Infantry, Armor under new command at Fort Benning|author=Vince Little, The Bayonet|date=22 October 2009|work=army.mil}}</ref> This transformation was completed September 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fortbenningandthevalley.com/documents/BRAC-related+Growth+Update+OCT+08.pdf|title=Fort Benning and the Valley – Home – Welcome to the Chattahoochee Valley|website=fortbenningandthevalley.com}}</ref>

==Education==
[[File:Herbert J. Dexter School.webp|thumb|Herbert J. Dexter Elementary School]]
The [[Department of Defense Education Activity]] (DoDEA) operates on-base schools for Fort Benning children:<ref name=SchoolsonFortBenning>{{cite web|url=https://www.dodea.edu/Americas/southeast/FortBenning/index.cfm|title=Fort Benning Schools|publisher=[[Department of Defense Education Activity]]|access-date=4 July 2022}} - The document states that the county schools have high school zoning.</ref>
* Faith Middle School
* Herbert J. Dexter Elementary School
* McBride Elementary School
* Stowers Elementary School
* White Elementary School

High school students attend local public high schools operated by county governments.<ref name=SchoolsonFortBenning/> The portion in [[Muscogee County, Georgia|Muscogee County]] is zoned to high schools of [[Muscogee County Schools]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st13_ga/schooldistrict_maps/c13215_muscogee/DC20SD_C13215.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Muscogee County, GA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=4 July 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st13_ga/schooldistrict_maps/c13215_muscogee/DC20SD_C13215_SD2MS.txt Text list] - "Fort Benning Schools" refers to the DoDEA schools on Fort Moore. The document states that the county schools have high school zoning.</ref> The portion in Chattahoochee County is zoned to [[Chattahoochee County School District|Chattahoochee County Schools]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st13_ga/schooldistrict_maps/c13053_chattahoochee/DC20SD_C13053.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Chattahoochee County, GA|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=4 July 2022}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st13_ga/schooldistrict_maps/c13053_chattahoochee/DC20SD_C13053_SD2MS.txt Text list] - "Fort Benning Schools" refers to the DoDEA schools on Fort Moore. The document states that the county schools have high school zoning.</ref>

Any Fort Benning pupil, however, may attend Muscogee County schools if their parents wish, as per House Bill 224.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.muscogee.k12.ga.us/News/Article/63/Fort_Benning_Transfer_FBT_Applications_Available_July_1|title=Fort Benning Transfer (FBT) Applications Available July 1|publisher=Muscogee County School District|access-date=4 July 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[17th Armored Engineer Battalion]]
{{clear}}

==Notes and references==
{{notelist}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Fort Benning}}
* {{official website|http://home.army.mil/benning/}}
* [http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-822&sug=y Fort Moore at www.georgiaencyclopedia.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116010310/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-822&sug=y |date=16 November 2007}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090425222944/http://www.forscom.army.mil/ FORSCOM homepage] official site
* [http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/chattahoochee/post-headquarters-jag Post Headquarters - JAG] historical marker
* [http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/chattahoochee/the-infantry-board-side-1 The Infantry Board] historical marker

{{Template group
|title = Articles related to Fort Benning
|list =
{{US Army navbox}}
{{TRADOC}}
{{Muscogee County, Georgia}}
{{Columbus, Georgia}}
{{Columbus Auburn Opelika}}
{{GAMilitary}}
}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Benning}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Chattahoochee County, Georgia]]
[[Category:Columbus, Georgia]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Muscogee County, Georgia]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Russell County, Alabama]]
[[Category:United States Army posts]]
[[Category:Training installations of the United States Army]]
[[Category:Forts in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Columbus metropolitan area, Georgia]]
[[Category:Civilian Conservation Corps in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Civilian Conservation Corps in Alabama]]
[[Category:Populated places in Muscogee County, Georgia]]
[[Category:Georgia populated places on the Chattahoochee River]]
[[Category:Military installations established in 1909]]
[[Category:1909 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)]]
[[Category:Military installations in Georgia (U.S. state)]]