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Nicaraguan córdoba

2025-11-03T22:11:36Z

2601:C6:C481:350:65E2:F834:A497:C851: /* AnchorThird córdoba (córdoba oro) */

{{Short description|Currency of Nicaragua}}
{{More citations needed|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox currency
| local_name1 = {{nobold|Córdoba nicaragüense}}
| local_name_lang1 = es
| image_1 = Nicaragua 1 Cordoba banknote of 1941.jpg
| image_title_1 = 1 córdoba banknote issued in 1941, displaying the daughter of [[Anastasio Somoza García]]<ref>[https://www.worldbanknotescoins.com/2011/03/nicaragua-banknotes-1-cordoba-banknote.html Nicaragua banknotes 1 Cordoba bank note 1941 Indian girl]</ref>
| image_2 =
| image_title_2 = Córdoba coins, otherwise known as cents. These coins have replaced the old ''centavos'' banknotes. Their denominations vary from 2 córdobas to 5 córdoba cents.
| iso_code = NIO
| iso_comment = before 1991: {{ISO 4217|NIC}}
| using_countries = [[Nicaragua]]
| inflation_rate = 0.87% (2025)<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2024/01/12/nicaragua-registro-una-inflacion-del-56-en-2023/ Nicaragua registró una inflación del 5,6 % en 2023]</ref>
| inflation_source_date =
|date_of_introduction=1912<ref>[https://www.bcn.gob.ni/billetes-y-monedas/rese%C3%B1a-hist%C3%B3rica-de-la-moneda-nacional Reseña Histórica de la Moneda Nacional]</ref>
| replaced_currency = [[Nicaraguan peso]]
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = [[centavo]]
| symbol = C$
| used_coins = 10, 25, 50 centavos, C$1, C$5, C$10
| rarely_used_coins = 5 Centavos, 10 Cordobas
| used_banknotes = C$10, C$20, C$50, C$100, C$200, C$500, C$1000
| issuing_authority = [[Central Bank of Nicaragua]]
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|www.bcn.gob.ni}}
}}

The '''córdoba''' ({{IPA|es|'koɾ.ðo.βa}}, [[currency sign|sign]]: '''C$'''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''NIO''') is the [[currency]] of [[Nicaragua]] and is divided into 100 ''centavos''.

== History ==
The first córdoba was introduced with the new National Bank of Nicaragua (Banco Nacional de Nicaragua Incorporado) which was created in 1912, after which the government of Adolfo Díaz promulgated the Monetary Conversion Law, in March 1912. This law created the monetary unit "córdoba", named after [[Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (founder of Nicaragua)|Francisco Hernández de Córdoba]], founder of Nicaragua and the cities of [[León, Nicaragua|León]] and [[Granada, Nicaragua|Granada]], but due to the prevailing political instability at that time, the córdoba did not circulate until 1913. It replaced the [[Nicaraguan peso|peso moneda corriente]], the Nicaraguan currency between 1878 and 1912.<ref name="bcn">{{Cite web|url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/billetes-y-monedas/rese%C3%B1a-hist%C3%B3rica-de-la-moneda-nacional|title=Reseña histórica de la moneda nacional|language=es|website=Banco Central de Nicaragua|access-date=19 January 2025}}</ref>

In 1960 the Central Bank of Nicaragua (BCN) was founded and the banknotes and coins that until that date were issued by the National Bank of Nicaragua, began to be issued by the central bank.<ref name="bcn"></ref>

From 1979 onwards, a period characterised by high inflation began, which caused the currency to lose value and led to the currency exchange and conversion operation of 14 February 1988, in which the córdoba, under the [[Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional|Sandinista regime's]] "Operation Berta" (Operación Berta), was replaced by the "new córdoba" (córdoba nuevo) at an exchange rate of 1,000 to 1. In the period 1988-1990, the period of high inflation continued, which led to the córdoba nuevo being replaced by the córdoba oro, with parity against the US dollar. In 1992, the "córdoba" was established and persists to this day.<ref name="bcn"></ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nicaraguainvestiga.com/memoria/62377-la-evolucion-del-cordoba-en-nicaragua/|title=Del cacao al córdoba. Así fue evolución de la moneda en Nicaragua|website=Nicaragua Investiga|language=es|access-date=19 January 2025}}</ref>

== Coins ==

=== {{anchor|NIC}}First córdoba ===
[[File:Córdobas del perido de la Revolución Sandinista.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Various coins after the FSLN took power in 1979]]
In 1912, coins were introduced in denominations of {{frac|1|2}}, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 centavos and 1 córdoba. The {{frac|1|2}} and 1 centavo were minted in bronze, the 5 centavos in cupro-nickel and the higher denominations in silver. The 1 córdoba was only minted in 1912, whilst {{frac|1|2}} centavo production ceased in 1937.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

In 1939, cupro-nickel replaced silver on the 10, 25, and 50 centavos. In 1943, a single year issue of brass 1, 5, 10, and 25 centavos was made. These were the last 1 centavo coins. In 1972, cupro-nickel 1 córdoba coins were issued, followed, in 1974, by aluminium 5 and 10 centavos.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

[[File:Un córdoba de 1984.jpg|thumb|right|200px|1 córdoba coin from the [[Nicaraguan Revolution]] depicting [[Augusto César Sandino]]]]
A new series of coins, featuring a portrait of [[Augusto César Sandino]], was introduced in 1981, consisting of aluminum 5 and 10 centavos, nickel-clad steel 25 centavos and cupro-nickel 50 centavos, 1 and 5 córdobas. Nickel clad steel replaced cupro nickel between 1983 and 1984. In 1987, the final coins of the 1st córdoba were issued, featuring Sandino's characteristic hat. Aluminum 500 córdobas were issued.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

The 25 and 50 centavo coins, along with 1 córdoba coins, minted in 1985 were mostly recalled and destroyed by the Central Bank. A few of the 1 córdoba were circulated as seen.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

=== Second córdoba ===

No coins were issued for this currency.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

=== {{anchor|NIO}}Third córdoba (córdoba oro) ===

In 1991, coins dated 1987 but actually introduced with that year's re-denomination, in denominations of 5, 10, and 25 centavos and aluminum-bronze 50 centavos. 1 and 5 córdobas were issued.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

In 1994, coins were issued in denominations of 5, 10, 25, and 50 centavos. All were minted in chrome-plated steel. In 1997, nickel-clad steel 50 centavos, 1 and 5 córdobas were introduced, followed by copper-plated steel 5 centavos and brass-plated steel 10 and 25 centavos in 2002 and brass-plated steel 10 córdobas in 2007.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''1994 Series'''
|- style="text-align:center; border-bottom:2px solid gray;" bgcolor="lightsteelblue"
! Value(₡)
! Years
! Composition
! Shape
! Diameter
!Weight
! Obverse
! Reverse
!Image
|-
|'''5 Centavos'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 5 Centavos de Córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-5-centavos-de-c%C3%B3rdoba |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
| rowspan="4" |1994
| rowspan="4" |Chromium plated Steel
| rowspan="4" |Circular
|15 mm
|2.1 g
| rowspan="4" |National coat of arms
| rowspan="4" |Dove over map of Nicaragua with date and value below
|
|-
|'''10 Centavos'''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 10 Centavos de Córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-10-centavos-de-c%C3%B3rdoba |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
|17 mm
|2.68 g
|
|-
|'''25 Centavos'''<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 25 Centavos de Córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-25-centavos-de-c%C3%B3rdoba |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
|19 mm
|3.86 g
|
|-
|'''50 Centavos'''<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 50 Centavos de Córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-50-centavos-de-c%C3%B3rdoba |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
|22 mm
|4.6 g
|
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''1997 Series'''
|- style="text-align:center; border-bottom:2px solid gray;" bgcolor="lightsteelblue"
! Value(₡)
! Years
! Composition
! Shape
! Diameter
!Weight
! Obverse
! Reverse
!Image
|-
|'''50 Centavos'''<ref name=":3" />
|1997
| rowspan="3" |Nickel clad Steel
| rowspan="3" |Circular
|22 mm
|5 g
| rowspan="3" |National coat of arms
| rowspan="3" |Face value and date
|
|-
|'''1 Córdoba'''<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 1 Córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-1-c%C3%B3rdoba |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" |1997, 2000
|25 mm
|6.25 g
|
|-
|'''5 Córdobas'''<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 5 Córdobas |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-5-c%C3%B3rdobas |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
|28 mm
|7.8 g
|
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''2002 Series'''
|- style="text-align:center; border-bottom:2px solid gray;" bgcolor="lightsteelblue"
! Value(₡)
! Years
! Composition
! Shape
! Diameter
!Weight
! Obverse
! Reverse
!Image
|-
|'''5 Centavos'''<ref name=":0" />
| rowspan="2" |2002
|Copper plated Steel
| rowspan="4" |Circular
|18.5 mm
|3 g
| rowspan="4" |National coat of arms
| rowspan="4" |Face value and date
|
|-
|'''10 Centavos'''<ref name=":1" />
| rowspan="2" |Brass plated Steel
|20.5 mm
|4 g
|
|-
|'''25 Centavos'''<ref name=":2" />
|2002, 2003, 2007
|23.25 mm
|5.1 g
|
|-
|'''1 Córdoba'''<ref name=":4" />
|2002, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014
|Nickel clad Steel
|25 mm
|6.25 g
|[[File:Nicaraguan_córdoba.png|frameless|205px]]
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''2007 Series'''
|- style="text-align:center; border-bottom:2px solid gray;" bgcolor="lightsteelblue"
! Value(₡)
! Years
! Composition
! Shape
! Diameter
!Weight
! Obverse
! Reverse
!Image
|-
|'''10 Centavos'''<ref name=":1" />
|2007, 2012, 2015
|Aluminium
| rowspan="5" |Circular
|20.5 mm
|1.4 g
| rowspan="5" |National coat of arms
| rowspan="4" |Face value and date
|
|-
|'''25 Centavos'''<ref name=":2" />
| rowspan="3" |2007, 2014
|Brass plated Steel
|23.25 mm
|5.1 g
|
|-
|'''50 Centavos'''<ref name=":3" />
| rowspan="2" |Nickel clad Steel
|22 mm
|5 g
|
|-
|'''5 Córdobas'''<ref name=":5" />
|28 mm
|7.8 g
|
|-
|'''10 Córdobas'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Moneda de 10 Córdobas |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda-de-10-c%C3%B3rdobas |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
|2007
|Brass plated Steel
|26.5 mm
|8.5 g
|Statue of Andrés Castro with face value, date, and latent image
|
|}
In 2012, the Central Bank issued a 5 Córdobas coin to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the introduction of the Córdoba.<ref name=":5" />
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+2022 '''Series'''
|- style="text-align:center; border-bottom:2px solid gray;" bgcolor="lightsteelblue"
! Value(₡)
! Years
! Composition
! Shape
! Diameter
!Weight
! Obverse
! Reverse
!Image
|-
|'''25 Centavos'''<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |orig-date=02/06/2023 |title=BCN informa sobre nueva emisión de monedas de 5 córdobas, 50 centavos y 25 centavos de córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/divulgacion-prensa/bcn-informa-sobre-nueva-emisi%C3%B3n-de-monedas-de-5-c%C3%B3rdobas-50-centavos-y-25 |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
| rowspan="4" |2022
|Aluminium
| rowspan="4" |Circular
|N/a
|N/a
| rowspan="4" |National coat of arms
| rowspan="4" |Face value and date
|
|-
|'''50 Centavos'''<ref name=":6" />
| rowspan="3" |Stainless Steel
|N/a
|N/a
|
|-
|'''1 Córdoba'''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-24 |title=BCN informa sobre nueva emisión de monedas de 1 córdoba |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/divulgacion-prensa/bcn-informa-sobre-nueva-emisi%C3%B3n-de-monedas-de-1-c%C3%B3rdoba |access-date=2023-09-21}}</ref>
|N/a
|6 g
|
|-
|'''5 Córdobas'''<ref name=":6" />
|N/a
|N/a
|
|}

== Banknotes ==

=== First córdoba ===
In 1912, the National Bank of Nicaragua introduced notes for 10, 25, and 50 centavos, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 córdobas, together with old half- and 1-peso moneda corriente notes overprinted for 4 and 8 centavos of the new currency. In 1934, all circulating banknotes were exchanged for notes which had been overprinted with "REVALIDO" ("revalidated"). The last notes for less than 1 córdoba were dated 1938. In 1945, 500-córdoba notes were introduced, followed by 1,000-córdoba notes in 1953.

[[File:nicar-currency-inflated.jpg|thumb|A 1,000-córdoba banknote, which was reprinted with a value of 200,000 córdobas during the inflationary period of the late 1980s.]]
In 1962, the [[Banco Central de Nicaragua|Central Bank of Nicaragua]] took over paper money issuance by a bank resolution of 8 February 1962 and executive decree No. 71 of 26 April 1962.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Linzmayer | first1 = Owen | title = The Banknote Book | chapter = Nicaragua | publisher = www.BanknoteNews.com | year = 2012 | location = San Francisco, CA | url = http://www.banknotebook.com}}</ref> The 1-córdoba notes were replaced by coins in 1972. After 5-córdoba coins were introduced in 1981, 2 and 5-córdoba notes were withdrawn. In 1987, 5000-córdoba notes were introduced, followed by overprinted 10,000 (on 10), 20,000 (on 20), 50,000 (on 50), 100,000 (on 100), 100,000 (on 500), 200,000 (on 1,000), 500,000 (on 1,000), and 1,000,000 (on 1,000) córdobas notes as inflation drastically reduced the córdoba's value.

=== Second córdoba ===
The second córdoba was only issued in banknote form. Notes (dated 1985) were issued in 1988 in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 córdobas together with undated 5000 córdobas. In 1989, notes for 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, and 100,000 córdobas were introduced, followed the next year by 200,000, 500,000, 1 million, 5 million, and 10 million córdobas notes.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

=== Third córdoba (córdoba oro) ===
[[File:Франсиско Эрнандеса де Кордоба.jpg|thumb|right|upright=0.7|1991 córdobas with conquistador [[Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (founder of Nicaragua)|Hernández de Córdoba]]]]
In 1991, notes were introduced for 1, 5, 10, and 25 centavos, {{frac|1|2}}, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 córdobas. The notes below 1 córdoba were replaced by coins in 1994, with 5 córdobas notes also being replaced in 1997. 500 córdobas notes were introduced in 2002.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

Famous people from Nicaragua's history are depicted on the obverses of the current banknotes. The reverses depict landmarks or natural habitats in the country.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}
{{Clear}}

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+ 2002 series (Resolution of 10 April 2002)
|-
!rowspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Main Color !!colspan="2"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Date of printing
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
| C$10
| Green
| [[Miguel Larreynaga]]
| [[Islets of Granada]]
|rowspan="5"| 2002
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|[[File:C$20 Cordobas.jpg|170px]]
| C$20
| Orange
| [[José Santos Zelaya]]
| Atlantic Beach
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
| C$50
| Purple
| [[Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal|Pedro Joaquín Chamorro]]
| Fortress of [[Fortress of the Immaculate Conception|El Castillo de la Inmaculada Concepción]]
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|[[File:C$100 Cordobas.jpg|170px]]
| C$100
| Blue
| [[Rubén Darío]]
| [[Rubén Darío National Theatre]]
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|[[File:500 Cordobas.jpg|170px]]
| C$500
| Red
| [[José Dolores Estrada]]
| Hacienda San Jacinto
|-
|colspan="6"|{{Standard banknote table notice}}
|}

=== 2009 series ===

On May 15, 2009, polymer ten and twenty córdoba notes were issued to circulate alongside their paper counterparts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://consuladodenicaragua.com/nicaragua/a-h/currency/|title=Currency|date=November 14, 2010}}</ref> A new polymer two hundred and a paper one hundred córdoba banknote was first issued on June 1, 2009. A new polymer 50 córdoba was issued on December 3, 2009. The new designed paper 500 córdoba banknote was introduced on January 12, 2010.<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/tag-nicaragua.php Articles on the banknote issues of Nicaragua] BanknoteNews.com. Retrieved 2010-01-18.</ref> A commemorative design of the 50 córdobas was introduced on September 15, 2010, to commemorate the Banco Central de Nicaragua's 50th anniversary of its establishment.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2010/09/16/economia/38002 |title=Billete de C$ 50 por medio siglo del Banco Central - LA PRENSA — EL Diario de los Nicaragüenses |access-date=2010-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100920082716/http://www.laprensa.com.ni/2010/09/16/economia/38002 |archive-date=2010-09-20 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2012, the Banco Central de Nicaragua (Central Bank of Nicaragua) began issuing a new series of córdoba banknotes with revised security features, beginning with the 10, 20, and 200 córdoba polymer banknotes, which is similar to their first issue, but the notable change is the embossed "10", "20", and "200" on the see-through window now being of an opaque white.<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/b9320564ea3b3babb579de101ec5fcf1-2191.php Nicaragua new 10-córdoba note confirmed] BanknoteNews.com. July 19, 2012. Retrieved on 2012-10-28.</ref>
<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/71eb5b9b5c1a3efad43999d87faa00ff-2238.php Nicaragua new 20-córdoba note confirmed] BanknoteNews.com. August 21, 2012. Retrieved on 2012-10-28.</ref><ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/e84d930583ecd5aca3855476554273ba-2315.php Nicaragua new 200-córdoba note confirmed] BanknoteNews.com. October 4, 2012. Retrieved on 2012-10-28.</ref>

The 100 córdoba banknote was also revised. The notable differences from the first issue is that the note was issued on the 100th anniversary of the córdoba currency. Also notable is the wider security thread, a revised registration device, a repositioned serial number, subtle underprint design changes and the commemorative text "1912-2012 Centenario del Córdoba" in pearlescent ink at the left front of the note.<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/709474ebf6d673622fd81b9a036a9316-2239.php Nicaragua new 100-córdoba commemorative note confirmed] BanknoteNews.com. September 8, 2012. Retrieved on 2012-10-28.</ref> The 500 córdoba banknote was also revised. The most notable change for the note is the bank logo patch, now a holographic patch instead of an [[Optical variable device|optically variable device]] and a wider security thread.<ref>[https://banknotenews.com/?p=11081 Nicaragua new 500-córdoba note confirmed] BanknoteNews.com. October 12, 2012. Retrieved on 2012-10-28</ref>
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+ 2009 series (Resolution of 12 September 2007) [https://web.archive.org/web/20060209181241/http://www.bcn.gob.ni/moneda/circulacion/]
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2" colspan="2"| Main Colour !!colspan="3"| Description !!colspan="2"| Date of
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Watermark !! printing !! issue
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:10 Cordobas 2009 Front Nuevo.jpg|92px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:10 Cordobas 2009 Back Nuevo.jpg|92px]]
| 10 córdobas[[#Remarks 2|1]]
| 131 × 67 mm
| bgcolor=#32CD32|  || Green
| [[Fortress of the Immaculate Conception]], [[Río San Juan Department|Rio San Juan]]
| Hacienda San Jacinto
| "10", slighted tilted above El Castillo on the upper right hand side.
|rowspan="3"| 2009
| rowspan="2" | May 15, 2009
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:20 Cordobas 2009 Front Nuevo.jpg|95px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:20 Cordobas 2009 Back Nuevo.jpg|95px]]
| 20 córdobas[[#Remarks 2|2]]
| 136 × 67 mm
| Bgcolor=#ffff00|  || Yellow
| Hut of natives on the eastern coast of the Caribbean.
| Illustration of the [[Palo de Mayo]] dance
| "20", Girl pounding grain
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:50 Cordobas 2009 Front Nuevo.jpg|99px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:50 Cordobas 2009 Back Nuevo.jpg|99px]]
| rowspan="2" | 50 córdobas
| 141 × 67 mm
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="#9400D3" |  || rowspan="2" | Violet
| National ceramic of Nicaragua
| rowspan="2" | Canyon of [[Somoto]]
| National ceramic of Nicaragua, "50" watermark
| December 3, 2009
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:50 Nicaragua Cordoba Commemorative Front.jpg|50px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:50 Cordoba Commemorative Back.jpg|50px]]
| 67 x 141 mm
| First building of the Central Bank
| "50" watermark
| 2010
| September 16, 2010
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:100 Cordobas 2009 Front Nuevo.jpg|102px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:100 Cordobas 2009 Back Nuevo.jpg|102px]]
| 100 córdobas
| 146 × 67 mm
| bgcolor=#1E90FF|  || Blue
| Monument to [[Rubén Darío]]
| [[León Cathedral (Nicaragua)|León Cathedral]]
| Emblem of the Central Bank of Nicaragua; watermark of a lion.
| rowspan="2" | 2009
| rowspan="2" | June 1, 2009
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:200 Cordobas 2009 Front Nuevo.jpg|106px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:200 Cordobas 2009 Back Nuevo.jpg|106px]]
| 200 córdobas
| 151 × 67 mm
| Bgcolor=#A0522D|  || Brown
| [[El Güegüense]]
| [[Ometepe Island]], the national bird, the [[Momotus momota]].
| "200", The Güegüense with watermark and cape.
|-
|align="right" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:500 Cordobas New Front 2010.jpg|109px]]
|align="left" bgcolor="#000"| [[File:500 Cordobas New Back 2010.jpg|109px]]
| 500 córdobas
| 156 × 67 mm
| Bgcolor=#FF0000|  || Red
| Residential Museum of [[Augusto César Sandino]]
| Native statues
| "500" watermark, [[Sandino]]
| 2010
| January 12, 2010
|-
|colspan="11"|{{Standard banknote table notice|standard_scale=Y}}
|}

=== 2015 and 2017 series ===
On 26 October 2015, the Banco Central de Nicaragua introduced a new family of banknotes in denominations of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 Córdobas. The six lower denominations are printed in polymer, while the 500 Córdobas note is printed on cotton paper substrate.<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/be3a0d754731823fe1975ac4deb1d4a1-3647.php Nicaragua new note family (B506 - B511) confirmed] BanknoteNews.com. October 28, 2015. Retrieved on 2015-10-31.</ref> On 1 December 2016, the Banco Central de Nicaragua introduced a 1,000 Córdobas banknote to ease high-value transactions. A commemorative design was issued on 1 December 2016 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the death of poet [[Rubén Darío]] and a regular issue was issued on 2 January 2017.<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/424693fc64888f39d719dc773623e2fe-4123.php Nicaragua new 1,000-córdoba note (B513) to be introduced 02.01.2017] BanknoteNews.com. November 22, 2016. Retrieved on 2016-11-22.</ref><ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/d737f4231345afdbe34ee9fb7065ee8f-4124.php Nicaragua new 1,000-córdoba commemorative note (B512) to be introduced 01.12.2016] BanknoteNews.com. November 22, 2016. Retrieved on 2016-11-22.</ref><ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/d737f4231345afdbe34ee9fb7065ee8f-4124.php Nicaragua new 1,000-córdoba commemorative note (B512) confirmed introduced 01.12.2016] BanknoteNews.com. December 2, 2016. Retrieved on 2016-12-06.</ref>

In July 2019, the 500 and 1000 Córdoba banknotes were reissued in polymer, to circulate in parallel with existing issues.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bcn.gob.ni/divulgacion_prensa/notas/2019/noticia.php?nota=1273 |title=Banco Central de Nicaragua |access-date=2019-07-16 |archive-date=2021-03-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301192913/https://www.bcn.gob.ni/divulgacion_prensa/notas/2019/noticia.php?nota=1273 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+ 2015–2017 series (resolution of 26 March 2014)
|-
! colspan="2" | Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2"| Main Color !!colspan="2"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Material!!rowspan="2"| Date of issue
|-
!Obverse
!Reverse
! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|[[File:5 Cordobas front.jpg|frameless|center]]
|[[File:5 Cordobas back.jpg|frameless|center]]
|C$5
|126 x 67 mm
|Grey
|Building of the nicaraguan central bank
|Las Piedrecitas overpass
| rowspan="6" |Polymer
| rowspan="7" |October 2015
|-
| [[File:10 Cordoba front 2015.jpg|frameless|center]]
| [[File:Banknote 10 Cordoba 2015 back.jpg|frameless|center]]
| C$10
| 131 x 67 mm
| Green
| Puerto Salvador Allende, Managua
| La Vaquita (Patron Saint festivities of Managua)
|-
| [[File:20 Cordobas front.jpg|frameless|center]]
| [[File:20 Cordobas back.jpg|frameless|center]]
| C$20
| 136 x 67 mm
| Orange
| Moravian church, Laguna de Perlas
| Mayo Ya Festival
|-
| [[File:NIO 50 obverse Polymer 2015 Series.jpg|frameless|center]]
| [[File:NIO 50 reverse 2015 Polymer.jpg|frameless|center]]
| C$50
| 141 x 67 mm
| Violet
| Artisan Market, Masaya
| Folkloristic ballet
|-
| [[File:NIO 100 obverse 2015 Polymer.jpg|frameless|center]]
| [[File:NIO 100 reverse 2015 Polymer.jpg|frameless|center]]
| C$100
| 146 x 67 mm
| Blue
| Cathedral of Granada
| Horse cart
|-
|
|
| C$200
| 151 x 67 mm
| Brown
| Rubén Darío National Theater, Managua
| El Güegüense comedy ballet
|-
|
|
| rowspan="2" | C$500
| rowspan="2" | 156 x 67 mm
| rowspan="2" | Red
| rowspan="2" | Cathedral of León
| rowspan="2" | [[Momotombo]] Volcano
| Paper
|-
|
|
| Polymer
| July 2019
|-
|[[File:Billete de 1000 cordobas.jpg|frameless|center]]
| 
| rowspan="3" | C$1,000
| rowspan="2" | 161 x 67 mm
| rowspan="3" | Dark green
| Nicaraguan poet [[Rubén Darío]]
| Poem by Darío
| rowspan="2" | Paper
| December 2016<ref>[https://www.bcn.gob.ni/node/1024 Lanzamiento de billete de 1000 córdobas, Palabras del Presidente del BCN, Ovidio Reyes R., 22 de Noviembre 2016]</ref>
|-
|
|
| rowspan="2" | Hacienda San Jacinto, Tipitapa
| rowspan="2" | Castle of the Immaculate Conception, Río San Juan
| January 2017
|-
|
|
| 156 x 67 mm
| Polymer
| July 2019
|}

==Exchange rate==
In 1991, the Central Bank of Nicaragua established a [[crawling peg]] scheme in accordance with FMI exchange rate policies with a 12% annual rate of devaluation; {{as of|2014|alt="as of 2014"}}, this scheme continued to [[devaluation|devalue]] the córdoba against the [[United States dollar]] by 5% per annum and decrease further at 3% per annum, subsequently.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nicaragua seeks to de-dollarize economy |first=Tim |last=Rogers |date=May 13, 2014 |work=The Nicaragua Dispatch |url=http://nicaraguadispatch.com/2014/05/nicaragua-seeks-to-de-dollarize-economy/}}</ref>

{{Exchange rate|NIO|EUR|JPY|USD}}

=== Historical exchange rates ===
* {{currency|1|USD}} =
** 36.6243 (Banco Central de Nicaragua) (April 6, 2025)
** 36.773 (XE) (November 2024)
** 32.949 (XE) (July 2019)
** 25.005 córdobas (August 2013)(XE)
** 20.865 (Yahoo) or 20.8623 (XE) or 20.5250 (Oanda) (January 10, 2010)
** 20.425 (Yahoo) or 20.4263 (XE) or 20.222 (Oanda) or 20.4268 (Central Bank of Nicaragua) córdobas (August 4, 2009)
** 18.032 (Yahoo) or 19.874 (XE) or 20.113 (Oanda) córdobas (January 3, 2009)
** 18.032 córdobas (June 19, 2008)
** 18.032 córdobas (April 24, 2007)
** 17.066 córdobas (June 5, 2006)
** 17.1754 córdobas (January 13, 2006)
** 16.300 córdobas (April 2005)
** 15.5515 córdobas (December 2003)
* {{currency|1|EUR}} =
** 38.899 (XE) (November 2024)
** 37.084 (XE) (July 2019)
** 36.9441 (XE) (October 23, 2018)
** 30.0562 (Yahoo) or 30.0772 (XE) or 29.5661 (Oanda) (January 10, 2010)
** 29.3674 (Yahoo) or 29.3721 (XE) or 28.93586 (Oanda) córdobas (August 4, 2009)
** 25.1033 (Yahoo) or 27.532 (XE) or 28.008 (Oanda) córdobas (January 3, 2009)
** 29.8987 córdobas (June 19, 2008)
** 24.583 córdobas (April 24, 2007)
** 22.1168 córdobas (June 5, 2006)
** 19.910 córdobas (January 2006)
** 21.361 córdobas (April 2005)
** 19.6462 córdobas (December 2003)

== See also ==
* [[Economy of Nicaragua]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Sources ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{numis cite SCWC|date=1991}}
* {{numis cite SCWPM|date=1994}}and in the reference of tomorrow die
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* [http://samnotaphily.blogspot.in/2012/03/nicaragua-currency-cordoba-centavos.html Article on Currency – Córdoba]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110429103320/http://vianica.com/nicaragua/6-money.html Pictures of Nicaraguan banknotes and coins]
* [http://www.bcn.gob.ni/billetes_monedas/index.php Banco Central de Nicaragua: Billetes y Monedas]
* [http://www.bis-ans-ende-der-welt.net/Nicaragua-B-En.htm The banknotes of Nicaragua] {{in lang|en|de}}

{{Nicaraguan currency and coinage}}
{{Nicaragua topics}}
{{Currencies of the Americas}}
{{Currency signs}}
{{Portal bar|Central America|Money|Nicaragua|Numismatics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nicaraguan Cordoba}}
[[Category:Currencies of Nicaragua]]
[[Category:Currencies introduced in 1912]]
[[Category:Currency symbols]]
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]

North Korean won

2025-11-03T21:43:43Z

2601:C6:C481:350:65E2:F834:A497:C851: /* Third won */

{{Short description|Currency of North Korea}}
{{About|the official currency of North Korea|the official currency of South Korea (ISO 4217 code KRW)|South Korean won}}
{{Distinguish|text=the [[Korean Empire won|Korean won]], the official currency of the Korean Empire}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox currency
| currency_name = Democratic People's Republic of Korea won
| image_1 = File:1959-100won-1.jpg
| iso_code = KPW
| using_countries = {{flag|North Korea}}
| inflation_rate =
| inflation_source_date =
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = chon ({{Korean|hangul=전|hanja=錢|labels=no}})
| symbol = [[Won sign|₩]]
| no_plural =
| frequently_used_coins =
| rarely_used_coins = 1, 5, 10, 50 chon; ₩1<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ccdailynews.com/section/?knum=125530|script-title=ko:북한의 새로 발행된 화폐들|date=4 December 2009|publisher=ccdailynews.com|language=ko|access-date=5 December 2009|archive-date=11 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911234000/http://www.ccdailynews.com/section/?knum=125530|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|frequently_used_banknotes = ₩100, ₩200, ₩500, ₩1000, ₩2000, ₩5000<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/17faa856f3e2e824d407e61c9f9c03c0-898.php North Korea revalues and replaces currency] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917050353/http://banknotenews.com/files/17faa856f3e2e824d407e61c9f9c03c0-898.php |date=17 September 2011 }}. BanknoteNews.com. 4 December 2009.</ref>
| rarely_used_banknotes = ₩5, ₩10, ₩50
| issuing_authority = [[Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]]
}}
{{Infobox Korean name/auto
| title = Democratic People's Republic of Korea won
| hangul = ^조선_민주주의_인민_공화국 원
| hanja = 朝鮮民主主義人民共和國圓
| othername1 = Korean People's won
| hangul1 = ^조선 인민 원
| hanja1 = 朝鮮人民圓
}}
The '''Korean People's won''', more commonly known as the '''North Korean won''' ([[currency symbol|symbol]]: '''₩'''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''KPW'''; {{Korean|hangul=조선 원}}) and sometimes known as the '''Democratic People's Republic of Korea won''' ({{Korean|hangul=조선민주주의인민공화국 원|labels=none}}), is the official currency of [[North Korea]]. It is subdivided into 100 ''chon''. The currency is issued by the [[Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]], based in the North Korean [[capital city]] of [[Pyongyang]].

== Etymology ==
{{Main|Etymology of the Korean currencies}}
''Won'', like [[Japanese yen]], is borrowed from [[Chinese yuan]], written [[Hanja]] {{lang|ko|[[wikt:圓|圓]]}} ({{lang|ko|원}}), which means "round shape". The won is subdivided into 100 chon ({{Korean|hangul=전|hanja=錢|mr=chŏn|rr=jeon|labels=no}}).

== History ==
{{See also|History of the Korean currencies}}

{{For|the Korean won before the North–South division|Korean won (disambiguation){{!}}Korean won}}

=== 1947–2009 ===
After the [[division of Korea]], North Korea continued using the [[Korean yen]] for two years, until the [[Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]] was established on 6 December 1947 and the first North Korean won was issued.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cho|first=Lee-Jay|author2=Kim, Yoon Hyung |title=Economic systems in South and North Korea: the agenda for economic integration|publisher=[[Korea Development Institute]]|year=1995|page=161|isbn=978-89-8063-001-1}}</ref> In February 1959, the second North Korean won was introduced, equal to 100 old won.

From 1978 on, the [[Government of North Korea|North Korean government]] maintained an iconic rate of 2.16 won to the US dollar (which is said to have been based upon [[Kim Jong Il]]'s [[Day of the Shining Star|birthday]], 16 February).<ref>{{cite book|last=Hoare|first=James|author2=Pares, Susan |title=North Korea in the 21st century: an interpretive guide|publisher=Global Oriental|year=2005|page=145|isbn=978-1-901903-96-6}}</ref>
Over the decades, however, rampant inflation eroded the currency's value, and from 2001 the government abandoned the rate in favor of those closer to the black market's. A report by [[North Korean defectors|defectors from North Korea]] claimed the black market rate was ₩570 to the [[Chinese yuan]] (about ₩4,000 per U.S. dollar) in June 2009.<ref>Yong, Lee Sang (24 June 2009). [http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=5081 The Color of North Korean Money]. ''[[Daily NK]]''.</ref>

=== 2009 revaluation ===
The third North Korean won was introduced in a [[revaluation]] {{ill|North Korean currency reform|ko|조선민주주의인민공화국의 화폐 개혁|lt=in November 2009}},<ref>Ho, Jung Kwon (30 November 2009). [http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=5719 North Korea Replaces Currency] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212094537/http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=5719 |date=12 December 2009 }}. ''[[Daily NK]]''.</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/02/business/global/02korea.html?_r=2 Choe Sang-Hun (9 December 2009) ''New York Times'' (Global Business), "North Korea Revalues Its Currency"]</ref> the first in 50 years.<ref>The Wall Street Journal, Wednesday 2 December 2009 [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125963843649570793 North Korea Reissues Won, a Blow to Unofficial Economy]</ref><ref>The Wall Street Journal, Thursday 3 December 2009 [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB125975276400572645 North Korea Begins Won Swap, Curfew]</ref> North Koreans were given seven days to exchange a maximum of ₩100,000 (worth approximately US$40 on the black market) in ₩1,000 notes for ₩10 notes, but after protests by some of the populace, the limit was raised to ₩150,000 in cash and ₩300,000 in bank savings.<ref name=wp>Harden, Blaine (2 December 2009). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/12/01/AR2009120101841.html?hpid=moreheadlines 'North Korea revalues currency, destroying personal savings']. ''[[The Washington Post]]''.</ref> The official exchange rate at this time was around $740, but black market value of the ₩150,000 was estimated to be near $30.<ref>Haggard, Stephen and Marcus Noland (January 2009). [http://www.piie.com/publications/pb/pb10-01.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108204330/http://www.piie.com/publications/pb/pb10-01.pdf|date=8 January 2011}}.</ref> The revaluation, seen as a move against private market activity, wiped out many North Koreans' savings.<ref name=wp /> ''[[The Times]]'' speculated that the move may have been an attempt by the North Korean government to control price inflation and destroy the fortunes of local black market money traders.<ref name="The Times" /> The announcement was made to foreign embassies but not in [[Media of North Korea|North Korean state media]].<ref name="The Times">Parry, Richard Lloyd (2 December 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100106205313/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article6940482.ece North Koreans in shock as cash is 'banned']. ''[[The Times]]''.</ref>

As part of the process, the old notes ceased to be legal tender on 30 November 2009, but notes valued in the new won were not distributed until 7 December 2009.<ref name="The Times" /> North Koreans were thus unable to exchange any money for goods or services for a week, and most shops, restaurants and transport services were shut down.<ref name="The Times" /> The only services that remained open were those catering to the political elite and foreigners who both continued to trade exclusively in foreign currency.<ref name="The Times" /> The measure led to concerns amongst North Korean officials that the move would result in [[civil unrest]]. China's [[Xinhua]] news agency described North Korean citizens as being in a "collective panic";<ref>[http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2913430 North's currency action shocking to its citizens]. ''[[Joongang Daily]]''. 3 December 2009.</ref> army bases were put on alert and there were unconfirmed reports of public protests in the streets in a handful of North Korean cities and towns, forcing authorities to slightly increase the amount of currency people were allowed to exchange.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/north-koreans-dare-to-protest-as-devaluation-wipes-out-savings-1833156.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220621/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/north-koreans-dare-to-protest-as-devaluation-wipes-out-savings-1833156.html |archive-date=21 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=North Koreans dares to protest as devaluation wipes out savings|last=McNeil|first=David|date=3 December 2009|work=[[The Independent]] | location=London}}</ref> Piles of old bills were also set on fire in separate locations across the country, old paper notes were dumped in a stream (against laws of the desecration of images of Kim Il Sung), and two black market traders were shot dead in the streets of [[Pyongsong]] by local police, according to international reports.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB126029137357982133?mod=WSJ_hpp_sections_world|title=North Koreans Protest Currency Issue |last=Ramstad|first=Evan|date=9 December 2009|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/asia/korea/2009/12/05/235359/North-Koreans.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612000731/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/asia/korea/2009/12/05/235359/North-Koreans.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 June 2011|title=North Koreans burn bills over currency reform|date=5 December 2009|newspaper=[[The China Post]]}}</ref> Authorities threatened "merciless punishment" for any person violating the rules of the currency change.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia-pacific/2009/12/200912371139615612.html|title=N Korea cash switch 'sparks panic' |date=3 December 2009|publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref>

Pictures of the new notes were published on 4 December 2009 in the ''[[Choson Sinbo|Chosun Shinbo]]'', a North Korean newspaper based in Japan.<ref name="dnk412">{{cite news|url=http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk03100&num=5743|title=New Denomination Images Unveiled|last=Kook|first=Park Sung|date=4 December 2009|newspaper=[[Daily NK]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/2009/1204/p06s07-woap.html|title=North Korea admits drastic currency reform, is silent on protests|last=Kirk|first=Donald|date=4 December 2009|newspaper=[[The Christian Science Monitor]]}}</ref> The paper claimed that the measure would weaken the free market and strengthen the country's socialist system.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gnnLBoO7-ClzCc0ntsjmEiwe8i9w|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117013504/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gnnLBoO7-ClzCc0ntsjmEiwe8i9w|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 November 2011|title=Currency change cripples N.Korea markets: report|last=AFP|date=9 December 2009}}</ref> However, the won plummeted 96 percent against the [[United States dollar|U.S. dollar]] in the ensuing days after revaluation.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601080&sid=aw8p.PYArpkM|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604073058/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aw8p.PYArpkM|archive-date=4 June 2011|title=North Korean Won Plunges 96% After Government Revaluation|last=Lim|first=Bomi|date=9 December 2009|publisher=[[Bloomberg L.P.]]}}</ref> Authorities eventually raised the limit to 500,000 won, ''Chosun'' reported, and promised no probes into savings of up to one million won, and unlimited withdrawals if savings of more than one million were properly accounted for.

In February 2010, some of the curbs on the free market were eased, and a senior party official was sacked after incidents of unrest.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article7013254.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604175708/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/asia/article7013254.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 June 2011|title=Food shortages and violence mount in North Korea as Utopian dream fails|last=Parry|first=Richard Lloyd|date=4 February 2010|newspaper=[[The Times]] | location=London}}</ref> [[Pak Nam-gi]], the director of the Planning and Finance Department of North Korea's ruling Workers' Party, was executed later in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601080&sid=amrsl_DDQ7.A|title=North Korea Executes Official for Currency Reform, Yonhap Says|publisher=Bloomberg|date=17 March 2010}}</ref> North Korea denied any serious crisis relating to the revaluation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=99VlXc5fwxA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/99VlXc5fwxA| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title= North Korea Says No Chaos After Currency Reform |publisher=Associated Press| date=1 April 2010}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

== Coins ==
=== First won ===
No coins were issued under the first won of 1947–1959.

=== Second won ===
The first North Korean coins for circulation were minted in 1959 in denominations of 1, 5, and 10 chon. These coins were often restruck with the original dates in later years; however, 1970 and 1974 dates also appear on the 1 and 5 chon. In 1978, 50 chon coins featuring the [[Chollima Statue]] and a rising sun were introduced into circulation during the 1979 currency reform to allow greater flexibility for vendors by eliminating the 50 chon banknote and large amounts of "small change" coinage carried. In 1987, 1 won coins featuring the [[Grand People's Study House]] were introduced, but did not fully replace the 1 won note which remained legal tender.

When the historic 2.16 peg to the dollar was abandoned in 2001 to allow for greater [[convertibility]], the coins began to lose value. After 2003, these coins were rarely seen in circulation but were still redeemable. Later, a new set of coins was introduced in 2005 in denominations of 5, 10, 50, and 100 won. These coins were less impressive compared to the older series, being very plain and generic in design. All circulation coins of the second won were struck in aluminum.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+Circulated coins
|-
!rowspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!colspan="2"| Technical parameters !!colspan="2"| Description !!colspan="4"| Date of minted year
|-
! Diameter !! Composition !! Obverse !! Reverse !! General issue (no star) !! Socialist visitor (1 star) !! Capitalist visitor (2 stars) !! Year last circulated
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| [[File:1959-1jeon.jpg|200px]] || 1 chon || 16 mm ||rowspan="9"| [[Aluminium]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Bruce|first=Colin R.|last2=Michael |first2=Thomas |title=Standard Catalog of World Coins 1901–2000|publisher=Krause Publications|year=2007|page=1313|isbn=978-0-89689-500-3}}</ref>
|rowspan="3"| State title, [[Emblem of North Korea|coat of arms]], year of minting ||rowspan="3"| Value (optionally, star(s))
|| 1959, 1970 || 1959 || 1959 || ?
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| [[File:1959-5jeon.jpg|200px]] || 5 chon || 18 mm
| 1959, 1974 || 1974 || 1974 || ?
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| [[File:1959-10jeon.jpg|200px]] || 10 chon || 20 mm
|| 1959 || 1959 || 1959 || ?
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || 50 chon || 25 mm
| Bank title, Coat of arms, value || [[Chollima Statue]], year of minting (optionally, star(s))
| 1978 || 1978 || 1978 || ?
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || ₩1 || 27 mm
|rowspan="5"| Bank title, Coat of arms, value, year of minting || [[Grand People's Study House]] || 1987 || N/A || N/A || ?
|-|{{Coin-silver-color}}
| || ₩5 || 21 mm ||rowspan="4"| Value || 2005 || N/A || N/A || 2009
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || ₩10 || 23 mm || 2005 || N/A || N/A || 2009
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || ₩50 || 25 mm || 2005 || N/A || N/A || 2009
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || ₩100 || 27 mm || 2005 || N/A || N/A || 2009
|-
|colspan="10"|{{Standard coin table notice}}
|}

Following other [[socialist]] economies like Cuba and China, North Korea developed a special system of marking coins for two groups of foreign visitors. Issued in 1983, these coins were part of the "Pakkundon" convertible series. Coins with no "stars" were for general circulation in North Korea, coins marked with one star were for "socialist visitors", and coins marked with two stars were designated for "capitalist visitors". A fourth set, intended for collectors rather than circulation, was struck with the word "specimen" or "example" in Korean characters in the areas where the stars would be. The specimen/example set is the least common of the four. Besides the general circulating coins, there is an abundance of different commemorative coins minted in the name of the DPRK. Most, if not all of them, are sold to foreign [[numismatist]]s. Some of these are official, state approved coins, others are not.

=== Third won ===
Coins were issued in 10, 50 chon and 1 won denominations in 2002, and 1 and 5 chon denominations in 2008. All denominations are struck in aluminum. These coins feature the national coat of arms on the obverse and flowers, particularly the [[Kimjongilia]] and the [[Kimilsungia]], on the reverse of the 10 and 50 chon coins. A magnolia adorns the 1 won coin.<ref name="dnk412" />

Initially struck in 2002, the coins were intended for use shortly after the dollar peg was removed from the currency. The 50 chon and 1 won coins were smaller than the previous designs, while the new 10 chon coin was the same size as the old. Hyperinflation became a very sudden reality, however, and the new coins were never released as planned. In 2008, 1 and 5 chon coins were also struck when a plan for monetary revaluation began. The coins were finally released into circulation in December 2009, but due to the flawed nature of the revaluation, these coins again have very little value, the 1 and 5 chon coins in particular being virtually irrelevant.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+Circulated coins
|-
!rowspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!colspan="3"| Technical parameters !!colspan="2"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Date of minted year
|-
! Diameter !! Mass !! Composition !! Obverse !! Reverse
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || 1 chon || 18.0 mm || 0.8 g ||rowspan="5"| [[Aluminium]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iwantallcoins.com/PRK.HTM|title=Coins of PRK North Korea|access-date=28 November 2016|archive-date=11 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811230455/http://www.iwantallcoins.com/PRK.HTM|url-status=dead}}</ref>  ||rowspan="5"| Coat of arms, value || Royal azalea, year of minting || 2008
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || 5 chon || 19.0 mm || 0.9 g
|| Tree peony, year of minting || 2008
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || 10 chon|| 20.0 mm || 1.0 g
|| Azalea, year of minting || 2002
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || 50 chon || 22.1 mm || 1.55 g
|| Kimjongilia, year of minting || 2002
|- {{Coin-silver-color}}
| || ₩1 || 24.1 mm || 1.9 g
|| Kimilsungia, year of minting || 2002
|-
|colspan="8"|{{Standard coin table notice}}
|}

== Banknotes ==

The first banknotes of "North Korea" were issued in 1945 by the Soviet-backed provisional government above the [[38th parallel north|38th parallel]]. These were in denominations of 1, 5, 10, and 100 won. These were discontinued shortly after Soviet forces withdrew and recognized the newly independent state.

=== First won ===
This currency was issued in all-banknote form, with the first banknotes of this issue in denominations of 15, 20, and 50 chon along with 1, 5, 10 and 100 won in 1947. The chon notes had stylized art designs, while the won denominations were fairly uniform in design, featuring a farmer and a worker standing together and holding the symbolic tools. This currency was later revalued in 1959 at a rate of one new won to 100 old won to curb the inflation that had occurred as a result of the [[Korean War]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nautilus.org/DPRKBriefingBook/economy/DPRKMonetaryHistory.html|title=DPRK Economy|last=Schuler|first=Kurt|year=2004|publisher=Tables of Modern Monetary Systems|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301194517/http://www.nautilus.org/DPRKBriefingBook/economy/DPRKMonetaryHistory.html|archive-date=1 March 2010}}</ref>

=== Second won ===
In 1959, the old won was replaced with the second won, with price and exchange rates fixed to the U.S. dollar. This banknote series was issued in denominations of 50 chon, and 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 won. These notes were much larger than the previous issue and depicted images representing various industries in the North Korean economy.

In 1979, the currency was again reformed, and a new banknote series was issued in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 won. There is ongoing speculation as to why this move was made. All 1959 banknotes were removed from circulation. Circulating coins, however, were not affected by this change. The designs for this issue were much more symbolic and charismatic than previous ones, with Kim Il Sung featuring for the first time on the 100 won note.

In 1992, another redesign was carried out for banknotes, again in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, and 100 won. Older notes were once again withdrawn. These notes were smaller and crisper than the previous issue and depicted more modern themes. The 5 and 10 won banknotes were again issued in 1998, along with a 500 won banknote that same year but were stamped rather than engraved reflecting poorer production quality. In 2002, 1,000 and 5,000 won notes were introduced, followed by a 200 won note in 2005. The former two were identical in design to the 100 won though differing in colors and added security features, but the colored fields behind the text no longer extended all the way to the margins. In 2007, the 500 won had also been revised in this same manner along with being engraved for the first time to protect against counterfeiting. From 1998 onwards, all notes were dated using the [[North Korean calendar|Juche year]] along with the standard dating.

In 2005, the Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea issued commemorative 200, 500, 1000 and 5000 won notes to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the foundation of North Korea. It consists of an overprint on its regular issue notes.

In 2007, a commemorative version of this banknote series was released, stamped "Great Leader Comrade Kim Il Sung's 95th Birthday" on all denominations.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+Banknotes of the North Korean won (1978 issue)
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Main color !! Value !! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|
|
| Olive green
| ₩1
| A student, woman and children
| Male and female soldiers; Yang Helyong (scenes from the opera ''[[Sea of Blood]]'')
|-
|
|
| Blue-gray
| ₩5
| Worker with a cogwheel and holding a political book; peasant woman holding a sheaf of wheat; factories in the background
| [[Mount Kumgang]]
|-
|
|
| Brown
| ₩10
| [[Chollima]]
| [[Chollima Steel Complex]]
|-
|
|
| Olive green
| ₩50
| Soldier; peasant woman; officials of the [[Workers' Party of Korea]]
| Lake
|-
|
|
| Brown and lilac
| ₩100
| [[Kim Il Sung]]
| [[Mangyongdae-guyok|Mangyongdae]] (the birthplace of Kim Il Sung)
|-
|}

[[Banknote]]s in circulation for the second won, up to December 2009, were as follows:

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+1992 series
|-
!rowspan="2"| Obverse !!rowspan="2"| Reverse !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2"| Main Color !!colspan="3"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Watermark
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
| ₩1
| 116 × 55 mm
| Green
| Actress Hong Yong-hee in her film role as ''[[The Flower Girl]]''
| [[Mount Kumgang]]
|rowspan="5"| [[Chollima Statue]]
| 1992
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|rowspan="2"| ₩5
|rowspan="2"| 126 × 60 mm
|rowspan="2"| Blue
|rowspan="2"| Students, [[Kim Il Sung University]], [[Mangyongdae Children's Palace|Mangyongdae School Children's Palace]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Grand People's Study House]]
|1992
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|1998
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|rowspan="2"| ₩10
|rowspan="2"| 136 × 65 mm
|rowspan="2"| Brown-orange
|rowspan="2"| Factory worker, [[Chollima]] (1,000 ri horse)
|rowspan="2"| Pi Do Island, Western sea barrage and locks at Taedong River(Taedong-gang)
|1992
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|1998
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
| ₩50
| 146 × 70 mm
| Orange
| Young professionals, [[Juche Tower]]
| [[Paektu Mountain|Mount Paektu]]
| [[Juche Tower]]
| 1992
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
| ₩100
| 156 × 75 mm
| Red and brown
| [[Kim Il Sung]]
| The birthplace of [[Kim Il Sung]], [[Mangyongdae-guyok]]
| [[Arch of Triumph (Pyongyang)|Arch of Triumph]]
| 1992
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
| ₩200
| 140 × 72 mm
| Blue and green
| [[Magnolia|Mongnan]] (National Flower of North Korea)
| Value
| [[Chollima Statue]]
| 2005
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|rowspan="2"| ₩500
|rowspan="6"| 156 × 75 mm
|rowspan="2"| Dark green
|rowspan="2"| [[Kumsusan Palace of the Sun|Kumsusan Memorial Palace]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Chongryu Bridge]]<ref name="Encyber">{{citation|url=http://banknote.ws/COLLECTION/countries/ASI/KON/KON0044.htm|title=Bank Note Museum|access-date=17 June 2013}}</ref>
|rowspan="6"| [[Arch of Triumph (Pyongyang)|Arch of Triumph]]
| 1998
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|2007
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|rowspan="2"| ₩1000
|rowspan="2"| Green-cyan
|rowspan="4"| [[Kim Il Sung]]
|rowspan="4"| The birthplace of [[Kim Il Sung]], [[Mangyongdae-guyok]]
|2002
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|2006
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|rowspan="2"| ₩5000
|rowspan="2"|Violet
|2002
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"|
|2006
|-
|}

=== Third won ===
In 2009, {{ill|North Korean currency reform|ko|조선민주주의인민공화국의 화폐 개혁|lt=another currency reform}} was initiated to tackle hyperinflation and black market activities. Unlike previous reforms, the 2009 move sparked a nationwide panic when it was announced there would be a two-week waiting period between the withdrawal of the old currency and the introduction of the new currency, coupled with an exchange limit of only 500,000 old won for each person, effectively wiping out savings. The state eventually pulled back on most exchange limits; however, the revaluation proved to be a failure.

Like the coins for this series, some of the denominations were initially printed in 2002 but were never released into circulation, pointing to a planned monetary revaluation much earlier than 2009 that was never carried out.

The current series of banknotes of the third won are issued in denominations of 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 5,000 won. [[Kim Il Sung]] is depicted only on the obverse of the highest denomination, with the 100 won note featuring the [[Magnolia]] (National Flower) and other notes depicting North Koreans of different professions and various monuments in North Korea.<ref name="dnk412" /> The exchange rate was 100 second won to 1 third won.{{cn|reason=previous citation was a newspaper home page, no relevant information|date=March 2025}}

Unlike all previous series, these notes were all uniform in dimensions rather than staggered in size from smallest to largest. There are rumors that the original designs for the 1,000 and 2,000 won notes depicted Kim Il Sung and had similar design features to the 5,000 won that were scrapped and destroyed due to counterfeiters or thieves breaking into a bank warehouse and stealing early notes or printing materials, resulting in a total redesign of the two denominations in question.

In 2012, another commemorative series of banknotes was released, this time in the 2002–2009 series but similarly stamped "Great Leader Comrade Kim Il Sung's 100th Birthday". Once again this stamp appeared on all denominations.<ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/20a77c7620cccd7435f61161b2077912-2930.php "North Korea new 100th birthday commemorative notes confirmed"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714183303/http://banknotenews.com/files/20a77c7620cccd7435f61161b2077912-2930.php |date=14 July 2014 }} BanknoteNews.com. 14 March 2014. Retrieved on 9 July 2014.</ref><ref>[http://banknotenews.com/files/52afbbe9fd47f8c08bf32043a14e86ce-3478.php "North Korea new 5,000-won commemorative notes confirmed"]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527231034/http://banknotenews.com/files/52afbbe9fd47f8c08bf32043a14e86ce-3478.php |date=27 May 2015 }} BanknoteNews.com. 26 May 2015. Retrieved on 27 May 2015.</ref>

In 2018, 1,000 and 2,000 won notes were released with an overprint referencing the 70th anniversary of its independence.

On 25 July 2014, a new 5,000 won note dated 2013 was released into circulation. Instead of depicting the portrait of North Korea's founder Kim Il Sung, the note depicts an image of his birthplace in Mangyondae and on the back the [[International Friendship Exhibition]] in [[Myohyangsan]] that displays gifts he and his son Kim Jong Il received from foreign leaders.<ref>[http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2014/08/11/2014081100747.html "N.Korea Drops Kim Il-sung from New Banknotes"]. ''The Chosun Ilbo''. 11 August 2014. Retrieved on 11 August 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=12160 "NK Caught Off Guard by Disappearance of Kim"]. ''DailyNK''. 1 August 2014. Retrieved on 13 August 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?num=12215&cataId=nk00300 "Past as Prelude: Kim Il Sung Will Reappear"]. ''DailyNK''. 15 August 2014. Retrieved on 16 August 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk01500&num=14611 "Residents avoiding use of old 5000 KPW notes"]. ''DailyNK''. 11 July 2017. Retrieved on 11 August 2017.</ref> There has been ongoing speculation that this could indicate plans for higher denominations to be released later which would depict Kim Il Sung, Kim Jong Il, or possibly both. However the official reason behind the change was to combat counterfeiters.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+2009 and 2013 issues<ref name="dnk412"/>
! rowspan="2"|Value
! rowspan="2"|Dimensions
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Main colour
! colspan="3"|Description
! colspan="2"|Date of
! rowspan="2"|{{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
! Obverse
! Reverse
! Watermark
! printing
! issue
|-
| ₩5
| rowspan="10" | 145 × 65 mm
| style="background:#80A0C0;width:0"| || Navy blue
| Atomic symbol, [[Workers' Party of Korea|party members]]
| [[Hwanggang Dam|Hwanggang Hydroelectric Dam]]
| rowspan="10" | [[Magnolia sieboldii|Mongnan]]
| rowspan="3" | ''[[Juche calendar|Juche]]'' 91 (2002)
| rowspan="9" | 30 November 2009
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw5">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 5-won note (B339a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15831|website=Banknote News|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227232841/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15831|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=20 January 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ₩10
| style="background:#90B080"| || Olive green
| [[Korean People's Army Ground Force]] emblem, [[Korean People's Army|Soldiers]] ([[Korean People's Army Air and Anti-Air Force|Air Force]], [[Korean People's Navy|Navy]], [[Korean People's Army Ground Force|Army]])
| [[:commons:Category:Statue of Victory (Pyongyang)|Statue of Victory]] in [[Pyongyang]]
| rowspan="2" | <ref name="bn-2009-kpw10/50">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 10- and 50-won notes (B340a, B341a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15803|website=Banknote News|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227232747/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15803|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=1 February 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ₩50
| style="background:#A080C0"| || Indigo
| Flame from the [[Juche Tower|''Juche'' Tower]] in Pyongyang, man in business suit, man in overalls, woman
| [[Monument to Party Founding]] in Pyongyang
|-
| ₩100
| style="background:#80C080"| || Green
| Mongnan (''[[Magnolia sieboldii]]'')
| rowspan="3" | Denomination
| rowspan="6" | ''Juche'' 97 (2008)
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw100">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 100-won note (B342a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15745|website=Banknote News|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227232834/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15745|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=15 February 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ₩200
| style="background:#E080E0"| || Violet
| [[Chollima Statue]] in Pyongyang
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw200">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 200-won note (B343a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15741|website=Banknote News|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227234004/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15741|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=15 February 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ₩500
| style="background:#C0C0C0"| || Grey
| [[Arch of Triumph (Pyongyang)|Arch of Triumph]] in Pyongyang
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw500">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 500-won note (B344a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15589|website=Banknote News|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228001410/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15589|archive-date=28 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=14 March 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ₩1,000
| style="background:#FF80C0"| || Pink
| Birthplace of [[Kim Jong Suk]] in [[Hoeryong]]
| Trees on the shore of [[Samji Lake]]
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw1000">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 1,000-won note (B345a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15433|website=Banknote News|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803124616/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15433|archive-date=3 August 2020|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=16 April 2010}}</ref>
|-
| ₩2,000
| style="background:#80C0FF"| || Blue
| [[Kim Jong Il#Birth|Alleged birthplace]] of [[Kim Jong Il]], [[Jong-il Peak]]
| [[Paektu Mountain]]
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw2000">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 2,000-won note (B346a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15585|website=Banknote News|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228001616/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15585|archive-date=28 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=14 March 2010}}</ref><ref name="bbc-20090116">{{cite news|title=Profile: Kim Jong-il|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1907197.stm|access-date=28 December 2022|work=BBC News|publisher=BBC|date=16 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111221001302/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/1907197.stm|archive-date=21 December 2011|location=London|url-status=live|language=en-gb}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"|₩5,000
| rowspan="2" style="background:#C0A080"| || rowspan="2"|Brown
| Star, [[Kim Il Sung]], Mongnan (''Magnolia sieboldii'')
| [[Mangyongdae]] (alleged birthplace of Kim Il Sung) in Pyongyang
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw5000a">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 5,000-won note (B347a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=15581|website=Banknote News|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228001710/https://banknotenews.com/?p=15581|archive-date=28 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=14 March 2010}}</ref>
|-
| Mangyongdae (alleged birthplace of Kim Il Sung) in Pyongyang
| [[International Friendship Exhibition]] at [[Mount Myohyang]]
| ''Juche'' 102 (2013)
| 2014
| <ref name="bn-2009-kpw5000b">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=North Korea new 5,000-won note (B357a) confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=8484|website=Banknote News|access-date=28 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228002106/https://banknotenews.com/?p=8484|archive-date=28 December 2022|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=19 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|colspan="10"|{{Standard banknote table notice}}
|}

=== ''Donpyo'' emergency currency ===

Lockdowns due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] have caused shortages in ink and paper used to print regular KPW banknotes, resulting in the issuance in the second half of 2021 of an emergency currency printed with the word ''donpyo'' ({{lang|ko|돈표}}, "money coupon"). The coupons are in denominations of 5,000 won, printed in red ink, and 50,000 won, printed in green ink, both on white paper of poor quality.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nknews.org/2021/10/north-koreans-using-cash-coupons-as-country-unable-to-print-new-bills/|title = North Koreans using cash coupons as country struggles to print new bills |work=NK News|date = 26 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/korea/donpyo-04072022193445.html | title=North Korea issues high-denomination money voucher, photo evidence shows |work=Radio Free Asia}}</ref>

Shortages in regular KPW banknotes after 2020 have also resulted in a premium in their exchange values in the black markets. The ''donpyo'' is discounted versus regular banknotes at only 3,800–4,000 KPW, and KPW banknotes have even appreciated versus the US dollar from 8,000 KPW to 5,200 KPW/USD.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.asiapress.org/rimjin-gang/2021/10/society-economy/donpyo/|title=＜Inside N. Korea＞ North Korea's financial crisis has made it impossible to print banknotes. Efforts to issue temporary money coupons "Tonpyo" have been made to replace them, but distrust is growing|date=23 October 2021 }}</ref>

== Exchange rates ==
The North Korean won is not traded in the international markets. It is traded in the unofficial black markets and certain department stores at around US$1 = 8,900 KPW in 2025-04.<ref>Recorded on foreign visitor footage at Taesong Department Store, Pyongyang, {{Cite web |author=Matt and Julia |orig-date=2025-04-06 |date=2025-04-11  |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1WJnGmEhLzY&t=803 |access-date=2025-05-08 |title=All Aboard The North Korea Propaganda Bus | id=taesong}}</ref> It is believed that, due to the COVID-19 pandemic reducing the (mostly illegal) trading activities with the outside world, the valuation of KPW had risen to around $1 = 5,000 KPW in 2021. The North Korean won had experienced fluctuations in its exchange rate throughout 2024. Initially, the KPW saw a dramatic increase against the US dollar, trading at approximately 16,100 KPW per dollar, which represented a substantial rise of about 92% over the previous year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Silberstein |first=Benjamin Katzeff |date=2024-10-02 |title=What's Up with North Korea's Skyrocketing Exchange Rates? |url=https://www.38north.org/2024/10/whats-up-with-north-koreas-skyrocketing-exchange-rates/?__cf_chl_tk=ccqplQNfY0TxjMCoKXDVsJYprXUZzUMj0o70vilwnnM-1736163334-1.0.1.1-mEw1J1AerlP0DSqVDiblX5hrS2cF_XF7BQZKhmZ_xQU |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=38 North |language=en}}</ref> However, by November 2024, the black market value of the KPW had fallen to around 18,000 KPW per dollar, indicating a period of hyperinflation.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jang |first=Seulkee |date=2024-12-09 |title=N. Korean won-dollar rate stabilizes while won-yuan continues climb |url=https://www.dailynk.com/english/north-korea-won-dollar-rate-stabilizes-while-won-yuan-continues-climb/ |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=Daily NK English |language=en-US}}</ref>


== Concurrent use with foreign currencies ==
=== Before 2009 ===
North Korean won are intended exclusively for North Korean citizens, and the Bank of Trade ({{Korean|hangul=무역은행|labels=no}}) issued a separate currency (or [[foreign exchange certificate]]s) for visitors, like many other [[socialist state]]s. However, North Korea made two varieties of foreign exchange certificates, one for visitors from "socialist countries" which were colored red and hence nicknamed "red won",<ref name="dailynk">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk00100&num=5081|title=The Color of North Korean Money|date=23 June 2009|access-date=28 November 2016}}</ref> and the other for visitors from "capitalist countries" which were colored blue/green and hence known as "blue won".<ref name="dailynk" />

For the 1978 banknote series, foreign certificates, called "Pakkundon", meaning "exchangeable money" were implemented by an overstamp and serial number color. This was intended to protect the value of the national currency in North Korea's [[command economy]]. These were first released in 1983 in two forms, one for "socialist visitors" which had a red stamp, and one for "capitalist visitors" which had a green stamp. Another series was released in 1986 with either a blue or red [[Guilloché]] style stamp. These were issued in all denominations, except for the ₩100 note, presumably because it was assumed by the government that foreign visitors to North Korea would not show proper respect for its depiction of Kim Il Sung. These notes were discontinued in 1988 and replaced with a new series of Pakkundon in all banknote form that was more distinguishable and unmistakable from generic circulation currency.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
|+Variation of the 1978 series
|-
! Overstamp !! Serial number color !! Target users
|-
| None || 1 red, 1 black || General circulation
|-
| Green with Korean text || 2 black || Socialist visitors 1983
|-
| Red with Korean text || rowspan="2" | 2 red || rowspan="2" | Capitalist visitors 1983
|-
| Red [[guilloché]] with numeral
|-
| Blue guilloché with numeral || 2 black || Socialist visitors 1986
|}

In 1988, the Bank of Trade ({{Korean|hangul=무역은행|labels=no}}) (as opposed to the Central Bank) issued two unique series of foreign certificates. They both included 1 chon, 5 chon, 10 chon, 50 chon, ₩1, ₩5, ₩10, and ₩50. The series for "capitalist visitors" was blue-green, while the series for "socialist visitors" was pink.<ref>{{cite book|last=Bruce|first=Colin R.|author2=Shafer, Neil |title=Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, Modern Issues, Volume 3|publisher=Krause Publications|year=1999|page=424|isbn=978-0-87341-746-4}}</ref> The chon notes had a simple design of patterns and corresponding values, while the socialist won notes depict the [[International Friendship Exhibition]], and the capitalist won notes depict the [[Chollima Statue]].<ref name=bn>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090211180254/http://bank-note.org/nk.html Bank notes of the modern world – North Korea]}}. bank-note.org.</ref>

FECs were used until 1999, then officially abolished in 2002, in favor of visitors paying directly with hard currencies.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Linzmayer | first1 = Owen | title = The Banknote Book | chapter = North Korea | publisher = www.BanknoteNews.com | year = 2012 | location = San Francisco, CA | url = http://www.banknotebook.com | access-date = 9 December 2020 | archive-date = 3 October 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181003161541/http://www.banknotebook.com/ | url-status = dead }}</ref>

=== Since 2009 ===
After the 2009 revaluation, the BBC reported that in some department stores in [[Pyongyang]], the North Korean won was not accepted; the stores take only [[Japanese yen]] and [[United States dollar|U.S. dollars]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/8256890.stm | work=BBC News | title=In pictures: Life in poverty-stricken North Korea | date=22 September 2009}}</ref> As of 2018, it had evolved to most North Korean stores accepting [[United States dollar|U.S. dollar]]s, [[euro]]s and Chinese yuan/[[renminbi]], with change from transactions primarily returned in renminbi or U.S. dollars.<ref>[https://www.rfa.org/english/news/korea/us-dollars-become-currency-of-choice-among-well-heeled-north-koreans-02212018162155.html US Dollars Become Currency of Choice Among Well-Heeled North Koreans] [[Radio Free Asia]] (https://www.rfa.org). 21 February 2018. Retrieved on 29 December 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.rfa.org/english/news/korea/money-04072023102829.html North Korea confiscates dollars and yuan after declaring foreign currency illegal] [[Radio Free Asia]] (https://www.rfa.org). 7 April 2023. Retrieved on 9 April 2023.</ref>

Foreign visitors (and privileged locals) can buy goods priced in 'tied' won using a local debit card, which is credited when exchanging foreign currency at the official bank rate of around 104 won/USD or 130 won/EUR (as of 2012). This card can be used for instance at the famous [[Pyongyang Department Store No. 1]] or at the different stores at the international hotels, where the goods are priced at the tied won rate. This tied won does not exist in the form of bank notes, and is effectively a separate currency and accounting unit for sales involving foreign exchange.

In normal stores and markets, goods are priced in what has been called the 'untied' won or free market rate which is represented by regular KPW banknotes. At for instance the [[Tongil Market]] and the Kwangbok Department Store (a.k.a. the Chinese Market) there are semi-official exchange agents who will give in regular banknotes around 8,000 KPW/USD or 10,000 KPW/EUR to locals and foreign visitors alike (as of 2012, or 77 times the tied or official rate). The untied KPW is used for prices in normal shops outside restricted state shops/tied won shops.<ref>Black Market cash: the real value of N. Korean won, NK News, 1 September 2014 http://www.nknews.org/2014/09/black-market-cash-the-real-value-of-n-korean-won/</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Economy of North Korea]]
* [[South Korean won]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web|url=http://www.bis-ans-ende-der-welt.net/Nordkorea-B-En.htm|title=The banknotes of North Korea|language=en,de|editor=Heiko Otto|access-date=19 August 2017}}

{{n-start|title=North Korean won}}
{{n-before|currency=[[Korean yen]]|reason=[[Division of Korea]] and moving toward a full sovereign nation from Allied occupation}}
{{n-currency|location=North Korea|start=18 April 1980|end=12 April 2009|note=1st Won: 1945 to 1959 2nd Won (equivalent to 100 1st Won): 1959 to 2009 3rd Won (equivalent to 100 2nd Won): 2009 onwards}}
{{n-after}}
{{end}}

{{Historical currencies of Korea}}
{{Currencies of Asia}}
{{Economy of North Korea}}
{{Portal bar|Asia|Money|North Korea|Numismatics}}

[[Category:Currencies of North Korea]]
[[Category:Currencies introduced in 1947]]
[[Category:1947 establishments in North Korea]]
[[Category:Currencies of Asia]]
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]

Turkmen manat

2025-11-03T21:27:21Z

2601:C6:C481:350:65E2:F834:A497:C851: /* AnchorFirst manat (TMM, 1993—2009) */

{{Short description|Currency of Turkmenistan}}
{{Infobox currency
| name = Manat
| local_name = Türkmen manady
| local_name_lang = tk
| iso_code = TMT
| image_1 = 100 manat. Türkmenistan, 2014 a.jpg
| image_title_1 = 100 manat banknote
| image_width_1 = 200
| using_countries = {{flagicon|Turkmenistan}} [[Turkmenistan]]
| inflation_rate = 8.5%
| inflation_source_date = ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003823/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2092.html The World Factbook]'', 2012 est.
| pegged_with = [[United States dollar|US dollar]] (USD) US$1 = 3.50 manats
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = tenge
| symbol = m
| symbol_subunit_1 = t
| unit=manat
| no_plural = Y
| frequently_used_coins = 10, 20, 50 tenge, 1, 2 manats
| frequently_used_banknotes = 1, 5, 10, [[20 manat|20]], [[50 manat|50]], and 100 manats
| rarely_used_coins = 1, 2, 5 tenge
| rarely_used_banknotes = 500 manats
| issuing_authority = [[Central Bank of Turkmenistan]]
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|http://www.cbt.tm/}}
| printer = [[De La Rue]]
| printer_website = {{URL|https://www.delarue.com|De La Rue}}
| mint = [[Royal Mint]]
| mint_website = {{URL|https://www.royalmint.com|The Royal Mint}}
}}

The '''manat''' ({{langx|tk|manat}}; [[Currency symbol|abbreviation]]: '''m'''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''TMT''') is the [[currency]] of [[Turkmenistan]]. The original manat was introduced on 1 November 1993, replacing the [[Soviet rouble|rouble]] at a rate of 1 manat = Rbls 500.<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Linzmayer | first1 = Owen | title = The Banknote Book | chapter = Turkmenistan | publisher = www.BanknoteNews.com | year = 2012 | location = San Francisco, CA | url = http://www.banknotebook.com}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=November 2017}} The manat is subdivided into 100 ''tenge'' ({{langx|tk|teňňe}}).

Due to heavy inflation a '''new manat''' was introduced on 1 January 2009 at the rate of 5,000 old manats to 1 new manat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.turkmenistan.ru/?page_id=3&lang_id=en&elem_id=13549&type=event&sort=date_desc|title=Turkmenistan's 5000 manat to equal 1 manat after denomination|date=2008-09-06}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The word ''"manat"'' is derived from the Russian word монета ("moneta") meaning "coin," which derived from [[Latin]] ''[[Moneta|Monēta]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Definition of Manat|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/manat|website=Dictionary by Merriam-Webster|access-date=19 March 2018}}</ref> It was used as the name of the [[Soviet ruble#Ruble in the Soviet Union|Soviet currency]] in Turkmen ({{langx|tk-Cyrl|манат}}) and in [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]].

==Coins==
In 1993, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 tenge. The 1, 5, and 10 tenge were struck in copper-plated-steel, with the higher denominations in nickel-plated-steel. This first series of coins was short lived as their metal value soon became worth more than their actual face value. After a period of high inflation, new coins of 500 and 1,000 manats were introduced in 1999. All coins of this period had to depict the incumbent president by law.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="8"| Coins of the Turkmen manat (First manat)
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Diameter (millimeters)!!rowspan="2"| Composition !!colspan="2"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Date of issue
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 05.jpg|40px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 06.jpg|40px]]
| 1 tenge
| 16 mm
| rowspan="3" | [[Copper]]-plated [[steel]]
| rowspan="3" | Saparmurat Niyazov
| rowspan="3" | Value in center of flower-like design within circle
| rowspan="3" | 1993
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 07.jpg|49px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 08.jpg|49px]]
| 5 tenge
| 19.5 mm
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 09.jpg|56px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 10.jpg|56px]]
| 10 tenge
| 22.5 mm
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"|[[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 03.jpg|52px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 04.jpg|52px]]
| 20 tenge
| 20.9 mm
| rowspan="2" | [[Nickel]]-plated [[steel]]
| rowspan="4" |Saparmurat Niyazov
|Value in center of flower-like design within circle
| rowspan="2" |1993
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 13.jpg|60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 14.jpg|60px]]
| 50 tenge
| 24 mm
| Value above Cornucopia with a goat head
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 11.jpg|52px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 12.jpg|52px]]
| 500 manat
| 20.9 mm
| rowspan="2" | [[Nickel]]-clad [[steel]]
| rowspan="2" | Denomination, date below
| rowspan="2" | 1999
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 01.jpg|60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coins of Turkmenistan 02.jpg|60px]]
| 1,000 manat
| 24 mm
|-
|colspan="8"|{{Standard coin table notice|standard_scale=Y|BrE=Y}}
|}

During the monetary reform of 2009, new coins of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 tenge were issued with bimetallic 1 and 2 manats following in 2010. The 1, 2, and 5 tenge are nickel-plated steel while the 10, 20, and 50 tenge are struck in brass. Instead of depicting the current head of state the coins feature a map of Turkmenistan with the Independence Tower superimposed in front of it. All circulating coins of Turkmenistan are struck by the [[Royal Mint]].

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="8"| Coins of the Turkmen manat (Second manat)
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Diameter (millimeters)!!rowspan="2"| Composition !!colspan="2"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Date of issue
|-
! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 05.jpg|40px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 06.jpg|40px]]
| 1 tenge
| 16 mm
| rowspan="3" | [[Nickel]]-plated [[steel]]
| rowspan="8" | Monument of Independence superimposed on the map of Turkmenistan, the text {{langx|tk|Garaşsyz Bitarap Türkmenistan}}, meaning "Independent Neutral Turkmenistan"
| rowspan="8" | Denomination and date
| rowspan="6" | 2009
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 07.jpg|45px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 08.jpg|45px]]
| 2 tenge
| 18 mm
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 09.jpg|50px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 10.jpg|50px]]
| 5 tenge
| 20 mm
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"|[[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 11.jpg|55px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 12.jpg|55px]]
| 10 tenge
| 22 mm
| rowspan="3" | [[Brass]]
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 13.jpg|60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 14.jpg|60px]]
| 20 tenge
| 24 mm
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 15.jpg|65px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 16.jpg|65px]]
| 50 tenge
| 26 mm
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 01.jpg|68px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 02.jpg|68px]]
| 1 manat
| 27 mm
| Bimetallic: [[Cupronickel|copper-nickel]] center in [[brass]] ring
| 2010
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 03.jpg|70px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="white"| [[File:Coin of Turkmenistan 04.jpg|70px]]
| 2 manat
| 28 mm
| Bimetallic: [[brass]] center in [[Cupronickel|copper-nickel]] ring
|2010
|-
|colspan="8"|{{Standard coin table notice|standard_scale=Y|BrE=Y}}
|}

==Banknotes==

==={{anchor|TMM}}First manat (TMM, 1993—2009)===
{{Infobox currency
| name = First Turkmen manat
| iso_code = TMM
| qid=Q115215960
| image_1 = Turkmenistan 007.jpg
| image_title_1 = 500 manat banknote of the first manat.
| image_width_1 = 200
| using_countries = {{flagicon|Turkmenistan}} [[Turkmenistan]]
| inflation_rate = 992.39%
| inflation_source_date = ''[https://www.statista.com/statistics/1034335/inflation-rate-in-turkmenistan/ Statista]'', 1996 est.
| used_coins = 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 tenge, 500 and 1,000 manat
| used_banknotes = 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1,000, 5,000, and 10,000 manat
| obsolete = yes
}}

In 1993, manat notes were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 500 manat, replacing the Soviet rouble. These were followed by notes for 1,000 manat in 1995 and 5,000 and 10,000 manat in 1996. In 2005, a new series of notes was introduced in denominations of 50, 100, 500, 1,000, 5,000, and 10,000 manat. All notes, with exception of the 1 and 5 manat banknotes bear a portrait of former president [[Saparmurat Niyazov|Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov Turkmenbashi]]. All Turkmen banknotes are produced by the [[De La Rue]] printing and banknote company.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="10"| Banknotes of the Turkmenistan manat (First manat)
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions (millimeters)!!rowspan="2"| Main Color !!colspan="2"| Description !!rowspan="2"| Date of issue !!rowspan="2"| Date of first issue !!rowspan="2"| Watermark
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-1-manat-banknote-1993.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-1-manat-banknote-1993.html]
| 1 manat
| 120 × 60 mm
| Orange and red
| Ylymlar academy, Aşgabat
| Ilarslanyn Ýadygarligi mausoleum
| rowspan="3" | 1993
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-5-manat-banknote-1993.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-5-manat-banknote-1993.html]
| 5 manat
| 125 × 62.5 mm
| Blue
| Bazçylyk Okuw Polytechnic Institute, Aşgabat
| Abu Seýidiň mausoleum
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-10-manat-banknote-1993-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-10-manat-banknote-1993-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| 10 manat
| 133 × 66 mm
| Brown
| Turkmenistan Relationship building (Aşgabat), President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]] (1940–2006)
| Tekesiň mausoleum
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-20-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-20-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| [[20 manat|20 manat]]
| 139 × 69 mm
| Blue and white
| National library (Aşgabat), President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| Astanababa mausoleum
| rowspan="4" | 1993 1995
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-50-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-50-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| [[50 manat|50 manat]]
| 144 × 72 mm
| Orange and brown
| Soviet Honor monument, President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| Anew mosque
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-100-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-100-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| 100 manat
| 150 × 75 mm
| Blue and orange
| Prezident Köşgi (President's Palace, Aşgabat), President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| Sultan Sanjariň mausoleum
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-500-manat-banknote-1993-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-500-manat-banknote-1993-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| 500 manat
| rowspan="7" | 156 × 78 mm
| Red and violet
| National theatre (Aşgabat), President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| Törebeg Hanymyň mausoleum
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-1000-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-1000-manat-banknote-1995-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| 1,000 manat
| Green and red
| rowspan="3" | Prezident Köşgi (President's Palace, Aşgabat), President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| rowspan="3" | [[Emblem of Turkmenistan|National emblem of Turkmenistan]]
| 1995
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-5000-manat-banknote-2000-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-5000-manat-banknote-2000-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| 5,000 manat
| Violet
| 1996
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-10000-manat-banknote-1996-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-10000-manat-banknote-1996-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| rowspan="4"|10,000 manat
| rowspan="3"|Blue and brown
| 1996 1999 2000
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-10000-manat-banknote-1998-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-10000-manat-banknote-1998-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| rowspan="3"|Türkmenbaşi Köşgi (Turkmenbashi's Palace, Aşgabat), President [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| Saparmurat Haji mosque
| 1998 1999
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-10000-manat-banknote-2000-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-currency-money-10000-manat-banknote-2000-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| [[Neutrality Monument]], [[Ruhyýet Palace]], Aşgabat
| 2000
|
|
|-
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-10000-manat-banknote-2003-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
|align="center" | [https://moneycurrencypictures.blogspot.com/2018/10/turkmenistan-money-currency-10000-manat-banknote-2003-turkmenbashi-president-saparmurat-niyazov.html]
| Light brown
| [[Independence Monument, Ashgabat|Monument of Independence and Peace]], Aşgabat
| 2003 2005
|
|
|-
|}

===First manat (second issue)===
In 2005, a new series of manat banknotes was introduced. They had originally been intended to replace the first manat at a fixed rate, with 1 equal to 1,000 of the first manat, but the revaluation was postponed and this issue was released to circulate with previous manat issues. The series of notes was introduced in denominations of 50, 100, 500, 1,000, 5,000, and 10,000 manats. Two new coins were also introduced in only two denominations, 500 and 1,000 manats. Both the first and second issue manat banknotes circulated in tandem until the issue of the redenominated issue in 2009.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|+Banknotes of the first manat, second issue
|-
! colspan="2"|Image
! rowspan="2"|Value
! rowspan="2"|Dimensions
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Main colour
! colspan="3"|Description
! colspan="3"|Date of
! rowspan="2"|{{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
! style="max-width:109px;width:109px"|Obverse
! style="max-width:109px;width:109px"|Reverse
! Obverse
! Reverse
! style="width:10%"|Watermark
! printing
! issue
! withdrawal
|-
| style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:50 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 a.jpg|101px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:50 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 b.jpg|101px]]
| 50 manat
| 144 × 72 mm
| style="background:#C080FF;width:0"| || Purple
| rowspan="5" | [[Emblem of Turkmenistan]], [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| [[Yanardag]], Aşgabat Hippodrome
| rowspan="5" | Saparmurat Niyazov and his signature
| rowspan="5" | 2005
| rowspan="5" | c. 2005
| rowspan="5" | 31 December 2010
| rowspan="5" | <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2005">{{cite web|title=Banknotes of 2005|url=https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_05.html|website=Central Bank of Turkmenistan|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227191037/https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_05.html|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Ashgabat|language=tk|date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:100 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 a.jpg|105px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:100 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 b.jpg|105px]]
| 100 manat
| 150 × 75 mm
| style="background:#FF8080"| || Red
| [[Central Bank of Turkmenistan|Central Bank building]], Ashgabat
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:500 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 a.jpg|109px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:500 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 b.jpg|109px]]
| 500 manat
| rowspan="3" | 156 × 78 mm
| style="background:#C0A080"| || Brown
| Turkmen jewellery
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:1000 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 a.jpg|109px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:1000 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 b.jpg|109px]]
| 1,000 manat
| style="background:#80C080"| || Green
| rowspan="2" | [[Oguzhan Presidential Palace]], Aşgabat
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:5000 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 a.jpg|109px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:5000 manat. Türkmenistan, 2005 b.jpg|109px]]
| 5,000 manat
| style="background:#80C0FF"| || Blue
|-
|colspan="13"|{{Standard banknote table notice|standard_scale=Y}}
|}

==={{anchor|TMT}}Second manat===
After hyperinflation significantly devalued the currency, a new manat with a fixed exchange rate was introduced, replacing the old manat on a ratio of 5,000 old manats = 1 new manat. Banknotes in this series were printed in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, and 500 manats. As part of an effort by the Turkmen government to dismantle Niyazov's extensive [[cult of personality]] and help politically disambiguate the current rule, only the highest valued banknote, 500 manats, bears a portrait of the former leader. The 500 manat note has yet to be released into circulation. The other denominations feature images of buildings in [[Ashgabat]] or technological achievements ([[TurkmenSat 1]]) and portraits of [[Ahmed Sanjar]], [[Oghuz Khan]], [[Magtymguly Pyragy]] and other figures in Turkmen history.<ref>[http://www.gundogar.org/?013045158000000000000011000000 Манаты без Туркменбаши, Аскар Турсунбаев, Гундогар] {{in lang|ru}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|+Banknotes of the second manat
|-
! colspan="2"|Image
! rowspan="2"|Value
! rowspan="2"|Dimensions
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Main colour
! colspan="3"|Description
! colspan="3"|Date of
! rowspan="2"|{{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
! style="max-width:109px;width:109px"|Obverse
! style="max-width:109px;width:109px"|Reverse
! Obverse
! Reverse
! style="width:10%"|Watermark
! printing
! issue
! withdrawal
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:1_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_a.jpg|84px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:1_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|84px]]
| rowspan="3"|1 manat
| rowspan="3"|120 × 60 mm
| rowspan="3" style="background:#A0E080;width:0"| || rowspan="3"|Green and orange
| [[Emblem of Turkmenistan]], [[Tughril|Togrul Beg Türkmen]]
| [[Turkmenistan Cultural Centre]], Ashgabat
| rowspan="3"|Togrul Beg Türkmen, [[Hilal (crescent moon)|crescent moon]] and five stars from the [[flag of Turkmenistan|flag]], denomination
| {{ubl|2009|2012|2014}}
| 1 January 2009
| rowspan="18" |''Current''
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2009">{{cite web|title=Banknotes of 2009|url=https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_09.html|website=Central Bank of Turkmenistan|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227170230/https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_09.html|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Ashgabat|language=tk|date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2012">{{cite web|title=Modified banknotes of 2012|url=https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_12.html|website=Central Bank of Turkmenistan|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227183959/https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_12.html|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Ashgabat|language=tk|date=17 March 2021}}</ref><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2014">{{cite web|title=Modified banknotes of 2014|url=https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_14.html|website=Central Bank of Turkmenistan|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227184000/https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_14.html|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Ashgabat|language=tk|date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:Turkmenistan banknote - 2017 series - 1 manat - reverse.jpg|84px]]
| As above, with the [[2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games]] logo
| [[Ashgabat International Airport]], [[TurkmenSat 1]]
| 2017
| 17 September 2017
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2017">{{cite web|title=Modified banknotes of 2017|url=https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_17.html|website=Central Bank of Turkmenistan|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227184002/https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_17.html|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Ashgabat|language=tk|date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:1 Manat (Schein, 2020) - Rückseite.jpg|84px]]
| As above, with the [[Day of Neutrality|25th anniversary of neutrality]] logo
| [[Turkmenbashi International Seaport]], TurkmenSat 1
| 2020
| 12 December 2020
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2020">{{cite web|title=Modified banknotes of 2020|url=https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_20.html|website=Central Bank of Turkmenistan|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227184028/https://www.cbt.tm/tm/money/tm_manat_20.html|archive-date=27 December 2022|location=Ashgabat|language=tk|date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:5_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_a.jpg|88px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:5_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|88px]]
| rowspan="3"|5 manat
| rowspan="3"|126 × 63 mm
| rowspan="3" style="background:#C0A080"| || rowspan="3"|Brown
| Emblem of Turkmenistan, [[Ahmad Sanjar|Soltan Sanjar Türkmen]]
| [[Independence Monument, Ashgabat|Independence]] and [[Neutrality Monument|Neutrality]] Monuments, Ashgabat
| rowspan="3"|Soltan Sanjar Türkmen, crescent moon and five stars from the flag, denomination
| {{ubl|2009|2012}}
| 1 January 2009
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2009"/><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2012"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:Turkmenistan banknote - 2017 series - 5 manat - reverse.jpg|88px]]
| As above, with the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games logo
| [[Ashgabat Velodrome]]
| 2017
| 17 September 2017
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2017"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:5_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|88px]]
| As above, with the 25th anniversary of neutrality logo
| Independence and Neutrality Monuments, Ashgabat
| 2020
| 12 December 2020
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2020"/>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:10_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_a.jpg|92px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:10_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|92px]]
| rowspan="3"|10 manat
| rowspan="3"|132 × 66 mm
| rowspan="3" style="background:#FF8080"| || rowspan="3"|Red
| Emblem of Turkmenistan, [[Magtymguly Pyragy]]
| [[Central Bank of Turkmenistan|Central Bank building]], Ashgabat
| rowspan="3"|Magtymguly Pyragy, crescent moon and five stars from the flag, denomination
| {{ubl|2009|2012}}
| 1 January 2009
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2009"/><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2012"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:Turkmenistan banknote - 2017 series - 10 manat - reverse.jpg|92px]]
| As above, with the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games logo
| Martial Arts Arena, Ashgabat
| 2017
| 17 September 2017
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2017"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:10_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|92px]]
| As above, with the 25th anniversary of neutrality logo
| Central Bank building, Ashgabat
| 2020
| 12 December 2020
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2020"/>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:20_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_a.jpg|97px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:20_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|97px]]
| rowspan="3"|20 manat
| rowspan="3"|138 × 69 mm
| rowspan="3" style="background:#C080FF"| || rowspan="3"|Purple
| Emblem of Turkmenistan, [[Epic of Koroghlu|Görogly Beg Türkmen]]
| [[Ruhyýet Palace|Rukhyet Palace]], Ashgabat
| rowspan="3"|Görogly Beg Türkmen, crescent moon and five stars from the flag, denomination
| {{ubl|2009|2012}}
| 1 January 2009
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2009"/><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2012"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:Turkmenistan banknote - 2017 series - 20 manat - reverse.jpg|97px]]
| As above, with the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games logo
| [[Ashgabat Main Indoor Arena|Main Indoor Arena]], Ashgabat
| 2017
| 17 September 2017
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2017"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:20_manat._Türkmenistan,_2012_b.jpg|97px]]
| As above, with the 25th anniversary of neutrality logo
| Rukhyet Palace, Ashgabat
| 2020
| 12 December 2020
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2020"/>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:50_manat._Türkmenistan,_2009_a.jpg|101px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:50_manat._Türkmenistan,_2009_b.jpg|101px]]
| rowspan="3"|50 manat
| rowspan="3"|144 × 72 mm
| rowspan="3" style="background:#80C080"| || rowspan="3"|Green
| Emblem of Turkmenistan, [[Book of Dede Korkut|Gorgut Ata Türkmen]]
| [[Assembly of Turkmenistan|Assembly of Turkmenistan building]], Ashgabat
| rowspan="3"|Gorgut Ata Türkmen, crescent moon and five stars from the flag, denomination
| {{ubl|2009|2014}}
| 1 January 2009
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2009"/><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2014"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:Turkmenistan banknote - 2017 series - 50 manat - reverse.jpg|101px]]
| As above, with the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games logo
| Indoor Athletics Arena, Ashgabat
| 2017
| 17 September 2017
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2017"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:50_manat._Türkmenistan,_2009_b.jpg|101px]]
| As above, with the 25th anniversary of neutrality logo
| Assembly of Turkmenistan building, Ashgabat
| 2020
| 12 December 2020
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2020"/>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="background:#000;text-align:right"|[[File:100_manat._Türkmenistan,_2014_a.jpg|105px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:100_manat._Türkmenistan,_2014_b.jpg|105px]]
| rowspan="3"|100 manat
| rowspan="3"|150 × 75 mm
| rowspan="3" style="background:#80C0FF"| || rowspan="3"|Blue
| Emblem of Turkmenistan, [[Oghuz Khagan|Oguz Khan Türkmen]]
| [[Oguzhan Presidential Palace]], Ashgabat
| rowspan="3"|Oguz Khan Türkmen, crescent moon and five stars from the flag, denomination
| {{ubl|2009|2014}}
| 1 January 2009
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2009"/><ref name="tmb-banknotes-2014"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:Turkmenistan banknote - 2017 series - 100 manat - reverse.jpg|105px]]
| As above, with the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games logo
| [[Saparmurat Turkmenbashy Olympic Stadium|Olympic Stadium]], Ashgabat
| 2017
| 17 September 2017
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2017"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:100_manat._Türkmenistan,_2014_b.jpg|105px]]
| As above, with the 25th anniversary of neutrality logo
| Oguzhan Presidential Palace, Ashgabat
| 2020
| 12 December 2020
| <ref name="tmb-banknotes-2020"/>
|-
| style="background:#000"|[[File:500 manat. Türkmenistan, 2009 a.jpg|109px]]
| style="background:#000"|[[File:500 manat. Türkmenistan, 2009 b.jpg|109px]]
| 500 manat
| 156 × 78 mm
| style="background:#FFC080"| || Orange
| Emblem of Turkmenistan, [[Saparmurat Niyazov]]
| [[Türkmenbaşy Ruhy Mosque]], Gypjak
| Saparmurat Niyazov, crescent moon and five stars from the flag, denomination
| 2009
| colspan="2"|''Never issued''
| <ref name="bn-20090109">{{cite web|last1=Linzmayer|first1=Owen|title=Turkmenistan new note family confirmed|url=https://banknotenews.com/?p=17164|website=BanknoteNews|access-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205174303/https://banknotenews.com/?p=17164|archive-date=5 December 2021|location=Virginia Beach|language=en-us|date=9 January 2009}}</ref>
|-
|colspan="13"|{{Standard banknote table notice|standard_scale=Y}}
|}

===Exchange rates===
The exchange rate is fixed.

*Before Apr 2009: US$1 = 1.04 manat
*Apr 2009 - Jan 2015: US$1 = 2.85 manats
*Jan 2015 onwards: US$1 = 3.5 manats

A black market for exchange rate exists as cash exchanges are forbidden by law in Turkmenistan. The parallel exchange rate varied between 40–41m per U.S. dollar {{as of|2021|4|10|lc=y}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Currency Collapse Mirrors Turkmenistan's Extreme Economic Woes|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/currency-collapse-turkmenistan-economic-woes/31193958.html|access-date=2021-04-06|website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty|language=en}}</ref>
{{Exchange rate|TMT|RUB}}

==See also==
*[[Economy of Turkmenistan]]
*[[Azerbaijani manat]]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
*{{numis cite SCWC | date=1991}}
*{{numis cite SCWPM | date=1994}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* [http://www.tfeb.gov.tm/eng/press021.html New currency samples] - images of the new 2009 Manat
* {{CISCoins|Turkmenistan}}

{{n-start|title=First manat}}
{{n-before|currency=[[Russian rouble]]|reason=independence from the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]|ratio=1 first manat = 500 roubles}}
{{n-currency|location=[[Turkmenistan]]|start=1 November 1993|end=31 December 2008}}
{{n-after|currency=Second manat|reason=inflation|ratio=1 second manat = 5,000 first manats}}
{{end}}

{{n-start|title=Second manat}}
{{n-before|currency=First manat|reason=inflation|ratio=1 second manat = 5,000 first manats}}
{{n-currency|location=[[Turkmenistan]]|start=1 January 2009}}
{{n-after}}
{{end}}

{{Currencies of Asia}}
{{Currencies of post-Soviet states}}
{{Portal bar|Asia|Money|Numismatics|Turkmenistan}}

[[Category:Currencies of Turkmenistan]]
[[Category:Currencies introduced in 1993]]
[[Category:Currencies of Asia]]
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]
[[Category:Fixed exchange rate]]

Afghan afghani

2025-11-03T21:22:56Z

2601:C6:C481:350:65E2:F834:A497:C851: /* Banknotes */

{{short description|Currency of Afghanistan}}
{{Other uses|Afghani (disambiguation){{!}}Afghani}}
{{Infobox currency
| name = Afghani
| local_name = افغانۍ افغانی
| local_name_lang = ps
| replaced_currency = [[Afghan rupee]]
| image_1 =
| image_title_1 = 50 afghani note (obverse)
| iso_code = AFN
| iso_comment = before 2003: {{ISO 4217|AFA}}
| date_of_introduction = 1923
| using_countries = [[Afghanistan]]
| inflation_rate = -1.75% (2024 est.)
| inflation_source_date = [https://www.dab.gov.af/inflation-rate Da Afghanistan Bank] [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/afghanistan/#economy The World Factbook]
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = [[Afghan pul|pul]]
| symbol = {{big|1=؋}} ([[File:U+060B.svg|frameless|upright=0.2]])
| symbol_comment = or '''Af''' (singular) and '''Afs''' (plural)<ref name="DAB">Da Afghanistan Bank. "[http://www.centralbank.gov.af/pdf/CapitalNotesIssuanceAndAuctionRegulation.pdf Capital Notes Issuance and Auction] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513011551/http://www.centralbank.gov.af/pdf/CapitalNotesIssuanceAndAuctionRegulation.pdf |date=2013-05-13 }}." Accessed 26 Feb 2011.</ref>
| used_coins = Af. 1, Afs. 2 and Afs. 5
| used_banknotes = Afs. 10, Afs. 20, Afs. 50, Afs. 100, Afs. 500 and Afs. 1,000
| printer = {{ill|Polska Wytwórnia Papierów Wartościowych|pl|lt=Polish Security Printing Works}}<ref name="TOLO-180679">{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/business-180679 |title=First Batch of Afghani Banknotes Arrived in Kabul: Source |work=TOLOnews |date=November 9, 2022 |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref> Oberthur Fiduciarie<ref name="TOLO-180776">{{cite news |last1=Hakimi |first1=Bibi Amina |title=Contract Signed to Print 390 Million Afghani Banknotes |url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-180776 |access-date=1 November 2024 |work=TOLOnews |date=16 November 2022}}</ref>
| printer_website = {{URL|www.pwpw.pl}} {{URL|www.oberthur-fiduciaire.com}}
| issuing_authority = [[Da Afghanistan Bank]]<ref name="TOLO-181758"/>
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|www.dab.gov.af/}}
}}

The '''afghani''' ([[currency sign|sign]]: {{huge|1=؋}} or '''Af''' (plural: '''Afs''')<ref name="DAB"/> [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''AFN'''; {{langx|ps|افغانۍ}}; {{langx|prs|افغانی}}) is the official [[currency]] of [[Afghanistan]], a status it has held since the 1920s.<ref name="TOLO-184710"/> It is nominally subdivided into 100 ''[[Afghan pul|pul]]s'' (پول), although there are no pul coins in circulation these days.{{When|date=May 2023}} Printed in [[Poland]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ariananews.af/afghanistans-central-bank-gets-shipment-of-new-banknotes/ |title=Afghanistan's central bank gets shipment of new banknotes |work=Ariana News |date=November 10, 2022 |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref> the afghani currency is managed solely by the nation's [[central bank]], [[Da Afghanistan Bank]] (DAB).<ref name="TOLO-181758">{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-181758 |title=New Banknotes Distributed to Commercial Banks |work=TOLOnews |date=January 25, 2023 |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ariananews.af/dab-confirms-the-newly-printed-afghani-banknotes-are-still-not-in-circulation/ |title=DAB confirms the newly printed Afghani banknotes are still not in circulation |work=Ariana News |date=December 20, 2022 |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref>

The afghani was introduced in 1923 but is still informally referred to as a ''[[rupee]]'' by some in conversation and transactions,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://subhekabul.com/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85-%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF/|title=آیس‌کریم فروشی با آرزوهای بزرگ در روزی از این‌ روزها، وقتی از خانه می‌برآیم، پیش از آن ‌که نگاهم به کراچی آیس‌کریم ‌فروش بیفتد، صدای اعلان آن به گوشم می‌رسد. می‌بینم که کراچی آیس‌کریم با همان رنگِ سرخش در انتهای کوچه‌ی خانه‌ی ما قرار دارد. چند قدمی برمی‌دارم و به آن نزدیک می‌شوم. آیس‌کریم ‌فروش‌ها معمولا و تا آن‌جایی که من دیده‌ام، نوجوانان بوده‌اند. این آیس‌کریم‌ فروش نیز، نوجوانی است سیزده ساله که مسیح نام دارد|website=Subhekabul.com|access-date=3 February 2022|language=fa}}</ref> a legacy of its predecessing [[Afghan rupee]] currency.<ref name="bayani">{{cite web |url=https://bayanifoundation.com/HistoryLiterature/BankNotessAmanullahKhan.html |title=بانکنوت های زمان امان الله خان |language=fa}}</ref> Its current [[exchange rate]] is around 65 afghanis for 1 [[United States dollar]].<ref name="Afghani reverses to 7-year old value against US dollar">{{cite news |url=https://pajhwok.com/2023/11/12/afghani-reverses-to-7-year-old-value-against-us-dollar/ |title=Afghani reverses to 7-year old value against US dollar |work=Pajhwok Afghan News |date=12 November 2023 |access-date=2023-11-13}}</ref><ref name="Business"/><ref name="Today’s Currency Rate"/>

==History==
==={{anchor|AFA}}First Afghani (1923–2002)===
{{Coin image box 1 double
| header = 5 Afghan afghani (1961/62)
| image = File:5 Afghani (1961).jpg
| caption_left = '''Obverse''': Portrait of [[Mohammad Zahir Shah]] with lettering "* محمد ظاهر * دافغانستان" (''Mohammad Zahir Afghanistan'') on top and "۱۳۴۰-۱۳۸۱" (1381 - 1340).
| caption_right = '''Reverse''': Wheat ear flank on the side and denomination in the centre. Lettering "پنج" (five), "۵" (5) and "افغانی" (Afghanis).
| width = 250
| footer = Afghani coin from the reign of Zahir Shah, who was [[king of Afghanistan]] from 1933 to 1973. This coin was minted in c. 1962, corresponding to [[Hijri year|Lunar Hijri year]] 1381 and [[Solar Hijri]] year 1340.
| position = right
| margin = 0
}}

{{Coin image box 1 double
| header = 5 afghani (c. 1973)
| image =
| caption_left = '''Obverse''': [[Emblem of Afghanistan]] (1974 to 1978 version) surrounded by lettering "د افغانستان جمهوريت" (''The Republic of Afghanistan'') and "د چنګاښ ۱۳٥۲-۲٦" (''[[Čungāx̌|Cancer]] 26th 1352'').
| caption_right = '''Reverse''': Denomination surrounded by grain sprig wreath. Lettering "پنجه" (Five), "۵" (5) and "افغانی" (Afghanis).
| width = 250
| footer = The date on this coin refers to the [[1973 Afghan coup d'état|republican revolution of 1973]], corresponding to [[Solar Hijri calendar|Solar Hijri year]] 1352
| position = right
| margin = 0
}}

The original afghani ([[ISO 4217]] code: AFA) was introduced in 1923 during the era of [[List of heads of state of Afghanistan#Monarchs|King]] [[Amanullah Khan]],<ref name="TOLO-184710">{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/business-184710 |title=Remembering King Amanullah Khan's Economic Reforms |work=TOLOnews |date=August 19, 2023 |access-date=2023-08-26}}</ref><ref name="bayani"/> replacing the [[Afghan rupee]] that was used since 1891.<ref name="Coins and Banknotes">{{cite web|title=Coins and Banknotes|url=http://www.dab.gov.af/Banknote|publisher=Da Afghanistan بللبفصکنکبگبککزنرکمب کبنبککبنبنکنوو|year=2019|access-date=2019-04-18}}</ref> In addition to being subdivided into 100 puls, 20 afghanis were equal to one ''amani''. The rate of conversion from the [[rupee]] is sometimes quoted as 1 afghani = 1 rupee 6 paisas,<ref>{{numis cite TMMH|region=asia|access-date=2007-08-27}}</ref> based on the silver contents of the last rupee coins and the first afghani coins. The afghani initially contained 9 grams of silver.<ref>{{numis cite SCWC|date=1991}}</ref> Alongside the new currency, the various units of weight used in Afghanistan were replaced by a single [[metric system]].<ref name="fars">{{cite news|url=https://www.farsnews.ir/news/13931023000330/فراز-و-فرود-اسکناس‌های-افغانستان-در-گذر-زمان-تصاویر|title=خبرگزاری فارس - فراز و فرود اسکناس‌های افغانستان در گذر زمان+ تصاویر|date=January 13, 2015|website=خبرگزاری فارس|language=fa}}</ref>

Except during [[World War I]], Afghanistan's foreign exchange rate has been freely determined by market forces.<ref name="fry1">Fry, Maxwell J. (1976) "A Monetary Approach to Afghanistan's Flexible Exchange Rate", ''Journal of Money, Credit and Banking,'' Vol. 8 (2): 219-225</ref> However, for some periods, a [[dual exchange rate]] regime existed in Afghanistan: an official exchange rate which was fixed by the major banks in the country, and a [[free market]] exchange rate which was determined by the supply and demand forces in Kabul's money [[bazaar]] called ''Saraye Shahzada''.<ref name="fry2">Fry, Maxwell J. (1974) "The Afghan Economy: Money, Finance, and the Critical Constraints to Economic Development", Brill Publications, Leiden, Holland</ref> For example, in order to avoid the seasonal fluctuations in the exchange rate, a fixed exchange rate was adopted in 1935 by the [[Bank-e-Millie Afghan|Bank-e-Millie]] (National Bank), which was then responsible for the country's exchange rate system and official reserves.<ref name="fry2" /> Bank-e-Millie agreed to exchange afghani at Afs. 4 against 1 [[Indian rupee]] in 1935. After the establishment of [[Da Afghanistan Bank]] (DAB) as the central bank of Afghanistan, such a preferential official fixed exchange rate continued to be practiced. Although DAB tried to keep its official rate close to the Sarai Shahzada exchange rate, the gap between the official and free-market exchange rates widened in the 1980s and during the civil war thereafter.

The afghani traded at Afs. 67 to one US dollar in 1973. After the start of a civil war in 1992, the same US dollar bought Afs. 16,000.<ref name="mediamonitors.net">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mediamonitors.net/perspectives/all-change-for-afghan-currency/|title=All Change for Afghan Currency|website=Mediamonitors.net|date=14 September 2002}}</ref> Banknotes from the period of [[Mohammed Zahir Shah|Zahir Shah]]'s [[monarchy]] ceased to be [[legal tender]] by 1991. After the [[Peshawar Accord|creation]] of a dysfunctional government and the start of the civil war, different warlords and factions, foreign powers and forgers each made their own afghani banknotes to support themselves financially, with no regard to standardization or honoring serial numbers.

In December 1996, shortly after the [[Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)|Taliban]] took control of Afghanistan's institutions, [[Ehsanullah Ehsan (banker)|Ehsanullah Ehsan]], the chairman of the Taliban's Central Bank, declared most afghani notes in circulation to be worthless (approximately 100 [[Orders of magnitude (numbers)#1012|trillion]] Afghani) and cancelled the contract with the [[Russia]]n firm that had been printing the currency since 1992. Ehsan accused the firm of sending new shipments of afghani notes to ousted President [[Burhanuddin Rabbani]] in northern [[Takhar province]]. The exchange rate at the time of Ehsan's announcement was Afs. 21,000 to one US dollar. It was then devalued to Afs. 43,000 to the dollar. [[Abdul Rashid Dostum]], who militarily controlled [[Jowzjan Province]] and nearby Uzbek villages, also printed his own money for a short time.

During late 2001 and early 2002, the currency became highly destabilized. The afghani traded at Afs. 73,000 per US$1 in September 2001, steeply soaring to Afs. 23,000 after the Taliban was replaced by a new government under [[Hamid Karzai]] in December 2001, before plunging again to Afs. 36,000 in January 2002.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/1793740.stm|title=Chaos in Kabul amid currency rumours|date=31 January 2002|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Around seven different versions of the currency were in circulation by that time. A former governor said at the time that maybe "trillions" of banknotes are in circulation as a result.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1790313.stm|title=Dollar could be Afghan stopgap|date=30 January 2002|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

==={{anchor|AFN}}Second Afghani (2002–present)===
In 2002, the afghani was redenominated, and it received a new [[ISO 4217]] code AFN. No subdivisions were issued. It replaced the previous afghani at two distinct rates: issues of the government of former President Rabbani (''[[de jure]]'' 1992–2001) were replaced at a rate of 1,000 to the new afghani, while the issues of Dostum (1992–1997 in northern Afghanistan) were replaced at a rate of 2,000 to the new afghani. It was created in an effort to stabilize the economy and stop the rapid [[inflation]]. The notes were printed in [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/2236075.stm|title=Afghanistan redenominates currency |date=4 September 2002|publisher=BBC}}</ref>

The new currency was announced by President Karzai on 4 September 2002, and was introduced to the market on October 8, 2002.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/central/10/06/afghan.currency/ |title=Afghanistan banks on new currency |date=October 5, 2002 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> This [[monetary reform]] was well received by the public as it was a sign of security and stability, especially the country's rebuilding effort. People also no longer had to carry many bags of money for ordinary things. It was the first time in many years that a sole currency was under the control of the central bank instead of warlords.<ref name="mediamonitors.net"/> Most old banknotes were destroyed by the end of 2002.

Da Afghanistan Bank has adopted a [[floating exchange rate]] regime and let the exchange rate be determined freely by market forces. The new afghani was valued at Afs. 43 to one US dollar.

After depreciating during the last quarter of 2003/04, the afghani appreciated steadily, gaining 8 per cent against the US dollar between March 2004 and July 2004. This appreciation, at a time of increasing inflation, appeared to reflect a greater willingness by the population to use the afghani as a medium of exchange and as a store of value. This trend appeared to be attributable to the relative stability of the exchange rate since the introduction of the new currency, administrative measures aimed at promoting its use, such as the requirement that shopkeepers must price goods in afghani. Donors were increasingly making payments in afghanis instead of US dollars and this appeared to be widely accepted. By 2009, the afghani was valued at Afs. 45 per one US dollar. In 2019, the afghani reached Afs. 75 to the US dollar.<ref name="Afghani Falls Against Dollar By 3% In A Month">{{cite news|url=https://tolonews.com/business/afghani-falls-against-dollar-3-month|title=Afghani Falls Against Dollar By 3% In A Month|work=TOLOnews|date=April 18, 2019|access-date=2019-04-18}}</ref>

After the 2021 re-establishment of the [[Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan]], the nation's [[Afghan frozen assets|foreign assets were frozen]]. IMF blocked the release of $450 million in August.<ref name=aljazeera/> Subsequently, the value of the afghani fell.<ref name=aljazeera>{{cite news|title=Afghanistan's tumbling currency compounds economic crisis|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2021/12/17/afghanistans-tumbling-currency-adds-to-severe-economic-woes|publisher=Al Jazeera}}</ref> The Islamic Emirate has banned all foreign currencies to encourage use of the afghani as national tender.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://pajhwok.com/2023/08/29/use-of-foreign-currencies-to-be-fully-banned-badri/ |title=Use of foreign currencies to be fully banned: Badri |work=Pajhwok Afghan News |date=August 29, 2023 |access-date=2023-03-31}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://pajhwok.com/2023/08/24/18-uruzgan-shopkeepers-detained-for-using-rupees-in-transactions/ |title=18 Uruzgan shopkeepers detained for using rupees in transactions |work=Pajhwok Afghan News |date=August 24, 2023 |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/afghanistan-177592 |title=Foreign Currency Use Prohibited in Nimroz Markets |work=TOLOnews |date=April 15, 2022 |access-date=2023-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=2021-11-03|title=Taliban bans foreign currencies in Afghanistan|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-59129470|access-date=2021-11-03}}</ref> In the third quarter of 2023, the afghani rose to be the best performing currency in the world, climbing over 9% against the [[United States dollar|US dollar]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-25 |title=Taliban Controls the World's Best Performing Currency This Quarter |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-09-25/taliban-controls-world-s-best-performing-currency-this-quarter |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230927053913/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-09-25/taliban-controls-world-s-best-performing-currency-this-quarter|archive-date=2023-09-27|access-date=2023-09-27}}</ref>

==Coinage==
In 1952, aluminium 25 pul and nickel-clad steel 50 pul were introduced, followed by aluminium Afs. 2 and Afs. 5 in 1958. In 1961 nickel-clad steel Af. 1, Afs. 2 and Afs. 5 were minted; the Af. 1 and Afs. 2 coins show years of [[Solar Hijri calendar|SH]] 1340 and the Afs. 5 coin shows the year [[Islamic calendar|AH]] 1381.<ref>{{cite web|title=Afghanistan coins|url=http://en.numista.com/catalogue/afghanistan-12.html?o=y|website=En.numista.com|access-date=17 April 2013}}</ref>

On 11 April 2005, coins were introduced in denominations of Af. 1, Afs. 2 and Afs. 5.<ref>{{cite web|title=Coining Hope In Afghanistan|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/coining-hope-in-afghanistan/|work=CBS News|date=11 April 2005 |access-date=9 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="13"|Coins of the Afghani
|-
! rowspan="2"| Obverse !!rowspan="2"| Reverse !!rowspan="2" | Value !!colspan="3"| Technical parameters !!colspan="3"| Description
|-
! Diameter !! Mass !! Composition !! Edge !! Obverse !! Reverse

|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| colspan=2| [[File:1 Afghan afghani (1961).jpg|300px]]
| Af. 1 (1961)
| 23 mm
| 4.0 g
| [[Nickel]] clad steel
| Reeded
| Wheat, country name and year. Lettering "افغانستان" (Afghanistan), "١٣٤٠" (Year 1340 as per [[Afghan calendar]] i.e. 1961 A.D).
| Denomination surrounded with star at periphery. Lettering "یوة ١ افغاني" (One Afghani).
|-{{Coin-copper-color}}
| [[File:1 Afghan Afghanis Obverse.jpg|150px]]
| [[File:1 Afghan Afghanis Reverse.jpg|150px]]
| Af. 1
| 20 mm
| 3.25 g
| [[Copper]]-plated [[steel]]
| rowspan="2" | Smooth
| rowspan="3" | [[Coat of arms of Afghanistan]]
| rowspan="3" | Denomination and year
|-{{Coin-silver-color}}
| [[File:2 Afghan Afghanis Obverse.jpg|150px]]
| [[File:2 Afghan Afghanis Reverse.jpg|150px]]
| Afs. 2
| 22 mm
| 4.1 g
| [[Stainless Steel]]
|-{{Coin-yellow-color}}
| colspan=2| [[File:5 Afghani (2004).jpg|300px]]
| Afs. 5
| 24 mm
| 5.08 g
| [[Brass]]
| Reeded
|}

==Banknotes==
[[File:500 Afghanis closeup - 06092008.jpg|thumb|200px|Closeup of an Afs. 500 note issued in 1990, featuring a picture of men playing ''[[Buzkashi]]'']]

Between 1925 and 1928, Treasury notes were introduced in denominations of Afs. 5, Afs. 10 and Afs. 50. In 1936, Afs. 2, Afs. 20 and Afs. 100 notes were added. The Bank of Afghanistan (''Da Afghanistan Bank'') took over paper money production in 1939, issuing notes for Afs. 2, Afs. 5, Afs. 10, Afs. 20, Afs. 50, Afs. 100, Afs. 500 and Afs. 1,000. The Afs. 2 and Afs. 5 notes were replaced by coins in 1958. In 1993, Afs. 5,000 and Afs. 10,000 notes were introduced.

<gallery>
File:20 Afghanis (1963, Top).jpg|Afs. 20 banknote during the monarchy, front (1963)
File:20 Afghanis (1963, Back).jpg|Afs. 20 banknote during the monarchy, back (1963)
File:100 Afghanis (1963 - top).jpg|Afs. 100 banknote during the monarchy, front (1963)
File:100 Afghanis (1963 - back).jpg|Afs. 100 banknote during the monarchy, back (1963)
</gallery>

"A 'pothole [[cave]]' or 'mouth of a shaft' (or [[Pit cave]]) is said to be visible on the Afs. 10,000 banknote from 1993 as a limited dark area in the hillside above the ancient 'pol' or gateway at the ruins near [[Lashkar Gah]]. This is possibly the entrance to one of the man-made undergrounds at [[Qala-e-Bost]]."<ref>Gebauer, Herbert Daniel. 2004. Resources on the Speleology of Afghanistan. Berliner Hoehlenkundliche Berichte. Band 14. {{ISSN|1617-8572}}. Page 81.</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="7"| 1978 Series
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2"| Main Color !!colspan="2"| Description
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|[[File:Afegane (desatualizado).png|115px]]
|
| Afs. 10
|115 × 52 mm
|Green
| rowspan="4" |Seal of [[Da Afghanistan Bank]]
|[[Salang Pass]]
|-
|
|
| Afs. 20
|125 × 56 mm
| Orange
|[[Band-e Amir National Park]]
|-
|
|
| Afs. 50
|134 × 58 mm
| Turquoise
| [[Darul Aman Palace]]
|-
|
|
| Afs. 100
|142 × 62 mm
| Pink
| Dam, hydroelectric power station
|-
|[[File:Afg01阿富汗的全国性体育活动——马背叼羊比赛Buzkashi中的骑手.jpg|151px]]
|
|rowspan="2"| Afs. 500
|rowspan="2"|151 × 66 mm
| Purple
|rowspan="2"|Seal of Da Afghanistan Bank, ''[[Buzkashi]]'' players
|rowspan="2"| [[Bala Hissar, Kabul|Bala Hissar]] fortress
|-
|
|
|Orange and green
|-
|
|
| Afs. 1,000
|160 × 70 mm
| Brown
|Seal of Da Afghanistan Bank, [[Shrine of Ali]] mosque
| [[Taq-e Zafar|Taq-e Zafar and Lion Gate]]
|-
| [[File:Afg02砖桥Pul-e Khishti Mosque清真寺，这是阿富汗首都喀布尔最大的清真寺.jpg|165px]]
|
| Afs. 5,000
|165 × 74 mm
| Purple
|Seal of Da Afghanistan Bank, [[Pul-e Khishti Mosque]]
| [[Tomb of Ahmad Shah Durrani]]
|-
|
|
| Afs. 10,000
|170 × 77 mm
| Turquoise
|Seal of Da Afghanistan Bank, [[Great Mosque of Herat]]
| [[Qala-e-Bost]]
|-
|}

On 7 October 2002, banknotes were introduced in denominations of Af. 1, Afs. 2, Afs. 5, Afs. 10, Afs. 20, Afs. 50, Afs. 100, Afs. 500, and Afs. 1,000. The Af. 1, Afs. 2 and Afs. 5 notes were replaced by coins in 2005. In 2004 and 2008, the security features on several denominations were improved. In 2014 a new Afs. 1,000 note was introduced to prevent [[counterfeit]] notes.

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan="8"| 2002 Series <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.centralbank.gov.af/pdf/Banknotes%20Specifications%20and%20Images.pdf |title=Report on Kabul Bank Asset Recovery 30-June-2013 |website= |access-date=3 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513233501/http://www.centralbank.gov.af/pdf/Banknotes%20Specifications%20and%20Images.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
!colspan="2"| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2"| Main Color !!colspan="2"| Description
|-
! Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse
|-
|
|
| Af. 1
|rowspan="3"| 131 × 55 mm
| Pink
|rowspan="3"| Seal of [[Da Afghanistan Bank]] with [[Eucratides I]]-era coin
| Mosque in [[Mazar-i-Sharif]]
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060726131959/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-2Afghanis-SH1381(2002)_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060726002728/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-2Afghanis-SH1381(2002)_b.jpg]
| Afs. 2
| Blue
| [[Taq-e Zafar]]
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926073638/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-5Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926073634/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-5Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 5
| Brown
| [[Bala Hissar, Kabul|Bala Hissar]] fortress
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060727224532/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-10Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060727114201/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-10Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 10
| 136 × 56 mm
| Yellow green
| [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] mausoleum, [[Kandahar]]
| [[Taq-e Zafar|Taq-e Zafar and Lion Gate]]
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926073627/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-20Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926073639/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-20Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 20
| 140 × 58 mm
| Brown
| [[Mahmud of Ghazni]]'s Tomb
| [[Arg (Kabul)|Arg]] King's Palace
|-
|
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926073618/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-50Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 50
| 144 × 60 mm
| Dark green
| [[Shah-Do Shamshira Mosque]]
| [[Salang Pass]]
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060727004109/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-100Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060726133533/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-100Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 100
| 148 × 62 mm
| Violet
| [[Pul-e Khishti Mosque]]
| [[Qala-e-Bost]]
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070926073630/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-500Afghanis-SH1381-2002-donatedsrb_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20060728181616/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-500Afghanis-SH1381-2002-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 500
| 152 × 64 mm
| Blue
| [[Great Mosque of Herat]]
| [[Kandahar International Airport]] tower
|-
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070322185657/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-1000Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_f.jpg]
| [https://web.archive.org/web/20070322190142/http://www.banknoteworld.com/banknotes/Afghanistan/AfghanistanPNew-1000Afghanis-SH1381(2002)-donatedsrb_b.jpg]
| Afs. 1,000
| 156 × 66 mm
| Orange
| [[Shrine of Ali]], [[Mazar-i-Sharif]]
| [[Tomb of Ahmad Shah Durrani]]
|-
|}

==Exchange rate==
The Afghani exchange rate [[wikt:vis-à-vis|vis-à-vis]] the [[United States dollar|U.S. dollar]] since 1950 has been shown in the following table:

{|class="wikitable"
!colspan="3"|Afghani exchange rate (LCU in USD)<ref>Sources: Fry, Maxwell (1976); and "World Development Indicators" database of the World Bank</ref>
|-
!Date!!Free-market exchange rate!!Official exchange rate
|-
|1950||39.0||
|-
|1960||40.8||17.7
|-
|1970||84.8||39.9
|-
|1980|| ||39.2
|-
|2003||49.0||49.0
|-
|2010||45.2||45.2
|-
|2015||68<ref name="Afghani reverses to 7-year old value against US dollar"/>||68<ref name="Afghani reverses to 7-year old value against US dollar"/>
|-
|2019||75<ref name="Afghani Falls Against Dollar By 3% In A Month"/>||75<ref name="Afghani Falls Against Dollar By 3% In A Month"/>
|-
|2024||65<ref name="Afghani reverses to 7-year old value against US dollar"/><ref name="Business">{{cite news |url=https://tolonews.com/business |title=Business |work=TOLOnews |access-date=2023-10-21}}</ref><ref name="Today’s Currency Rate">{{cite news |url=https://www.ariananews.af/?s=Today%E2%80%99s+Currency+Rate |title=Today's Currency Rate |work=Ariana News |access-date=2024-10-21}}</ref>||65<ref name="Afghani reverses to 7-year old value against US dollar"/><ref name="Business"/><ref name="Today’s Currency Rate"/>
|}

{{Exchange rate|AFN}}

==See also==
*[[Economy of Afghanistan]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{numis cite SCWPM|date=1994}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20021022175857/http://numismondo.com/pm/afg/ Afghanistan's paper money] (archived 22 October 2002)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191733/http://www.afghanistan-photos.com/crbst_34.html Ancient banknotes of Afghanistan] (archived 3 March 2016)
*[https://www.mof.gov.af/en Ministry of Finance, Afghanistan]
*[https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=1&From=USD&To=AFN 1 USD to AFN - Convert US Dollars to Afghan Afghanis]
*[https://www.worldcoinscatalog.com/afganistan Afghanistan Coins Catalog]

{{Currencies of Asia}}
{{Afghanistan topics}}
{{Currency symbols}}
{{Portal bar|Afghanistan|Asia|Money|Numismatics}}

[[Category:Currencies of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Currencies introduced in 1923]]
[[Category:Currencies of Asia]]
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]

Czech koruna

2025-11-03T21:15:47Z

2601:C6:C481:350:65E2:F834:A497:C851: /* First series */

{{Short description|Currency of the Czech Republic}}
{{About|the currency|the crown jewel|Crown of Saint Wenceslas}}
{{Redirect|Koruna česká|the political party|Koruna Česká (party)}}
{{redirect|CZK|the airport with IATA code CZK|Cascade Locks State Airport}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
{{Infobox currency
| name = Czech koruna
| local_name = česká koruna
| local_name_lang = cs
| image_1 = CZK_Banknotes_2014.png
| image_title_1 = Czech banknotes
| image_2 = 50 CZK.png
| image_title_2 = 50 Kč coin
| iso_code = CZK
| subunit_name_1 = [[Heller (coin)|haléř]]a
| symbol = Kč
| frequently_used_banknotes = 100 Kč, 200 Kč, 500 Kč, 1,000 Kč, 2,000 Kč
| rarely_used_banknotes = 5,000 Kč
| used_coins = 1 Kč, 2 Kč, 5 Kč, 10 Kč, 20 Kč, 50 Kč
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|100}}
| plural_slavic = Y
| symbol_subunit_1 = h
| banknote_article = Banknotes of the Czech koruna
| coin_article =
| date_of_introduction = 1993
| using_countries = {{flag|Czech Republic}}
| issuing_authority = [[Czech National Bank]]
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|www.cnb.cz}}
| mint = [[Czech Mint|Česká mincovna]]
| mint_website = {{URL|https://ceskamincovna.cz/en/|ceskamincovna.cz}}
| inflation_rate = 2.8%
| inflation_source_date = [https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/inflation_consumer_prices_ekon Czech Statistical Office], November 2024
| inflation_method = [[Consumer price index|CPI]]
| replaced_currency = [[Czechoslovak koruna]]
| footnotes = a) The ''haléř'' is still used for accounting purposes (e.g., financial reports).
}}

The '''koruna''', or '''crown''' ([[currency sign|sign]]: '''Kč'''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''CZK''', {{langx|cs|koruna česká}}), has been the currency of the [[Czech Republic]] since 1993. The koruna is one of the [[European Union]]'s eight currencies, and the Czech Republic is legally bound to [[Czech Republic and the euro|adopt the euro]] in the future.

The official name in [[Czech language|Czech]] is {{lang|cs|koruna česká}} (plural {{lang|cs|koruny české}}, though the [[Null morpheme|zero-suffixed]] [[genitive]] [[plural]] form {{lang|cs|korun českých}} is used on banknotes and coins of value 5 Kč or higher). The [[ISO 4217]] code is CZK and the local acronym is Kč, which is placed after the numeric value (e.g., "50 Kč") or sometimes before it (as is seen on the 10-koruna coin). One crown is made up of 100 ''[[Heller (coin)|hellers]]'' (abbreviated as "h", official name in Czech: [[Grammatical number|singular]]: {{lang|cs|haléř}}, [[Nominative case|nominative]] [[plural]]: {{lang|cs|haléře}}, [[Genitive case|genitive]] [[plural]]: {{lang|cs|haléřů}} – used with numbers higher or equal to 5 – e.g. {{lang|cs|3 haléře, 8 haléřů}}), but hellers have now been withdrawn from circulation, and the smallest unit of physical currency is 1 Kč.

==History==
In 1892, the [[Austro-Hungarian krone]] replaced the [[Austro-Hungarian gulden|gulden]] at the rate of two kronen to one gulden (which is also the reason why the 10 Kč coin had been nicknamed {{lang|cs|pětka}} or "fiver" - and has been in use in informal conversation up until nowadays). The name was suggested by the emperor, [[Franz Joseph I of Austria]]. After Austria-Hungary dissolved in 1918, [[Czechoslovakia]] was the only successor state to retain the name of its imperial-era currency. During the [[Second World War]], the currency on the occupied Czech territory was artificially weakened. The Czechoslovak crown was restored after the war. It underwent a highly controversial monetary reform in 1953.

The Czech koruna replaced the Czechoslovak koruna in 1993 after the dissolution of [[Czech and Slovak Federal Republic|Czechoslovakia]]. It first consisted of overstamped 20 Kčs, 50 Kčs, 100 Kčs, 500 Kčs, and 1,000 Kčs banknotes, and a new series was properly introduced in 1993.

In November 2013, the [[Czech National Bank]] (ČNB) intervened to weaken the exchange rate of the koruna through a [[Stimulus (economics)|monetary stimulus]] to stop the currency from excessive strengthening.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-07-08/czech-koruna-approaches-euro-cap-intervention-policy-explained|title=Czech Koruna Approaches Euro Cap: Intervention Policy Explained|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=8 July 2015|access-date=4 May 2018|via=www.bloomberg.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215222642/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-07-08/czech-koruna-approaches-euro-cap-intervention-policy-explained|archive-date=15 December 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> This was meant to support the Czech economy, mainly focused on export, but people were unhappy about this step because it was set up before Christmas, which led to raising the prices of imported goods. In late 2016, the ČNB stated that the return to conventional monetary policy was planned for mid-2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-29/czechs-hold-rates-confirm-koruna-cap-as-focus-shifts-to-exit|title=Czech Central Bank Zeros In on Ending Koruna Cap in Mid-2017|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=29 September 2016|access-date=4 May 2018|via=www.bloomberg.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119200428/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-29/czechs-hold-rates-confirm-koruna-cap-as-focus-shifts-to-exit|archive-date=19 January 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-13/czech-central-bank-chief-dampens-bets-on-earlier-koruna-cap-exit|title=Czech Central Banker Quashes Bets on Earlier Koruna Cap Exit|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=13 September 2016|access-date=4 May 2018|via=www.bloomberg.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217083955/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-09-13/czech-central-bank-chief-dampens-bets-on-earlier-koruna-cap-exit|archive-date=17 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref> After higher-than-expected inflation and other figures, the national bank removed the cap at a special monetary meeting on April 6, 2017. The koruna avoided significant volatility and [[City Index Group]] stated: "If you want to drop a [[Fixed exchange-rate system|currency peg]], then the ČNB can show you how to do it".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-04-06/czech-central-bank-ends-currency-cap-to-let-koruna-float-again|title=Czechs Trigger Long-Awaited Koruna Float Without Swiss Shock|newspaper=Bloomberg.com |date=6 April 2017|access-date=4 May 2018|via=www.bloomberg.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618042826/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-04-06/czech-central-bank-ends-currency-cap-to-let-koruna-float-again|archive-date=18 June 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Euro adoption discussion==
{{main|Czech Republic and the euro}}
The Czech Republic planned to adopt the [[euro]] in 2010, but its government suspended that plan indefinitely in 2005.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.radio.cz/en/news/94849 | title=Finance Ministry backtracks on joining the Euro by 2012 | publisher=Radio Praha | access-date=22 December 2008 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207112543/http://www.radio.cz/en/news/94849 | archive-date=7 February 2009 | df=dmy-all }}</ref> Although the country is economically well positioned to adopt the euro, there is considerable opposition to the move within the Czech Republic.<ref>{{cite press release |url=https://www.sparkasse.at/sPortal/sportal.portal;jsessionid=qhHSJ0FRvFSBNdNpZkKJVhvhHLJD4v1T2d1BG3Gcyj82vJYTDKm3!76983841?_nfpb=true&_windowLabel=LABEL_MAIN&_urlType=action&LABEL_MAIN_sh=181fe8bb390eeff395532e7956f3e368&LABEL_MAIN_action=content.main&LABEL_MAIN_OVERRULEREFRESHBACK=true&LABEL_MAIN_event=changeMain&LABEL_MAIN_chronicleId=%2Febgroup_en_0196%2FChannels%2FPress%2F2008%2F2.QU%2Feb_pi_en_20080508_next_main_Images.akp&LABEL_MAIN_zz=41235.36447435065&LABEL_MAIN_pc=1&_pageLabel=GRID02&cci=09002ee2805dab70&desk=ebgroup_en_0196&navigationId=012130649753268001119092& |title=Euros in the wallets of the Slovaks, but who will be next? |publisher=Sparkasse.at |date=5 August 2008 |access-date=2008-12-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904020211/http://www.sparkasse.at/sPortal/sportal.portal |archive-date=4 September 2006 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> According to a survey conducted in April 2014, only 16% of the Czech population was in favour of replacing the koruna with the euro.<ref name="April 2014 eurobarometer">{{cite web |url=http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl_400_en.pdf |title=Introduction of the euro in the more recently acceded member states |access-date=2014-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140813225221/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/flash/fl_400_en.pdf |archive-date=13 August 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> As reported by an April 2018 survey by CVVM (Public Opinion Research Center), this value remained at nearly identical levels between 2014-18, with only 20% of the Czech population above 15 years old supporting euro adoption.<ref name="April 2016 CVVM">{{cite web |url=https://cvvm.soc.cas.cz/media/com_form2content/documents/c2/a4616/f9/pm180514b.pdf |title=Občané ČR o budoucnosti EU a přijetí eura |access-date=2018-11-28|df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Coins==
{{Multiple image
| image1 = 10 Korun (2000) revers.png
| width1 = 125
| alt1 = 10 Kč coin series 2000
| caption1 = 10 Kč coin series 2000

| image2 = 20 Korun (2000) revers.png
| width2 = 130
| alt2 = 20 Kč coin series 2000
| caption2 = 20 Kč coin series 2000
}}
The coins of the Czech koruna increase in size and weight with value.

In 1993, coins were introduced in denominations of 10, 20 and 50 haléřů (h), 1 Kč, 2 Kč, 5 Kč, 10 Kč, 20 Kč and 50 Kč. The 10 h and 20 h coins were taken out of circulation by 31 October 2003 and the 50 h coins by 31 August 2008 due to their diminishing purchasing power and circulation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnb.cz/en/public/media_service/press_releases_cnb/2007/070802_50heller.html|title=The CNB decides 50-heller coins will cease to be legal tender|access-date=20 January 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414225309/http://www.cnb.cz/en/public/media_service/press_releases_cnb/2007/070802_50heller.html|archive-date=14 April 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> However, financial amounts are still written with the accuracy of 1-haléř (CZK 0.01); prices in retail shops are usually multiples of CZK 0.10. When cash transactions are made, the amount is rounded to the nearest integer.

In 2000, the 10 Kč and 20 Kč coins were minted with different obverses to commemorate the [[millennium]]. In 1993 and 1994, coins were minted in [[Winnipeg]] and [[Hamburg]], then in the Czech Republic. The 10 Kč and 50 Kč coins were designed by {{ill|Ladislav Kozák|cs|Ladislav Kozák (sochař)}} (1934–2007).

Since 1997, sets for collectors have also been issued yearly with proof-quality coins. In addition, there is a tradition of issuing commemorative coins – including silver and gold coins – for numismatic purposes.

For a complete listing, see [[Commemorative coins of the Czech Republic]].

===Current series===
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; font-size:90%; border-width:1px;"
! colspan=12 | Current series (1993)<ref>Czech national bank. Available at: {{cite web |url=http://www.cnb.cz/cs/platidla/mince/ |title=České mince - Česká národní banka |access-date=2013-08-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130905051647/http://www.cnb.cz/cs/platidla/mince/ |archive-date=5 September 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|-
! rowspan=2 | Image
! rowspan=2 | Value
! colspan=5 | Technical parameters
! colspan=3 | Description
! rowspan=2 | Issued from
! rowspan=2 | Withdrawal
|-
! Diameter (mm)
! Thickness (mm)
! Mass (g)
! colspan=2 | Composition
! Edge
! Obverse
! Reverse
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:10h CZK.png|120px]]
| 10 h
| align=center | 15.50
| rowspan=4 align=center | 1.70
| align=center | 0.60
| rowspan="7" style="background-color:#dcdcdc;" |
| rowspan=4 | [[Aluminium]]: 99% [[Magnesium]]: 1%
| Smooth
| rowspan=11 | [[Coat of arms of the Czech Republic|Czech lion]]; year of issue; lettering: ''{{small|ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA}}''
| Value; Stylized river
| 1993
| rowspan=3 | 2003
|-
| rowspan=2 style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:20h CZK.png|120px]]
| rowspan=2 | 20 h
| rowspan=2 align=center | 17.00
| rowspan=2 align=center | 0.74
| rowspan=2 | Reeded
| rowspan=2 | Value; [[Tilia|Linden]] leaf
| 1993
|-
| 1997
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:50h CZK.png|120px]]
| 50 h
| align=center | 19.00
| align=center | 0.90
| Interrupted reeding
| Value
| rowspan=8 | 1993
| 2008
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:1 CZK.png|120px]]
| 1 Kč
| align=center | 20.00
| rowspan=3 align=center | 1.85
| align=center | 3.60
| rowspan=3 | [[Nickel]]-plated steel
| Reeded
| Value; [[Crown of Saint Wenceslas|St. Wenceslas crown]]
| rowspan=7 | Current
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:2 CZK.png|120px]]
| 2 Kč
| align=center | 21.50 {{small|([[Hendecagon|11-sided]])}}
| align=center | 3.70
| rowspan=2 | Smooth
| Value; [[Great Moravia]]n ''gombik''
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:5 CZK.png|120px]]
| 5 Kč
| align=center | 23.00
| align=center | 4.80
| Value; [[Charles Bridge]], [[Vltava]], linden leaf
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:10 CZK.png|120px]]
| 10 Kč
| align=center | 24.50
| rowspan=4 align=center | 2.55
| align=center | 7.62
| style="background-color:#e0954f;"|
| [[Copper]]-plated [[steel]]
| Reeded
| Value; [[Cathedral of St. Peter and Paul, Brno|St. Peter and Paul cathedral]], [[Brno]]
|-
| style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:20 CZK.png|120px]]
| 20 Kč
| align=center | 26.00 {{small|([[Tridecagon|13-sided]])}}
| align=center | 8.43
| style="background-color:#ffe550;"|
| [[Brass]]-plated steel
| rowspan=3 | Smooth
| [[Statue of Saint Wenceslas, Wenceslas Square|St. Wenceslas statue]]; Lettering: ''{{small|SVATÝ VÁCLAVE NEDEJ ZAHYNOUT NÁM I BUDOUCÍM}}''{{efn|English: ''Saint Wenceslas, do not let us perish, nor our descendants.''}}
|-
| rowspan=2 style="background:#000; text-align:center;" | [[File:50 CZK.png|120px]]
| rowspan=2 | 50 Kč
| align=center | 27.50
| rowspan=2 align=center | 9.70
| style="background-color:#e0954f;"|
| Outer: [[Copper]]-plated [[steel]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Prague]]; Lettering: ''{{small|PRAGA MATER URBIUM}}''{{efn|English: ''Prague, mother of cities''.}}
|-
| align=center | 17.00
| style="background-color:#ffe550;"|
| Inner: [[Brass]]-plated [[steel]]
|}
{{notelist}}

===Circulating commemorative coins===
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; font-size:90%; border-width:1px;"
! colspan=11 | Circulating commemorative coins
|-
! rowspan=2 | Image
! rowspan=2 | Value
! colspan=5 | Technical parameters
! colspan=3 | Description
! rowspan=2 | Issue
|-
! Diameter (mm)
! Thickness (mm)
! Mass (g)
! colspan=2 | Composition
! Edge
! Obverse
! Reverse
|-
| align=center | [[File:10 Korun (2000) revers.png|75px]]
| 10 Kč
| align=center | 24.50
| rowspan=8 align=center | 2.55
| align=center | 7.62
| style="background-color:#e0954f;"|
| [[Copper]]-plated [[steel]]
| Reeded
| rowspan=8 | [[Coat of arms of the Czech Republic|Czech lion]]; year of issue; lettering: ''{{small|ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA}}''
| [[Clock]] mechanism; value; Lettering: {{small|''ROK 2000 ANNO MM''}}
| rowspan=2 | 2000
|-
| align=center | [[File:20 Korun (2000) revers.png|75px]]
| rowspan=7 | 20 Kč
| rowspan=7 align=center | 26.00 {{small|([[Tridecagon|13-sided]])}}
| rowspan=7 align=center | 8.43
| rowspan=7 style="background-color:#ffe550;"|
| rowspan=7 | [[Brass]]-plated steel
| rowspan=7 | Smooth
| [[Astrolabe]]; value; Lettering: {{small|''ROK 2000''}}
|-
| align=center | [[File:Dvacetikoruna vzor 2018 III (2).jpg|75px]]
| [[Edvard Beneš]]; value
| rowspan=3 | 2018 {{small|(ČSR personalities)}}
|-
| align=center | [[File:Dvacetikoruna vzor 2018 II (2).jpg|75px]]
| [[Milan Rastislav Štefánik]]; value
|-
| align=center | [[File:Dvacetikoruna vzor 2018 I (2).jpg|75px]]
| [[Tomáš Masaryk]]; value
|-
| align=center | [[File:Dvacetikoruna vzor 2019 I.jpg|75px]]
| [[Alois Rašín]]; value
| rowspan=3 | 2019 {{small|(ČSR currency personalities)}}
|-
| align=center | [[File:Dvacetikoruna vzor 2019 III.jpg|75px]]
| [[Karel Engliš]]; value
|-
| align=center | [[File:Dvacetikoruna vzor 2019 II.jpg|75px]]
| [[:cs:Vilém Pospíšil|Vilém Pospíšil]]; value
|-
|}

==Banknotes==
The first Czech banknotes were issued on 8 February 1993 and consisted of Czechoslovak notes with adhesive stamps affixed to them. Only the 100 Kčs, 500 Kčs and 1,000 Kčs notes were overstamped, the lower denominations circulated unchanged during this transitional period. Each stamp bears a Roman and Arabic numeral identifying the denomination of the banknote to which it is affixed (C and 100, D and 500, M and 1,000). Subsequent issues of the 1,000 Kč note replaced the adhesive stamp with a printed image of same.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.papirovaplatidla.cz/bankovky/platidla-cr |title=Platidla ČR (1993–20..) – Papírová platidla, bankovky |publisher=Papirovaplatidla.cz |access-date=2014-08-19 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141116184206/http://www.papirovaplatidla.cz/bankovky/platidla-cr |archive-date=16 November 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

A newly designed series of banknotes in denominations of 20 Kč, 50 Kč, 100 Kč, 200 Kč, 500 Kč, 1,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč were introduced later in 1993 and the designs are still in use at present – except for 20 Kč, 50 Kč and the first versions of 1,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč notes, since the security features of 1,000 Kč and 5,000 Kč notes were upgraded in the subsequent issues. These banknotes, designed by [[Oldřich Kulhánek]], feature renowned Czech persons on the obverse and abstract compositions on the reverse. Modern protective elements can be found on all banknotes.

In 2007, the Czech National Bank started issuing new upgraded banknotes with upgraded security features. These include a new colour-shifting security thread, additional watermarks and EURion constellations. The first denomination to be issued with the new features was the 2,000 Kč, followed by the 1,000 Kč in 2008, the 500 Kč and 5,000 Kč in 2009 and finally ending with the issuance of the 100 Kč and 200 Kč notes in 2018. In 2022, all older versions of the 100-2000 Kč notes without the upgraded security features were withdrawn.<ref name="Withdrawn2022"/>

In practice, the 5000 Kč is not commonly found in circulation due to them being prone to misuse or illicit activity (e.g., [[money laundering]]). As of December 2024, there were 25 million of those banknotes in circulation. In contrast, the next-highest denomination, the 2000 Kč, is the most widely circulated banknote in the country, with about 200 million in circulation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Structure of currency in circulation - Czech National Bank |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/banknotes-and-coins/currency-circulation/structure-of-currency/ |access-date=2025-03-28 |website=www.cnb.cz}}</ref>

===Stamped series===
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%"
!colspan=2| Image !!rowspan="2"| Value !!rowspan="2"| Dimensions !!rowspan="2"| Main colour !!rowspan="2"| Language !!colspan=2| Description !!colspan="3"| Date of
|-
!Obverse !! Reverse !! Obverse !! Reverse !! printing !! issue !! withdrawal
|-
!colspan="11"|Czechoslovak banknotes
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:10 Czechoslovakan koruna 1985-1989 Issue Obverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:10 Czechoslovakan koruna 1985-1989 Issue Reverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
| 10 Kčs
| 133 × 67
| Brown
| [[Slovak language|Slovak]]
| [[Pavol Országh-Hviezdoslav]]
| [[Orava (region)|Orava]] scene
| 1986
| rowspan="3" | 7 February 1993
| rowspan="3" | 31 July 1993
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:20 Czechoslovakan koruna 1985-1989 Issue Obverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:20 Czechoslovakan koruna 1985-1989 Issue Reverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
| 20 Kčs
| 138 × 67
| Blue
| [[Czech language|Czech]]
| [[Comenius]]
| Illustration related to culture and education
| 1988
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:50 Czechoslovakan koruna 1985-1989 Issue Obverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:50 Czechoslovakan koruna 1985-1989 Issue Reverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
| 50 Kčs
| 143 × 67
| Red
| [[Slovak language|Slovak]]
| [[Ľudovít Štúr]]
| View of [[Bratislava]] with the [[Bratislava Castle|castle]] (from the restaurant on the top of the pylon of the [[Nový Most]])
| 1987
|-
!colspan="11"|Overstamped Czechoslovak banknotes
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 Czechoslovakan koruna 1993 Provisional Issue Obverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 Czechoslovakan koruna 1993 Provisional Issue Reverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
| 100 Kč
| 165 × 81
| Green
| [[Czech language|Czech]]
| Peasant and worker
| View of [[Prague]] with the [[Prague Castle|castle]] and the [[Charles Bridge]]
| 1961
| rowspan="3" | 7 February 1993
| rowspan="3" | 31 August 1993
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:500 Czechoslovakan koruna 1993 Provisional Issue Obverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:500 Czechoslovakan koruna 1993 Provisional Issue Reverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
| 500 Kč
| 153 × 67
| Brown
| [[Slovak language|Slovak]]
| [[Partisan (military)|Partisans]] of the [[Slovak National Uprising|SNP 1944]]
| [[Devín Castle]]
| 1973
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:1000 Czechoslovakan koruna 1993 Provisional Issue Obverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:1000 Czechoslovakan koruna 1993 Provisional Issue Reverse.jpg|1000x60px]]
| 1,000 Kč
| 158 × 67
| Blue
| [[Czech language|Czech]]
| [[Bedřich Smetana]]
| View of the [[Vltava]] at [[Vyšehrad]]
| 1985
|}

===First series===
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; font-size:90%; border-width:1px;"
|-
! colspan=12 | First series (1993)
|-
! colspan=2 | Image
! rowspan=2 | Value
! rowspan=2 | Dimensions (mm)
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Main colour
! colspan=2 | Description
! rowspan=2 | Issue
! rowspan=2 | Withdrawn
! rowspan=2 | Lapse
|-
! Obverse
! Reverse
! Obverse
! Reverse
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:20CZK_obverse.jpg|76px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:20 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|76px]]
| align=center| 20 Kč
| align=center| 128 × 64
| style="background:#004AAA;"|
| Blue
| [[Ottokar I of Bohemia|Otakar I]]
| Ottokar's crown [[Golden Bull of Sicily]] seal
| 20 April 1994
| 31 August 2008
| 31 August 2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnb.cz/en/public/media_service/press_releases_cnb/2008/080201_czk_20.html|title=ČNB|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=4 May 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504225304/http://www.cnb.cz/en/public/media_service/press_releases_cnb/2008/080201_czk_20.html|archive-date=4 May 2018|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:50CZK_obverse.jpg|80px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:50 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|80px]]
| align=center rowspan="3"| 50 Kč
| align=center rowspan="3"| 134 × 64
| rowspan=3 style="background:#C60045;"|
| rowspan=3 | Red
| rowspan=3 | [[Agnes of Bohemia]]
| rowspan=3 | St. Salvator's church; [[Convent of Saint Agnes (Prague)|Convent of St. Agnes]]
| 6 October 1993
| 31 January 2007
| rowspan=3| 31 March 2017<ref>{{cite web|url=http://banknotenews.com/files/dcbd41b58fc6bec2c6ffc1313b6e6517-1314.php|title=Czech Republic to replace 50-koruna note with coin 01.04.2011 - Banknote News|website=banknotenews.com|access-date=4 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20140825030349/http://banknotenews.com/files/dcbd41b58fc6bec2c6ffc1313b6e6517-1314.php|archive-date=25 August 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| 21 December 1994
| rowspan="2" | 31 March 2011
|-
| 10 September 1997
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:100CZK_obverse.jpg|84px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:100 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|84px]]
| align=center rowspan="3"| 100 Kč
| align=center rowspan="3"| 140 × 69
| rowspan=3 style="background:#3A996E;"|
| rowspan=3 | Turquoise
| rowspan=3 | [[Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles IV]]
| rowspan=3 | [[Charles University]] seal
| 30 June 1993
| 31 January 2007
| rowspan=15 | ''Indefinite''
|-
| 21 June 1995
| rowspan=2 | 1 July 2022<ref name="Withdrawn2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.cnb.cz/cs/cnb-news/tiskove-zpravy/CNB-za-rok-ukonci-platnost-starsich-bankovek-100Kc-2000Kc-suzkym-stribritym-prouzkem-stare-postupne-mizi-zobehu/|title=ČNB za rok ukončí platnost starších bankovek 100 Kč – 2 000 Kč s úzkým stříbřitým proužkem, staré postupně mizí z oběhu (The CNB will terminate the validity of older CZK 100 - CZK 2,000 banknotes with a narrow silver stripe in a year, the old ones will gradually disappear from circulation)|website=cnb.cz|access-date=5 July 2021|url-status=live|df=dmy-all|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210701090914/https://www.cnb.cz/cs/cnb-news/tiskove-zpravy/CNB-za-rok-ukonci-platnost-starsich-bankovek-100Kc-2000Kc-suzkym-stribritym-prouzkem-stare-postupne-mizi-zobehu/ |archive-date=1 July 2021 }}</ref>
|-
| 15 October 1997
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:200CZK_obverse.jpg|88px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:200 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|88px]]
| align=center rowspan="3"| 200 Kč
| align=center rowspan="3"| 146 × 69
| rowspan=3 style="background:#F46600;"|
| rowspan=3 | Orange
| rowspan=3 | [[John Amos Comenius]]
| rowspan=3 | ''[[Orbis Pictus]]''; Joined hands
| 8 February 1993
| 31 January 2007
|-
| 14 August 1996
| rowspan=2 | 1 July 2022<ref name="Withdrawn2022"/>
|-
| 6 January 1999
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:500CZK_obverse.jpg|92px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="3" | [[File:500 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|92px]]
| align=center rowspan="3"| 500 Kč
| align=center rowspan="3"| 152 × 69
| rowspan=3 style="background:#A34C39;"|
| rowspan=3 | Brown
| rowspan=3 | [[Božena Němcová]]
| rowspan=3 | Laureate woman
| 21 July 1993
| 31 January 2007
|-
| 27 December 1995
| rowspan=2 | 1 July 2022<ref name="Withdrawn2022"/>
|-
| 18 March 1998
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="2" | [[File:1000CZK_obverse.jpg|96px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="2" | [[File:1000 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|96px]]
| align=center rowspan="2"| 1000 Kč
| align=center rowspan="2"| 158 × 74
| rowspan=2 style="background:#A803A5;"|
| rowspan=2 | Violet
| rowspan=2 | [[František Palacký]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Kroměříž Archbishop's Palace|Archbishop's Castle, Kroměříž]]; eagle
| 12 May 1993
| 30 June 2001
|-
| 6 December 1996
| rowspan=3 | 1 July 2022<ref name="Withdrawn2022"/>
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="2" | [[File:2000CZK_obverse.jpg|100px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="2" | [[File:2000 CZK reverse.jpg|100px]]
| align=center rowspan="2"| 2000 Kč
| align=center rowspan="2"| 164 × 74
| rowspan=2 style="background:#0C9900;"|
| rowspan=2 | Green
| rowspan=2 | [[Emmy Destinn]]
| rowspan=2 | [[Euterpe]]; [[violin]], [[cello]]
| 1 October 1996
|-
| 1 December 1999
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="2" | [[File:5000CZK_obverse.jpg|104px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" rowspan="2" | [[File:5000CZK reverse.jpg|104px]]
| align=center rowspan="2"| 5000 Kč
| align=center rowspan="2"| 170 × 74
| rowspan=2 style="background:#687989;"|
| rowspan=2 | Grey
| rowspan=2 | [[Tomáš Masaryk]]
| rowspan=2 | [[St. Vitus Cathedral]]; [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] and [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] buildings, [[Prague]]
| 15 December 1993
| 30 June 2001
|-
| 8 September 1999
| 1 July 2022<ref name="Withdrawn2022"/>
|-
|colspan="12"|{{Standard banknote table notice|BrE=Y}}
|}

===Upgraded series===
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; font-size:90%; border-width:1px;"
|-
! colspan=10 | Upgraded series (1993)
|-
! colspan=2 | Image
! rowspan=2 | Value
! rowspan=2 | Dimensions (mm)
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Main colour
! colspan=2 | Description
! rowspan=2 | Issue
|-
! Obverse
! Reverse
! Obverse
! Reverse
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:100 Czech koruna Obverse.jpg|84px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:100 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|84px]]
| align=center| 100 Kč
| align=center| 140 × 69
| style="background:#3A996E;"|
| Turquoise
| [[Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles IV]]
| [[Charles University]] seal
| rowspan="2" | 5 September 2018<ref name="New2018">{{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/CNB-issues-new-versions-of-the-CZK-100-and-CZK-200-banknotes/|title=CNB issues new versions of the CZK 100 and 200 banknotes|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:200 Czech koruna Obverse.jpg|88px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:200 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|88px]]
| align=center| 200 Kč
| align=center| 146 × 69
| style="background:#F46600;"|
| Orange
| [[John Amos Comenius]]
| ''[[Orbis Pictus]]'' Joined hands
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:500 Czech koruna Obverse.jpg|92px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:500 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|92px]]
| align=center| 500 Kč
| align=center| 152 × 69
| style="background:#A34C39;"|
| Brown
| [[Božena Němcová]]
| Laureate woman
| 1 April 2009<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/The-CNB-puts-into-circulation-a-new-version-of-the-CZK-500-banknote-00001/|title=The CNB puts into circulation a new version of the CZK 500 banknote|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:1000 Czech koruna Obverse.jpg|96px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:1000 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|96px]]
| align=center| 1000 Kč
| align=center| 158 × 74
| style="background:#A803A5;"|
| Violet
| [[František Palacký]]
| [[Kroměříž Archbishop's Palace|Archbishop's Castle, Kroměříž]]; eagle
| 1 April 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/The-CNB-puts-into-circulation-a-new-version-of-the-CZK-1000-banknote-00001/|title=The CNB puts into circulation a new version of the CZK 1000 banknote|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:2000 Czech koruna Obverse.jpg|100px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:2000 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|100px]]
| align=center| 2000 Kč
| align=center| 164 × 74
| style="background:#0C9900;"|
| Green
| [[Emmy Destinn]]
| [[Euterpe]]; [[violin]] and [[cello]]
| 2 July 2007<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/The-CNB-puts-into-circulation-a-new-version-of-the-CZK-2000-banknote-00001/|title=The CNB puts into circulation a new version of the CZK 2000 banknote|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:5000CZK_obverse.jpg|104px]]
| rowspan=2 align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:5000CZK reverse.jpg|104px]]
| rowspan=2 align=center| 5000 Kč
| rowspan=2 align=center| 170 × 74
| rowspan=2 style="background:#687989;"|
| rowspan=2 | Grey
| rowspan=2 | [[Tomáš Masaryk]]
| rowspan=2 | [[St. Vitus Cathedral]]; [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] and [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] buildings, [[Prague]]
| 1 December 2009<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/The-CNB-puts-into-circulation-a-new-version-of-the-CZK-5000-banknote-00001/|title=The CNB puts into circulation a new version of the CZK 5000 banknote|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>
|-
| 23 October 2023<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/cnb-news/press-releases/The-CNB-issues-a-new-version-ofnbspthe-CZK-5000-banknote/|title=The CNB issues a new version of the CZK 5,000 banknote|website=www.cnb.cz|access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref>
|-
| colspan=10 | {{Standard banknote table notice|BrE=Y}}
|}

===Commemorative series===
{|class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; font-size:90%; border-width:1px;"
|-
! colspan=10 | Commemorative banknotes
|-
! colspan=2 | Image
! rowspan=2 | Value
! rowspan=2 | Dimensions (mm)
! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Main colour
! colspan=2 | Description
! rowspan=2 | Issue
|-
! Obverse
! Reverse
! Obverse
! Reverse
|-
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 CZK obverse (with additional print 2019).jpg|98px]]
|align="center" bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|98px]]
| align=center| 100 Kč
| align=center| 140 × 69
| style="background:#3A996E;"|
| Turquoise
| [[Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles IV]] overprint on watermark area
| Charles University seal
| 30 January 2019
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 CZK obverse (2019).jpg|104px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 CZK reverse (2019).jpg|104px]]
| align=center| 100 Kč
| align=center| 194 × 84
| style="background:#EAAB46;"|
| Gold
| [[Alois Rašín]]
| [[Czech National Bank]] building
| 31 January 2019
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 CZK obverse (2022).jpg|104px]]
| align=center bgcolor="#000000"| [[File:100 CZK reverse (2022).jpg|104px]]
| align=center| 100 Kč
| align=center| 194 × 84
| style="background:#448942;"|
| Olive green
| [[Karel Engliš]]
| [[Clam-Gallas Palace]]
| 30 March 2022
|-
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" |
| align=center bgcolor="#000000" | [[File:1000 Czech koruna Reverse.jpg|96px]]
| align=center| 1000 Kč
| align=center| 158 × 74
| style="background:#A803A5;"|
| Violet
| [[František Palacký]], overprint on watermark area
| [[Kroměříž Archbishop's Palace|Archbishop's Castle, Kroměříž]]; eagle
| 8 February 2023<ref>{{cite web |title=CZK 1000 version 2008 with an additional print "The 30th anniversary of the CNB and the Czech currency" |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/banknotes-and-coins/banknotes/czk-1000-additional-print/ |website=cnb.cz |publisher=Czech National Bank |access-date=1 March 2023}}</ref>
|-
|colspan="10"|{{Standard banknote table notice|BrE=Y}}
|}

==Exchange rates==
===Historic rates===

[[File:Euro exchange rate to CZK.svg|thumb|400px|EUR–CZK exchange rate since 1999]]

The currency had a record [[exchange rate]] run in 2008.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.forbes.com/afxnewslimited/feeds/afx/2008/07/07/afx5188524.html | work=Forbes | title=Czech crown extends record run, eyes on CPI | date=7 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604011951/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2008/07/07/afx5188524.html|archive-date=4 June 2011}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right"
|+Most traded currencies (since 31 December 2008)
!Year
!{{flagicon|USA}} [[United States dollar|US dollar]]
!{{flagicon|EUR}} [[Euro]]
!{{flagicon|GBR}} [[Pound sterling|Sterling]]
!{{flagicon|SUI}} [[Swiss franc]]
!{{flagicon|JPN}} [[Japanese yen|Yen]]
|-
|2008
| 19.346
| 26.930
| 28.270
| 18.132
| 0.21348
|-
|2009
| 18.368
| 26.465
| 29.798
| 17.837
| 0.19875
|-
|2010
| 18.751
| 25.060
| 29.108
| 20.043
| 0.23058
|-
|2011
| 19.940
| 25.800
| 30.886
| 21.220
| 0.25754
|-
|2012
| 19.055
| 25.140
| 30.812
| 20.831
| 0.22130
|-
|2013
| 19.894
| 27.425
| 32.911
| 22.344
| 0.18957
|-
|2014
| 22.834
| 27.725
| 35.591
| 23.058
| 0.19090
|-
|2015
| 24.824
| 27.025
| 36.822
| 24.930
| 0.20619
|-
|2016
| 25.639
| 27.020
| 31.586
| 25.166
| 0.21907
|-
|2017
| 21.291
| 25.540
| 28.786
| 21.824
| 0.18915
|-
|2018
| 22.466
| 25.725
| 28.762
| 22.827
| 0.20447
|-
|2019
| 22.621
| 25.410
| 29.866
| 23.416
| 0.20844
|-
|2020
| 21.381
| 26.245
| 29.190
| 24.298
| 0.20747
|-
|2021
| 21.951
| 24.860
| 29.585
| 24.066
| 0.19069
|-
|2022
| 22.616
| 24.115
| 27.200
| 24.496
| 0.17152
|-
|2023
| 22.376
| 24.725
| 28.447
| 26.688
| 0.15811
|-
|2024
| 24.237
| 25.185
| 30.378
| 26.768
| 0.15449
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" | '''Source:''' [[Czech National Bank]] exchange rates<ref>Czech national bank exchange rate fixing. Available at: {{cite web |url=https://www.cnb.cz/en/financial-markets/foreign-exchange-market/central-bank-exchange-rate-fixing/central-bank-exchange-rate-fixing/year_form.html|title=Exchange rates – yearly history|access-date=2025-02-23}}</ref>
|}

===Current rates===
{{Exchange rate|CZK|PLN|HUF}}

==See also==
* [[Bohemian and Moravian koruna|Bohemia and Moravia crown]]
* [[Commemorative coins of the Czech Republic]]
* [[Czech Republic and the euro]]
* [[Czechoslovak koruna|Czechoslovak crown]]
* [[Economy of the Czech Republic]]
* [[Slovak koruna|Slovak crown]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Money of the Czech Republic}}
* [https://www.cnb.cz/en/banknotes-and-coins/banknotes/ Czech banknotes], Czech National Bank
* [https://www.cnb.cz/en/banknotes-and-coins/coins/ Czech coins], Czech National Bank
* [http://www.papirovaplatidla.cz Czech banknotes (catalog, gallery and other details, history)]
* {{cite web|url=https://www.bis-ans-ende-der-welt.net/Tschechien-B-En.htm|title=Historical and current banknotes of the Czech Republic|language=en,de,fr|editor=Heiko Otto|access-date=2019-06-06}}
* {{cite web|url=https://www.bis-ans-ende-der-welt.net/Tschechoslowakei-B-En.htm|title=Historical banknotes of Czechoslovakia|language=en,de,fr|editor=Heiko Otto|access-date=2019-06-06}}

{{Historical currencies of the Czech Republic and Slovakia|state=collapsed}}
{{Czech Republic topics}}
{{Crown}}
{{Euro topics}}
{{Currency signs}}
{{Currencies of Europe}}
{{Portal bar|Czech Republic|Europe|Money|Numismatics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Czech koruna}}
[[Category:Currencies of the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Currencies introduced in 1993]]
[[Category:Currency symbols]]
[[Category:Circulating currencies]]
[[Category:Currencies of Europe]]
[[Category:Crown (currency)]]