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Suceava

2025-10-14T16:22:03Z

2603:6013:7D40:6E:B088:9388:9C88:A881:

{{Short description|Municipality in Suceava County, Romania}}
{{Infobox settlement 
| official_name = Suceava
| native_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Municipiu|Municipality]]
| image_skyline = {{nowrap|[[File:The Administrative Palace in Suceava, Bukovina, northeastern Romania in 2020.jpg|243px]] [[File:The Justice Palace in Suceava.jpg|122px]][[File:Bukovina History Museum in Suceava, Romania.jpg|121px]] [[File:Gara Burdujeni parking lot.JPG|122px]][[File:Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei17.jpg|122px]] [[File:Universitatea din Suceava1.jpg|117px]][[File:Biserica Sf. Apostoli din Itcani8.jpg|66px]][[File:Roman Catholic church in Suceava by day.jpg|60px]]}}
| image_caption = Left to right: The [[Suceava Administrative Palace|Administrative Palace]], The Justice Palace, [[Bukovina Museum]], [[Suceava railway station]] (Burdujeni), [[Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava]], [[Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava]] (USV), St. Apostoles Church in [[Ițcani]], St. [[John of Nepomuk]] Church
| image_shield = ROU SV Suceava CoA.png
| map_caption = Location in Suceava County
| image_map = Suceava jud Suceava.png
| pushpin_map = Romania#Europe
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Suceava
| coordinates = {{coord|47|39|05|N|26|15|20|E|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{ROU}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Counties of Romania|County]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Romania|Status]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Suceava County]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{Autolink|County seat}}
| leader_party = [[Social Democrat Party (Romania)|PSD]]
| leader_title = [[Mayor]] {{no bold|(2024–)}}
| leader_name = Vasile Rîmbu
| area_total_km2 = 52.10
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_metro_km2 = 473.29
| population_as_of = [[2021 Romanian census|2022]]
| population_total = 84,308
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_est =
| pop_est_footnotes =
| population_note = Romanian ethnic majority with a few smaller minority groups
| population_demonym = ''sucevean'', ''suceveancă'' ([[Romanian language|ro]])
| website = [http://www.primariasv.ro/ Primăria Suceava] ([[Romanian language|ro]], [[English language|en]])
| timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info = [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|Dfb]]
}}

'''Suceava''' ({{IPA|ro|suˈtʃe̯ava|lang|LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Suceava.wav}}) is a [[Municipiu|city]] in northeastern [[Romania]]. The seat of [[Suceava County]], it is situated in the [[Historical regions of Romania|historical region]]s of [[Bukovina]] and [[Western Moldavia|Moldavia]], northeastern [[Romania]].<ref name="County of Suceava">{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/place/Suceava-county-Romania|title=County of Suceava|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica|access-date=23 April 2020|language=en}}</ref> It is the largest urban settlement of Suceava County, with a population of 84,308 inhabitants according to the [[2021 Romanian census]].<ref name="County of Suceava"/>

During the [[Late Middle Ages|late]] [[Middle Ages]], namely between 1388 and 1564 (or from the late [[14th century]] to the late [[16th century]]), this middle-sized town was the capital of the [[Moldavia|Principality of Moldavia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rri.ro/de_de/suceava_die_geschichtsbeladene_stadt_in_der_bukowina-2542507|author=Daniel Onea, Adina Olaru|work=Radio România Internațional|title=Suceava – die geschichtsbeladene Stadt in der Bukowina|date=27 January 2016|access-date= 1 October 2018|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/romania/articles/the-10-most-beautiful-towns-in-romania|author=Lani Seelinger|work=The Culture Trip|title=The 10 Most Beautiful Towns In Romania|date=10 June 2015 |access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedockyards.com/a-brief-history-of-bukovina-romania-during-the-middle-ages|title=A Brief History Of Bukovina, Romania During The Middle Ages|author=Victor Rouă|work=The Dockyards|date=27 January 2019|access-date=26 December 2022}}</ref> Later on, it became an important, strategically located commercial town of the [[Habsburg monarchy]], [[Austrian Empire]], and [[Austria-Hungary]] (formerly belonging to [[Cisleithania]] or the Austrian part of the [[dual monarchy]]) on the border with the [[Romanian Old Kingdom]].

Nowadays, the town is known for its reconstructed [[Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava|medieval seat fortress]] (further rebuilt through the [[European Union|EU-funded]] [[:ro:Programul Operațional Regional|Regio programme]]) and its [[UNESCO]]-recognized [[World Heritage Site]] [[Saint John the New Monastery]] (part of the [[Churches of Moldavia]]), both local and [[Tourism in Romania|national tourist attractions]]. In addition, the [[Suceava Administrative Palace|Administrative Palace]], a historic and civic building dating to imperial Austrian times and designed by [[Vienna|Viennese]] architect [[Peter Paul Brang]], is located in the historic town centre along with the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] Saint [[John of Nepomuk]] church (one building faces the other).<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.istorielocala.ro/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=876:palatul-administrativ-din-suceava-the-administrative-palace-of-suceava&Itemid=204|title=Palatul Administrativ din Suceava/The Administrative Palace of Suceava|author=SVBiblioteca|work=Istorie locală @ biblioteca ta publcă|date=14 October 2013|access-date=13 April 2023}}</ref>

Suceava is [[List of cities and towns in Romania|the 22nd largest Romanian city]]. The city's population increased exponentially during the second half of the 20th century, from just over 10,000 people in the late 1940s to over 100,000 in the early 1990s.

== Historical overview ==
[[File:Johann Honterus Septemcastrensis de Corona.jpg|thumb|left|Suceava, marked with a castle and an obsolete variant of its name, to the north-east of this 16h century [[Latin|Latin-language]] map by [[Transylvanian Saxons|Transylvanian Saxon]] scholar [[Johannes Honter]]us.]]

During the [[late Middle Ages]], the town of Suceava was the capital of the [[Moldavia|Principality of Moldavia]], being strategically located at the crossroads of several trade routes linking [[Central Europe]] with [[Eastern Europe]], and, more specifically for that period of time, the former Principality of Moldavia with the [[Kingdom of Poland]] and the [[Kingdom of Hungary]] respectively. The town of Suceava had also operated under the [[Magdeburg rights|Magdeburg law]] back in the [[Middle Ages]] ({{langx|de|Das Magdeburger Recht}}).<ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=https://magdeburg-law.com/de/magdeburger-recht/historische-staedte/suceava-sotschen|title=Suceava/Sotschen in Karte lokalisieren|work=Das Magdeburger Recht|access-date=29 January 2023}}</ref>

From 1775 to 1918, Suceava was under the administration of the [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburg Empire]], initially part of its [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]], then gradually becoming the third most populous urban settlement of the [[Duchy of Bukovina]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.philhist.uni-augsburg.de/lehrstuehle/volkskunde/Exkursionen/Ukraine/Cz_Bukowina-Deutsche|author=Alexander Weidle|work=University of Augsburg|title=Bukowina Deutsche|date=10 December 2017|access-date=1 October 2018|language=de|archive-date=6 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206124600/https://www.philhist.uni-augsburg.de/lehrstuehle/volkskunde/Exkursionen/Ukraine/Cz_Bukowina-Deutsche/|url-status=dead}}</ref> a constituent land of the [[Austrian Empire]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://phdthesis.uaic.ro/PhDThesis/%C8%9Aurca%C8%99,%20Ioan,%20Lucian,%20Macarie,%20German%20Language%20and%20Culture%20in%20Southern%20Bukovina-%20The%20Disappearance%20of%20a%20Cultural%20Enclave.pdf|author1=Țurcaș, Ioan |author2=Lucian, Macarie|work=Abstract of PhD thesis|title=German Language and Culture in Southern Bukovina. The Disappearance of a Cultural Enclave|access-date= 1 October 2018}}</ref> and subsequently a crown land within the [[Cisleithania|Austrian]] part of [[Austria-Hungary]]. During this time, Suceava was an important, strategically located commercial border town with the then [[Romanian Old Kingdom]] to the south-east ({{langx|ro|Vechiul Regat}}, {{langx|de|Altreich}}).

Throughout the [[Austria-Hungary|Austrian-ruled period]] of Bukovina, Suceava was also regarded as a 'miniature [[Austria]]' by native intellectual Rudolf Gassauer given its significant ethnic diversity (which, up until the early 20th century, included an overwhelming majority of [[Germans of Romania|ethnic Germans]], more specifically [[Bukovina Germans]], as well).<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=http://www.isanos.ro/doc/Cosanzenii.pdf|title=Cosânzenii|author=Elisabeta Isanos|access-date=1 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Vrednici-de-Bucovina/2013-05-08/Rudolf-GASSAUER|title=Rudolf GASSAUER|author=Radu Bercea, Ion Drăgușanul|work=Monitorul de Suceava|date=5 August 2013|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref> An even older [[Germans|ethnic German]] presence in the town (as well as in the entire region of Bukovina) can be traced back to the end of the 14th century, more specifically during the [[Late Middle Ages]] (represented by a relatively small group of [[Transylvanian Saxons]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.blackseagr.org/pdfs/konrad/Southern%20Bukovina%20German%20Villages%20-%201940.pdf|title=Southern Bukovina German villages – 1940|access-date=17 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sites.ualberta.ca/~german/AlbertaHistory/Bukovinians.htm|title=The Germans from the Bukovina|work=[[University of Alberta]] in [[Edmonton]], [[Canada]]|access-date=25 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedockyards.com/the-bukovina-germans-a-community-on-the-verge-of-extinction/|title=The Bukovina Germans: A Community On The Verge Of Extinction|author=Victor Rouă|work=The Dockyards|date=9 August 2020|access-date=26 December 2022}}</ref>

{{multiple image
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| image1 = Stamps of Romania, 2004-055.jpg
| width1 = 200
| caption1 = The [[Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava]] ({{langx|ro|Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei}}), as depicted on a 2004 Romanian stamp.
| image2 = Stamps of Romania, 2013-41.jpg
| width2 = 226
| caption2 = The Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava, as depicted on a 2013 Romanian stamp, commemorating its 625th anniversary.
}}

In the wake of [[World War I]], after 1918, [[Union of Bukovina with Romania|along with the rest of Bukovina]], Suceava became part of the then newly enlarged [[Kingdom of Romania]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://europecentenary.eu/declaration-of-union-of-bukovina-with-the-kingdom-of-romania|title=Declaration of Union of Bukovina with the Kingdom of Romania|work=Europe Centenary|date=13 August 2018|access-date=27 March 2020|language=en}}</ref> After the end of [[World War II]], the town slowly underwent a process of [[Systematization (Romania)|communist systematization]] which increased its population approximately tenfold throughout the decades prior to the [[Romanian Revolution|1989 Romanian Revolution]]. It became a [[municipiu|municipality]] in 1968.<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://destepti.ro/orasul-suceava-o-cetate-multe-victorii|title=Orașul Suceava – o cetate, multe victorii|work=Deștepți.ro|date=8 October 2018|access-date=11 April 2022}}</ref> Suceava is also crossed by the [[Suceava (river)|namesake river]], a tributary of [[Siret (river)|Siret]], to the northwest, in the neighbourhood of [[Ițcani]] ({{langx|de|Itzkany}}).<ref>{{cite web|language=en|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Location-of-the-collection-points-Milisauti-Todiresti-Itcani-Udesti-and-Roscani-of_fig2_310450130|title=Location of the collection points (Milisauti, Todiresti, Itcani, Udesti, and Roscani) of fossil trunks along the Suceava river.|author=Zoltán Kern|work=ResearchGate|access-date=7 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://judetulsuceava.ro/descopera/date-generale/reteaua-hidrografica/|title=Rețeaua hidrografică|author=Redacția site-ului Județul Suceava|work=Județul Suceava|access-date=25 September 2022}}</ref>

An important market town at the crossroads of several Central and Eastern European commercial routes since the Middle Ages (toward the [[Kingdom of Hungary]] to the west and the [[Kingdom of Poland]] to the north), Suceava is still an important commercial town nowadays. Furthermore, The [[Căile Ferate Române|CFR]] 500 highway crosses it, which is a railway junction and thus from here the railway line then branches off to [[Transylvania]] to the west.

== Names and etymology ==

{{See also|Names of Suceava in different languages}}

[[File:Suczawa.jpg|thumb|German-language inscription with the name of the town in the town centre of Suceava.{{efn|The inscription also includes its original year which was 1907, when the town was still under [[Austria-Hungary]], in the Austrian-ruled part of the [[dual monarchy]] or [[Cisleithania]] more specifically.}}{{efn|The German name of the town (i.e. Suczawa) is identical to the Polish name of the town as well.}}]]

Moldavian chronicler [[Grigore Ureche]] presumed the name of the town came from the [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] ''Szűcsvár'', which is combined of the words ''szűcs'' (i.e. furrier, skinner) and ''vár'' (i.e. castle). This was taken over by [[Dimitrie Cantemir]], who, in his work Descriptio Moldaviae, gave the very same explanation of the origin of the town's name; however, there is neither historical nor vernacular evidence for this. According to another theory, the town bears the name of the [[Suceava (river)|river]] with the same name and that, in turn, is supposed to be of [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] origin.<ref name=debrecen>{{cite book|last=Hoffmann|first=István|title=Helynévtörténeti tanulmányok 3.|year=2008|publisher=[[University of Debrecen]], Department of Hungarian Linguistics|location=Debrecen|isbn=978-963-473-115-3|page=212}}</ref>

In [[Old High German|Old German]], the town was known as ''Sedschopff'',<ref>[[Johann Schiltberger]]. ''[https://archive.org/details/hansschiltberge00langgoog Hans Schiltbergers Reisebuch]'' [[Tübingen]], Litterarischer Verein in [[Stuttgart]], 1885, p. 111</ref> in both contemporary [[German language|German]] (i.e. [[Standard German]]/Hochdeutsch) and Old German sources it can be found under such variations as ''Sotschen'',<ref>Peter Kosta (Hrsg.): Eine russische Kosmographie aus dem 17. Jahrhundert: sprachwissenschaftliche Analyse mit Textedition und Faksimile, Otto Sagner, 1982. {{ISBN|3-87690-200-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=https://www.kulturforum.info/de/forum-partner/alle-partner/6957-bukowina-institut|title=Bukowina-Institut|work=Deutsches Kulturforum östliches Europa|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=https://www.inside-getraenke.de/nachrichten/detail/news/rumaenischer-craftbrewer-kippt-heineken-aus-den-holzpantinen|title=Rumänischer Craftbrewer kippt Heineken aus den Holzpantinen|work=Inside|date=20 July 2016|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=https://adz.ro/lokales/artikel-lokales/artikel/junge-frau-wegen-drogenhandel-festgenommen|title=Junge Frau wegen Drogenhandel festgenommen|work=Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien|author=Robert Tari|date=25 July 2021|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.burgenwelt.org/rumaenien/lokal/lokal2-suceava.php#links|work = Burgenwelt|author = Andy Winkler|date = 13 February 2015|title = Județul Suceava, Kreis Suceava, Burgen und andere Wehrbauten|access-date = 6 March 2020|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.burgenwelt.org/rumaenien/suceava/object.php#historie|work = Burgenwelt| author = Andy Winkler| date = 13 February 2015| title = Cetatea de Scaun, Festung Suceava|access-date = 6 March 2020|language=de}}</ref> ''Sutschawa'', or ''Suczawa'' (most commonly),<ref>{{cite journal|journal= Vr-elibrary.de|title = Die Katastralgemeinden der Bukowina (Czernowitzer Kreis). Alphabetisches Verzeichnis und Verortung|doi= 10.7767/9783205201984-009|language=de|doi-access= free}}</ref> in Hungarian as ''Szucsáva''<ref name=debrecen /> ({{IPA|hu|ˈsut͡ʃaːvɒ|}}) or ''Szőcsvásár'' (most likely according to his work ''Letopisețul Țării Moldovei până la Aron Vodă'' written in Romanian), in [[Polish language|Polish]] as ''Suczawa'', in Ukrainian as ''Сучава'' (Sučava), while in [[Yiddish]] as שאָץ ({{IPA|yi|ʃɔts|}}).<ref>For Yiddish spelling and pronunciation, see [http://shotzer.com/zope/home/en/1/homepage_en/ "Shotzer - the book of the Jews of Suceava"] {{ISBN|965-7226-16-3}}</ref>

== History ==

{{Quote box|width=25em|align=right|bgcolor=#B0C4DE
|title = Historical affiliations
|fontsize = 85%|quote=<poem>
{{flagicon|Moldavia}} [[Moldavia]] (1388–1775)
{{flag|Habsburg Monarchy}} (1775–1804)
{{flag|Austrian Empire}} (1804–1867)
{{flag|Austria-Hungary}}, [[Cisleithania]] (1867–1918)
{{flag|Kingdom of Romania}} (1918–1947)
{{flag|Romanian People's Republic}} (1947–1965)
{{flag|Socialist Republic of Romania}} (1965–1989)
{{flag|Romania}} (1989–present)</poem>
}}

=== Antiquity ===

The present-day territory of the town of Suceava and the adjacent surroundings were already inhabited since the [[Paleolithic]] period. Stemming from the late [[Ancient history|Antiquity]], there are also traces of [[Dacian tribe|Dacian]] [[oppidum]] of the 2nd century. In stark contrast to several other [[historical regions of Romania]] (most notably [[Transylvania]] and [[Oltenia]]), Suceava (along with the entire region of Bukovina for that matter) was not conquered by the legions of the [[Roman Empire]] and consequently was one of the lands of the [[Free Dacians|Free Dacian tribes]] during ancient times. Nonetheless, according to ancient Roman scholar [[Ptolemy]], at that time in the region also dwelled two likely [[Celts|Celtic]]-speaking tribes, more specifically the [[Anartes]] and the [[Taurisci]],<ref>Ptolemy III. 8.5</ref> as well as the [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] [[Bastarnae]], who have also been attested there.<ref name="Barrington Map 22">Barrington Map 22</ref> The presence of Celtic-speaking tribes in Bukovina is further attested during the late [[La Tène culture]] period through archaeological studies.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://arheologia.com.ua/index.php/arheologia/article/view/208|title=Late La Tène Period in the Territory of Bukovina and Galicia|language=en|author=Liana Vakulenko|journal=Arheologia|date=22 June 2020|volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=42–51 |doi=10.15407/archaeologyua2020.02.042 |access-date=27 March 2021|doi-access=free}}</ref>

=== Middle Ages ===

After the [[Fall of the Western Roman Empire|fall of Rome]] and during the [[Migration Period]], the predominantly [[Carpi people|Carpiani]] population was successively invaded by East [[Germanic peoples]] (such as the [[Goths]] or the [[Gepids]]), [[Huns]], [[Slavs]], [[Hungarians|Magyars]] (i.e. Hungarians), [[Pechenegs]], and ultimately [[Cumans]].

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| image1 = Suceava fortress 3.jpg
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| caption1 = The access bridge towards the medieval Suceava Seat Fortress ({{langx|ro|Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei}})
| image2 = Szucsáva, Cetatea de Scaun - légi fotó.jpg
| width2 = 150
| caption2 = Elevated view of the medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava (2019)
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[[File:Suceava view from fortress in 2022.jpg|thumb|right|Suceava's town centre, seen from the medieval seat fortress, in March 2022.]]

When the town was established and very shortly afterwards, its trade was also facilitated with other Central European towns and markets by a local community of German potters and merchants (quite probably [[Transylvanian Saxons]] from [[Bistrița]]/Bistritz area) who migrated here during the [[Ostsiedlung]]. At the same time, the town had operated under the [[Magdeburg rights|Magdeburg law]] (a type of medieval [[German town law]] applied mostly in Eastern Europe, but also in several parts of Central Europe), as was the case of [[Câmpulung Moldovenesc]] ({{langx|de|Kimpolung}}), [[Siret]] ({{langx|de|Sereth}}), [[Baia]] ({{langx|de|Baja, Stadt Molde, or Moldenmarkt}}), or [[Târgu Neamț]] ({{langx|de|Niamtz}}), all which were also situated on the territory of the [[Moldavia|Principality of Moldavia]] (more specifically on its northern area or the highlands).<ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=http://www.magdeburg-law.com/de/magdeburger-recht/historische-staedte/campulung-moldovenesc-kimpolung|title=Câmpulung Moldovenesc/Kimpolung in Karte lokalisieren|work=Das Magdeburger Recht|access-date=29 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://external-preview.redd.it/jjF0TMjh63ME_QdywgyBzJZCs9TEdel7kQ3Cyugt8nE.jpg?auto=webp&s=df836b784ccbebd9e49d245e298d4fcac227bf4e|title=German settlements in the Middle Ages|work=Annotated research map|access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://magdeburg-law.com/historic-city/suceava/?hilite=suceava|work=Magdeburg Law, a building block of modern Europe (official website)|title=Historic cities - Romania - Suceava|access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://magdeburg-law.com/magdeburg-law/|work=Magdeburg Law, a building block of modern Europe (official website)|title=Magdeburg Law, from the Middle Ages to the present day|access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref>

As it was the case of other medieval towns in which the Magdeburg law held sway, this particular German town law came hand in hand with the medieval municipal law (discernible with the foundation of [[Freiburg im Breisgau]] in the early [[12th century]]) and the ''[[Sachsenspiegel]]'' (an important law book during the time of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://magdeburg-law.com/glossary/municipal-law-general/|work=Magdeburg Law, a building block of modern Europe (official website)|title=Municipal Law (general)|access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://magdeburg-law.com/glossary/sachsenspiegel/|title=Sachsenspiegel|work=Magdeburg Law, a building block of modern Europe (official website)|access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref> The town of Suceava is referred to as ''Sotschen'' (an [[Old High German]] name) in one of the works of [[Abraham Ortelius]] on European geography for the 15th and 16th centuries.<ref>{{cite web|language=en|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fKqT3-R0s2IC&dq=sotschen&pg=PA94-IA1|author=Abraham Ortelius|title=An Epitome of Ortelius, His Theatre of the World, Wherein the Principal Regions of the Earth are Described in Smalle Maps|work=Google Books|year=1602|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref>

During the [[late Middle Ages]], the town of Suceava was the capital of the [[Principality of Moldavia]] and the main residence of the Moldavian [[List of rulers of Moldavia|princes]] for nearly two centuries (namely between 1388 and 1564).<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/place/Suceava-Romania|title=Suceava, Romania|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica|access-date=27 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://muzeulbucovinei.ro/en/arhive/11738|title= Muzeul Bucovinei - Princely Fortress of Suceava|author=Muzeul Bucovinei|language=ro}}</ref> The town was the capital of the lands of [[Stephen III of Moldavia|Stephen the Great]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bukowinafreunde.de/geschichte.html|title=Die Bukowina|author=Bukowina Freunde|work=www.bukowinafreunde.de |language=de|access-date=1 October 2018}}</ref> one of the pivotal royal figures in [[History of Romania|Romanian history]], who died in Suceava in 1504. During the rule of [[Alexandru Lăpușneanu]], the seat was moved to [[Iași]] in 1565 and Suceava failed to become the capital again. [[Michael the Brave]] captured the town in 1600 during the [[Moldavian Magnate Wars]] as he became the ruler of [[Wallachia]], [[Moldavia]], and [[Transylvania]], but he was defeated during the same year. In 1653, Suceava was [[Siege of Suceava (1653)|sieged]].

=== Habsburg rule and unification with the Kingdom of Romania ===

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| image1 = Franz Xavier Knapp - Gränz-Stadt Suczarva.jpg
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| caption1 = Artist's impression of the town Suceava from 1867 by Austrian painter [[:de:Franz Xaver Knapp|Franz Xaver Knapp.]]
| image2 = 1 Сучава.jpg
| width2 = 120
| caption2 = Artist's impression of the town of Suceava from 1870 by Austrian painter [[:de:Franz Xaver Knapp|Franz Xaver Knapp.]]
}}

[[File:Neuerrichtete_Wasserleitungswerke.jpg|thumb|right|The Water Plant in Suceava (as depicted on an Austrian postcard)]]

Together with the rest of [[Bukovina]], Suceava was under the rule of the [[Habsburg monarchy]] (and, subsequently, the [[Austrian Empire]] as well as [[Austria-Hungary]]) from 1775 to 1918 (with the border of the Habsburg domains passing just south-east of the town).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.goethe.de/resources/files/pdf134/minoritatea-germana-din-romania1.pdf| work= Goethe Institut| title=Minoritatea germană din România| author=Winfried Ziegler| access-date= 16 June 2018|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://hailadorna.ro/bucovina-o-alta-fata-a-regiunii-istorice/| work= Hai la Dorna| title=Bucovina: o altă față a regiunii istorice [Galerie foto]|author=Ioana Dobresenciuc| date= 15 February 2017| access-date= 23 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

During the late 19th century and early 20th century, the town was the third largest in the [[Duchy of Bukovina]], after [[Chernivtsi|Cernăuți]] ({{langx|de|Czernowitz or Tschernowitz}})<ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=https://enc.rusdeutsch.eu/articles/6092|title=Bukowina, historische Landschaft auf dem Gebiet der heutigen Ukraine und Rumäniens|work=Enzyklopädie der Russlanddeutschen|author=Trojan S. und Cholodnizki W. (Tschernowzy)|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref> and [[Rădăuți]] ({{langx|de|Radautz}}). Throughout this period of time, in the process of the [[Josephine colonization]] ({{langx|de|Josephinische Kolonisation}}), the Habsburgs and, later on, the Austrians, attracted many [[German language|German]]-speaking settlers from abroad to settle down in Bukovina and, implicitly, in contemporary Suceava, then just a small market town.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://adevarul.ro/locale/suceava/nemtii-bucovina-fost-distrusa-comunitatea-construit-spirit-teuton-oaza-civilizatie-romania-1_55e80a0df5eaafab2c3466c6/index.html|title=Nemţii şi Bucovina. Cum a fost distrusă comunitatea care a construit, în spirit teuton, o oază de civilizaţie în România|author=Dănuț Zuzeac|work=Ziarul Adevărul|date=4 September 2015|access-date=21 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref> Over the passing of time, these newly arrived German settlers and their descendants became collectively known as [[Bukovina Germans]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576%200x003aac80.pdf|title=The Germans in Romania, with special regard to the Transylvanian Saxons|author1=Radu Săgeată |author2=Mircea Buza |author3=Traian Crăcea|work=Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, 159. Jg. (Jahresband), Wien 2017, S. 297–322|date=2017|access-date=21 June 2020|language=en}}</ref> This community has since dwindled to a very small number.<ref>{{cite web|title=Porträt der Deutschen Minderheit - Geschichte zum Nachhören|work=Pausen Radio |author= www.pausenradio.net |url= http://pausenradio.net/wpress/?p=1429 |date=25 October 2015 |access-date=1 October 2018|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title= Geschichte einer Minderheit noch nicht zu Ende geschrieben|work= Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien, www.adz.ro|url= http://www.adz.ro/artikel/artikel/geschichte-einer-minderheit-noch-nicht-zu-ende-geschrieben |author=Robert Tari|date=20 September 2015|access-date=1 October 2018|language=de}}</ref>

Nonetheless, despite their current numbers, the Germans from Suceava are still culturally, socially, and politically active.<ref>{{cite web|title=Minoritatea germană din România (Die Deutsche Minderheit in Rumänien – Trecut și prezent în Europa/expoziție 18 februarie – 18 martie 2017|work=Muzeul Bucovinei|url=http://muzeulbucovinei.ro/minoritatea-germana-din-romania-die-deutsche-minderheit-in-rumanien-trecut-si-prezent-in-europa-expozitie-18-februarie-18-martie-2017|access-date=21 June 2020|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Etnicii germani din Bucovina s-au reunit la Suceava|work=Guvernul României, departamentul pentru relații interetnice|url= http://www.dri.gov.ro/etnicii-germani-din-bucovina-s-au-intalnit-la-suceava|author=Robert Tari|date=22 August 2018|access-date=21 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Întâlnirea germanilor din Bucovina|url= https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Ultima-ora-local/2016-08-04/Intalnirea-germanilor-din-Bucovina|author=Tiberiu Cosovan|date=4 August 2016|access-date=22 June 2020|language=ro|work=Monitorul de Suceava}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FOTO! A XIV-a întâlnirea germanilor din Bucovina|url= https://suceavanews.ro/209352/social/foto-a-xiv-a-intalnire-a-germanilor-din-bucovina/|date=7 August 2016|access-date=22 June 2020|language=ro|work=Suceava News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sute de etnici germani, îmbrăcaţi în port popular, au defilat în centrul Sucevei|url= http://www.monitorulsv.ro/Local/2014-08-11/Sute-de-etnici-germani-imbracati-in-port-popular-au-defilat-in-centrul-Sucevei|author=Cosmin Romega|access-date=23 June 2020|work=Suceava News|language=ro}}</ref> Given its diverse ethnic background during the late Modern Age, Austrian architect Rudolf Gassauer stated that the town of Suceava could have well been perceived back then as a 'miniature Austria'.{{cn|date=June 2025}} Additionally, at that time, on an administrative level, the town of Suceava was part of a namesake [[bezirk]] (i.e. district) with a total population of 66,826 inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kulturgeschichtsreisen.com/2017/01/23/100-jahre-institut-fuer-auslandsbeziehungen-ifa-kulturmanager-in-der-bukowina|title=100 Jahre Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) & Kulturmanager in der Bukowina|author=Eure Nicole|work=Kulturgeschichtsreisen|access-date=21 June 2020|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://kulturgeschichtsreisen.com/2016/01/29/bahnhoefe-und-eisenbahn-in-der-bukowina/|title=Bahnhöfe und Eisenbahn in der Bukowina|author=Eure Nicole|work=Kulturgeschichtsreisen|access-date=23 June 2020|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/wordpress/projekte/oesterreich-ungarn/oesterreich/bukowina|title=Herzogtum Bukowina|work=deutsche-schutzgebiete.de|date=7 July 2017 |access-date=21 June 2020|language=de}}</ref>

In 1918, the town of Suceava (as well as the entire region of Bukovina) became part of the enlarged and unified [[Kingdom of Romania]] (and what is known in Romanian historiography as ''[[Greater Romania]]''), after an overwhelming vote of the German, Romanian, and Polish representatives of the [[General Congress of Bukovina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mvu.ro/index.php/cum-s-a-unit-bucovina/|title=Cum s-a unit Bucovina|work=Muzeul Virtual al Unirii|date=25 September 2018 |access-date=5 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radioresita.ro/324086/pozitia-minoritatii-germane-din-bucovina-fata-de-reunirea-cu-romania|title=Poziția minorității germane din Bucovina față de reunirea cu România|work=Radio Reșița|author=Ada Botezan|date=7 November 2018|access-date=21 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref> All 7 political representatives of the Bukovina Germans led by Alois Lebouton voted for the union of Bukovina with the Kingdom of Romania.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hiphi.ubbcluj.ro/Public/File/sup_curs/istorie16.pdf|title=Istoria și tradițiile minorităților din România|work=Proiectul pentru învățământul rural, program postuniversitar de conversie profesională pentru cadrele didactice din mediul rural|author=Toader Nicoară|date=2005|access-date=21 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Integrarea minorităților naționale din Bucovina în Regatul României Mari (1918-1928). Unele considerații|work=Codrii Cosminului|url=http://atlas.usv.ro/www/codru_net/CC12/11%20danielhrenciuc.pdf|author=Daniel Hrenciuc|date= 2006|access-date=22 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

=== Kingdom of Romania, communist period, and 21st century history ===
[[File:Interbelic Suceava CoA.png|thumb|right|100px|The [[Interwar period|interwar]] coat of arms of the municipality of Suceava during the [[Kingdom of Romania]]]]

Throughout the interwar period, Suceava underwent further infrastructural development within the then enlarged [[Kingdom of Romania]] ({{langx|ro|Regatul României}}). Moreover, from an administrative point of view, it had also briefly belonged to [[Ținutul Suceava]] (between 1938 and 1940), one of the 10 lands established during [[Carol II of Romania|King Carol II]]'s reign.

In addition, the town had previously had sizeable German, Jewish, and Polish ethnic communities which gradually dramatically dwindled throughout both the late 20th century and early 21st century. With regard to the Jewish population, according to ''Encyclopaedia Judaica'': "The local Jews were persecuted by the Nazi German and Romanian authorities between 1940 and 1941. When deported to [[Transnistria]] in 1941, they numbered 3,253. Only 27 remained in the town."<ref>{{cite book |title=Encyclopaedia Judaica. |date=2007 |publisher=Gale Group |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/suceava |chapter=Suceava}}</ref> The total nunber of Jews deported to Transnistria from Suceava County in October 1941 was 5,942.<ref> Jean Ancel, ''The History of the Holocaust in Romania'' (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press and Jerusalem, Yad Vashem, 2011) p. 539.</ref> A Romanian official document from 1946 suggests that most Jews in Suceava County survived the Holocaust.<ref>"Situatie Numerica de evreii ucisi sub regimul de dictatura din Romania de la data de 6 decembrie 1940, pana la 23 august 1944, precum si acelor deportati in acelasi interval de timp si nereintorsi la domiciliu", in "Nota Ministerului Afacerilor Interne, Directia Generala a Politiei, Directia Politiei de Siguranta, Sectia Nationalitati Nr. 780-S din 6 Main 1946 Catre M.A.S.", in Ion Calafeteanu, Nicolae Dinu and Teodor Gheorghe, ''Emigrarea Populatiei Evreiesti din Romania in 1940-1944, Culegere de Documente din Arhiva Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Romaniei'' (Bucuresti, Silex - Casa de Editura, Presa si IMpresariat S.R.L., Bucuresti, 1993), p. 246.</ref> The broader context is that 70%<ref>Goldenshteyn, Maksim Grigoriyevich, ''So they remember: a Jewish family's story of surviving the Holocaust in Soviet Ukraine'' (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2022), p. 86.</ref> or more than 70%<ref>Gali Mir-Tibon, "Am I My Brother's Keeper? Jewish Committees in the Ghettos of the Mogilev District and the Romanian Authorities in Transnistria, 1941-1944", in Wendy Z. Goldman and Joe William Trotter, Jr., ''The Ghetto in Global History, 1500 to the Present'' (London and New York: Routledge, 2018), p. 139.</ref> of the southern Bukovinian Jews deported to Transnistria survived the ordeal. However, various ethnic groups are still present in smaller numbers nowadays and are socially, culturally, and politically active and mostly well integrated through their representative institutions.

Subsequently, from the 1950s onwards (concomitantly with the rise of [[Socialist Republic of Romania|communism in Romania]]), Suceava was heavily industrialized and a significant series of historical buildings from its historical centre (including the entire ''Franz Josef Straße'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clementmedia.ro/2014/03/26/strada-mare-a-sucevei-pe-la-inceputul-veacului-xx|title=Strada mare a Sucevei pe la începutul veacului XX|work=Clement Media|date=26 March 2014|access-date=9 May 2020|language=ro}}</ref> were demolished in order for [[Large panel system-building|Plattenbau]]-like blocks of flats to be constructed at the orders of the former [[Romanian Communist Party|communist officials]].<ref>The Rough Guide to Romania, {{ISBN|978-1-84353-326-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deruge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/DRH_2016-01.pdf|author=Ioana Rostoș|work=Halbjahresschrift der Deutsch-Rumänischen Gesellschaft|title=Die Stadt Suczawa in der Bukowina – wie sie war, wie sie ist.|date=2016|access-date= 23 June 2020|language=de}}</ref>

<gallery class="center">
File:RSR Mun Suceava.png|The coat of arms of the municipality of Suceava during [[Socialist Republic of Romania|communist]] times
File:Palatul de Justitie din Suceava 2.jpg|The Justice Palace in Suceava, photographed at some point during the communist period. The building served as town hall between 1968 and 2002.
File:Platforma industriala Valea Sucevei.jpg|Suceava valley industrial platform, bird's-eye view taken at some point during the 1960s.
File:Nicolae Ceaușescu la Suceava 1970 (4).jpg|Former [[Communism|communist]] [[dictator]] [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] visiting Suceava in 1970.
</gallery>

After the [[Romanian Revolution|1989 Romanian Revolution]], the town had increasingly lost both a significant amount of its population and its former industry which was forged mainly during communism. Therefore, its local economy entered a period of decline for many years. However, during the early 21st century, Suceava's population raised, also in part due to the incorporation of several nearby communes in the main town as well as to sparse local economic development which occurred during the late 2010s and early 2020s which attracted new inhabitants from the neighbouring rural areas of Suceava County.

During spring 2020, shortly after the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Romania]] began, Suceava was placed under lockdown due to its high rate of infection.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.romania-insider.com/coronavirus-romania-suceava-lockdown-march-2020|title=Coronavirus in Romania: The city with most Covid-19 cases in Romania placed under lockdown|work=Romania Insider|author=Ro Insider|date=31 March 2020|access-date=15 January 2022}}</ref> The following year, the roof of the [[Suceava Administrative Palace|Administrative Palace]] (local landmark) was severely damaged by fire.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://adevarul.ro/locale/suceava/incendiu-violent-suceava-arde-palatul-administrativ-unde-si-sediul-prefectura-consiliul-judetean-1_60432cca5163ec42719edba1/index.html|language=ro|title=Incendiu violent la Suceava. Arde Palatul Administrativ unde îşi au sediul Prefectura şi Consiliul Judeţean - VIDEO|author=Oana Șlemco|work=Adevărul|date=6 March 2021|access-date=30 April 2021}}</ref> In March 2022, the [[government of Romania]] approved a restoration/rehabilitation plan for the entire building.<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.cni.ro/noutati/comunicate-de-presa/-id-102-cmsid-0#|title=Ministerul Dezvoltarii, prin CNI, va reabilita Palatul Administrativ din Suceava|work=Compania Națională de Investiții|date=16 March 2022|access-date=14 April 2022}}</ref>

The [[2022 Romanian census]] (which could have normally occurred in 2021 but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic) remains to report the total current population living in Suceava as of early 2022. The data for this census will be later on reported by the Romanian authorities at the end of 2023.<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/seful-ins-a-anuntat-primele-date-ale-recensamantului-2022-romania-are-19-milioane-de-locuitori-cu-un-milion-mai-putin-fata-de-2011-2037483|title=Șeful INS a anunțat primele date ale Recensământului 2022: România are 19 milioane de locuitori, cu un milion mai puțin față de 2011|work=Digi24.ro|author=Alexandra Andronie|date=5 September 2022|access-date=8 September 2022}}</ref>

<gallery class="center">
File:The Administrative Palace of Suceava in April 2021.jpg|The [[Suceava Administrative Palace|Administrative Palace of Suceava]], as seen in April 2021, after the fire which caught its roof in March 2021.
File:Palatul Administrativ ianuarie 2023.jpg|The Suceava Administrative Palace photographed in early January 2023, undergoing reparation works after the March 2021 fire.
File:Suceava Chamber of Accounts.jpg|The Chamber of Accounts in Suceava, as seen in August 2022.
File:The Chamber of Accounts in Suceava.jpg|The Chamber of Accounts in Suceava, as seen in August 2022.
</gallery>

== Geography ==

{{multiple image|perrow=2|total_width=300
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| header =
| header_align = left/right/center
| header_background =
| footer
| footer_align = left/right/center
| footer_background =
| width =
| image1 = Suceava in Romania 2.png|thumb
| width1 = 150
| caption1 = The location of Suceava in northeastern Romania
| image2 = Raul Suceava.png
| caption2 = Map depicting the course of the Suceava river
| width2 = 150
| image3 =
| width3 = 150
| caption3 = The outskirts of Suceava, as seen in August 2021.
| image4 =
| width4 = 150
| caption4 = Suceava at night-time, as seen in March 2020.
}}

Suceava is situated in the south-western part of the Suceava County, in a moderately hilly area, and is an important commercial town and regional transport hub with Ukraine to the north, on the one hand, and with Transylvania to the west on the other hand.

The town of Suceava covers two types of geographical areas, the hills (of which the highest is Zamca Hill) and the meadows of the [[Suceava (river)|Suceava river]] valley.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://civitas.eu/cs/content/suceava|title=Suceava's profile on www.civitas.eu|work=Civitas.eu|access-date=28 May 2020}}</ref> The unique setting of the urban settlement includes two groves, Zamca and Șipote, which are both located within the town's limits.

Burdujeni, one of the town's neighbourhoods, is connected to the rest of the town by a prominent avenue, which makes the neighbourhood appear as a separate [[satellite city|satellite town]].

Suceava is also crossed by Mitocu and Dragomirna rivers in Ițcani.

== Climate ==
The town of Suceava has a temperate continental climate which is typical to Central and Eastern Europe. In addition, the yearly weather can be described with short springs, usually moderately warm summers as well as prolonged autumns and winters.

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| location = Suceava (1991–2020, extremes 1981–present)
| Jan record high C = 20.4
| Feb record high C = 24.3
| Mar record high C = 27.4
| Apr record high C = 32.0
| May record high C = 34.5
| Jun record high C = 36.0
| Jul record high C = 36.7
| Aug record high C = 37.1
| Sep record high C = 35.6
| Oct record high C = 29.4
| Nov record high C = 24.0
| Dec record high C = 17.7
| year record high C = 37.1

| Jan high C = 0.8
| Feb high C = 2.8
| Mar high C = 8.1
| Apr high C = 15.0
| May high C = 20.6
| Jun high C = 23.9
| Jul high C = 25.9
| Aug high C = 25.7
| Sep high C = 20.4
| Oct high C = 14.4
| Nov high C = 7.5
| Dec high C = 2.1
| year high C = 13.9

| Jan mean C = -2.8
| Feb mean C = -1.4
| Mar mean C = 2.8
| Apr mean C = 9.1
| May mean C = 14.6
| Jun mean C = 18.2
| Jul mean C = 19.9
| Aug mean C = 19.3
| Sep mean C = 14.3
| Oct mean C = 8.8
| Nov mean C = 3.3
| Dec mean C = -1.3
| year mean C = 8.7

| Jan low C = -6.0
| Feb low C = -4.8
| Mar low C = -1.1
| Apr low C = 4.1
| May low C = 9.1
| Jun low C = 12.9
| Jul low C = 14.4
| Aug low C = 13.9
| Sep low C = 9.6
| Oct low C = 4.7
| Nov low C = 0.1
| Dec low C = -4.4
| year low C = 4.4

| Jan record low C = -27.3
| Feb record low C = -28.6
| Mar record low C = -20.2
| Apr record low C = -8.2
| May record low C = -2.2
| Jun record low C = 3.4
| Jul record low C = 5.5
| Aug record low C = 4.2
| Sep record low C = -0.6
| Oct record low C = -7.7
| Nov record low C = -19.5
| Dec record low C = -29.8
| year record low C = -29.8

| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 19.0
| Feb precipitation mm = 21.0
| Mar precipitation mm = 30.4
| Apr precipitation mm = 45.7
| May precipitation mm = 72.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 98.3
| Jul precipitation mm = 102.4
| Aug precipitation mm = 65.9
| Sep precipitation mm = 52.4
| Oct precipitation mm = 42.8
| Nov precipitation mm = 28.5
| Dec precipitation mm = 23.8
| year precipitation mm = 602.2

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 5.1
| Feb precipitation days = 5.5
| Mar precipitation days = 6.7
| Apr precipitation days = 7.5
| May precipitation days = 9.9
| Jun precipitation days = 10.4
| Jul precipitation days = 10.1
| Aug precipitation days = 7.4
| Sep precipitation days = 6.6
| Oct precipitation days = 6.1
| Nov precipitation days = 5.5
| Dec precipitation days = 5.7
| year precipitation days = 86.5

| Jan sun = 79.4
| Feb sun = 94.6
| Mar sun = 138.8
| Apr sun = 180.7
| May sun = 240.4
| Jun sun = 239.6
| Jul sun = 263.4
| Aug sun = 254.9
| Sep sun = 185.5
| Oct sun = 145.1
| Nov sun = 87.7
| Dec sun = 70.6
| year sun = 1980.7

| source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="WMONormals">{{cite web
|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Romania/CSV/Suceava_15023.csv
|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Suceava
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = January 11, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-VI/Romania/15023.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Suceava(WMO number:15023) |access-date=February 14, 2024 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |no-pp=y |format=CSV}}</ref>
|source 2 = Meteomanz (extremes since 2021)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteomanz.com/sy3?l=1&cou=2050&ind=15023&m1=01&y1=2009&m2=06&y2=2024 |title=SUCEAVA - Weather data by month |access-date=1 October 2025 |website=meteomanz}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| collapsed = yes
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| location = Suceava (2002–2015)
| Jan record high C = 15.7
| Feb record high C = 19.2
| Mar record high C = 22.0
| Apr record high C = 30.5
| May record high C = 31.2
| Jun record high C = 34.5
| Jul record high C = 36.0
| Aug record high C = 37.1
| Sep record high C = 35.6
| Oct record high C = 28.2
| Nov record high C = 22.9
| Dec record high C = 17.1
| year record high C =
| Jan high C = 0.5
| Feb high C = 1.6
| Mar high C = 8.2
| Apr high C = 15.0
| May high C = 21.3
| Jun high C = 23.9
| Jul high C = 26.2
| Aug high C = 25.6
| Sep high C = 20.6
| Oct high C = 14.2
| Nov high C = 8.6
| Dec high C = 2.6
| year high C =
| Jan mean C = -3.1
| Feb mean C = -2.3
| Mar mean C = 2.8
| Apr mean C = 9.1
| May mean C = 15.2
| Jun mean C = 18.2
| Jul mean C = 20.3
| Aug mean C = 19.4
| Sep mean C = 14.5
| Oct mean C = 8.6
| Nov mean C = 4.2
| Dec mean C = -1.0
| year mean C =
| Jan low C = -6.4
| Feb low C = -5.5
| Mar low C = -1.3
| Apr low C = 4.0
| May low C = 9.6
| Jun low C = 12.8
| Jul low C = 14.8
| Aug low C = 14.1
| Sep low C = 9.7
| Oct low C = 4.3
| Nov low C = 0.7
| Dec low C = -4.2
| year low C =
| Jan record low C = -24.7
| Feb record low C = -28.6
| Mar record low C = -16.9
| Apr record low C = -8.2
| May record low C = -1.1
| Jun record low C = 5.0
| Jul record low C = 6.8
| Aug record low C = 7.1
| Sep record low C = -0.6
| Oct record low C = -7.7
| Nov record low C = -10.1
| Dec record low C = -21.3
| year record low C =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 21.9
| Feb precipitation mm = 22.0
| Mar precipitation mm = 32.9
| Apr precipitation mm = 48.7
| May precipitation mm = 72.8
| Jun precipitation mm = 94.3
| Jul precipitation mm = 131.9
| Aug precipitation mm = 80.9
| Sep precipitation mm = 41.4
| Oct precipitation mm = 40.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 24.2
| Dec precipitation mm = 20.4
| year precipitation mm =
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| precip days colour =
| Jan precipitation days = 5.6
| Feb precipitation days = 5.8
| Mar precipitation days = 6.8
| Apr precipitation days = 7.3
| May precipitation days = 9.2
| Jun precipitation days = 10.5
| Jul precipitation days = 10.3
| Aug precipitation days = 7.2
| Sep precipitation days = 6.1
| Oct precipitation days = 6
| Nov precipitation days = 4.9
| Dec precipitation days = 5.4
| year precipitation days =
| Jand sun = 2.4
| Febd sun = 3.1
| Mard sun = 4.9
| Aprd sun = 6.3
| Mayd sun = 7.9
| Jund sun = 8.1
| Juld sun = 8.7
| Augd sun = 8.3
| Sepd sun = 6.5
| Octd sun = 4.7
| Novd sun = 3
| Decd sun = 2.5
| yeard sun =
| source = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_150230_kt.pdf|title=Klimatafel von Suceava (Suczawa) / Bukowina / Rumänien|access-date=2024-02-14|website=dwd|publisher=[[German Weather Service]]|no-pp=y|language=German|format=PDF}}</ref>
}}

== Demographics ==

=== Historical data for the town proper ===
{{Historical populations
|source = Austrian and Romanian census data and/or official estimates Source for the 2022 data: official Romanian census data<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.crainou.ro/2023/02/17/suceava-a-pierdut-peste-43-000-de-locuitori|title=Suceava a pierdut peste 43.000 de locuitori|work=Crai Nou|author=Redacția Crai Nou|date=17 February 2023|access-date=19 February 2023}}</ref>
| 1869 | 7,450
| 1880 | 10,104
| 1890 | 10,221
| 1900 | 10,955
| 1912 | 11,229
| 1930 | 17,028
| [[1941 Romanian census|1941]] | 13,744
| 1948 | 10,123
| 1956 | 20,949
| 1966 | 37,697
| 1977 | 62,715
| 1992 | 114,462
| 2002 | 106,138
| [[2011 Romanian census|2011]] | 92,121
| 2016 | 116,404
| 2018 | 124,161
| [[2021 Romanian census|2022]] | 84,308
}}

[[File:Downtown Suceava.jpg|thumb|left|Old houses in Suceava's downtown, as seen in early January 2023. Urban legend has it that their cellars have underground tunnels leading to the medieval seat fortress.]]

The Austrian census of 1869, which recorded only population in absolute numbers (bereft of ethnicity or religion), indicated that then small town of Suceava had a total population of 7,450 permanent inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hauster.de/data/censusbuk1869.pdf|title=Orts-Repertorium des Herzoghthums Bukowina. Auf Grundlage der Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1869 bearbeitet|work=K. K. Statistischen Central-Commission|access-date= 24 June 2020|language=de}}</ref> The Austrian census of 1880 indicated that the town of Suceava had a total population of 10,104, of which 5,862 were [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]), 2,652 [[Romanians]], 441 [[Ukrainians of Romania|Ruthenians]], and 784 inhabitants belonging to other ethnic groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hauster.de/data/censusbuk1880.pdf|title=Special-Orts-Repertorien der Im Oesterreichischen Reichsrathe vertretenen Königreiche und Länder|work=K. K. Statistischen Central-Commission|access-date=24 June 2020|language=de}}</ref>

The Austrian census of 1890 indicated that the town of Suceava had a total population of 10,221, of which 5,965 were [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]), 2,417 [[Romanians]], 644 [[Ukrainians of Romania|Ruthenians]], and 905 inhabitants belonging to other ethnic groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hauster.de/data/censusbuk1880.pdf|title=Special-Orts-Repertorien der Im Oesterreichischen Reichsrathe vertretenen Königreiche und Länder. Neubearbeitung auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Volkszhälung vom 31. December 1890|work=K. K. Statistischen Central-Commission|access-date=24 June 2020|language=de}}</ref>

In 1900, when the town was still under [[Cisleithania|Imperial Austrian]] administration, its total population amounted to 10,955 inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hauster.de/data/censusbuk1900.pdf|title=Gemeindelexikon der Bukowina, Bearbeitet auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Volkszählung vom 31. Dezember 1900|work=Österreichisches Statistiches Zentralamt|access-date=8 June 2020|language=de}}</ref> Of those, 61.5% declared their native language to be [[German language|German]] (i.e. ''Hochdeutsch''), followed by [[Romanian language|Romanian]] with 25.38%, and [[Ruthenian language|Ruthenian]] (or [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]) with 5.46%. 20 years later, when the town had already switched to the [[Kingdom of Romania]], the [[Demographic history of Romania#29 December 1930 census|1930 Romanian census]] recorded a population that amounted to {{circa}} 17,000 inhabitants with the following ethno-linguistic composition:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/recensamntulgene02inst#page/434/mode/2up|title=Recensămânul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930|work=Washington University in St. Louis, University Libraries|access-date=8 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

* [[Romanians]]: 61.5%
* [[History of the Jews in Romania|Jews]]: 18.7%
* [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]): 13.9%
* [[Poles in Romania|Poles]]: 2.6%
* [[Minorities of Romania|Other ethnic groups]] (most notably [[Lipovans]], [[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]], [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]], and [[Armenians of Romania|Armenians]]): 3.3%

[[File:Portees nationales du sous-dep de Soutchava.jpg|thumb|right|Romanians in national costumes from Suceava during the early 20th century (then still part of [[Austria-Hungary]]).]]

Another census was conducted in the Kingdom of Romania during [[World War II]], namely in [[1941 Romanian census|1941]], which recorded a total population of 13,744 inhabitants for the town of Suceava. The ethnic composition of the town at that time was the following one:

* [[Romanians]]: 8,823 (or 64.19%)
* [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]): 709 (5.15%)
* [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]]: 28 (or 0.20%)
* Other ethnic groups or undeclared: 4,184 (or 30.44%)

{{bar box
| float= right
| width =
| title = The population of the town of Suceava in 1941
| titlebar = #ddd
| bars =
{{bar percent|[[Romanians]]|#87CEEB|64.19}}
{{bar percent|[[Germans of Romania|Germans]] ([[Bukovina Germans]])|#0096FF|5.15}}
{{bar percent|[[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]]|green|0.2}}
{{bar percent|[[Minorities of Romania|Others]]|gray|30.44}}
}}

Therefore, the then remaining German community of the town became the second-largest declared ethnic group even after the vast majority of the Bukovina Germans were forcefully resettled by the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] authorities to former [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|Nazi-occupied Poland]] (or the former [[General Government|General Governorate for the Occupied Polish Region]]) one year earlier in 1940, as part of the [[Heim ins Reich]] population transfer plan.

Shortly after the end of World War II, the ethnic minorities (mainly Germans and Jews but also Poles) considerably and gradually dwindled in the town of Suceava. However, as during communism, the overall population of the town raised (as it was the general case of other cities and towns in Romania as well as the country's total population given the pro-natalist policies of the Ceaușescu regime). After the 1989 Romanian Revolution, the population of Suceava fell once more due to constant emigration both abroad or to other more developed towns and cities across Romania.

{{bar box
| float= right
| width =
| title = The population of the town of Suceava in 2002
| titlebar = #ddd
| bars =
{{bar percent|[[Romanians]]|#87CEEB|98.17}}
{{bar percent|[[Romani people in Romania|Roma]]|brown|0.48}}
{{bar percent|[[Germans of Romania|Germans]] ([[Bukovina Germans]])|#0096FF|0.35}}
{{bar percent|[[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]]|yellow|0.27}}
{{bar percent|[[Poles in Romania|Poles]]|orange|0.23}}
{{bar percent|[[Lipovans]]|red|0.20}}
{{bar percent|[[Minorities of Romania|Others]]|gray|0.30}}
}}

According to the [[Demographic history of Romania#18 March 2002 census|2002 Romanian census]], the ethnic structure of the town of Suceava can be divided into distinct groups as follows:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.edrc.ro/recensamant.jsp?regiune_id=1&judet_id=328&localitate_id=329|title=Structura etno-demografică pe arii geografice - Suceava, 2002|work=Centrul de resurse pentru diversitate etnoculturală|access-date=5 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

* [[Romanians]]: 98.17%
* [[Romani people in Romania|Roma]] ([[Romani people|Gypsies]]): 0.48%
* [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]): 0.35%
* [[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]]: 0.27%
* [[Poles in Romania|Poles]]: 0.23%
* [[Lipovans]]: 0.20%
* [[Minorities of Romania|Other ethnic groups]] (most notably [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]], [[History of the Jews in Romania|Jews]], and [[Armenians of Romania|Armenians]]): 0.30%

{{bar box
| float= right
| width =
| title = The population of the town of Suceava in 2011
| titlebar = #ddd
| bars =
{{bar percent|[[Romanians]]|#87CEEB|98.3}}
{{bar percent|[[Romani people in Romania|Roma]]|brown|0.7}}
{{bar percent|[[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]]|yellow|0.3}}
{{bar percent|[[Germans of Romania|Germans]] ([[Bukovina Germans]])|#0096FF|0.2}}
{{bar percent|[[Minorities of Romania|Others]]|gray|0.5}}
}}

According to the [[2011 Romanian census|2011 census]] data, Suceava had a population of 92,121,<ref name="INSSER">{{cite web|url=http://www.suceava.insse.ro/phpfiles/Comunicat%20-%20pt%20site-DATE%20PROVIZORII%20RPL%202011%202_Suceava.pdf|title=2011 Romanian census|date=2 February 2012|access-date=12 March 2012|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Romania)|INSSE]]| language=ro|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604040638/http://www.suceava.insse.ro/phpfiles/Comunicat%20-%20pt%20site-DATE%20PROVIZORII%20RPL%202011%202_Suceava.pdf|archive-date=4 June 2013}}</ref> a decrease from the figure recorded at the 2002 census (106,138), making it the 23rd [[List of cities and towns in Romania|largest urban settlement]] in Romania at that time. Additionally, the ethnic composition was as follows:

* [[Romanians]]: 98.3%
* [[Romani people in Romania|Roma]] ([[Romani people|Gypsies]]): 0.7%
* [[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]]: 0.3%
* [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]): 0.2%
* [[Poles in Romania|Poles]]: 0.1%
* [[Lipovans]]: 0.1%
* [[Minorities of Romania|Other ethnic groups]] (most notably [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]], [[History of the Jews in Romania|Jews]], and [[Armenians of Romania|Armenians]]): 0.3%

=== Historical data for the Ițcani neighborhood ===

[[File:PTF Ițcani.jpg|thumb|right|Gheorghe Doja street from the Ițcani neighborhood, situated northwest of the town proper.]]

According to the [[Demographic history of Romania#29 December 1930 census|1930 Romanian census]], the population of present-day [[Ițcani]] neighborhood, which, at the time, was considered a separate commune comprising two villages, namely ''Ițcanii Noi'' ({{langx|de|Neu Itzkany}}) and ''Ițcani Gară'' ({{langx|de|Itzkany Bahnhof}}), amounted to 2,422 residents. By ethnic criterion, those residents were:

* [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] (i.e. [[Bukovina Germans]]): 45%
* [[Romanians]]: 21.40%
* [[History of the Jews in Romania|Jews]]: 17.84%
* [[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]]: 6.77%
* [[Poles in Romania|Poles]]: 5.24%
* [[Lipovans|Russians]] (i.e. Lipovans): 2.15%
* [[Hungarians in Romania|Hungarians]]: 1.53%
* Other minor ethnic groups (forming the remainder of 0.07%)

In religious terms, 28.4% of the then residents were [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]], 22.7% were [[Lutheranism|Evangelical Lutheran]], 22.04% were [[Romanian Orthodox Church|Orthodox]], 18.04% belonged to [[Judaism]], 8.17% were [[Romanian Greek Catholic Church|Greek Catholic]], and the rest either belonged to other smaller cults or were [[irreligion|irreligious]].

== Administration and local politics ==

[[File:Suceava town hall at dusk.jpg|thumb|The renovated town hall of Suceava at dusk in late April 2021]]

=== List of mayors (1990–present) ===
{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| header =
| header_align = left/right/center
| header_background =
| footer
| footer_align = left/right/center
| footer_background =
| width =
| image1 = Franz Des Loges.jpg
| width1 = 170
| caption1 = Former [[Austrian Empire|Austrian]]-born mayor Franz Des Loges (of [[Swiss people|Swiss-French]] origin) is credited with modernising the city as well as developing its culture and infrastructure during his term (1891–1914).<ref>{{cite web|title=Primarul austriac care a adus energia electrică, iluminatul public, alimentarea cu apă, canalizarea și străzile asfaltate în Suceava|newspaper=[[Adevărul]]|author=www.adevarul.ro|url=https://adevarul.ro/locale/suceava/primarul-austriac-adus-energia-electricailuminatul-public-alimentarea-apa-canalizarea-strazile-asfaltate-insuceava-1_54c9de4b448e03c0fd103ef9/index.html|date=29 January 2015|access-date=22 June 2018|language=ro}}</ref>
| image2 =
| width2 = 150
| caption2 = Statue of Franz Ritter von Des Loges near the town hall of Suceava (early January 2023)
}}

The mayors elected since Romania's transition back to [[democracy]] and a free [[market economy]] in the wake of the 1989 [[Romanian Revolution]] have been the following ones:<ref>{{cite web|title=Primarii Sucevei|work=Primăria Suceava|url=http://primariasv.ro/portal/suceava/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/0000917A?OpenDocument|access-date=10 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Reportaj: 25 de ani de libertate. Cum s-a derulat Revoluția în Suceava în decembrie 1989|work=Monitorul de Suceava|author=Sandrinio Neagu|url=https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Reportaj/2014-12-22/25-de-ani-de-libertate-Cum-s-a-derulat-Revolutia-in-Suceava-in-decembrie-1989|access-date=8 July 2020|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gheorghe Toma vrea din nou primar al Sucevei|work=News Bucovina|date=25 April 2004 |url=https://www.newsbucovina.ro/actualitate/8884/gheorghe-toma-vrea-din-nou-primar-al-sucevei|access-date=8 July 2020|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Diplome și medalii aniversare pentru personalitățile Sucevei la 630 de ani de atestare documentară a orașului|work=Suceava News|url=https://www.svnews.ro/diplome-si-medalii-aniversare-pentru-personalitatile-sucevei-la-630-de-ani-de-atestare-documentara-a-orasului/142735/|date=10 February 2018|access-date=8 July 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=1 | Nº
! colspan=1 | Name
! colspan=1 | Term start
! colspan=1 | Term end
! colspan=1 | Political party
|-bgcolor={{party color|National Salvation Front (Romania)}}
! 1
|span style="color:#ffffff| Filaret Poenaru<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.radiotop.ro/actualitate/girigan-poenaru-un-inginer-si-un-om-adevarat.html|title=Girigan: Poenaru, un inginer și un om adevărat|work=Radio TOP Suceava|author=Redacția Radio TOP|date=6 July 2021|access-date=15 January 2022}}</ref>
|span style="color:#ffffff| 1990
|span style="color:#ffffff| 1992
|span style="color:#ffffff| {{colored link|#ffffff|National Salvation Front (Romania)|National Salvation Front}} (FSN)
|-bgcolor={{party color|Ecologist Party of Romania}}
! 2
|span style="color:#ffffff| Gheorghe Toma
|span style="color:#ffffff| 1992
|span style="color:#ffffff| 1996
|span style="color:#ffffff| {{colored link|#ffffff|Romanian Ecologist Party}} (PER)
|-bgcolor={{party color|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
! 3
| [[:ro:Constantin Sofroni|Constantin Sofroni]]
| 1996
| 2000
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)1
|-bgcolor={{party color|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}
! 4
|span style="color:#ffffff| Marian Ionescu
|span style="color:#ffffff| 2000
|span style="color:#ffffff| 2004
|span style="color:#ffffff| {{colored link|#ffffff|Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party}} (PSD)
|-bgcolor={{party color|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
! 5
| [[:ro:Ion Lungu|Ion Lungu]]
| 2004
| 2024
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)2
|-bgcolor={{party color|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}
! 6
|span style="color:#ffffff| Vasile Rîmbu
|span style="color:#ffffff| 2024
|span style="color:#ffffff| ''present''
|span style="color:#ffffff| {{colored link|#ffffff|Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party}} (PSD)
|}

'''Notes''':

1 Initially elected on the lists of the [[Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania]] (PDAR) but subsequently switched to the [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL).<ref>{{cite web|title=Fostul primar Constantin Sofroni, cetățean de onoare post-mortem|work=Crai Nou|author=www.crainou.ro|url=https://www.crainou.ro/2005/03/18/fostul-primar-constantin-sofroni-cetatean-de-onoare-post-mortem/|date=18 March 2005|access-date=22 June 2018|language=ro}}</ref>
 
2 Initially elected on the lists of the [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL), subsequently switched to the [[Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Democratic Liberal Party]] (PDL), then re-elected on the lists of the PNL

=== Town council ===

==== 1992–1996 ====

Following the [[1992 Romanian local elections]], the first such type of elections in post-1989 Romania, the town had a new local council.

==== 1996–2000 ====

The town's former local council for the period 1996–2000 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[1996 Romanian local elections]]:<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=http://alegeri.roaep.ro/?alegeri=alegeri-locale-1996|title=Voturi pe localitatea MUNICIPIUL SUCEAVA, Consiliul local|work=Alegeri locale 1996|publisher=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă (AEP)|access-date=6 October 2022}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="4" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}  
| [[Romanian Democratic Convention]] (CDR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}  
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}  
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}  
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Union (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Union (Romania)|Social Democratic Union]] (USD){{efn|Electoral alliance consisting of the [[Democratic Party (Romania)|Democratic Party]] (PD) and the [[Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)|Romanian Social Democratic Party]] (PSDR).}}
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Union (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Union (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Union (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Union (Romania)}}
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Party of Social Democracy of Romania]] (PDSR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania}}  
| [[Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania|Democratic Agrarian Party]] (PDAR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania}}
| {{party color cell|Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania}}
| {{party color cell|Democratic Agrarian Party of Romania}}
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Civic Alliance Foundation|Civic Alliance Party]] (PAC)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}  
| [[Greater Romania Party]] (PRM)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Socialist Party of Labour}}  
| [[Socialist Party of Labour]] (PSM)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|Socialist Party of Labour}}
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Ecological Movement of Romania}}  
| [[Ecological Movement of Romania]] (MER)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|Ecological Movement of Romania}}
|  
|  
|  
|-
| style="background-color:#000080" |
| [[National Democratic Christian Party]] (PNDC)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| style="background-color:#000080" |
|  
|  
|  
|-
| style="background-color:grey" |
| Pensioners' Party (PP)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| style="background-color:grey" |
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Liberal Party 1993]] (PL '93)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| style="background-color:grey" |
| Democratic Pensioners' Party From Romania And Diaspora (PDPRD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| style="background-color:grey" |
|  
|  
|  
|-
| style="background-color:white" |
| National Drivers' Party (PNAR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| style="background-color:white" |
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Romanian National Unity Party}}  
| [[Romanian National Unity Party]] (PUNR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|Romanian National Unity Party}}  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| style="background-color:blue" |
| Democratic Noncommunists' Party In Romania (PDNR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| style="background-color:blue" |
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2000–2004 ====

The town's former local council for the period 2000–2004 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2000 Romanian local elections]]:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="8" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Party of Social Democracy in Romania]] (PDSR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''8'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Democratic Party (Romania)|Democratic Party]] (PD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}  
| [[Greater Romania Party]] (PRM)
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| style="background-color:#90EE90" |
| [[Alliance for Romania]] (ApR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| style="background-color:#90EE90" |
| style="background-color:#90EE90" |
| style="background-color:#90EE90" |
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}  
| [[Romanian Democratic Convention]] (CDR 2000)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}
| {{party color cell|Romanian Democratic Convention}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2004–2008 ====

The town's former local council for the period 2004–2008 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2004 Romanian local elections]]:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="8" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''8'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''8'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Conservative Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Conservative Party (Romania)|Humanist Party]] (PUR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Conservative Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Conservative Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Conservative Party (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Democratic Party (Romania)|Democratic Party]] (PD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''2'''
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}  
| [[Greater Romania Party]] (PRM)
| style="text-align: right" | '''2'''
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
| {{party color cell|Greater Romania Party}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2008–2012 ====

The town's former local council for the period 2008–2012 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2008 Romanian local elections]]:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="16" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Democratic Liberal Party]] (PDL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''16'''
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''5'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''2'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2012–2016 ====

The town's former local council for the period 2012–2016 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2012 Romanian local elections]]:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="12" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| [[Social Liberal Union]] (USL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''12'''
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Liberal Union}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)|Democratic Liberal Party]] (PDL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''10'''
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Democratic Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|People's Party – Dan Diaconescu}}  
| [[People's Party – Dan Diaconescu]] (PP-DD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|People's Party – Dan Diaconescu}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2016–2020 ====

The town's former local council for the period 2016–2020 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2016 Romanian local elections]]:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="10" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''10'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''8'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)}}  
| [[Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)|Alliance of Liberals and Democrats]] (ALDE)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)}}
| {{party color cell|Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (Romania)}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| [[People's Movement Party]] (PMP)
| style="text-align: right" | '''2'''
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2020–2024 ====
The town's former local council between 2020 and 2024 had the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2020 Romanian local elections]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://primariasv.ro/portal/suceava/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/0000911E?OpenDocument|title=Consiliul Local Suceva - componență|language=ro|access-date= 12 March 2021|work=Primăria Suceava}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="9" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''9'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''5'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| [[People's Movement Party]] (PMP)
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}}  
| [[Save Romania Union]] (USR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}}
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}}
| {{party color cell|Save Romania Union}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}}  
| [[PRO Romania]] (PRO)
| style="text-align: right" | '''2'''
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}}  
| {{party color cell|PRO Romania}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==== 2024–2028 ====
The town's current local council has the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the votes cast at the [[2024 Romanian local elections]]:

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="10" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''10'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''6'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|United Right Alliance}}  
| [[United Right Alliance]] (ADU)
| style="text-align: right" | '''4'''
| {{party color cell|United Right Alliance}}  
| {{party color cell|United Right Alliance}}  
| {{party color cell|United Right Alliance}}  
| {{party color cell|United Right Alliance}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}  
| [[Alliance for the Union of Romanians]] (AUR)
| style="text-align: right" | '''3'''
| {{party color cell|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}
| {{party color cell|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}
| {{party color cell|Alliance for the Union of Romanians}}
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==Culture==

=== The Seat Fortress of Suceava ===
{{Main|Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava}}

[[File:1470 - Planul cetatii Suceava Rosetti arta 211.png|thumb|right|Antiquated image showcasing the plan of Suceava seat fortress according to Austrian architect Karl Adolf Romstorfer (1947).]]

Suceava is the place of several medieval sites that are closely linked to the history of the former [[Moldavia|Principality of Moldavia]]. By far the most significant (and at the same time the most well preserved one) is the [[Medieval Seat Fortress of Suceava|Seat Fortress of Suceava]] ({{langx|ro|Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei}}; {{langx|de|Sotschen Festung}})<ref>{{cite web|language=de|url=https://www.historischerverein-stmk.at/galizien-und-bukowina-2016|title=Galizien und Bukowina 2016|work=Historischer Verein für [[Styria|Steiermark]]|date=2016|access-date=29 January 2023}}</ref> or Suceava Citadel, a medieval castle situated on the eastern edge of the contemporary town.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedockyards.com/a-brief-history-of-bukovina-romania-during-the-middle-ages/|author=Victor Rouă|work=The Dockyards|title=A Brief History Of Bukovina, Romania During The Middle Ages|date= 27 January 2019|access-date= 23 June 2020}}</ref>

The fortress was built during the reign of [[Petru II of Moldavia|Petru of Moldavia]] (1375–1391), also known as Petru Mușat. It was further expanded and strengthened during the reigns of [[Alexander I of Moldavia]] (1400–1432) and [[Stephen the Great]] (1457–1504). The medieval castle was part of the fortification system built in [[Moldavia]] during the late 14th century, given the emergence of the expansionist [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] danger. It even became strong enough to hold off an attack by Ottoman sultan [[Mehmed II]] (the conqueror of [[Constantinople]]) in 1476.

[[File:Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei2.jpg|thumb|left|The late 14th century Suceava seat fortress during daytime, as seen in June 2009.]]

Suceava was the capital of the former Principality of Moldavia between 1388 and 1565. During this period, the castle served as princely residence. [[Alexandru Lăpușneanu]] had subsequently moved the Moldavian capital to [[Iași]] in 1565, so the castle lost its status. Afterwards, the citadel entered a period of steep decline. In 1675, during the reign of [[Dumitrașcu Cantacuzino]], the fortress was destroyed. Then, for over two centuries, the castle was completely deserted.

During the late 19th century and early 20th century, under the patronage of Austrian architect [[:ro:Karl Romstorfer|Karl Adolf Romstorfer]], a series of rehabilitation works and archaeological research had been conducted.{{cn|date=June 2025}} Between 1961 and 1970 other restoration and consolidation processes were carried out. In 2013, a major reconstruction program was launched, aiming to return the castle to its original architecture and shape.

[[File:Cetatea de Scaun a Sucevei la ceas de seara.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The late 14th century Suceava seat fortress as seen during nighttime in May 2015.]]

The Seat Fortress of Suceava consists of two concentric citadels. The inner citadel, known as ''fortul mușatin'', has a rectangular shape and a patio (i.e. inner courtyard). It was built by Prince ({{langx|ro|Domnitor}}) [[Petru Mușat]] during the late 14th century. During the second half of the 15th century, Stephen the Great expanded the structure by adding another citadel that had a circular shape surrounding the old one.

After 1476, new fortifications were added to the outer citadel. Furthermore, the whole castle is encircled by a large defensive ditch. Today, the fortress is a landmark of Suceava and a noteworthy touristic attraction. Since 2011, it has also been used for hosting cultural events such as the [[rock music]] festival Bucovina Rock Castle. The festival attracted a series of renowned national and international bands and artists (e.g. guitarist [[Jan Akkerman]], formerly of Dutch [[jazz fusion]] and [[progressive rock]] band [[Focus (band)|Focus]]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bucovinarockcastle.ro|title=Bucovina Rock Castle official website|work=Bukovina Rock Castle|access-date=28 May 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

=== The Princely Court of Suceava ===

[[File:Curtea domneasca din Suceava1.jpg|thumb|left|Present-day ruins of the local Princely Court ({{langx|ro|Curtea domnească}})]]

The Princely Court of Suceava ({{langx|ro|Curtea Domnească din Suceava}}) was built and developed along with the Seat Fortress. During the late 14th century, voivode Petru Mușat built the Princely House, a structure made in wood, which included a cellar. After 1400, Alexander I of Moldavia rebuilt the wooden house and added a surrounding stone wall and a complex of buildings also built in stone. During the second half of the 15th century, the Princely Court was severely affected by fire, the wooden house being completely burned out.

During his reign, Stephen the Great (1457–1504) restored the whole complex. A new Princely House was built, this time made of stone, and the other buildings were extended. [[Vasile Lupu]] (1634–1653) was the last ruler of Moldavia who took care of the Princely Court. During his time, the cellars were rehabilitated. The complex was abandoned at some point in the late 17th century, the buildings and the walls being gradually dismantled. Currently, on the site of the Princely Court there are only ruins and leftovers of the former buildings. The ruins of the former medieval court are located in the city center of Suceava. Between 14th and 17th centuries, in the proximity of the Princely Court there were built several churches that still exist today and attract tourists.

[[File:Cetatea Şcheia10.jpg|thumb|right|The ruined walls of the Șcheia Fortress on Șeptilici Hill]]

===Șcheia Fortress===

On the north-western edge of the contemporary city, on a hilltop, there is another medieval citadel known as ''Șcheia'' Fortress ({{langx|ro|Cetatea Șcheia}}) or the Western Fortress of Suceava ({{langx|ro|Cetatea de Apus a Sucevei}}). Unlike the Seat Fortress, ''Șcheia'' Fortress has left nothing but some ruined walls. The citadel proper was built during the reign of Petru Mușat during the late 14th century, but was short-lived, given that it was dismantled during the early 15th century, in the time of [[Alexander I of Moldavia]]. ''Șcheia'' Fortress, just like the main Seat Fortress, was part of the fortification system built in the medieval Principality of Moldavia during the late 14th century.

=== Museums ===

[[File:Bukovina History Museum frontal view.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The entrance to the [[Bukovina Museum|Bukovina History Museum]]. During the [[interwar period]], the building served as Suceava County prefecture.]]

The first museum in Suceava was opened in 1900, by the initiative of some local intellectuals. In the beginning, the museum included only a few collections that were obtained as a result of the researches and excavation works at the Seat Fortress of Suceava. The museum was expanded and developed over time and became an important cultural institution, currently named [[Bukovina Museum]] ({{langx|ro|Muzeul Bucovinei}}). It has several departments and administers the medieval sites of the Seat Fortress, ''Șcheia'' Fortress and the Princely Court, local museums (Bukovina Village Museum, the history, ethnographic, and natural sciences museums), the memorial houses of [[Simion Florea Marian]] in Suceava, [[Nicolae Labiș]] in [[Mălini]], [[:ro:Eusebiu Camilar|Eusebiu Camilar]] in [[Udești]], [[Ciprian Porumbescu]] in [[Ciprian Porumbescu, Suceava|Stupca]], and two traditional houses located in [[Solca]] and [[Bilca]].

The oldest department of Bukovina Museum is the history museum, which was the backbone for creating a county museum at Suceava. This museum presents the local history of Suceava and Moldavia in the context of Romanian national history. The exhibits of the history museum and the offices of Bukovina Museum are located in a historic building, in the city center. The building, which hosted the prefecture of Suceava County during the interwar period, was built between 1902 and 1903. Since 1968, it houses the history museum. In 2014, the building and the museum entered an extensive program of modernization, rehabilitation, and expansion.

{{multiple image|perrow=2|total_width=300|align=left
|image1 = Crâșma din Șaru Dornei - panoramio.jpg|caption1=Inn from [[Vatra Dornei|Dorna]] ethnographic area, exhibited at Bukovina Village Museum
|image2 = Casa Vicovu de Jos1.jpg|caption2=Traditional household from [[Vicovu de Jos]]
|image3 = Gospodăria Straja6.jpg|caption3=Traditional household from [[Straja, Suceava|Straja]]
|image4 = Moara din Mănăstirea Humorului.jpg|caption4=Windmill from [[Mănăstirea Humorului]]
}}

At the history museum there is a reconstitution of a scene from the former throne hall located in the Seat Fortress. The scene presents some notable people from the history of Moldavia, made in glass fiber: [[Stephen III of Moldavia|Stephen the Great]] (ruler of Moldavia), Maria Voichița (his third wife), [[Bogdan III the One-Eyed]] (his son and successor to the throne), officials of that time. The scene chosen to be reconstructed is an allotment of land for peasants. The reconstitution is based on medieval documents, frescoes, and archaeological researches. Furthermore, the history museum periodically organizes a wide range of cultural events, several of which also involve the local branch of the [[Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania]] (FDGR/DFDR).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.istorielocala.ro/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=878:forumul-democrat-al-germanilor-din-bucovina&Itemid=204|author=www.istorielocala.ro|work=Istoria locală, biblioteca ta publică|title=Forumul Democrat al Germanilor din Bucovina|date= 14 October 2013|access-date= 16 June 2018|language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adz.ro/artikel/artikel/die-geschichte-der-deutschen-in-rumaenien-wurde-noch-nicht-zu-ende-geschrieben/|author=www.adz.ro|work=Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien|title=Die Geschichte der Deutschen in Rumänien wurde noch nicht zu Ende geschrieben|date= 8 January 2014|access-date= 1 October 2018|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Cultural-local/2013-03-25/Festivalul-literar-romano-german-Lectora|author=www.monitorulsv.ro|work=Monitorul de Suceava|title=Festivalul literar româno-german "Lectora"|date= 2013|access-date= 14 July 2020|language=ro}}</ref> Furthermore, the local branch of the FDGR/DFDR ({{langx|de|DFDR Buchenland}}) is also in charge of the ACI Bukowina Stiftung, a Romanian-German cultural foundation whose president is Josef-Otto Exner.<ref>[http://www.fdgr.ro/ro/bucovina Forumul regional Bucovina], 7 June 2020, ''FDGR.ro''.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bukowinafreunde.de/aci-bukowina-stiftung|work=Bukowina Freunde|title=ACI Bukowina Stiftung in der Bukowina|access-date=21 June 2020|language=de}}</ref>

[[File:Muzeul Satului Bucovinean2.jpg|thumb|left|Bukovina Village Museum - The Câmpulung Moldovenesc Hut and the main entrance.]]

Bukovina Village Museum ({{langx|ro|Muzeul Satului Bucovinean}}) is an open-air museum that highlights the traditional cultural and architectural heritage of [[Bukovina]] region. It is located in the eastern part of Suceava, near the Seat Fortress. It was founded in the 1970s, but its major expansion and development took place after 1990. The museum is designed as a traditional village in Bukovina, containing houses and various objectives from the ethnographic areas of [[Rădăuți]], [[Gura Humorului|Humor]], [[Câmpulung Moldovenesc]], [[Vatra Dornei|Dorna]], and [[Fălticeni]].

The museum includes among others a water mill from [[Mănăstirea Humorului]], a traditional blacksmith workshop, a pottery workshop from [[Marginea]] and one of the many old wooden churches in northern Moldavia: Church of the Ascension, a Romanian Orthodox wooden church built in 1783 in [[Vama, Suceava|Vama]], a village in [[Suceava County]]. The bell tower is also made in wood, and dates from 1787. The church and the bell tower were both relocated in 2001, and currently are part of the museum.

{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| header =
| header_align = left/right/center
| header_background =
| footer
| footer_align = left/right/center
| footer_background =
| width =
| image1 = Hanul Domnesc din Suceava11.jpg
| width1 = 150
| caption1 = The Princely Inn during communism
| image2 = Hanul Domnesc din Suceava9.jpg
| width2 = 187
| caption2 = Entrance to the Princely Inn (now Ethnographic Museum)
}}

Besides Bukovina Village Museum, another museum that reflects the traditional life in this part of Romania is the ethnographic museum. It was opened in 1968 and includes old collections and exhibits that are housed in a medieval inn located in the center of Suceava, known as the Princely Inn of Suceava ({{langx|ro|Hanul Domnesc din Suceava}}). This landmark dates from the late 16th and early 17th century. It was built of stone and has two floors and a cellar. During the Austrian rule (1775–1918), the inn operated as a hunting lodge for the imperial family. Since 1968, it hosts the ethnographic museum. The Princely Inn is the oldest civic building in Suceava which had not been seriously affected by time and maintained its original architecture.

[[File:Muzeul de Stiintele Naturii din Suceava4.jpg|thumb|right|Natural Sciences Museum]]

The natural sciences museum was founded in 1976–1977, being the newest museum in Suceava. It highlights the flora and fauna of the surrounding area. The museum's rare exhibits and collections are housed in an old building, located in the central park of the city and built between 1811 and 1814. In the past, before being an attraction for visitors, the building operated as a school for boys.

Along with all these museums, Bukovina Museum includes memorial houses of some writers and artists born in this area of the country. The memorial house of Simion Florea Marian ({{langx|ro|Casa memorială Simion Florea Marian}}) is the only one located in Suceava, the other ones being in the surrounding area. The memorial house operates as a museum. It was opened in 1974 in the home where Romanian priest and writer Simion Florea Marian lived, from 1884 until 1907, when he died. The museum hosts a collection that contains over 10,000 volumes, over 450 collections of magazines and newspapers, of which 150 are from [[Bukovina]], manuscripts, letters, cultural and historical documents, old photos. In front of the memorial house it was opened a small park with a statue dedicated to Simion Florea Marian.

=== Historical buildings ===
{{See also|Suceava Administrative Palace}}

''Colegiul de Artă Ciprian Porumbescu'' ({{langx|ro|Ciprian Porumbescu Art College}}) is a high school which is hosted in a historic building, built in 1859, in the city center of Suceava. The building had several destinations in the past: Suceava Town Hall (until 1904) and ''Școala primară română de fete'' (Primary Romanian school for girls). Romanian jazz singer [[Anca Parghel]] taught music for a living in Suceava at this local Arts high school before turning to a professional singing career in 1989.

''Gara Suceava Nord-Ițcani'' ([[Suceava North railway station]], also known as ''Ițcani'') is a train station built in 1871 in the village of [[Ițcani]] (today district of Suceava). Between 1871 and 1918, it was a train station at the Austro-Hungarian border. The historic building of Ițcani railway station was built in the Gothic style of the Central European railway stations of that period.

''Palatul de Justiție'' (The Palace of Justice) is a historic building which was built in 1885 to serve as the seat of Suceava Tribunal and Court. The building has four sides and a patio, and was designed by Viennese architect [[Fellner & Helmer|Ferdinand Fellner]]. Later, during the communist regime, the city hall was moved in this palace and operated here until 2000.

''Spitalul Vechi'' (The Old Hospital) is a complex of buildings built between 1891 and 1903 which originally hosted the district hospital. The hospital ensemble consists of four pavilions of historic value and was built in the southwestern end of Suceava, in Areni neighborhood. In 1964 a new hospital building (known as ''Spitalul Nou'') was inaugurated nearby.

''Colegiul Național Ștefan cel Mare'' (Ștefan cel Mare National College) is the oldest and most prestigious high school in [[Suceava County]], established in 1860. The baroque style building which houses the high school was built between 1893 and 1895, downtown Suceava, and today is considered a historical monument.

''Gara Suceava-Burdujeni'' ([[Suceava railway station]], also known as ''Burdujeni'') is a train station built between 1892 and 1902 in the village of Burdujeni (today district of Suceava). Between 1902 and 1918, it was a train station at the Austro-Hungarian border. The historic building of Burdujeni railway station was built in the architectural style of [[Fribourg]] railway station, located in Switzerland.

''Palatul Administrativ'' ([[Suceava Administrative Palace|The Administrative Palace]]) is a historic building which was built between 1903–1904 to serve as the seat of Suceava City Hall. The building originally had only two sides of the four current sides, and was designed by Viennese architect [[Peter Paul Brang]]. It was designed in the baroque style. Currently, the palace houses the prefecture and the county council of Suceava County.

''Casa Polonă'' (The Polish House) is a building made between 1903 and 1907 by the Polish community in the city of Suceava. The building was designed by architect [[Alojz Friedel]]. During the communist regime, The Polish House was nationalized, and since 1954, it housed ''Ansamblul Artistic Ciprian Porumbescu'' (Ciprian Porumbescu Artistic Ensemble). In 1984 the building was restored, and then hosted a local theatre, until 1990. In 1996, the building was returned to the Polish community of the city.

''Uzina de Apă'' (The Water Plant) is a set of industrial heritage buildings, designed in 1908 by engineer G. Thiem from [[Leipzig]] and built between 1910 and 1912.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://miesarch.com/work/1112|title=Water Plant, Center for Architecture, Urban Culture and landscape|author=www.miesarch.com|work=Fundació Mies van der Rohe. 2018|access-date= 16 June 2018}}</ref> The water plant operated in these buildings between 1912 and 1960, and then it was moved into a modern building. In 2012, in celebration of 100 years since its establishment, in the former water plant buildings there was inaugurated the Centre for Architecture, Urban Culture and Landscape in Suceava.

''Biblioteca Bucovinei I.G. Sbiera'' (I.G. Sbiera Bukovina Library) is the first public library in Suceava, inaugurated on 12 December 1923. It is also the largest library in Suceava County, with over 350,000 bibliographic units. Currently, the library is hosted by two historic buildings located in downtown Suceava and built between 1925 and 1926, respectively 1929–1930.

''The County Forestry Department'' in Suceava is an institution which operates in a heritage building located in Areni neighborhood, in the city of Suceava. The building dates from the first half of the 20th century.

''The Unions House'' in Suceava is a heritage building, located in downtown Suceava, which houses the unions offices, along with some shops. The building is also known as Samuil Isopescu House.

''Casa Costin Tarangul'' (Costin Tarangul House) is a heritage house dating from the 19th century (1886). The building is located next to Simion Florea Marian Memorial House, in the center of Suceava.

''Casa Ciprian Porumbescu'' (Ciprian Porumbescu House) is a heritage house dating from the 19th century, where Romanian composer [[Ciprian Porumbescu]] lived and created some of his works. The house is located in Prunului street, downtown Suceava.

''School No. 5 Jean Bart'' in Burdujeni (Suceava) is a school built in 1902 in the village Burdujeni, today a town district of Suceava. The building that houses the school has historic value.

''School No. 6 in Burdujeni-Sat'' (Suceava) is a school built in 1911 in the village Burdujeni, today a town district of Suceava. The building that houses the school has historic value.

''Former Burdujeni Town Hall'' in Suceava is a building that was built in 1902 in the village Burdujeni and initially was the town hall of the locality. In 1926 Burdujeni became a district of Suceava, and so the town hall was abolished. The historic building currently houses the headquarters of Electrica company.

<gallery class="center">
File:PNL local headquarters in downtown Suceava.jpg|Austrian-style house situated in the historical town centre which currently serves as the local headquarters of PNL Suceava.
File:Gara Suceava Nord.jpg|Ițcani railway station during the early 20th century
File:Suceava railway station (39856700481).jpg|Burdujeni railway station during the early 20th century
File:Spitalul vechi din Suceava6.jpg|The central pavilion of the Old Hospital in Suceava
File:Palatul Administrativ din Suceava19.jpg|The Administrative Palace during the interwar period
File:BRC Sv.jpg|St. John of Nepomuk Roman Catholic church in 1990
File:Biblioteca Bucovinei I.G. Sbiera din Suceava.jpg|I.G. Sbiera Bukovina Library in Suceava
File:Direcția Silvică iarna.jpg|The County Forestry Department in Suceava, as seen during the winter.
File:Primaria din Burdujeni.jpg|Former Burdujeni town hall building
File:Casa_Polonă_din_Suceava4.jpg|The 'Dom Polski' Polish House
</gallery>

==== Ițcani neighbourhood ====
{{multiple image|perrow = 2|total_width=300
| image1 = Gara Suceava Nord1.jpg
| image2 = Poliţia din Iţcani1.jpg
| image3 = Școala din Ițcani1.jpg
| image4 = Clădire din Ițcani.jpg
| footer = Clockwise from left to right: Suceava North railway station, former police station, the old elementary school in Ițcani, and a local Austrian-style household.
}}

[[Ițcani]] is a neighbourhood located several miles northwest of the city centre. Initially established as a small village in the 15th century under the rulership of [[Alexăndrel of Moldavia]], it expanded as a German-speaking colony starting in the late 19th century, seeing an influx of German settlers during the [[Josephine colonization]] which took place in the time of the [[Austrian Empire]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bukovinasociety.org/buko/sitefiles/Talsky-Josef-Heimat-von-gestern-Regional-distribution-of-Germans-in-Bukovina.html|author=Josef Talsky|work=The Bukovina Society of the Americas|title=The Regional Distribution of the Germans in Bukovina|access-date= 16 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bukovinasociety.org/buko/sitefiles/Stephani-Claus-1978-Settlement-of-German-Population-Groups-in-Bukovina-E.html|author=Dr. Claus Stephani|work=The Bukovina Society of the Americas|title=The Golden Bistritz - The Settlement of German Population Groups in Bukovina|access-date= 16 June 2018}}</ref> [[Suceava North railway station|The north railway station]] (which depicts architectural elements of both [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic revival]] and [[Neo-romanticism|Neo-romanticist]] styles, also the oldest in the city) is situated in this neighbourhood as well.

=== Monuments ===

Near the fortress, in Șipote-Cetate Park, there is an [[equestrian statue]] of Stephen the Great, designed and made by the local sculptor Iftimie Bârleanu in 1977. The monument has 23 meters in height, being the tallest equestrian statue in Romania. In the town centre there's also a statue dedicated to [[Petru Mușat]], Prince of Moldavia between 1375 and 1391 and to [[Petru Rareș]], twice Prince of Moldavia, firstly between 1527 and 1538 then secondly and for the last time between 1541 and 1546.

=== Religious buildings ===

==== Romanian Orthodox churches ====

[[File:Suceava.jpg|thumb|The town centre of Suceava in wintertime, with the Church of St. Demetrius and its belfry tower in the background.]]

One of the most important cultural sites in Suceava is [[Saint John the New Monastery]] which includes the monumental Church of [[Saint George]], built between 1514 and 1522. The construction began during the reign of voivode [[Bogdan III the One-Eyed]] of Moldavia, after the nearby Mirăuți Church (the metropolitan cathedral of Moldavia at that moment) was devastated in 1513. The construction was completed by [[Stephen IV of Moldavia]] (also known as Ștefăniță). The monastery church served as metropolitan cathedral of Moldavia until 1677. It has frescoes painted on the outside, typical of the region, and is one of eight buildings that make up the [[churches of Moldavia]] [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]].<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/598 Churches of Moldavia] at the UNESCO site</ref> Since 1991 Saint John the New Monastery serves as the cathedral of the [[Archdiocese of Suceava and Rădăuți]]. Saint John the New<ref>[http://sfantulioancelnou.8k.ro/ sfantulioancelnou.8k.ro] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227211255/http://sfantulioancelnou.8k.ro/ |date=2009-12-27 }}</ref> was a Moldavian monk who preached during Turkish occupation and was subsequently martyred in Cetatea Albă, present-day [[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi]] in Ukraine. [[Alexander I of Moldavia]] brought his relics to Suceava in 1402.

Mirăuți Church, dedicated to Saint George, is the oldest religious building in Suceava, founded by [[Petru II of Moldavia]] in late 14th century, in the same period with the Seat Fortress, when he moved the capital from [[Siret]] to Suceava. The church established the city as a see of it. Mirăuți was the metropolitan cathedral of Moldavia between 1402 and 1522, when the church of Saint John the New Monastery was completed. In 1402, the relics of Saint John the New were transferred to this church from [[Cetatea Albă]], and then, in 1589 transferred again to the nearby monastery church by voivode [[Peter the Lame]]. The name ''Mirăuți'' derives from the fact that it was the coronation church of Moldavia until 1522. [[Stephen the Great]] was crowned in here in 1457. After the church was devastated, it was rebuilt in early 17th century, and then, in the 18th century, abandoned.

Church of [[Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki|Saint Demetrius]] was founded by [[Peter IV Rareș]], ruler of Moldavia (1527–1538, 1541–1546), and the son of Stephan the Great. The church was built in 1534–1535, with a bell tower added in 1560–1561 by Alexandru Lăpușneanu. The bell tower is 40 meters high, being the tallest bell tower in Suceava and a landmark of the city. The church had frescoes painted on the outside, that are still visible on one side wall. The frescoes inside were restored recently. Church of Saint Demetrius is located near the ruins of the former Princely Court of Suceava.

{{multiple image|perrow = 2|total_width=300
| image1 = Biserica „Sf. Gheorghe” Suczawa SM.jpg
| image2 = Biserica Sf. Dumitru din Suceava34.jpg
| image3 = Biserica Mirauti27.jpg
| image4 = Biserica Sfântul Nicolae din Suceava2.jpg
| footer = Clockwise from left to right: St. John the New Monastery (UNESCO World Heritage site), Church of St. Demetrius, Mirăuți Church, Church of St. Nicholas.
}}

Furthermore, there is another old church near these ruins. Church of [[Saint John the Baptist]], also known as Coconilor Church or Domnițelor Church, was founded in 1643 by [[Vasile Lupu]], voivode of Moldavia between 1632 and 1653. It has no exterior frescoes and a short bell tower that has its roof linked with the roof above the church. In its early days, the church functioned as a chapel for the Princely Court.

Church of the Resurrection (located in the proximity of Saint John the New Monastery) dates from 1551, and was founded by Elena Rareș, the wife of voivode Peter IV Rareș. The church has no tower above the [[cella|naos]], its architecture reflecting the urban style of the medieval period. Instead of the bell tower, the church has a [[zvonnitsa]], an architectural form especially used in the [[Russian architecture]] of the 14th–17th centuries. Church of the Resurrection was used by the local Roman Catholic community during the Habsburg occupation, and then by the Ruthenian Greek Catholic community, until 1936. It is also known as ''Văscresenia Church'' or ''Elena Doamna'' Church.

Church of [[Saint Nicholas]] (Prăjescu) is another religious building in Suceava that features the medieval Moldavian architectural style. The present church was rebuilt by treasurer Nicoară Prăjescu in 1611, during the reign of Constantin Movilă (1607–1611). Throughout its history, the church functioned as a necropolis for the local [[boyar]]s.

Between the city center and Ițcani neighborhood, on the slopes that descend to the [[Suceava (river)|Suceava river valley]], there is Church of the Assumption, another old Romanian Orthodox church, founded in the first half of the 17th century (1639). The church was built on the place where Ițcani Monastery existed before. It functioned as a nunnery until late 18th century. Today it is parish church, and has a zvonnitsa similar to that of Church of the Resurrection, located downtown.

In Burdujeni neighborhood, {{convert|4|km|0|abbr=on}} north-east of the city center, there is Teodoreni Monastery, founded in 1597 by local boyar Teodor Movilă, the elder brother of [[Ieremia Movilă]], ruler of Moldavia (1595–1600, 1600–1606). Burdujeni village (now a district of Suceava) was established and developed around this monastery. The set of buildings includes Church of Ascension, the bell tower, living quarters for nuns and a surrounding wall. Just {{convert|1|km|1|abbr=on}} north of Teodoreni Monastery, in the old district of Burdujeni, there is Church of the Holy Trinity, founded by archimandrite Filaret Scriban in 1851.

Ițcani neighborhood has two Romanian Orthodox churches founded in the first half of the 20th century: Church of the Holy Archangels (built near [[Suceava North railway station]], in 1933–1938) and Church of the Holy Apostles (located on [[European route E85]] and built in 1905–1908 by the German community of Ițcani, initially as a Lutheran church).

[[Church of the Holy Cross, Pătrăuți|Church of the Holy Cross]], located in [[Pătrăuți]] village (a few miles north-west of Ițcani), was founded in 1487 by Stephen the Great, and is one of the monuments that make up the [[churches of Moldavia]] [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]]. Also not far away from Ițcani, there is [[Dragomirna Monastery]], established by clergyman [[Anastasie Crimca]] in 1609. [[Voroneț Monastery]] is located {{convert|40|km|0|abbr=on}} west of Suceava, in the town of [[Gura Humorului]].

==== German Roman Catholic and Lutheran churches ====

{{multiple image|perrow = 2|total_width=200
| image1 = Biserica Sf. Ioan Nepomuk din Suceava44.jpg
| image2 = Biserica Sf. Elisabeta din Itcani15.jpg
| image3 = Biserica Sf. Apostoli din Itcani10.jpg
| image4 = Biserica Evanghelică din Suceava1.jpg
| footer = Clockwise from left to right: St. John of Nepomuk Roman Catholic Church,{{efn|Situated in the town centre}} St. Elizabeth Roman Catholic Church,{{efn|Situated in Ițcani (now Orthodox)}} St. Apostles Evangelical Lutheran Church,{{efn|Situated in Ițcani (now Orthodox)}} The Evangelical Lutheran Church.{{efn|Situated in the town centre}}
}}

During the [[Late modern period|late]] [[Modern era|Modern Age]] up until the early 1940s, a sizeable ethnic [[Bukovina Germans|German]] community lived in the town of Suceava. They were of both [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] and [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] faith.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bukovinasociety.org/newsletters/Buko-NL-2012-1-Mar-Bukovina-Society-Newsletter.pdf|author=Willi Kosiul|work=Bukowina Freunde|title=Bukovina and its Bukovina Germans|access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://master.cedcsv.ro/cedc/infos/informatica/Minoritatile_conlocuitoare_din_judetul_Suceava/Germanii/germanii.html|author=www.mastercedcsv.ro|work=Minoritățile conlocuitoare din județul Suceava|title=Germanii|language=ro|access-date=31 December 2019}}</ref> These [[German language|German]]-speaking colonists who were settled by the [[Austrian Empire]] in the town proper can trace their origins most notably to the territories of present-day southern [[Germany]], [[Austria]], and the [[Czech Republic]] (more specifically [[Bohemia]] or the [[Bohemian Forest]]), being thus both Roman Catholics and Protestants (more specifically Lutherans).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bukovinasociety.org/buko/sitefiles/Welisch-2002-1.html|author=Dr. Sophie A. Welisch|work=The Bukovina Society of the Americas|title=The History of Bukovina|access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref>

Several religious buildings that served both aforementioned religious denominations can still be found today both in the town proper and in the [[Ițcani]] neighbourhood, where a bygone community of ethnic Germans (stemming from the contemporary [[Rhineland-Palatinate]] land in Germany) once lived in sizeable numbers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.monitorulsv.ro/Local/2009-08-24/Viata-germanilor-bucovineni-din-Itcanii-Noi|author=Daniela Micutariu|work=Monitorul de Suceava|title=Viaţa germanilor bucovineni din Iţcanii Noi|language=ro|access-date= 16 June 2018}}</ref>

==== Armenian Orthodox churches ====
[[File:Biserica Sf. Cruce din Suceava.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Church of the Holy Cross]]
[[File:Mănăstirea Zamca30.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Zamca Monastery]]

In the past, Suceava used to have an important Armenian community as well. Their cultural and historical legacy is highlighted by a series of well preserved religious buildings that still exist to this today.

The most representative ecclesiastical landmark established by the local Armenian population is Zamca Monastery (the term Zamca can actually trace its linguistic origin to [[Polish language|Polish]], denoting as such a 'fortified place' and being named this way by [[List of Polish monarchs|King]] [[John III Sobieski|Jan Sobieski]] of [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Poland]] in 1691), a fortified complex of buildings located on a plateau at the western point of the contemporary city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://calatoresc.ro/descopera-orasul-suceava|author=Isabela|work=călătoresc.ro|title=Descoperă orașul Suceava|date=2 October 2013|access-date= 28 September 2018|language=ro}}</ref>

Zamca Monastery was constructed between 1551 and 1606 and its church is dedicated to Saint Auxentius. Along with the church, the monastery includes several buildings made of stone and a defensive wall that surrounds the whole medieval complex.

Between Zamca Monastery and the city center there are two more Armenian Orthodox churches. Church of Saint Simon (also known as The Red Tower Church because of its bell tower) was founded in 1513. The bell tower was constructed in 1551.

The church has an old Armenian cemetery in the proximity and a chapel that was built in 1902 (Pruncul Chapel). Church of the Holy Cross was established in 1521 and was renovated several times in its history. The Armenian parsonage is located near the church, along with several old tomb stones.

Hagigadar Monastery is another medieval complex built by the local Armenians. It was founded in 1512–1513, and is located on the south-western proximity of the town, on a valley near [[European route E85]].

== Tourism ==

In the past few years Suceava started to evolve more rapidly. The most important sights in the town date from its time as a princely capital (i.e. the Middle Ages). There are numerous museums in the city proper including, most notably, the Bucovina History Museum, the Bucovina Village Museum,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://muzeulbucovinei.ro/muzeul-satului-bucovinean|author=www.monitorulsv.ro|work=Muzeul Bucovinei|title=Muzeul Satului Bucovinean|access-date= 16 June 2018|language=ro}}</ref> Bucovina Ethnographic Museum (housed in an inn dating back to the 17th century),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://orasulsuceava.ro/unde-iesim/obiective-turistice/muzee/muzeul-etnografic-hanul-domnesc|work=Orașul Suceava|title=Muzeul Etnografic Hanul Domnesc|date=7 January 2016 |access-date= 28 September 2018|language=ro}}</ref> or the Natural History Museum.

== Shopping centres ==

{{multiple image
| align = right
| direction = horizontal
| header =
| header_align = left/right/center
| header_background =
| footer
| footer_align = left/right/center
| footer_background =
| width =
| image1 = Iulius Mall Suceava parking lot at night.JPG
| width1 = 170
| caption1 = The parking lot of Iulius Mall (2008–present) at night
| image2 = Suceava Galleria, general view - panoramio.jpg
| width2 = 150
| caption2 = Galleria Shopping Center (2009–2013)
| image3 = Magazinul Bucovina din Suceava2.jpg
| width3 = 150
| caption3 = Bucovina Shopping Center (1971–present)
}}

Suceava is renowned in Romania for having the most modern shopping centres (i.e. malls) and commercial spaces per capita.<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://suceavanews.ro/148675/economic/suceava-orasul-din-romania-cu-cele-mai-multe-mall-uri-pe-cap-de-locuitor/|title=Suceava, orașul din România cu cele mai multe mall-uri pe cap de locuitor|author=Redacția SuceavaNews|work=Suceava News|date=19 June 2014|access-date=28 September 2022}}</ref> The most significant and also largest shopping centres of the town are Iulius Mall Suceava (situated closer to Ițcani), Galleria Shopping Center (outside the town proper), and Bucovina Shopping Center (located closer in the town centre). The latter was built during communist times whereas the former were both built after 1989.

The biggest and most representative shopping centre in Suceava is Iulius Mall and remains as such to this day, given the total volume of customers coming there for their needs as well as for the total amount of commercial spaces which the mall includes.

== Sports ==

=== Football ===

[[File:Areni Stadium.jpg|thumb|right|Areni Stadium, in downtown Suceava near the town hall, as seen in 2021.]]

[[ACS Foresta Suceava]] ({{langx|ro|Asociația Club Sportiv Foresta Suceava}}), formerly known as Rapid CFR Suceava, currently plays in [[Liga III]], the third tier of the Romanian football system.

The town has also had other significant football clubs competing in either [[Liga I]] or Liga II such as [[CSM Suceava]], [[FC Cetatea Suceava]], or [[Foresta Fălticeni|Foresta Suceava]], the last initially based in the city of [[Fălticeni]] from the same county. The town also used to have another Liga III side, [[ACS Sporting Suceava|Sporting Suceava]], but it went bankrupt.

All the major sporting events are hosted on the [[Stadionul Areni|Areni Stadium]], a multi-purpose stadium with a capacity of 12,500 people. It is currently the home ground of ACS Foresta Suceava. The stadium was initially opened in 1963 as the "''Municipal Stadium''".

=== Handball ===

[[CSU Suceava|CS Universitatea Bucovina Suceava]] is the town's men's [[handball]] team which currently competes in the [[Liga Națională (men's handball)|Romanian Handball League]] ({{langx|ro|Liga Națională}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://csusuceava.ro/echipa/istoric/|title=Echipa - Istoric|publisher=csusuceava.ro|access-date=31 May 2011|language=ro|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830072422/http://csusuceava.ro/echipa/istoric/|archive-date=30 August 2013}}</ref> It was founded in 2002 and it started playing in the first tier of the Romanian handball system in 2006. In 2011, it achieved its greatest performance to date, namely finishing 3rd in the national handball division.

== Education ==
[[File:USV (februarie 2023).jpg|thumb|right|Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava in 2023]]
[[File:Ștefan cel Mare National College.jpg|thumb|right|Ștefan cel Mare National College in 2020]]

The only university of the town is the [[Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava]] ({{langx|ro|Universitatea "Ștefan cel Mare" din Suceava}}, USV) which was established in 1990. However, this institution of higher education was initially founded as the ''Institute of Pedagogy'' as early as 1963.

The most prominent high schools with theoretical pathways of the town are the following ones:

'''National College "Mihai Eminescu" Suceava'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cn-eminescu.ro/|title=Colegiul Național "Mihai Eminescu" din Suceava|access-date= 17 June 2018}}</ref>
* Named after the most well-known Moldavian and Romanian poet, [[Mihai Eminescu]]
* Main study offers are: Social Sciences, Mathematics and Computer Science, and Philology

'''National College "Petru Rareș" Suceava'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnprsv.ro/|title=Colegiul Național "Petru Rareș" din Suceava|access-date=17 June 2018}}</ref>
* Named after the voievod of Moldavia, [[Petru Rareș|Peter IV Rareș]]
* Main study offers are: English, Philology, Mathematics and Computer Science.

'''National College "Ștefan cel Mare" Suceava'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnstefancelmare.ro|title=Colegiul Național "Ștefan cel Mare" din Suceava|access-date= 17 June 2018}}</ref>
* Named after the prince of Moldavia between the years 1457 and 1504, [[Stephen the Great|Stephen III of Moldavia]] (also known as Stephen the Great)
* Main study offers are: Natural Sciences, Mathematics and Computer Science.

'''Economical College "Dimitre Cantemir" Suceava'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://master.cedcsv.ro/cedc/|title=Colegiul Economic "Dimitrie Cantemir" Suceava|access-date= 17 June 2018}}</ref>
* Named after the twice Prince of Moldavia and the famous writer of ''Descriptio Moldavie'', [[Dimitrie Cantemir]].
* It is the only economics high-school in Suceava.
* Main study offers are Tourism, Gastronomy, Alimentation, Economy, Countability, and Trade.
* The main profile which the school promovates is the Technical profile.

== Transportation ==

=== Public transport ===

[[File:Suceava Irisbus 1.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Irisbus near Burdujeni train station (2000s)]]

In terms of public transportation, the Municipality of Suceava currently has a series of green [[electric bus]]es within its public transportation fleet with the support of [[Switzerland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eda.admin.ch/countries/romania/ro/home/aktuell/news.html/countries/romania/en/meta/news/2015/july/electromobility--switzerland-supports-suceava-to-become-a-green-|title=Electromobility: Switzerland supports Suceava to become a "green" municipality.|work=The Federal Administration of Switzerland website|date=30 July 2015|access-date=31 October 2023}}</ref> In the past, there were both buses and [[trolleybus]]es in circulation across the town and in the neighbouring localities. The trolleybus system of the town was officially opened on 15 August 1987 and was officially closed on 2 April 2006.

Nowadays, public transportation is mostly modern and meets efficient technical standards. The type of buses which were in service and operated across the town before the arrival of the green buses were of [[Iveco Bus|Irisbus]] type. As of 2023, the town's fleet of electric buses stops around various stations both across the town and outside of it in the nearby localities (e.g. in [[Șcheia, Suceava|Șcheia]]). The main operator of public transportation in Suceava is SC Transport Public Local SA (TPL).<ref>{{cite web|language=ro|url=https://www.tpl-sv.ro|title=Transport Public Local Suceava|access-date=31 October 2023}}</ref>

=== Air ===

[[File:Aerogara Suceava.jpg|thumb|left|Suceava Ștefan cel Mare International Airport - new TWR and main terminal building in 2015.]]

Suceava is served by the [[Suceava Ștefan cel Mare International Airport|Suceava International "Ștefan cel Mare" Airport]] (SCV), located {{convert|12|km|abbr=on}} east of the town centre, in the nearby small town of [[Salcea]].<ref name="loc">[http://www.aeroportsuceava.ro/en/2016-01-29-19-50-13/2016-01-29-19-55-57.html LRSV location] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325173110/http://aeroportsuceava.ro/en/2016-01-29-19-50-13/2016-01-29-19-55-57.html |date=2016-03-25 }}</ref> The airport initially opened in 1962 when commercial services started with [[TAROM]], the oldest operating Romanian airline.<ref name="history">[http://www.aeroportsuceava.ro/en/2012-01-04-13-30-45/istoric About Suceava Airport] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151011162947/http://www.aeroportsuceava.ro/en/2012-01-04-13-30-45/istoric |date=2015-10-11 }}</ref> In 1963, the runway was paved, and an apron was built. Services by TAROM were discontinued in 2001, but resumed in 2004. During this period, the airport was only served by [[Angel Airlines (Romania)|Angel Airlines]]. In March 2005, the airport was renamed ''Ștefan cel Mare Airport'', and opened to international traffic.

In 2013, Suceava International Airport started a plan (worth {{c.}} €39 million) to rebuild and extend the old runway of {{convert|1800|m|abbr=on|0}}, to construct a new control tower and to install a new [[Instrument landing system|ILS system]].<ref>[http://www.aeroportsuceava.ro/documente/comunicate/9-08-2013.pdf Suceava Airport press release]</ref> In August 2013, the construction works commenced,<ref>[http://www.obiectivdesuceava.ro/local/lucrarile-la-aeroportul-sucevei-au-demarat-fara-surle-si-trambite/ Lucrările la aeroportul Sucevei au demarat] {{in lang|ro}}</ref> and on 12 January 2014, the airport closed in order to allow the runway works to resume.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://monitorizari.hotnews.ro/stiri-infrastructura_articole-20583515-video-aeroportul-din-suceava-redeschis-oficial-dupa-doi-ani-modernizari-tarom-operat-primele-curse.htm|author=Victor Cozmei|work=Hotnews|title=VIDEO Aeroportul din Suceava, redeschis oficial dupa doi ani de modernizari: Tarom a operat primele curse|date= 12 November 2015|access-date= 29 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref> The old concrete runway was completely removed, and a new asphalt runway was constructed.

On 25 October 2015, the airport was officially reopened.<ref>[http://www.agerpres.ro/social/2015/10/25/aeroportul-suceava-deschis-traficului-aerian-intern-si-international-18-19-08 Aeroportul Suceava deschis traficului aerian intern și internațional] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315133308/https://www.agerpres.ro/social/2015/10/25/aeroportul-suceava-deschis-traficului-aerian-intern-si-international-18-19-08 |date=2018-03-15 }} {{in lang|ro}}</ref> As of 2019, Suceava International Airport had an annual traffic of 430,064 passengers, a local record thus far, making it the [[List of the busiest airports in Romania|8th busiest airport in Romania]].<ref>Asociația Aeroporturilor din România (AAR)</ref>

==Natives==

{{Category see also|People from Suceava}}

{{Collapsible list|title=Intellectuals and artists|
{{Div col}}
* {{ill|Marius Babias|de}}, art critic, author, and curator (director of [[:de:Neuer Berliner Kunstverein|Neuer Berliner Kunstverein]] since 2008)
* [[Iosif Berman]], photographer and journalist during the [[interwar period]]
* [[Eugeniu Botez]] (nom de plume ''Jean Bart''), writer
* [[Olga Bucătaru]], actress
* {{ill|Stela Cheptea|ro}}, historian and medievalist
* [[Vladimir Găitan]], actor
* [[Norman Manea]], writer and intellectual
* {{ill|Ioan Nemeș|ro}}, physicist and biologist
* {{ill|George Ostafi|de}}, abstract painter
* [[Gheorghe Panaiteanu Bardasare]], painter
* [[Nicolae Picu]], violinist
* [[Pamfil Polonic]], archaeologist and topographer
* {{ill|Ioana Rostoș|ro}} (nom de plume ''Jane Rostos''), writer
* {{ill|Ludwig Adolf Staufe-Simiginowicz|de}}, poet and German language teacher
{{div col end}}
}}
{{Collapsible list|title=Sportsmen|
{{Div col}}
* [[Daniel Bălan]], football player and coach
* [[Petru Bălan]], rugby union footballer
* [[Mugur Bolohan|Cristian Mugur Bolohan]], former football player and coach
* [[Alexandru Buziuc]], football player
* [[Ionuț Dimofte]], rugby union football player
* [[Irina Dorneanu]], Olympic rower
* [[Iulian Dumitraș]], rugby union football player
* [[Dorin Goian]], former football player and coach
* [[Lucian Goian]], football player
* [[Cătălin Golofca]], football player
* [[Lidia Havriștiuc]], football player
* [[Aleksandru Longher]], football player
* [[Paul Mateciuc]], football player
* [[Cosmin Pașcovici]], former football player
* [[Anca Polocoșer]], handball player
* [[Doru Popadiuc]], football player
* [[Mihai Roman]], football player
* [[Tiberiu Serediuc]], football player
* [[Ovidiu Slușariuc]], former rugby union football player
* [[Sonia Ursu-Kim]], basketball player
{{div col end}}
}}
{{Collapsible list|title=Clergymen|
* [[Dosoftei|Dimitrie Barilă]], 17th century [[Moldavia]]n [[Metropolitan bishop|Metropolitan]], scholar, poet, and translator
* [[Iosif Bobulescu]], 19th century bishop
* [[Anastasie Crimca]], 16th century [[Romanian Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] clergyman, calligrapher, [[Illuminated manuscript|illuminator]], and writer
* [[Peter Mogila]], 17th century theologian
* [[Eugen J. Pentiuc]], theologian, dean of [[Hellenic College Holy Cross Greek Orthodox School of Theology|Hellenic College]]
* [[Shotzer Rebbe|Shulem Moskovitz]], [[chasidic]] [[Rebbe]]
* [[Filaret Scriban]], 19th century theologian
* [[Meir Shapiro]], [[Hasidic]] [[rabbi]] and [[rosh yeshiva]]
}}
{{Collapsible list|title=Politicians|
* [[Luca Arbore]], 15th–16th century Moldavian boyar, diplomat, and statesman
* [[Cristian Adomniței]], former PNL Minister of Education (2007–2008)
* [[Eugen Bejinariu]], former PSD acting [[Prime Minister of Romania|Prime Minister]] (2004)
}}

== International relations ==

=== Consulates and embassies ===
* {{flagicon|UKR}} Consulate general of [[Ukraine]]

=== Twin towns – sister cities ===
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania}}
Suceava is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Orașe înfrățite|url=https://www.primariasv.ro/dm_suceava/site.nsf/pagini/orase+infratite-000016B2|website=primariasv.ro|publisher=Suceava|language=ro|access-date=2024-01-26}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|PSE}} [[Bethlehem]], Palestine
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Chernivtsi]], Ukraine
*{{flagicon|MDA}} [[Chișinău]], Moldova<ref>{{cite web |title=Chișinău și Suceava – orașe înfrățite. Consiliul Municipal Chișinău a votat, cu majoritatea voturilor, acordul de înfrăți între cele două municipii|url=https://tv8.md/2021/11/23/chisinau-si-suceava-orase-infratite-consiliul-municipal-chisinau-a-votat-cu-majoritatea-voturilor-acordul-de-infrati-intre-cele-doua-municipii/|website=tv8.md|publisher=[[TV8 (Moldova)|TV8]]|language=ro|date=2021-11-23|access-date=2024-01-26}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|CYP}} [[Karavas]], Cyprus
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Laval, Mayenne|Laval]], France
*{{flagicon|UKR}} [[Mahala, Chernivtsi Oblast|Mahala]], Ukraine
*{{flagicon|MDA}} [[Soroca]], Moldova
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Sosnowiec]], Poland
*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Yinchuan]], China
{{div col end}}

=== Other partnerships ===
In addition to the town twinning, Suceava shares a series of regional, cultural, and economic partnerships with the following urban settlements or regions:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://primariasv.ro/portal/suceava/portal.nsf/AllByUNID/000011BE?OpenDocument|title=Primăria Suceava - Despre orașul Suceava|work=Primăria Suceava|access-date= 5 June 2020|language=ro}}</ref>

* {{flagicon|DEU}} Germany, [[Baden-Württemberg]], and [[Bavaria]] – economic, cultural, and touristic contacts with the historical region of [[Swabia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.romaniajournal.ro/ambassador-cord-meier-klodt-german-investors-are-looking-for-new-opportunities-in-romania/|title=Ambassador Cord Meier-Klodt: German investors are looking for new opportunities in Romania|work=The Romania Journal|author=Anca Bernovici|date=25 May 2018|access-date=17 June 2018}}</ref> Furthermore, there is also an academic partnership with the Bukowina Institut of the [[University of Augsburg]] from [[Augsburg]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uni-augsburg.de/de/forschung/einrichtungen/institute/bukowina/das-institut|title=Das Institut|work=Universität Augsburg|access-date=21 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uni-augsburg.de/de/forschung/einrichtungen/institute/bukowina/|title=Bukowina-Institut|work=Universität Augsburg|access-date=21 June 2020}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|DEN}} Denmark – local development partnership with the town of [[Aalborg]], [[North Denmark Region|North Jutland]]
* {{flagicon|ITA}} Italy – local development partnership with the city of [[Naples]], [[Campania]]
* {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom – local development partnership with the city of [[Liverpool]], [[North West England]]
* {{flagicon|FRA}} France – local development partnership with the city of [[Lyon]], [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]]

== Gallery ==
<gallery class="center">
File:The Administrative Palace in Suceava, Bukovina, northeastern Romania in 2020.jpg|The Administrative Palace (as seen in August 2020)
File:The Evangelical Lutheran church in Suceava, Suceava County, Bukovina, northeastern Romania.jpg|The Evangelical Lutheran Church belonging to the German community in the town
File:Ciprian Porumbescu high school in Suceava, Romania.jpg|[[Ciprian Porumbescu]] Art College, former German-language high school for girls ({{langx|de|Mädchen Lyzeum}}) founded in 1904
File:Bukovina History Museum in Suceava, Romania (view by night).jpg|Bukovina History Museum at night
File:Gara Burdujeni.jpg|Burdujeni railway station in wintertime
File:Spitalul vechi din Suceava3.jpg|The Old Hospital
File:Casa Prieteniei.jpg|The Friendship House (with bezirk Schwaben)
File:Imagine aeriană a Palatului de Justiţie (vedere dinspre Aleea Anastasie Crimca).JPG|The Justice Palace in the town centre
File:Palatul de Finante din Suceava8.jpg|The Palace of Finance
File:Suceava_fortress_19.jpg|Downtown Suceava, as seen from the medieval Seat Fortress (December 2005)
File:View on Suceava (Romania) from Fortess.jpg|Downtown Suceava, as seen from the medieval Seat Fortress (August 2009)
File:Piata 22 Decembrie din Suceava3.jpg|During the 1960s, several historical buildings from the town centre were demolished to build the 22 December square in downtown Suceava.
File:Imagine aeriană a Cetății de Scaun a Sucevei.jpg|Aerial view of the Seat Fortress (June 2015)
File:Suczawa twierdza.jpg|The Seat Fortress (August 2009)
File:Suceava_fortress_(by_Pudelek).jpg|Panoramic view of the Seat Fortress of Suceava as seen in August 2016
File:Statuia lui Petru I Mușat din Suceava2.jpg|Statue of Petru Mușat, Prince of Moldavia (between 1375 and 1391)
File:Ștefan cel Mare equestrian statue in Suceava, Romania.jpg|The equestrian statue of Stephen III of Moldavia
File:Hotelul Bucovina din Suceava1.jpg|Hotel Bucovina
File:Bloc Bd. 1 Decembrie 1918 din Suceava.jpg|Apartment blocks on the 1 December 1918 boulevard
File:Bloc Turn Strada Victoriei din Suceava.jpg|Renovated block of flats on Victory street
File:High-rise block of flats in downtown Suceava.jpg|High-rise block of flats in downtown Suceava
File:Armenească Tower in Suceava, Romania.jpg|Armenească Tower, business building
File:Matei Vișniec Municipal Theater.jpg|Matei Vișniec Municipal Theater
File:Centrul de Afaceri Bucovina în Suceava, România.jpg|Bukovina Business Centre
File:Turnul_IFA2.jpg|IFA Tower, the city's tallest structure (with a total height surpassing 200 metres)
</gallery>

== See also ==
* [[Founding of Moldavia]]
* [[List of rulers of Moldavia]] (between the 14th and 19th centuries)
* [[Churches of Moldavia]]
* [[Duchy of Bukovina]]
* [[Germans of Romania]] (including, most notably, [[Bukovina Germans]])

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Suceava}}
{{Wikivoyage|Suceava}}
* [http://www.primariasv.ro Suceava City Hall Official Site]
* [https://suceava.online/ suceava.online]

{{Suceava County}}
{{Cities in Romania}}
{{RoJudCapitals}}{{Castles in Romania}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Suceava| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Romania]]
[[Category:Capitals of Romanian counties]]
[[Category:Place names of Hungarian origin in Romania]]
[[Category:Castles in Romania]]
[[Category:Former capitals of Romania]]
[[Category:Bukovina]]
[[Category:Duchy of Bukovina]]
[[Category:Localities in Southern Bukovina]]
[[Category:Ținutul Suceava]]
[[Category:Populated places in Suceava County]]

Rădăuți

2025-10-14T15:05:02Z

2603:6013:7D40:6E:B088:9388:9C88:A881:

{{for|the former administrative subdivision of Romania|Rădăuți County}}
{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
|type = municipality
|county = Suceava
|official_name = Rădăuți
|image_flag =
|image_shield = ROU SV Radauti CoA.png
|image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 300
| image_style = infobox
| perrow = 1/2/1
| caption_align = center
| image1 = Fosta prefectură și hotel, Rădăuți (2).JPG
| caption1 = Union Square in downtown Rădăuți
| image2 = Polish_20220729_174357087.jpg
| caption2 = The Jewish Temple
| image3 = Mitropolia_Radauti.jpg
| caption3 = The Orthodox Cathedral
| image4 = Polish_20230325_201646550.jpg
| caption4 = Rădăuți Court
}}
|image_caption =
|image_map = Radauti jud Suceava.png
|map_caption = Location in Suceava County
|leader_name = Bogdan Loghin<ref>[https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale09062024/romania/pv-final/ Local election results 2024]</ref>
|leader_party = PNL
|term = 2024–2028
|coordinates = {{coord|47|50|33|N|25|55|9|E|region:RO|display=inline,title}}
|elevation = 374
|elevation_min =
|elevation_max =
|area_total = 32.30
|area_footnotes =
|population_as_of =
|population_total = auto
|population_footnotes =
|postal_code = 725400
|area_code = (+40) 02 30
|website = {{URL|https://primariaradauti.ro/}}
}}

'''Rădăuți''' ({{IPA|ro|rədəˈut͡sʲ}}; {{langx|de|Radautz}}; {{langx|hu|Radóc}}; {{langx|pl|Radowce}}; {{langx|uk|Радівці}}, ''Radivtsi''; {{langx|yi|ראַדעװיץ}} ''Radevits''; {{langx|tr|Radoviçe}}) is a [[municipiu|town]] in [[Suceava County]], north-eastern [[Romania]]. It is situated in the historical region of [[Bukovina]]. According to the [[2021 Romanian census|2021 census]], Rădăuți is the second largest urban settlement in the county. It was declared a municipality in 1995, along with two other cities in Suceava County: [[Fălticeni]] and [[Câmpulung Moldovenesc]]. Rădăuți covers an area of {{convert|32.30|km2|abbr=on}} and it was the capital of former [[Rădăuți County]] (until 1950).

==Administration and local politics==

=== Town council ===

The town's current local council has the following political composition, according to the results of the [[2020 Romanian local elections]]:<ref>{{Cite web|language=ro|url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/data/json/sicpv/pv/pv_vs_final.json|format=Json|title=Rezultatele finale ale alegerilor locale din 2020|publisher=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă|accessdate=2020-11-02}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! style="background:#ccc" |    
! style="background:#ccc" | Party
! style="background:#ccc" | Seats
! style="background:#ccc" colspan="9" | Current Council
|-
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] (PNL)
| style="text-align: right" | '''9'''
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|National Liberal Party (Romania)}}  
|-
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| [[Social Democratic Party (Romania)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD)
| style="text-align: right" | '''7'''
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
| {{party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Romania)}}  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| [[People's Movement Party]] (PMP)
| style="text-align: right" | '''2'''
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
| {{party color cell|People's Movement Party}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
| {{party color cell|Ecologist Party of Romania}}  
| [[Ecologist Party of Romania]] (PER)
| style="text-align: right" | '''1'''
| {{party color cell|Ecologist Party of Romania}}  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|  
|-
|}

==Geography==
Rădăuți is situated in [[Bukovina]], on a plain between the [[Suceava River|Suceava]] and [[Sucevița River|Sucevița]] rivers, {{convert|37|km|mi|abbr=on}} northwest from [[Suceava]], the county capital. The city is located in the depression with the same name, at {{convert|375|m|yd|abbr=off}} altitude. It is one of the oldest settlements in Moldavia, known since the 15th century. The towns of [[Siret]], [[Solca]], [[Milișăuți]], and [[Vicovu de Sus]] are located relatively close to the city, in the Rădăuți urban area of influence.

== Demographics ==

[[File:Radautz 1873 Radauti.jpg|thumb|left|75px|Austrian KK stamp, issue 1873, cancelled at ''Radautz'']]

{{Historical populations
|source = Austrian and Romanian census data and/or official estimates
|1910 |16,535
|1930 |16,788
|1948 |14,530
|1956 |15,949
|1966 |18,580
|1977 |21,869
|1992 |31,074
|2002 |27,633
|2011 |23,822
|2021 |24292
}}

Rădăuți reached its peak population in 1992, when more than 31,000 people were living within the city limits. As of 2016, the town of Rădăuți was the second most populated urban settlement in [[Suceava County]], after the county capital, [[Suceava]].<ref name="INSSER2016">{{cite web|url=http://www.insse.ro/cms/ro/content/popula%C5%A3ia-rom%C3%A2niei-pe-localitati-la-1-ianuarie-2016|title=Populaţia României pe localitati la 1 ianuarie 2016|date=6 June 2016|access-date=27 October 2017|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Romania)|INSSE]]|language=ro|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027131447/http://www.insse.ro/cms/ro/content/popula%C5%A3ia-rom%C3%A2niei-pe-localitati-la-1-ianuarie-2016|archive-date=2017-10-27|url-status=dead}}</ref>

At the 2011 census, Rădăuți had a population of 23,822 inhabitants: 96.97% of inhabitants were [[Romanians|ethnic Romanians]], 0.89% [[Russians]] and [[Lipovans]], 0.88% [[Roma in Romania|Roma]], 0.54% [[Ukrainians]] and 0.23% [[Germans of Romania|Germans]] ([[Bukovina Germans]]). 83.4% were [[Romanian Orthodox]], 9.1% [[Pentecostal Union of Romania|Pentecostal]], 3.1% [[Roman Catholic]], 0.9% stated they belonged to another religion, 0.8% were [[Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic|Greek-Catholic]] and 0.7% each [[Baptist Union of Romania|Baptist]] and [[Lipovan Orthodox Old-Rite Church|Lipovan Orthodox]].

== History ==

[[File:Biserica Sf. Dumitru din Radauti.jpg|thumb|150px|left|The former Evangelical Lutheran church of the German community in Rădăuți]]

The mention of "Radomir's village" (as part of a review of [[boyar]] property in the area) in a 1392 document (''uric'') is generally{{who|date=January 2017}} believed to be the town's first mention, and indication of the origin of the name ''Rădăuți'' (other theories state that the settlement had its origins in earlier periods, and that the name is a [[Slavic languages|Slavic]]-influenced derivative of the [[Latin]] word ''Rottacenum'', as allegedly used by soldiers in the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] garrison in [[Siret]]).<ref>{{cite book | first=Lawrence | last=Winkler | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4n4a29AtT4C&q=Rottacenum&pg=PA378 | title=Between the Cartwheels (Orion's Cartwheels Book 2) | access-date=January 10, 2017 | year=2012 | page=378| isbn=9780991694129 }}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=January 2017}} The oldest mention of Rădăuți as such dates from 1413, in a document issued by Moldavian Prince [[Alexandru cel Bun]].

By the middle of the 14th century, Rădăuți was already a flourishing settlement, the seat of a prominent [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] church during the times of [[Bogdan I of Moldova|Bogdan I]] (1359–1365), and subsequently a [[Diocese|bishopric]]. Around the St. Nicholas church ([[Bogdana Monastery]]), archaeologists have uncovered a [[Archaeological stratigraphy|habitation layer]] preceding Bogdan's period of rule, one which could point to the existence of a local center prior to the [[foundation of Moldavia]].

Awarded the [[Town privileges|privilege]] of organizing [[fair]]s, Rădăuți evolved due to its favorable location midway between the [[Carpathian Mountains]] and the tableland area (with traders from both regions establishing contact in the local market). The fairs at Rădăuți have been dated to the time of [[Stephen III of Moldavia|Stephen the Great]] (a document from 1481; however, since the mention includes details of Stephen's intervention in solving a commercial dispute, it is possible that the fairs were well established by then).

Rădăuți has a cathedral, built in 1402, with the tombs of several Moldavian princes.<ref name=EB1911>{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Radautz |volume=22 |page=783}}</ref> Rădăuți was also the seat of a Greek bishopric, moved to [[Chernivtsi]] in 1786.<ref name=EB1911/>

Rădăuți was one of the largest cities of the Duchy of [[Bukovina]] during the period of [[Habsburg monarchy|Habsburg]] administration (1775–1918). During that time it saw a high level of [[Germans of Romania|German]] (especially [[Swabians|Swabian]]) immigration, which would later form the basis for the [[Bukovina Germans]] in the whole region.

==Jewish history of Rădăuți==
{{main|History of the Jews in Romania}}
[[File:Radauti Holocaust memorial, Holon cemetery, Israel.jpg|thumb|Rădăuți Holocaust memorial, Holon cemetery, Israel]]
A Jewish community was present before the Habsburg takeover, and is attested to have been overseen by a ''[[starost]]''.

Many Jews fleeing the [[Galicia (Central Europe)|Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]] (as well as other Habsburg areas) from intense persecution and [[anti-Semitism]] during the Middle Ages settled in Rădăuți. The community was allowed a degree of self-administration, and witnessed a period of prosperity and cultural effervescence during the 19th century.

It has been argued that the majority of Rădăuți's Jewish population was exterminated during the [[Holocaust]]. However, a Romanian official document from 1946 suggests that most Jews in Rădăuți County survived the Holocaust.<ref>"Situatie Numerica de evreii ucisi sub regimul de dictatura din Romania de la data de 6 decembrie 1940, pana la 23 august 1944, precum si acelor deportati in acelasi interval de timp si nereintorsi la domiciliu", in "Nota Ministerului Afacerilor Interne, Directia Generala a Politiei, Directia Politiei de Siguranta, Sectia Nationalitati Nr. 780-S din 6 Main 1946 Catre M.A.S.", in Ion Calafeteanu, Nicolae Dinu and Teodor Gheorghe, ''Emigrarea Populatiei Evreiesti din Romania in 1940-1944, Culegere de Documente din Arhiva Ministerului Afacerilor Externe al Romaniei'' (Bucuresti, Silex - Casa de Editura, Presa si IMpresariat S.R.L., Bucuresti, 1993), p. 246.</ref> Persecutions became widespread around 1938, when Jews were harassed and attacked by authorities under the [[Octavian Goga]] government; they were confirmed by anti-Semitic legislation passed by the [[Ion Gigurtu]] cabinet, and, in late 1940, exceptionally violent following the establishment of the [[National Legionary State]]. In October 1941, all Jews present in Rădăuți, from the city itself and throughout the county (8,000 people), were deported to ghettos and [[concentration camp]]s in [[Transnistria Governorate]].<ref>Radu Ioanid, ''The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of the Jews and Gypsies Under the Antonescu Regime'' (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000), p. 159.</ref><ref name="JEWISH_RADAUTI">{{cite web | url = http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/pinkas_romania/rom2_00516.html | title = Translation of ''Rădăuți'' chapter from ''Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities in Romania'', Vol. 2 | year = 1980 | access-date = January 29, 2013 | publisher = Yad Vashem, Jerusalim }}</ref> It has been argued that only 4,000 members of the Rădăuți Jewish community survived the Holocaust.<ref>https://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/pinkas_romania/rom2_00516.html</ref> This number did not include the other urban Jewish community in the county (Siret); in 1941, there were originally more than 5,000 Jews in the city of Rădăuți.<ref> The number of Jews in Radauti is from Siegfried Jagendorf, ''Jagendorf's Foundry: A Memoir of the Romanian Holocaust, 1941-1944'', Edited with Commentary by Aron Hirth-Manheimer (New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1991), p. 3.</ref>

==Bogdana Monastery==
The Princely Church at Rădăuți contained the graves of [[Bogdan I]] and his son [[Lațcu]], both [[Voivode]]s/[[Prince]]s of [[Moldavia]], as well as a later ruler, [[Roman I of Moldavia]]. Is the oldest monastery from [[Moldova]] and [[Bucovina]] (1365). Inside the monastery there are 14 tombs (like Bogdan I (1359–1365), Lațcu Voievod (1365–1373), Roman I (1391–1394), Ștefan I (1394–1399), Bogdan, the brother Alexandru cel Bun, Bogdan, son of Alexandru cel Bun and others.

== Twin towns — Sister cities ==

Rădăuți is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://primariaradauti.ro/radauti/orase-infratite/|title=Primăria Rădăuți - Orașe înfrățite (in Romanian)|work=Primăria Rădăuți}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
|
* {{flagicon|DEU}} [[Beilstein, Württemberg|Beilstein]], Germany
* {{flagicon|FRA}} [[Pontault-Combault]], France
* {{flagicon|MDA}} [[Drochia]], Moldova
* {{flagicon|MDA}} [[Briceni]], Moldova
* {{flagicon|POR}} [[Caminha]], Portugal
* {{flagicon|POL}} [[Gliwice]], Poland
* {{flagicon|CYP}} [[Kyrenia]], Cyprus
* {{flagicon|ITA}} [[Ragusa, Sicily|Ragusa]], Italy
|}

==Natives==
* [[Avigdor Arikha]] - Israeli painter
* [[Emil Armin]] - American artist
* [[Alexandru Bodnar]] - athlete
* [[Heinrich Gärtner (cinematographer)|Heinrich Gärtner]] - cinematographer
* [[Emanuil Grigorovitza]] - writer
* [[Karl Klüger]] - Deputy Mayor of [[Cernăuți]]
* [[Irina Lauric]] - sprint canoeist
* Iacov Putneanul - [[Metropolitan of Moldavia and Bukovina|Metropolitan]]
* Saint Bishop Leontie of Rădăuți
* Benedict Menkes - Romanian biologist
* [[Dan Pagis]] - Israeli Hebrew poet and literature researcher
* [[Lothar Rădăceanu]] - journalist, linguist, socialist, and communist politician
* [[Ștefan Rusu]] - Olympic champion in Greco-Roman wrestling
* [[Matei Vișniec]] - Romanian poet and playwright living in France

== Gallery ==

<gallery class=center>
File:Primăria din Rădăuţi.jpg|The Town Hall
File:Fosta prefectură și hotel, Rădăuți (3).JPG|Former prefecture building in Union Square
File:Colegiul Național Eudoxiu Hurmuzachi, Rădăuți.JPG|Eudoxiu Hurmuzachi High School
File:Școala Regina Elisabeta, Rădăuți.JPG|Queen Elizabaeth Elementary School
File:Muzeul de etnografie din Radauti.jpg|The Ethnographic Museum
File:Banca din Rădăuţi.jpg|The Romanian Commercial Bank
File:60-0383-2 radauti.JPG|CFR train passing through the town
File:BogdanI.JPG|Bogdan I Equestrian Statue, by {{ill|Marius Butunoiu|ro}}
File:Manastirea Bogdana.jpg|Bogdana Monastery
File:Biserica Naşterea Sfintei Fecioare Maria din Rădăuţi.jpg|The Roman Catholic Church
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Rădăuți}}
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://primariaradauti.ro/ Rădăuți Town Hall official site]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://www.eradauti.ro/ Rădăuți Online - Unofficial site]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://radauti.info.ro/ Rădăuți Info - Unofficial site]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://cnhurmuzachi.ro/ Eudoxiu Hurmuzachi National High School, Rădăuți]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://www.culturaradauti.ro/ The Cultural Authority of Rădăuți]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://www.bogdana.ro/ Bogdana Monastery official site]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://www.radautiziar.ro/ Gazeta de Monitor - Local newspaper about Rădăuți]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://judetulsuceava.ro/localitati/municipii/radauti/ Suceava County site - Rădăuți web page]
* {{in lang|ro}} [https://archive.today/20130102235326/http://picasaweb.google.com/EdwardTurJ/OldBukowinaPhotosRadautz Photo Gallery - Old photos of Rădăuți]

{{Suceava County}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Radauti}}
[[Category:Rădăuți| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Romania]]
[[Category:Bukovina-German people]]
[[Category:Jewish communities in Romania]]
[[Category:Duchy of Bukovina]]
[[Category:Localities in Southern Bukovina]]
[[Category:Capitals of former Romanian counties]]
[[Category:Ținutul Suceava]]
[[Category:Holocaust locations in Romania]]
[[Category:Populated places in Suceava County]]
[[Category:Polish communities in Romania]]