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<p>2603:6080:5400:600D:283A:39C5:E12C:FD8F: </p> <hr /> <div>{{Short description|Series of armed conflicts}}<br /> {{Reformation|expanded=Political and religious conflicts}}<br /> The '''wars of Kappel''' (''Kappelerkriege'') is a collective term for two armed conflicts fought near [[Kappel am Albis]] between the Catholic and the Protestant cantons of the [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] during the [[Reformation in Switzerland]].<br /> <br /> == First War == <br /> {{Main|First War of Kappel}}<br /> The first conflict saw the establishment of the '''Christian Union''' (formed of cantons [[Lucerne]], [[Canton of Uri|Uri]], [[Schwyz]], [[Unterwalden]], and [[Zug]]) in order to stop the spread of [[Protestantism]] throughout [[Switzerland]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Kappel wars &quot;...Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, and Zug, formed the Christian Union|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Kappel-Wars|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-06-07|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; The union was a rejection of Swiss leader [[Ulrich Zwingli]]'s attempts at forced reformation.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=WHKMLA : First War of Kappel|url=https://www.zum.de/whkmla/military/16cen/kappel1.html|access-date=2020-06-07|website=www.zum.de}}&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> <br /> === Events ===<br /> In 1529, after enlisting the help of the leaders of the forest cantons,&lt;ref&gt;The forest cantons - or &quot;Waldkantone&quot; - refer to the four heavily forested and mountainous cantons at the shore of Lake Lucerne, namely [[Canton of Uri|Uri]], [[Canton of Schwyz|Schwyz]], Unterwalden and [[Canton of Lucerne|Lucerne]]. Lucerne, though quite flat otherwise, has a heavily forested bight at Lake Lucerne; and Unterwalden has later split into [[Obwalden]] and [[Nidwalden]].&lt;/ref&gt; Zwingli attempted to reform the cantons by force. However, the winning diplomacy of the Union forced the Protestants to not cross the border, postponing the conflict until 1531.<br /> <br /> == Second War ==<br /> {{Main|Second War of Kappel}}<br /> The [[canton of Zürich]] was the principal supporter of Zwingli and the movement of Swiss reformation. When they fought the [[Musso War]] against the [[Duchy of Milan]], the member states of the Catholic Union refused to provide aid. Zwingli immediately sanctioned the Catholic cantons.<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> {{Reflist}}<br /> <br /> {{Authority control}}<br /> <br /> [[Category:Wars involving Switzerland|Kappel]]<br /> [[Category:Huldrych Zwingli]]</div>

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