1049

2025-07-22T03:13:19Z

2603:9001:35F0:7670:4C4E:2CD5:7CB5:E1CA: /* Europe */

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
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[[File:Pope Leo IX.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Pope Leo IX]] (1002–1054)]]
Year '''1049''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MXLIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===

==== Byzantine Empire ====
* Spring – [[Pecheneg revolt|Pecheneg Revolt]]: Emperor [[Constantine IX Monomachos|Constantine IX]] decides to transfer 15,000 [[Pechenegs|Pecheneg]] warriors from their positions in the [[Balkans]] to the eastern front. Upon approaching the [[Bosporus]], the Pechenegs decide to turn back, and march through [[Bulgaria (theme)|Bulgaria]], until they reach the [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] city of [[Sofia|Serdia]]. Later, joined by followers, the Pecheneg tribes raise the banner of revolt in [[Thrace (theme)|Thrace]].

==== Europe ====
* [[January 13]] – [[Theodwin of Liège|Theodwin]], [[prince-bishop of Liège]], defeats Count [[Dirk IV, Count of Holland|Dirk IV]] of [[Frisia|West Frisia]] near [[Dordrecht]] and restores imperial authority in the [[Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta|Rhine Delta]].<ref>[[Philibert Schmitz]], "Theoduin", in ''[[Biographie Nationale de Belgique]]'', [http://www.academieroyale.be/Academie/documents/FichierPDFBiographieNationaleTome2072.pdf vol. 24] (Brussels, 1929), 757-758.</ref>
* The [[Republic of Pisa]] successfully completes the conquest of [[Sardinia]], from the [[Al-Andalus|Andalusian]] occupiers.<ref>{{cite book|last=Benvenuti|first=Gino|title=Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia|year=1985|publisher=Newton & Compton Editori|location=Rome|isbn=88-8289-529-7|page=42}}</ref> <sup>[Dubious claim; since Sardinia was already governed by the Giudici by this time]</sup>

==== British Isles ====
* [[History of Ireland (800–1169)|Viking Irish]] raiders ally with King [[Gruffydd ap Rhydderch]] of [[Kingdom of Gwent|Gwent]] in raiding along the [[River Severn]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Barlow | first = Frank| title =The Godwins| publisher = Pearson Education Ltd | year =2002 | page =39 | isbn =0-582-42381-3 }}</ref>

==== Africa ====
* The [[Banu Hilal]], a confederation of [[tribes of Arabia]], begin their invasion in the [[Maghreb]] ([[North Africa]]). They are organized by the Egyptian [[Fatimid Caliphate]] to punish their former [[Zirid dynasty|Zirid]] vassals.

==== Asia ====
* The [[Iron Pagoda]] in [[Kaifeng]] is constructed, during the Chinese [[Song dynasty]].

=== By topic ===

==== Religion ====
* [[February 12]] – Pope [[Pope Leo IX|Leo IX]] succeeds [[Pope Damasus II|Damasus II]], as the 152nd [[pope]] of the [[Catholic Church]]. He goes on a one-year trip to promote the cause of the reformist program among the European [[prelate]]s.
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[October 9]] – [[Seonjong of Goryeo|Seonjong]], king of [[Goryeo]] (d. [[1094]])
* [[Godelieve]], Flemish saint (approximate date)
* [[Hermann II, Count Palatine of Lotharingia|Hermann II]], count palatine of [[Lotharingia]] (d. [[1085]])
* [[John Theristus]], Italian Benedictine [[monk]] (d. [[1129]])
* [[Li Gonglin]], Chinese painter and [[antiquarian]] (d. [[1106]])
* [[Peter de Honestis]], Italian monk (approximate date)
* [[Saw Lu]], king of the [[Pagan Kingdom]] (d. [[1084]])
* [[Rhiryd ap Bleddyn]], king of [[Kingdom of Powys|Powys]] (d. [[1088]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 1]] – [[Odilo of Cluny]], French Benedictine [[abbot]]
* [[January 12]] – [[Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr]], Persian [[Sufism|Sufi]] poet (b. [[967]])
* [[January 13]] – [[Dirk IV, Count of Holland|Dirk IV]], count of [[County of Holland|Friesland west of the Vlie]]
* [[December 1]] – [[Ermesinda of Bigorre]], queen of [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]] (b. [[1015]])
* [[Airlangga]], Indonesian ruler (''[[raja]]'') of [[Kahuripan]]

== References ==
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1049