Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation

2025-10-22T19:36:24Z

2607:FA49:5B3D:E700:30C1:F508:B15D:BB2C: /* Arts and culture */

{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Listuguj
| official_name = Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation
| image_map = Listuguj Quebec location diagram.png
| map_caption = Location within Avignon RCM
| area_code = [[Area code 418|418]]
| area_land_km2 = 44.23
| area_blank1_km2 =
| area_blank1_sq_mi =
| area_blank1_title =
| area_footnotes =
| area_land_sq_mi =
| area_magnitude =
| area_metro_km2 =
| area_metro_sq_mi =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_total_sq_mi =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_urban_sq_mi =
| settlement_type = [[Indian reserve]]
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_sq_mi =
| area_water_percent =
| blank_info_sec1 = {{jct|state=QC|QC|132}}
| blank_info_sec2 = $30,656 [[Canadian dollar|CDN]]
| blank_name_sec1 = Access Routes
| blank_name_sec2 = Median Income*
| image_blank_emblem =
| blank_emblem_type =
| seal_size =
| image_skyline = Listuguj.jpg
| image_caption = Entrance of Listuguj Miꞌgmaq First Nation
| imagesize = 250px
| pushpin_map = Quebec
| coordinates = {{coord|48.013005|-66.705100|region:CA-QC|display=inline,title}}
| government_type = [[Band government|Band]]
| population_total = 2,076
| population_as_of = 2022
| leader_name = Scott Martin<ref>{{cite web |title=Staff - Chief and Council |url=http://listuguj.ca/about-listuguj/staff/#toggle-id-1/ |website=Listuguj Mi'gmaq Government |accessdate=2 July 2019}}</ref>
| leader_title = [[Tribal chief|Chief]]
| leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list
|framestyle=border:none; padding:0;
|title=List of Members
|1=Ali Barnaby |2=Annette Barnaby |3=Chad Gedeon |4=Gordon Issac Jr. |5=Dr. Cathy Martin |6=George Martin |7=Sky Metallic |8=Wendell Metallic |9=Kevin Methot |10=Erwin Molley |11=Alexander Morrison |12=Sheila Swasson }}
| leader_title1 = Councillors
| leader_title2 = [[House of Commons of Canada|MP]]
| leader_name2 = [[Alexis Deschênes]] ([[Bloc Québécois|BQ]])
| leader_title3 = [[National Assembly of Quebec|MNA]]
| leader_name3 = [[Catherine Blouin]] ([[Coalition Avenir Québec|CAQ]])
| leader_title4 =
| population_density_km2 = 46.9
| population_blank1_title =
| population_blank1 =
| population_blank2_title = Dwellings
| population_blank2 = 575
| postal_code_type = [[Postal codes in Canada|Postal Code]]
| postal_code = [[List of G postal codes of Canada|G0C]]
| pushpin_label = Listuguj
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Quebec
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| seat = [[Gaspésie—Les Îles-de-la-Madeleine—Listuguj]]
| seat_type = Electoral Districts    [[List of Canadian federal electoral districts|Federal]]
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of Quebec|Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Regional county municipality|RCM]]
| subdivision_name = {{CAN}}
| subdivision_name1 = {{QC}}
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Avignon Regional County Municipality|Avignon]]
| timezone1 = [[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]
| timezone1_DST = [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]]
| utc_offset = -5
| utc_offset_DST = -4
| website = http://listuguj.ca/
| parts = [[Bonaventure (provincial electoral district)|Bonaventure]]
| parts_type = [[Template:QC-ED|Provincial]]
| footnotes = *Median household income, 2016 (all households)
}}

The '''Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation''' ({{langx|fr|Première Nation de Listuguj Mi'gmaq}}) (in Francis-Smith orthography '''Listukuj Míkmaq''') is a [[Mi'kmaq|Mi'gmaq]] [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] [[band government]] with a registered population (2022) of 4,248 members, most of whom are of Mi'kmaq ancestry.<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=https://www.sac-isc.gc.ca/eng/1634312499368/1634312554965 | title=Indigenous communities in Quebec | date=15 October 2021 }}</ref> The name ''Listuguj'', is the origin for the name of the [[Restigouche River]], as well as other nearby places also carrying the name Restigouche. Listuguj is also used as a name for one of the [[Míkmaq language|Míkmaq]] orthographies. Its southern border is adjacent to [[Pointe-à-la-Croix, Quebec]].

==History==
===Battle of the Restigouche (1760)===
The "[[Battle of Restigouche|Battle of the Restigouche]]", was the last naval battle between the British and the French during the [[Seven Years' War]]. In 1760, after the fall of Quebec, the French hurried to send reinforcements across the Atlantic. 400 troops were sent in merchant ships from Bordeaux. However, when they reached the [[Saint Lawrence River]], the fleet commander discovered that the area was already occupied by a strong British fleet. He decided to sail south to the bottom of the [[Chaleur Bay|Bay of Chaleur]], and established gun batteries on the shore of the [[Restigouche River]], near Listuguj. Eventually, they were spotted by British Captain [[John Byron]], who engaged battle there. The battle opposed 3 French ships and ground batteries and a coalition of Mi'gmaq, French and Acadian irregular troops, against a 70-gun British ship and 2 frigates. The French and their allies lost this battle, ending the hopes of reconquering [[Quebec]].

===1981 Salmon Raid===
On June 11 and 20, 1981, the [[Sûreté du Québec|Quebec Provincial Police]] conducted controversial raids on the reserve to stop the Mi'gmaq from asserting their control over their native fishery. Federal Indian Affairs Minister [[John Munro (Canadian politician)|John Munro]] was among those critical of the manner in which the Quebec government and provincial minister [[Lucien Lessard]] had acted. All convictions resulting from the arrests were eventually overturned.<ref name="Notzke">{{cite book|last=Notzke|first=Claudia|title=Aboriginal Peoples and Natural Resources in Canada|publisher=Captus Press|location=Toronto|year=1994|isbn=1-895712-03-3|page=64|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6VbIJTDlZIoC&dq=Restigouche+police+1981&pg=PA64}}</ref>

The raids and their aftermath were documented by [[Alanis Obomsawin]] in her 1984 film ''[[Incident at Restigouche]]''.<ref name="NFB">{{cite web|url=http://www.nfb.ca/film/incident_at_restigouche|title=Incident at Restigouche|last=Obomsawin|first=Alanis|year=1984|work=NFB.ca|publisher=National Film Board of Canada|accessdate=2009-04-08}}</ref>

==Arts and culture==
The community is depicted in the 2021 documentary series ''[[Gespe'gewa'gi: The Last Land]]''.<ref>Eric Dicaire, [https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/docuseries-mi-kmaw-commercial-fishers-1.5912966 "New docuseries opens a window into the lives of eastern Mi'kmaw fishers"]. [[CBC News]] Montreal, February 14, 2021.</ref>

Artist Marc Rankiel recorded a song named Listuguj as a tribute to its citizens on his album Hairy in 2024.<ref>https://open.spotify.com/album/4GV0zbGQCDxD2Neogc2Y86&ved=2ahUKEwiardbCxriQAxXkzvACHdCsNIAQFnoECBgQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1hD8FQZbsjVUS0d0MhzWU0</ref>

==Government==
Of the members of the Listuguj First Nation, 2,076 persons reside on the federal Indian reserve that was set aside by the legislature of [[Lower Canada]] in 1853, for the exclusive use of the majority of Mi'gmaq in this region.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/FNP/Main/Search/FNMain.aspx?BAND_NUMBER=51&lang=eng|title=First Nation Detail: Listuguj Mi'gmaq Government|website=Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada|date=14 November 2008 |access-date=June 25, 2019}}</ref><ref name="auto"/> The remaining Mi'kmaq live off-reserve in the eastern [[United States]] and across [[Canada]], but stay connected to the community through modern communications and travel to Listuguj for annual events such as the salmon harvest in June, St. Ann's Day in July, or the traditional powwow in August. All community members, regardless of residence, participate in democratic elections held every two years to elect one Chief and twelve Councillors in accordance with Canada's [[Indian Act (Canada)|Indian Act]] Election Regulations, however only community members with residence in Listuguj could participate in the Ratification Vote for the Settlement Agreement which took place on December 13, 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://listuguj.ca/listuguj-canada-settlement-agreement-summary-events/|title=Listuguj Canada Settlement Agreement - Summary of Events|first=Mike|last=Isaac|date=May 7, 2015}}</ref> The community is also allied to other Mi'gmaq communities in the [[Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine|Gaspé]] region of [[Quebec]] and in northern [[New Brunswick]]. Together, their elected Chiefs advance ancestral claims to self-government and to the traditional territory called ''Gespe'gewa'gi'' ('''Kespékewáki''), the last land.

Gespe'gewa'gi is the Mi'gmaq Nation District that extends from the Miramichi River to the tip of the Gaspé Peninsula, a land area that straddles the modern day [[Quebec]]/[[New Brunswick]] border. The First Nation is a strong advocate of [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada]], and Aboriginal and treaty rights. Its main resource is the [[Atlantic salmon]] and other fruits of the waters and forests, including modern harvest of timber. Political representatives of the Mi'gmaq of Listuguj and the greater district of Gespe'gewa'gi continue talks with the [[Government of Quebec]] over access to traditional lands.

==See also==
* [[List of anglophone communities in Quebec]]

==References==
<references/>
*[https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-resolution/292?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22REINS+Act%22%5D%7D&s=1&r=98 H.Res.292 - 116th Congress (2019-2020): Celebrating the heritage of Romani Americans.]

==External links==
* [http://www.listuguj.ca/ Home]
*[https://naturalresources.house.gov/subcommittees/subcommittee-for-indigenous-peoples-of-the-united-states ]
*[https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-08/documents/ditca.pdf ]
* [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/ Mi'gmaq/Mi'kmaq Online Talking Dictionary]
* [https://archive.today/20130809225607/http://www.migmaqnation.com/ ]
* [http://www.migmaqresource.org Gespe'gewaq Mi'gmaq Resource Council]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051109161440/http://sdiprod2.inac.gc.ca/fnprofiles/FNProfiles_DETAILS.asp?BAND_NUMBER=51 Government of Canada's Department of Indian and Northern Affairs First Nation profile]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070930055731/http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0006793 Canadian Encyclopedia entry: Listuguj]

{{Geographic location
| Centre = Listuguj
| North = [[Pointe-à-la-Croix, Quebec|Pointe-à-la-Croix]]
| Northeast =
| East = [[Pointe-à-la-Croix, Quebec|Pointe-à-la-Croix]]
| Southeast = ''[[Restigouche River]]'' [[Campbellton, New Brunswick]]
| South = ''[[Restigouche River]]'' [[Atholville, New Brunswick]]
| Southwest =
| West = [[Pointe-à-la-Croix, Quebec|Pointe-à-la-Croix]] [[Ristigouche-Sud-Est, Quebec|Ristigouche-Sud-Est]]
| Northwest =
}}
{{Mi'kmaq}}
{{First Nations in Quebec}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Communities in Gaspésie–Îles-de-la-Madeleine]]
[[Category:First Nations governments in Quebec]]
[[Category:Mi'kmaq governments]]
[[Category:Algonquian ethnonyms]]
[[Category:Listuguj Miꞌgmaq First Nation| ]]

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Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation