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Luanda Province

2025-07-30T16:27:00Z

2607:FEA8:C280:8200:6A50:D3FC:EA44:58B4:

{{Short description|Province of Angola}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Luanda
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = 
| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Angola|Province]]
| image_skyline =
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| image_map = Luanda in Angola (2024).svg
| mapsize =
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| map_caption =
| image_map1 =
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| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Angola]]
| subdivision_type1 =
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| established_title =
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| seat_type = [[Capital (political)|Capital]]
| seat = [[Luanda]]
| government_footnotes =
| government_type =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = Luis Manuel da Fonseca Nunes
| leader_title1 = Vice-Governor for the Economic Sector
| leader_name1 = Jorge Miguens Augusto
| leader_title2 = Vice-Governor for Technical Services and Infrastructures
| leader_name2 = Calunga Francisco Zage Quissanga
| leader_title3 = Vice-Governor for the Political and Social Sector
| leader_name3 = Manuel Antonio Goncalves
| total_type =
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| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022)
| blank_info_sec1 =
| iso_code = AO-LUA
| website = {{URL|www.luanda.gov.ao}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Luanda''' is a [[Provinces of Angola|province]] of [[Angola]]. It used to cover an area of 18,835 km2, and had a population of 6,945,386 at the Census of 16 May 2014.

The city of [[Luanda]] is the capital of the province and Angola. It serves as the country's primary port, cultural and urban centre and occupies 44.8 square miles.<ref>{{cite web |last1=World's Capital Cities |title=Capital Facts for Luanda, Angola |url=https://www.worldscapitalcities.com/capital-facts-for-luanda-angola/ |website=worldscapitalcities.com |access-date=23 April 2019}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Luanda in Angola (before 2011).svg|250px|thumb|Luanda Province until 2011]]
[[File:Luanda in Angola.svg|250px|thumb|Luanda Province until 2024]]
The original prewar Luanda Province grew in size during the 20th century due to the urbanization of Angola. It was divided into the provinces of Luanda and [[Bengo Province|Bengo]] in 1980.<ref name="Law_29-11"/><ref name="h"/>

The new reform of 2011 moved the municipalities Icolo e Bengo and Quiçama from Bengo to Luanda Province, so as the province has 3 neighboring ones instead of being surrounded by Bengo. This administrative reform significantly increased the land area of Luanda Province. It formerly had an area of {{convert|2417|km2|mi2}} and a reported population of 6,542,942 in 2014, before accounting for reorganization<ref name="ine.gov.ao">http://citypopulation.de/php/angola-admin.php via Instituto Nacional de Estatístiica, República de Angola (web)</ref> In 2024, the province was reduced again.

==Governors==
Governors of the Luanda Province have included: Francisca Espírito Santo (c. 2009–2010),<ref>{{cite web |work=Governo Provincial de Luanda |title= Perfil do Governador |language=pt |url=http://www.luanda.gov.ao/Institucional.aspx?op=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804105229/http://www.luanda.gov.ao/Institucional.aspx?op=4 |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 4, 2010 |publisher=Governo da República de Angola }}</ref> Jose Maria dos Santos (c. 2011–2013), and Graciano Francisco Domingos (c. 2014).{{citation needed|date=October 2014}}

==Administration==
The province has created the [[Instituto de Planeamento e Gestão Urbana de Luanda]] (IPGUL, Institute for urban planning and management of Luanda) as an independent organ for urban planning of the province.<ref name="IPGUL_ipgul-info"/>

==Municipalities==
{{Update|section|date=January 2025}}
The province of Luanda contains seven [[municipalities of Angola|municipalities]] ({{langx|pt|municípios}}):

{| class="sortable wikitable"
|-
! Name || Area in km2 || Population Census 2014 ||Population Estimate 2019<ref name="ReferenceA">Instituto Nacional de Estatístiica, República de Angola.</ref>
|-
| [[Belas, Luanda|Belas]] ||align="right"|1,046||align="right"|1,071,046||align="right"|1,271,854
|-
| [[Cacuaco]] ||align="right"|312||align="right"|1,077,438||align="right"|1,279,488
|-
| [[Cazenga]] ||align="right"|37||align="right"|880,639||align="right"|1,045,722
|-
| [[Ícolo e Bengo]] ||align="right"|3,059||align="right"|110,428||align="right"|131,268
|-
| [[Luanda Municipality|Luanda]] ||align="right"|116||align="right"|2,165,867||align="right"|2,571,861
|-
| [[Quiçama]] ||align="right"|13,900||align="right"|39,373||align="right"|46,808
|-
| [[Viana, Luanda|Viana]] ||align="right"|693||align="right"|1,600,594||align="right"|1,900,688
|}

In 2011 Luanda Province was subdivided into seven municipalities, namely, [[Luanda Municipality|Luanda]], [[Belas, Luanda, Angola|Belas]], [[Cacuaco]], [[Cazenga]], [[Icolo e Bengo]], [[Quiçama]] and [[Viana, Luanda|Viana]].<ref name="i"/><ref name="Law_29-11"/> In November 2016, another two municipalities were added, [[Talatona]] and [[Kilamba-Kiaxi]] respectively, giving the province 9 municipalities, 41 urban districts, and 14 communes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.redeangola.info/luanda-volta-a-ter-9-municipios/|title = Luanda passa a ter nove municípios|date = 29 November 2016}}</ref> In 2025, both the province and the municipalities' limits were reformed.

==Communes==
{{Update|section|date=January 2025}}
The province of Luanda contains the following [[communes of Angola|communes]] ({{langx|pt|comunas}}); sorted by their respective municipalities:

* Belas Municipality: – [[Barra do Cuanza]], [[Kilamba|Quilamba]] (Kilamba); [[Benfica e Mussulo]], [[Ramiros]]
* Cacuaco Municipality: – [[Cacuaco]], [[Funda, Angola|Funda]], [[Kicolo|Quicolo]] (Kikolo)
* Cazenga Municipality: – [[Cazenga]], [[Hoji Ya Henda]], [[Tala Hady]]; Cazenga Popular, Distrito Industrial
* Ícolo e Bengo Municipality: – [[Bom Jesus, Ícolo e Bengo|Bom Jesus do Cuanza]], [[Cabiri, Ícolo e Bengo|Cabiri]] (Kabiri), [[Caculo Cahango]], [[Calomboloca]] (seat: [[Cassoneca]]), [[Catete, Icolo e Bengo|Catete]]
* Luanda Municipality: – [[Angola Quiluanje]], [[Ingombota]], [[Maianga]], [[Rangel, Luanda|Rangel]], [[Samba, Luanda|Samba]], [[Sambizanga]]
* Quiçama Municipality: – [[Cabo Ledo]], [[Demba Chio]], [[Mumbondo]], [[Muxima]], [[Quixinge, Angola|Quixinje]] (Kixinje)
* Viana Municipality: – [[Calumbo]], [[Viana, Luanda|Viana]], [[Zango, Viana|Zango]], Mbaia
* Kilamba-Kiaxi Municipality: – [[Quilamba Quiaxi|Quilamba-Quiaxi]] (Kilamba-Kiaxi); [[Golfe, Luanda|Golfe]], [[Palanca, Luanda|Palanca]], [[Sapú]], [[Vila Estoril]]
* Talatona Municipality: – [[Benfica, Luanda|Benfica]], [[Talatona]]; [[Camama]], [[Futungo de Belas]], [[Quificas]]

==List of governors of Luanda==

{| class="wikitable sortable
|-
! Name !! Years in office
|-
| Pedro Fortunato Luís Manuel || 1976–1977
|-
| [[Afonso Van-Dunem]] ''Mbinda'' || 1977–1978
|-
| [[Uanhenga Xitu|Agostinho André Mendes de Carvalho]] || 1979–1980
|-
| [[Francisco Romão|Francisco Romão de Oliveira e Silva]] || 1980–1981
|-
| Evaristo Domingos ''Kimba'' || 1981–1983
|-
| Mariano da Costa Garcia de Puku || 1983–1986
|-
| Cristovão Francisco da Cunha || 1986–1988
|-
| Luís Gonzaga Wawuty || 1988–1991
|-
| [[Kundi Paihama]] || 1991–1993
|-
| Rui Óscar de Carvalho || 1993–1994
|-
| Justino José Fernandes || 1994–1997
|-
| [[José Aníbal Lopes Rocha]] || 1997–2002
|-
| Simão Mateus Paulo || 2002–2004
|-
| Job Pedro Castelo Capapinha || 2004–2008
|-
| Francisca do Espírito Santos || 2008–2010
|-
| José Maria Ferraz dos Santos || 2010–2011
|-
| Bento Joaquim Sebastião Francisco Bento || 2012–2014
|-
| Graciano Francisco Domingos || 2015–2016
|-
| [[Higino Carneiro|Francisco Higino Lopes Carneiro]] || 2016–2017
|-
| Adriano Mendes de Carvalho || 2017–2019
|-
| Sérgio Luther Rescova Joaquim || 2019–2020
|-
| [[Joana Lina]] || 2020-2021
|-
|Ana Paula de Carvalho || 2021-2022
|-
|[[Manuel Homem]]
|2022-present
|}
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.luanda.gov.ao/Institucionais/Historico.aspx |title=Histórico dos Governadores |publisher=luanda.gov.ao |access-date=6 Mar 2019 |language=pt}}</ref>

{{small|Up to 1991, the official name was Provincial Commissioner}}

==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="h">{{cite book | last = Broadhead | first = Susan | title = Historical dictionary of Angola | publisher = Scarecrow Press | location = Metuchen, N.J | year = 1992 | isbn = 0585070091 | page = 119}}</ref>

<ref name="i">{{cite web|title=Luanda|url=http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=1461|publisher=Info-Angola|access-date=26 December 2013|location=Luanda, Angola|language=pt|year=2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106190239/http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=1461|archive-date=6 November 2013}}</ref>

<ref name="IPGUL_ipgul-info">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ipgul.org/ipgul/ipgul-info |title=Informação sobre o IPGUL |language=pt |trans-title=Information about the IGPUL |access-date=20 March 2012}}</ref>

<ref name="Law_29-11">{{Cite web |url=http://www.info-angola.ao/attachments/article/3442/Lei%20n_29-11,_de_1_de_Setembro.docx.pdf |title=Lei n.º 29/11 de 1 de Setembro - Alteração da Divisão Político-Administrativa das províncias de Luanda e Bengo |language=pt |trans-title=Law to change the politico-administrative divisions of Luanda and Bengo provinces |author=National Assembly of Angola |date=27 July 2011 |publisher=IPGUL 'Noticias' |access-date=20 March 2012}} While the law had been voted on July 27, 2011, its effective date is 60 days after publication in the Official Journal, which happened on September 1, 2011.</ref>


}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Luanda Province}}
* [http://www.luanda.gov.ao/ Official Governor of Luanda Province website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070516074521/http://www.gpl.gv.ao/ Alternate official Luanda Province government website]—{{in lang|pt}}
* [http://ao.geoview.info/luanda_province,2240444 Geoview.info: Luanda Province geography info]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120122125439/http://www.mat.gv.ao/portalmat/default.aspx?s=50 Angolan ministry for territorial administration: Luanda Province]
* [http://www.ipgul.org/ipgul/divisao-politico-administrativa IPGUL.org: Administrative map of Luanda Province] with mapping those to old divisions
** [http://www.ipgul.org IPGUL.org website]
* [http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20081022131423/http%3A//www.cidadeluanda.com/ Official City of Luanda website]—{{in lang|pt}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131106190239/http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=18&Itemid=1461 ''Info Angola.ao: Luanda Province information'']

{{Luanda Province}}
{{Provinces of Angola}}
{{coord|8.983|S|13.283|E|display=title|source:eswiki}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Luanda Province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Angola]]

Huíla Province

2025-07-30T16:17:59Z

2607:FEA8:C280:8200:6A50:D3FC:EA44:58B4:

{{Short description|Province of Angola}}
{{Infobox settlement


|name = Huíla
|other_name =
|native_name = 
|nickname =
|settlement_type = [[Provinces of Angola|Province]]
|motto =
|image_skyline = Lubango-Namibe landscape.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = [[Serra da Leba]], a [[mountain range]] in Huíla Province
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
|seal_size =
|image_shield =
|shield_size =
|image_map = Huila in Angola.svg
|mapsize =
|map_caption = Map of Huíla Province in Angola
|pushpin_map =
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|coordinates =
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Angola}}
|subdivision_type1 = Capital
|subdivision_name1 = [[Lubango]]
|subdivision_type2 =
|subdivision_name2 =
|subdivision_type3 =
|subdivision_name3 =
|
|government_footnotes =
|government_type =
|leader_title = Governor
|leader_name = Nuno Bernabe Mahapi Dala
|leader_title1 = Vice-Governor for the Political, Economic and Social Sector
|leader_name1 = Maria João Francisco Chipalavela
|leader_title2 = Vice-Governor for Technical Services and Infrastructures
|leader_name2 = Helio Delize Neto de Almeida
|established_title = 
|established_date =

|area_magnitude =
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 = 79023
|area_land_km2 = 

|population_as_of =2014 census
|population_footnotes = <ref name =Censo2014>{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |title=Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação - 2014 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola |df=dmy |archive-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214215245/https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|population_note =
|population_total =2,497,422
|population_density_km2 =auto
|population_density_sq_mi =
|population_metro =
|population_density_metro_km2 =
|population_density_metro_sq_mi =
|population_blank1_title =Ethnicities
|population_blank1 =
|population_density_blank1_km2 =
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =

|timezone =[[West Africa Time|WAT]]
|utc_offset = +1
|timezone_DST =
|utc_offset_DST =
|elevation_footnotes = 
|elevation_m =
|elevation_ft =

|postal_code_type = 
|postal_code =
|area_code = 035
|blank_name =
|blank_info =
|blank1_name =
|blank1_info =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2018)
| blank_info_sec1 = 0.508<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2020-02-27}}</ref> {{color|#900|low}} · [[List of provinces of Angola by Human Development Index|15th]]
|iso_code = AO-HUI
|website = {{URL|www.huila.gov.ao}}
|footnotes =
}}
'''Huíla''' is a [[Provinces of Angola|province]] of [[Angola]]. It has an area of {{convert|79,023|km2|mi2}} and a population of 2,497,422 (2014 census). [[Lubango]] is the capital of the province. Basket-making is a significant industry in the province; many make baskets out of reeds.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sheehan|first1=Sean|last2=Yong|first2=Jui Lin|title=Angola|url=https://archive.org/details/angola0000shee|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-4845-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/angola0000shee/page/104 104]}}</ref>

==History==
From the [[Portuguese Colonial War]] (1961–1975) to Angola's independence, and the [[Angolan Civil War|subsequent civil war]] in Angola (1975-2002) Huíla was directly affected only during relatively short periods of time. [[Cassinga]] was abandoned by its European supervisors, and the mine fell into neglect during the ensuing Angolan Civil War. The following year it was occupied by the [[People's Liberation Army of Namibia]] (PLAN), military wing of the [[South West African People's Organization]].<ref name="Chesterman2001">{{cite book|last=Chesterman|first=Simon|title=Civilians in War|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CyXl4IMF9TsC&pg=PA26|date=1 January 2001|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|isbn=978-1-55587-965-5|page=26}}</ref> PLAN subsequently adopted Cassinga as a staging point for insurgent raids on [[South-West Africa]], about 250 kilometres to the south. Their bases soon became a sanctuary for local refugees during the [[Namibian War of Independence]].

In 1978, PLAN's presence in Cassinga attracted the attention of the [[South African Defence Force]]. [[Operation Reindeer]] saw paratroops of the [[44 Parachute Regiment]] supported by bomber and strike aircraft launch an [[Battle of Cassinga|air assault]] on 4 May. The six-hour assault claimed approximately 600 lives,<ref name="Chesterman2001"/> including four SADF soldiers, sixty Cuban soldiers{{citation needed|date=May 2016}} and over five hundred PLAN combatants and South West African exiles. Cassinga was the site of more fighting during ''[[Operation Askari]]'', in December 1983.<ref name="Weigert2011">{{cite book|last=Weigert|first=Stephen L.|title=Angola: A Modern Military History, 1961-2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LdzJAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA79|date=25 October 2011|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0-230-33783-1|page=79}}</ref>

The post-colonial development in Angola has seen the establishment of two universities in [[Lubango]] (the state Universidade Mandume,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.angolaformativa.com/pt/centros/universidade-mandume-ya-ndemufay/ |title=Universidade Mandume|date=9 January 2013 |publisher=Angolaformativa.com|access-date=20 September 2014}}</ref> named after a leader of the [[Ovambo people|Ovambo]] in the fight against the occupation by the Portuguese, as well as a campus of the Universidade Privada de Angola. Tourism is emerging, largely involving white entrepreneurs from Namibia, which the provincial government is actively seeking to attract.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?archive_id=82253&page_type=archive_story_detail&page=2452|title=Angola's Huila Province wants local investors|publisher=Namibian.com|date=8 July 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012100931/http://www.namibian.com.na/indexx.php?archive_id=82253&page_type=archive_story_detail&page=2452|archive-date=12 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Geography==
Huíla Province is traversed by the northwesterly line of equal longitude and latitude. The province is bordered on the west by the provinces of [[Namibe Province|Namibe]] and [[Benguela Province|Benguela]], to the north by [[Bié Province|Bié]] and [[Cuando Cubango Province|Cuando Cubango]], and to the south by the province of [[Cunene Province|Cunene]].<ref name="m"/> The winding road known as [[Leba Hill]], as well as [[Bicauri National Park]] are in Huíla Province. Bicauri National Park was established in 1964 and covers an area of 790 km2.

==Municipalities==
The province of Huíla contains fourteen [[municipalities of Angola|municipalities]] ({{langx|pt|municípios}}):

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:100%;"
! Name of Town or City !! Land Area !! style="text-align:left;"|Estimated Population July 2018 !! style="text-align:left;"|Population Density
|-
| [[Caconda]] || {{convert|4715|km2|mi2}} || 189,450 || 40.1
|-
| [[Cacula]] || {{convert|3449|km2|mi2}} || 154,624 || 44.8
|-
| [[Caluquembe]] || {{convert|3075|km2|mi2}} || 203,128 || 66.1
|-
| [[Chibia]] || {{convert|5180|km2|mi2}} || 215,219 || 41.5
|-
| [[Chicomba]] || {{convert|4203|km2|mi2}} || 148,795 || 35.4
|-
| [[Chipindo]] || {{convert|3898|km2|mi2}} || 73,056 || 18.7
|-
| [[Gambos|Chiange]] (Gambos) || {{convert|8150|km2|mi2}} || 89,684 || 11.0
|-
| [[Humpata]] || {{convert|1261|km2|mi2}} || 100,634 || 79.8
|-
| [[Jamba, Huíla|Jamba]] || {{convert|11110|km2|mi2}} || 118,633 || 10.7
|-
| [[Kuvango]] || {{convert|9680|km2|mi2}} || 88,670 || 9.2
|-
| [[Lubango]] || {{convert|3140|km2|mi2}} || 876,339 || 279.1
|-
| [[Matala, Angola|Matala]] || {{convert|9065|km2|mi2}} || 296,618 || 32.7
|-
| [[Quilengues]] || {{convert|4464|km2|mi2}} || 85,040 || 19.1
|-
| [[Quipungo]] || {{convert|7633|km2|mi2}} || 179,363 || 23.5
|-
|}

<ref name="m"/><ref name="prov"/>

==Communes==
The province of Huíla contains the following [[communes of Angola|communes]] ({{langx|pt|comunas}}); sorted by their respective municipalities:

* Caconda Municipality: – [[Caconda]], [[Cusse]], [[Gungui|Gungue]] (Gungui), [[Uaba]] (Waba)
* Cacula Municipality: – [[Cacula]], [[Tchiquaqueia|Chicuaqueia]] (Tchiquaqueia), [[Chituto]] (Tchituto), [[Viti Vivale|Viti Vivali]] (Viti Vivale)
* Caluquembe Municipality: – [[Calepi|Calépi]] (Kalépi), [[Caluquembe]] (Kalukembe), [[N'gola]]
* Chibia Municipality: – [[Capunda Cavilongo|Capunda-Cavilongo]], [[Chibia]], [[Jau, Angola|Jau]], [[Quihita]]
* Chicomba Municipality: – [[Chicomba]], [[Cutenda]] (Kutenda); [[Libongue]], [[Quê]]
* Chipindo Municipality: – [[Bambi, Angola|Bambi]], [[Chipindo]]; [[Bunjei]]
* Gambos Municipality: – [[Chiange]], [[Chimbemba, Angola|Chibemba]] (Chimbemba)
* Humpata Municipality: – [[Humpata]]; [[Bata-Bata]], [[Kaholo|Caholo]] (Kaholo), [[Neves, Angola|Neves]], [[Palanca, Huíla|Palanca]]
* Jamba Municipality: – [[Cassinga]], [[Dongo, Huíla|Dongo]], [[Jamba, Huíla|Jamba]]
* Kuvango Municipality: – [[Galangue]], [[Kuvango]] (Cuvango), [[Vicungo]]
* Lubango Municipality: – [[Arimba]], [[Hoque, Angola|Hoque]] (Degola), [[Huíla (commune)|Huíla]], [[Lubango]], [[Quilemba]]
* Matala Municipality: – [[Capelongo]], [[Matala, Angola|Matala]], [[Mulondo, Angola|Mulondo]]; [[Micosse]]
* Quilengues Municipality: – [[Dinde]], [[Impulo]], [[Quilengues]]
* Quipungo Municipality: – [[Quipungo]]; [[Cainda]], [[Hombo]] (Ombo), [[Tchiconco|Thicongo]], [[Chicungo|Thicungo]]

==Sports==
*Estádio de Militar Huíla, a multi-use [[stadium]] in Huila

==Demographics==
[[File:Lubango.jpg|thumb|[[Lubango]]]]
As of 2013, the province had a population of 2,609,486 people. The original inhabitants of the area were [[Khoisan]], but only a few residual groups remain today, ousted from pastoral land by other groups. In some areas they represent under 2% of the population.<ref name="StateAffairs2005">{{cite book|title=Country reports on human rights practices: report submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives and Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate by the Department of State in accordance with sections 116(d) and 502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UCE2AAAAIAAJ|year=2005|publisher=U.S. G.P.O.|page=12}}</ref> Most pastoral farmers in the province are known Nyaneka-Khumbi, but do not form a whole ethnic group.<ref name="Morais1974">{{cite book|last=Morais|first=Júlio Artur de|title=Contribution à l'étude des écosystèmes pastoraux: les Vakuvals du Chingo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s3KPZwEACAAJ|year=1974|language=fr}}</ref> A significant ethnic group in the province is the [[Mwila]], who originally inhabited the plateau areas.<ref name="Estermann1978">{{cite book|last=Estermann|first=Carlos|title=The Ethnography of Southwestern Angola: The Nyaneka-Nkumbi Ethnic Group|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_uSAAAAAMAAJ|date=1 June 1978|publisher=Africana Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-8419-0205-3|page=13}}</ref>

Favored by the relatively mild climate, there was a relatively strong colonization by Portuguese immigrants who sometimes mixed with the local population. This led to expansion and diversification of agriculture at the same time, but also to a growth of cities and towns. However, the influx of IDPs in the thousands during the war severely affected the province.<ref name="ParsonsPorto2013">{{cite book|last1=Parsons|first1=Ms Imogen|last2=Porto|first2=Dr João Gomes|last3=Alden|first3=Dr Chris|title=From Soldiers to Citizens: Demilitarization of Conflict and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WF-OzwabENoC&pg=PA50|date=28 March 2013|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-1-4094-9854-4|page=50}}</ref>
During the war, a considerable number of [[Ovimbundu]] fled to the highlands of the province of Huíla. In some areas they now represent some 37% of the population, with the largest concentration in the central highlands.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sheehan|first1=Sean|last2=Yong|first2=Jui Lin|title=Angola|url=https://archive.org/details/angola0000shee|url-access=registration|year=2010|publisher=Marshall Cavendish|isbn=978-0-7614-4845-7|page=[https://archive.org/details/angola0000shee/page/70 70]}}</ref> There is now also a much smaller number of [[Bakongo]] who had been assimilated from the Congo, and some settled in the province upon their return. The [[Herero people|Heroro]] represent about 0.5% of the population.<ref name="Oyebade2007">{{cite book|last=Oyebade|first=Adebayo|title=Culture and Customs of Angola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3i10eQQLU8QC&pg=PA7|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33147-3|page=7}}</ref>

==List of governors of Huila==

{| class="wikitable sortable
|-
! Name !! Years in office
|-
| Emílio Braz || data-sort-value="02"|1975–1976
|-
| Belarmino Sabugosa Van-Dúnem || data-sort-value="03"|1976–1978
|-
| Nazário Vital || data-sort-value="02"|1978–1979
|-
| [[Major (rank)|Maj.]] Miguel João Luís ''Ivady'' || data-sort-value="03"|1979–1981
|-
| Mariano da Costa Garcia ''Puku'' || data-sort-value="03"|1981–1983
|-
| Rafael Sapilinha Sambalanga || data-sort-value="04"|1983–1986
|-
| [[Lopo do Nascimento|Lopo Fortunato Ferreira do Nascimento]] || data-sort-value="05"|1986–1990
|-
| Dumilde das Chagas Simões Rangel || data-sort-value="06"|1990–1995
|-
| [[Kundi Paihama]] || data-sort-value="05"|1995–1999
|-
| Francisco José Ramos da Cruz || data-sort-value="10"|1999–2008
|-
| Isaac Francisco Maria dos Anjos || data-sort-value="05"|2008–2012
|-
| João Marcelino Tyipinge || data-sort-value="06"|2012–2018
|-
| Luís da Fonseca Nunes || data-sort-value="02"|2018–2021
|-
|Nuno Bernabé Mahapi Dala
|2021–
|}
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.huila.gov.ao/Institucionais/Historico.aspx |title=Histórico dos Governadores |publisher=huila.gov.ao |access-date=5 Mar 2019 |language=pt}}</ref>

{{small|Up to 1991, the official name was Provincial Commissioner}}

==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="m">{{cite web |title= Provincia da Huíla |url= http://www.mat.gv.ao/portalmat/default.aspx? |publisher= República de Angola, Ministério da Administração de Território |access-date= 2 December 2013 |language= pt |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131203004302/http://www.mat.gv.ao/portalmat/default.aspx |archive-date= 3 December 2013 |url-status= dead }}</ref>

<ref name="prov">{{cite web|title=Perfil da Província|url=http://www.huila.gov.ao/InformacoesProvinciais.aspx?tipo=Perfil|publisher=Governo Provincial da Huila|access-date=27 November 2013|language=pt|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924031750/http://www.huila.gov.ao/InformacoesProvinciais.aspx?tipo=Perfil|url-status=dead}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Huila Province}}
* [http://www.huila.gov.ao/ Official website of province governor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120122053732/http://www.huila.gov.ao/ |date=2012-01-22 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120122120133/http://www.mat.gv.ao/portalmat/default.aspx?s=49 Information on this province at the Angolan ministry for territorial administration]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110405153400/http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=15&Itemid=1360 Information on this province at ''Info Angola'']
* [http://ao.geoview.info/huila_province,3348303 Province geographical info at geoview.info]

{{Provinces of Angola}}
{{Municipalities of Angola}}
{{Huíla Province}}

{{coord|14|15|S|14|50|E|source:cawiki_region:AO_scale:10000000|display=title}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Huila Province}}
[[Category:Huíla Province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Angola]]

Cunene Province

2025-07-30T16:12:06Z

2607:FEA8:C280:8200:6A50:D3FC:EA44:58B4:

Cuanza Sul Province

2025-07-30T16:09:34Z

2607:FEA8:C280:8200:6A50:D3FC:EA44:58B4:

{{Short description|Province of Angola}}
{{Infobox settlement

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| seat = [[Sumbe]]
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| leader_title = Governor
| leader_name = Narciso Damasio dos Santos Benedito
| leader_title1 = Vice-Governor for the Political, Economic and Social Sector
| leader_name1 = Emilia Cambundo Tchinawalile Antonio Salles Camuhoto
| leader_title2 = Vice-Governor for Technical Services and Infrastructures
| leader_name2 = Heitor Dario de Jose Henriques Alfredo
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| website = {{URL|www.kwanzasul.gov.ao}}
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}}

'''Cuanza Sul Province''' ("South [[Cuanza River|Cuanza]]"; [[Umbundu]]: Kwanza Kombuelo Volupale) is a [[Provinces of Angola|province of Angola]]. It has an area of {{convert|55,660|km2}} and a population of 1,881,873.<ref>[http://aiangola.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Publicação-Resultados-Definitivos-Censo-Geral-2014_Versão-22032016_DEFINITIVA-18H17.pdf 2014 Population census (INE Angola) - page 89] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506013702/http://aiangola.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Publica%C3%A7%C3%A3o-Resultados-Definitivos-Censo-Geral-2014_Vers%C3%A3o-22032016_DEFINITIVA-18H17.pdf |date=2016-05-06 }}</ref> [[Sumbe]] is the capital of the province. Dom {{Interlanguage link multi|Francisco Inocêncio de Sousa Coutinho|pt}} founded the province in 1769 as Novo Redondo ("New [[Redondo, Portugal|Redondo]]").

==History==
The province was badly affected during the [[Angolan Civil War]] (1975–2002). A large number of civilians were killed in the clashes between [[UNITA|National Union for the Total Independence of Angola]] (UNITA) and [[Angolan Armed Forces]] (FAA). Coffee plantations and fields were destroyed. Frequent attacks forced people to leave their municipalities. UNITA had opened its central front in the province.{{sfn|Central Intelligence Agency|1990|p=29}}{{sfn|Weigert|2011|p=153}} Around 116,000 displaced people were living in camps. The majority of them were from the rural areas and the densely populated plateau regions.{{sfn|Int'l Business|2014|p=23}} On 17 December 2000, the UNITA combatants killed 31 FAA soldiers and looted vehicles, arms and about 20,000 litres of diesel in [[Quibala]].{{sfn|Weigert|2011|p=158}} In April 2001 they attacked FAA outposts and captured firearms.{{sfn|Weigert|2011|p=161}}

[[Landmines]] laid during the civil war are still present and contracts to clear them were given to different organisations.{{sfn|Vines|1997|p=54}} They are still present in several areas.{{sfn|Stead|Rorison|2013|p=77}} The province has a high density of landmines.<ref>{{cite web|title=Landmine Monitor Report|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/2000/landmines/LMWeb-08.htm|website=Hrw.org|access-date=21 September 2014}}</ref> In 2008 the province's Maria Restino Manuel was declared the Internet winner of Miss Landmine 2008. She had secured 29% of the online votes.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bronisteel|first1=Sara|title=Amputee Beauty Pageant Crowns Miss Landmine 2008|url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/amputee-beauty-pageant-crowns-miss-landmine-2008/|website=Fox News|access-date=23 September 2014|date=3 April 2008}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Cachoeiras do Binda.jpg|300px|thumb|Cachoeiras do Binda]]
Kibalas, N'goias, Musseles, Mussumbas and Bailundos are the major ethnic groups in the province. The Kimbundu language is most commonly used.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cuanza Sul: The Province|url=http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/portal/provincias/cuanza-sul/conteudo/2013/7/34/The-Province,9d75ce7d-68ef-44f5-a0e0-811a302bf644.html?context=4f2715ce-128a-4baf-ac73-dbc55c678ea9|website=Agencia Angola Press|access-date=21 September 2014|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402125350/http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/portal/provincias/cuanza-sul/conteudo/2013/7/34/The-Province,9d75ce7d-68ef-44f5-a0e0-811a302bf644.html?context=4f2715ce-128a-4baf-ac73-dbc55c678ea9|url-status=dead}}</ref> Umbundu is also spoken.{{sfn|James|2011|p=147}} [[Bengo Province]] and [[Cuanza Norte Province]] are located to its north.<ref name="Today">{{cite web|title=Cuanza Sul Province|url=http://www.angola-today.com/city-guides/provinces/cuanza-sul/|website=Angola Today|access-date=21 September 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819055906/http://www.angola-today.com/city-guides/provinces/cuanza-sul/|archive-date=19 August 2014}}</ref> Malanje and Bie Provinces are located to its east, while Huambo and Benguela provinces border it in south. The province's coastline on the Atlantic Ocean is {{convert|180|km}} in length. Cuanza Sul city lies on the southern bank of the [[Cuanza River]].<ref name="Today" />

==Municipalities==
Within Cuanza Sul Province includes the following municipalities:

* [[Amboim]] (Gabela)
* [[Cassongue]]
* [[Conda, Angola|Conda]]
* [[Ebo, Angola|Ebo]]
* [[Libolo]] (Calulo)
* [[Mussende]]
* [[Porto Amboim]]
* [[Quibala]]
* [[Quilenda]]
* [[Seles, Angola|Seles]] (Uku Seles)
* [[Sumbe]] (Ngangula)
* [[Cela, Angola|Waku-Kungo]] (Cela)

==Communes==
The province of Cuanza Sul contains the following [[communes of Angola|communes]] ({{langx|pt|comunas}}); sorted by their respective municipalities:

* Amboim Municipality: – [[Assango]], [[Gabela, Angola|Gabela]]
* Cassongue Municipality: – [[Atôme, Angola|Atôme]], [[Cassongue]], [[Dumbi, Angola|Dumbi]], [[Pampangala|Pambangala]] (Pampangala)
* Conda Municipality: – [[Conda, Angola|Conda]], [[Cunjo]]
* Ebo Municipality: – [[Condé, Angola|Condé]], [[Ebo, Angola|Ebo]], [[Kassange]] (Quissanje)
* Libolo Municipality: – [[Kabuta|Cabuta]] (Kabuta), [[Calulo]], [[Munenga]], [[Quissongo]] (Kissongo)
* Mussende Municipality: – [[Mussende]], [[Quienha]] (Kienha), [[São Lucas, Angola|São Lucas]]
* Porto Amboim Municipality: – [[Kapolo|Capolo]] (Kapolo), [[Porto Amboim]]
* Quibala Municipality: – [[Cariango]] (Kariango), [[Ndala Kachibo|Dala Cachibo]], [[Lonhe]], [[Quibala]] (Kibala)
* Quilenda Municipality: – [[Quilenda]] (Kilenda), [[Quirimbo]] (Kirimbo)
* Seles Municipality: – [[Amboiva]], [[Botera]], [[Seles, Angola|Seles]]
* Sumbe Municipality: – [[Ngangula|Gangula]] (Ngangula), [[Gungo]], [[Quicombo]] (Kicombo), [[Sumbe]]
* Waku-Kungo (Cela) Municipality: – [[Kissanga Kungo]] (Quissanga Cunjo), [[Sanga, Angola|Sanga]], [[Uaco Cungo]]

==Administration==
The province's governor is Eusébio de Brito Teixeira. António da Gama Lopes Teixeira, Mateus Alves Morais de Brito and Maria de Lourdes Sousa Abambres Veiga are deputy governors for Technical and infrastructure Services, Economic Sector Area and Political and Social Sector Area respectively.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cuanza Sul : Government|url=http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/portal/provincias/cuanza-sul/conteudo/2013/6/30/Government,26b0a9a6-2547-41b3-aafc-3a8ebbb01642.html?context=4f2715ce-128a-4baf-ac73-dbc55c678ea9|website=Agencia Angola Press|access-date=21 September 2014}}</ref>

==Economy and education==
Coffee, cotton,{{sfn|Europa Publications|2003|p=49}} fruits, rice and tobacco are the major agricultural products.<ref name="Today" /> The province has large deposits of alluvial and eluvial [[diamonds]] and [[Gypsum]].{{sfn|Stead|Rorison|2013|p=36}}{{sfn|Minerals Yearbook|2010|p=2}} Sumbe and Porto Amboim are major fish processing centres.{{sfn|Stead|Rorison|2013|p=189}}

The Independent University of Angola is located in the province's capital and has emerged as the most important educational centre in the province. Established in August 2003 it offers courses in agronomy, veterinary science and forestry.{{sfn|James|2011|p=275}}

==List of governors of Cuanza Sul==

{| class="wikitable sortable
|-
! Name !! Years in office
|-
| Manuel da Cruz Gaspar|| data-sort-value="01"|1975–1977
|-
| Luís Doukui Paulo de Castro|| data-sort-value="03"|1977–1979
|-
| Armando Fandano Ndembo || data-sort-value="04"|1979–1982
|-
| Francisco José Ramos da Cruz|| data-sort-value="11"|1982–1992
|-
| Aurélio Segunda || data-sort-value="03"|1992–1994
|-
| Francisco José Ramos da Cruz || data-sort-value="06"|1994–1999
|-
| [[Higino Carneiro|Francisco Higino Lopes Carneiro]] || data-sort-value="04"|1999–2002
|-
| Serafim Maria do Prado || data-sort-value="11"|2002–2012
|-
| Eusébio de Brito Teixeira || data-sort-value="08"|2012–2019
|-
| Job Pedro Castelo Capapinha || data-sort-value="01"|2019–
|}
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cuandocubango.gov.ao/Institucionais/Historico.aspx |title=Histórico dos Governadores |publisher=cuandocubango.gov.ao |access-date=3 Mar 2019 |language=pt}}</ref>

{{small|Up to 1991, the official name was Provincial Commissioner}}

==See also==
*[[Coçoço]]
*[[Fort of Kikombo]]

== References ==
===Citations===
{{reflist|30em}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book|author=Europa Publications|author-link=Europa Publications|title=Africa South of the Sahara 2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jj4J-AXGDaQC&pg=PA49|year=2003|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-1-85743-183-4}}
* {{cite book|title=Minerals Yearbook, 2008, V. 3, Area Reports, International, Africa and the Middle East|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOUq1JKeQ18C&pg=SA2-PA12|date=2010|publisher=Government Printing Office|isbn=978-1-4113-2965-2|ref={{sfnRef|Minerals Yearbook|2010}}}}
* {{cite book|title=Angola Oil and Gas Exploration Laws and Regulation Handbook Volume 1 Strategic Information and Basic Laws |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pr9kCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA23|date=2014 |publisher=Int'l Business Publications|isbn=978-1-4330-7852-1 |ref={{sfnRef|Int'l Business|2014}}}}
* {{cite book|first=W. Martin |last=James|title=Historical Dictionary of Angola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4A5NM4IeBXgC&pg=PA147|date=2011|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7458-9|oclc=712777842}}
* {{cite book|first1=Mike |last1=Stead|first2=Sean |last2=Rorison|title=Angola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jqQRmcjxLYC&pg=PA189|year=2013|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-84162-443-3|oclc=809938802}}
* {{cite book|author=United States. Central Intelligence Agency|author-link=United States. Central Intelligence Agency|title=Angola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2XwzfdiBfKoC&pg=PA29|year=1990|publisher=Human Rights Watch|id=GGKEY:379Y7T2K4UX|ref={{sfnRef|Central Intelligence Agency|1990}}}}
* {{cite book|first=Alex |last=Vines|title=Still Killing: Landmines in Southern Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CFFdl5colg8C&pg=PA54|year=1997|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-206-7|oclc=246170324}}
* {{cite book|first=Stephen L. |last=Weigert|title=Angola: A Modern Military History, 1961-2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LdzJAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA153|date=2011|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0-230-33783-1|oclc=759166807}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120529130801/http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=17&Itemid=1427 Information on this province at ''Info Angola'']
* [http://ao.geoview.info/kwanza_sul,3349234 Province geographical info at geoview.info]

{{Provinces of Angola}}
{{Cuanza Sul Province}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|10|38|S|14|30|E|source:cawiki_region:AO_type:adm1st|display=title}}

[[Category:Cuanza Sul Province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Angola]]

Cuanza Norte Province

2025-07-30T16:06:17Z

2607:FEA8:C280:8200:6A50:D3FC:EA44:58B4:

{{short description|Province of Angola}}
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| leader_name = Joao Diogo Gaspar
| leader_title1 = Vice-Governor for the Political, Economical and Social Sector
| leader_name1 = Constantina Pereira Furtado Machado
| leader_title2 = Vice-Governor for Technical Services and Infrastructures
| leader_name2 = Michel Raimundo Luzolo
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| area_code =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2018)
| blank_info_sec1 = 0.533<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2020-02-27}}</ref> {{color|#900|low}} · [[List of provinces of Angola by Human Development Index|9th of 18]]
| iso_code = AO-CNO
| website = {{URL|www.kwanzanorte.gov.ao}}
| footnotes =
}}
{{coord|9|1|S|15|4|E|source:cawiki_region:AO_type:adm1st|display=title}}
The '''Cuanza Norte Province''' ({{langx|en|North [[Cuanza River|Cuanza]]}}; {{langx|umb|Konano Kwanza Volupale}}) is [[Provinces of Angola|province]] of [[Angola]]. [[N'dalatando]] is the capital and the province has an area of 24,110 km2 and a population of 443,386.<ref name =Censo2014>{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |title=Resultados Definitivos Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação - 2014 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=Instituto Nacional de Estatística, República de Angola |df=dmy |archive-date=14 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214215245/https://www.ine.gov.ao/images/Populacao_Sociedade/Estudos_tematicos/PUBLICACAO_RESULTADOS_DEFINITIVOS_DO_CENSO_2014.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Manuel Pedro Pacavira]] was born here and is a former provincial governor. The 1,400 meter long [[Capanda Dam]] is located in this province.{{sfn|James|2011|p=75}} Cuanza Norte lies on the northern bank of the [[Cuanza River]]. It had been a territory of [[Ngola Kingdom]]. In 1914, [[Norton de Matos]] created [[District of Cuanza]] which was divided into Cuanza Norte and [[Cuanza Sul Province]]s in 1917.<ref name="Press">{{cite web|title=Cuanza Norte Province|url=http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/portal/provincias/cuanza-norte/conteudo/2013/7/34/The-Province,3019698b-3569-4d55-9775-2aaa03f780a2.html?context=9ea68b14-f2d3-42d3-b4d5-e3d2ca2309bb|website=Angola Press|access-date=28 September 2014|archive-date=29 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129060156/http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/portal/provincias/cuanza-norte/conteudo/2013/7/34/The-Province,3019698b-3569-4d55-9775-2aaa03f780a2.html?context=9ea68b14-f2d3-42d3-b4d5-e3d2ca2309bb|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Cambambe - panoramio.jpg|300px|thumb|Cambambe, Cuanza Norte Province]]
It was badly affected during the [[Angolan Civil War]].<ref name="Press" /> It has many mines left over from the Civil War and contracts to clear them were given to several organisations.{{sfn|Vines|1997|p=54}} During the civil war, the insurgents made the province part of the central zone.{{sfn|Weigert|2011|p=153}} On 5 April 2001, [[UNITA|National Union for the Total Independence of Angola]] members attacked [[Samba Caju]] and killed 120 [[FAA]] members. The province's military commander, General Recordacao was also killed in the attack.{{sfn|Weigert|2011|p=161}}

The most spoken languages are [[Kimbundu language|Kimbundu]].{{sfn|James|2011|p=147}} [[Mbundu people]] inhabit the province.{{sfn|George|2004|p=5}} {{sfn|James|2011|p=92}} Sugarcane and coffee are the most important agricultural crops. Their production is favoured by the tropical humid climate of the province.{{sfn|James|2011|p=75}}

== Municipalities ==
The province of Cuanza Norte contains ten [[municipalities of Angola|municipalities]] ({{langx|pt|municípios}}):<ref name="embassy">{{cite web | url = http://www.angola.org/referenc/provinces.html | title = Reference Center: Provinces | publisher = Angolan Embassy in the United States | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060211115650/http://www.angola.org/referenc/provinces.html | archive-date= 11 February 2006}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Município !! [[Capital city|Capital]]<ref name="geohive-kuanza-norte">{{cite web | url = http://www.geohive.com/cntry/angola.aspx?levels=Kuanza%20Norte | title = Angola Statistics: Kuanza Norte | publisher = GeoHive | access-date = 28 Feb 2010 | quote = Source: Instituto Nacional de Estatística, Angola. Instituto Nacional de Segurança Social, Angola. | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091015102600/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/angola.aspx?levels=Kuanza%20Norte | archive-date = 15 October 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="geohive-bengo">{{cite web | url = http://www.geohive.com/cntry/angola.aspx?levels=Bengo | title = Angola Statistics: Bengo | publisher = GeoHive | access-date = 28 Feb 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091015185416/http://www.geohive.com/cntry/angola.aspx?levels=Bengo | archive-date = 15 October 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref>!! [[Area]] (km2)<ref name="geohive-kuanza-norte" /><ref name="geohive-bengo" /> !! [[Population|Pop.]] (2006 est)<ref name="geohive-kuanza-norte" /><ref name="geohive-bengo" />
|-
| [[Ambaca]] || [[Camabatela]] || 3,080 || 123,244
|-
| [[Banga, Angola|Banga]] || Banga || 1,260 || 23,284
|-
| [[Bolongongo]] || Bolongongo || 1,061 || 31,288
|-
| [[Cambambe]] || [[Dondo, Angola|Dondo]] || 5,212 || 91,984
|-
| [[Cazengo]] || [[N'dalatando|N'Dalatando]] || 1,793 || 109,256
|-
| [[Golungo Alto]] || Golungo Alto || 1,989 || 69,918
|-
| [[Ngonguembo]] || Ngonguembo || 1,400 || 37,405
|-
| [[Lucala]] || Lucala || 1,718 || 41,792
|-
| [[Quiculungo]] || Quiculungo || 475 || 30,152
|-
| [[Samba Cajú]] || Samba Cajú || 2,012 || 95,638
|}

Some sources show the following three municipalities in [[Bengo Province|Bengo]] Province:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Município !! [[Capital city|Capital]]<ref name="geohive-kuanza-norte"/><ref name="geohive-bengo"/>!! [[Area]] (km2)<ref name="geohive-kuanza-norte" /><ref name="geohive-bengo" /> !! [[Population|Pop.]] (2006 est)<ref name="geohive-kuanza-norte" /><ref name="geohive-bengo" />
|-
| [[Bula-Atumba]]<ref name="geohive-bengo" /> || [[Bula, Angola|Bula]] || 3,604 || 56,718
|-
| [[Dembos]],<ref name="geohive-bengo" /><ref name="info-angola">{{cite web|url=http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=38&Itemid=65 |title=Bengo: Municípios |publisher=Info-Angola |access-date=27 Feb 2010 |language=pt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322112311/http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=38&Itemid=65 |archive-date=2017-03-22 }}</ref> || [[Quibaxe]] || 2,444 || 58,941
|-
| [[Pango-Aluquém]]<ref name="geohive-bengo" /><ref name="info-angola" /> || [[Pango, Angola|Pango]] || 2,754 || 45,680
|}

While others list those three in Cuanza Norte (Kwanza Norte) Province.<ref name="embassy" />

== Communes ==
The province of Cuanza Norte contains the following [[communes of Angola|communes]] ({{langx|pt|comunas}}); sorted by their respective municipalities:<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=313&Itemid=346 | title = Kwanza-Norte: Comunas | publisher = Info-Angola | access-date = 27 Feb 2010|language=pt}}</ref>

* Ambaca Municipality: – [[Bindo]], [[Camabatela]], [[Luinga]], [[Maua, Cuanza Norte|Maúa]], [[Tango, Angola|Tango]]
* Banga Municipality: – [[Aldeia Nova]], [[Banga, Angola|Banga]], [[Caculo Cabaça]], [[Cariamba]]
* Bolongongo Municipality: – [[Bolongongo]], [[Kiquiemba|Quiquiemba]], [[Terreiro]]
* Cambambe Municipality: – [[Dange Ia Menha|Danje-ia-Menha]], [[Dondo, Angola|Dondo]], [[Massangano]], [[São Pedro da Quilemba|São Pedro da Kilemba]], [[Zenza do Itombe]]
* Cazengo Municipality: – [[Canhoca]], [[N'dalatando]]
* Golungo Alto Municipality: – [[Cambondo]], [[Cerca|Cêrca]], [[Golungo Alto]], [[Kiluange|Kiluanje]]
* N'Gonguembo Municipality: – [[Camame]], [[Cavunga]], [[Ngonguembo|Quilombo dos Dembos]] (Ngonguembo)
* Licucala Municipality: – [[Lucala|Lukala]], [[Kiangombe|Quiangombe]]
* Quiculungo Municipality: – [[Quiculungo]]
* Samba Cajú Municipality: – [[Samba Cajú]], [[Samba Lucala]]
* Bula-Atumba Municipality: – [[Bula Atumba|Bula-Atumba]], [[Quiage]] (Kiaje)
* Dembos Municipality: – [[Paredes, Angola|Paredes]], [[Piri, Angola|Piri]], [[Quibaxe]], [[São José das Matas]]
* Pango-Aluquém Municipality: – [[Kazua|Cazuangongo]] (Kazua), [[Pango Aluquém|Pango-Aluquém]]

==List of governors of Cuanza Norte==

{| class="wikitable sortable
|-
! Name !! Years in office
|-
| José Congo Sebastião || data-sort-value="02"|1976–1977
|-
| Lourenço José Fereira ''Diandengue'' || data-sort-value="03"|1977–1979
|-
| Evaristo Domingos ''Kimba'' || data-sort-value="02"|1979–1980
|-
| Noé da Silva Saúde || data-sort-value="07"|1980–1986
|-
| [[Paulo Teixeira Jorge]] || data-sort-value="04"|1986–1989
|-
| Francisco Vieira Dias|| data-sort-value="03"|1989–1991
|-
| [[Manuel Pedro Pacavira]] || data-sort-value="14"|1991–2004
|-
| Henrique André Júnior || data-sort-value="13"|2004–2016
|-
| José Maria Ferraz dos Santos || data-sort-value="03"|2016–2019
|-
| Adriano Mendes de Carvalho || data-sort-value="01"|2019–
|}
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cuandocubango.gov.ao/Institucionais/Historico.aspx |title=Histórico dos Governadores |publisher=cuandocubango.gov.ao |access-date=3 Mar 2019 |language=pt}}</ref>

{{small|Up to 1991, the official name was Provincial Commissioner}}

==See also==
*[[Church of Nossa Senhora da Victoria]]

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist|2}}

=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite book|last=George|first=Edward|title=Cuban Intervention in Angola, 1965-1991: From Che Guevara to Cuito Cuanavale|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gcR_AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA5|date=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-26933-4}}
* {{cite book|last=James|first=W. Martin|title=Historical Dictionary of Angola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4A5NM4IeBXgC&pg=PA147|date=2011|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7458-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Vines|first=Alex|title=Still Killing: Landmines in Southern Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CFFdl5colg8C&pg=PA54|year=1997|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-206-7|page=54}}
* {{cite book|last=Weigert|first=Stephen L.|title=Angola: A Modern Military History, 1961-2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LdzJAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA153|date=2011|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0-230-33783-1}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180313154541/https://kwanzanorte.gov.ao/ Official website of province governor]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120122120314/http://www.mat.gv.ao/portalmat/default.aspx?s=45 Information on this province at the Angolan ministry for territorial administration]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161031130608/http://info-angola.ao/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=12&Itemid=1260 Information on this province at ''Info Angola'']
* [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/angola/ao_appen.html US government statistics from 1988]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416230954/http://www.angola.org.uk/prov_c_norte.htm Angolan embassy in the UK official population statistics]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080416230954/http://www.angola.org.uk/prov_c_norte.htm Angola.org.uk]
* [http://ao.geoview.info/cuanza_norte_province,2241660 Province geographical info at geoview.info]

{{Provinces of Angola}}
{{Municipalities of Angola}}
{{Cuanza Norte Province}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cuanza Norte Province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Angola]]