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Baptists Together

2025-10-04T23:06:05Z

2A00:23C6:F3CF:F01:E170:52C6:A3A8:74E5: amend infobox mirroring Southern Baptist Convention

{{Short description|British Baptist denomination}}
{{redirect|Baptist Union|organisations in other parts of the world calling themselves "Baptist Union"|List of Baptist denominations}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox Christian denomination
|name = Baptists Together (Baptist Union of Great Britain)
|image = Baptists_Together_UK_logo.jpg
|imagewidth =
|alt = Logo of Baptists Together
|caption =
|main_classification = [[Protestant]]
|theology = [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical Baptist]]
|scripture = [[Protestant Bible]]
|orientation = [[Baptists|Baptist]]
|polity = [[Congregationalist polity|Congregationalist]]
|leader/moderator =
|leader =
|fellowships = [[Old Baptist Union]], [[Baptist Union of Wales]], [[New Connexion of General Baptists]]
|associations = [[World Council of Churches]], [[Baptist World Alliance]], [[Conference of European Churches]], [[European Baptist Federation]], [[Churches Together in Britain and Ireland]], [[Fellowship of British Baptists]], [[Churches Together in England]]
|area = [[England]] and [[Wales]]
|website = {{URL|baptist.org.uk}}
|founder =[[John Rippon]] and [[Joseph Ivimey]]
|founded_date = 1813 (or 1770
|founded_place =
|separated_from =
|parent =
|merger =
|separations = Grace Baptist Assembly, Association of Grace Baptist Churches, [[Seventh Day Baptists]], [[Strict Baptists]], [[Gospel Standard Baptists]]
|hospitals =
|nursing_homes =
|missionary organization = [[BMS World Mission]]
|aid = [[Baptist Aid]] [[Orphan Society]] [[Annuity Fund]]
|congregations = 1,875
|members = 100,103
|headquarters = [[Didcot]]
|ministers =
|missionaries =
|primary_schools =
|secondary_schools =
|tertiary = 1
|seminaries = 4
|footnotes =
|leader_name=Steve Finamore
|leader_title=President
|leader_name1=''vacant''
|leader_title1=Vice-president
}}

{{Baptist}}
'''Baptists Together''', formally the '''Baptist Union of Great Britain''', is a [[Baptists|Baptist]] [[Christian denomination]] in [[England and Wales]]. It is affiliated with the [[Baptist World Alliance]] and [[Churches Together in England]]. The headquarters is in [[Didcot]].

==History==
The Baptist Union of Great Britain was officially established in 1813 by 45 [[Particular Baptist]] churches in [[London]].<ref>William H. Brackney, ''Historical Dictionary of the Baptists'', Scarecrow Press, USA, 2009, p. 76</ref> In 1832, it was reorganized to include the [[New Connexion of General Baptists]] ([[General Baptist]]) as partner.<ref name=":0">Stephen R. Holmes, ''Baptist Theology'', T&T Clark, UK, 2012, p. 51</ref> In 1891, [[General Baptist]] and [[Particular Baptist]] work merged in the Baptist Union of Great Britain,<ref>Robert E. Johnson, ''A Global Introduction to Baptist Churches'', Cambridge University Press, UK, 2010, p. 104</ref><ref>William H. Brackney, ''Historical Dictionary of the Baptists'', Scarecrow Press, USA, 2009, p. 77</ref> and The Baptist Historical Society was created in 1908.

In 1922, Edith Gates became the first [[Ordination of women in Christianity|ordained female cleric]] in the BUGB.<ref>Erich Geldbach, ''Baptists Worldwide: Origins, Expansions, Emerging Realities'', Wipf and Stock Publishers, USA, 2022, p. 111</ref>

In 1978, [[Nell Alexander]] became the first woman to be appointed as BUGB President.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.baptist.org.uk/Groups/310743/100_years_of.aspx |title= 100 years of women in Baptist ministry |author= |date= |website= Baptist.org |publisher= |access-date= July 22, 2025 |quote=}}</ref>

In 1987, [[Margaret Jarman]] became the first woman minister to be appointed president of the BUGB.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.baptist.org.uk/Articles/519442/The_Revd_Sister.aspx|title= Obituaries - The Revd Sister Margaret Jarman CPP BD: 1932-2018 |author= |date= April 1, 2018 |website= Baptist.org |publisher= |access-date= July 22, 2025 |quote=}}</ref>

In 1999 [[Cham Kaur-Mann]] became the first Asian woman minister in the BUGB.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.baptist.org.uk/Articles/542050/Cham_Kaur_Mann.aspx |title= Cham Kaur-Mann |author= |date= |website= Baptist.org |publisher= |access-date= July 22, 2025 |quote=}}</ref>

In 2013 Lynn Green was elected, with no votes against, as the first female General Secretary of the Baptist Union of Great Britain to commence in September 2013. She was received at the vote by a standing ovation and her inaugural message included "I believe that our union is ready for generational change... It is time to cast off the institutional mindset that has served us well in the past, and embrace a new way of being for the 21st century."<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.abpnews.com/ministry/organizations/item/8473-woman-named-to-lead-british-baptists | title = Woman Named to Lead British Baptists | first = Robert 'Bob' | last = Allen | publisher = Associated Baptist Press | newspaper = News | date = 6 May 2013 | access-date = 2013-07-28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131023044528/http://www.abpnews.com/ministry/organizations/item/8473-woman-named-to-lead-british-baptists | archive-date = 23 October 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Also in 2013, the union publicly re-branded itself as "Baptists Together" and introduced a new logo to reflect the change (although it is still known in an official capacity as the Baptist Union of Great Britain).<ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.baptist.org.uk/Publisher/Article.aspx?ID=392726 | title = The Baptist Union of Great Britain : Baptist Union logo | access-date = 2014-09-09}}</ref>

In 2006, Revd Dr [[Kate Coleman]] from Ghana, the first black woman to be an accredited Baptist minister, became the first black female President of the BUGB.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.baptist.org.uk/Articles/547636/Kate_Coleman.aspx |title= Obituaries - The Revd Sister Margaret Jarman CPP BD: 1932-2018 |author= |date= April 1, 2018 |website= Baptist.org |publisher= |access-date= July 22, 2025 |quote=}}</ref>

==Membership==
[[File: Gold Hill Baptist Church worship service.jpg|350px|thumb|right| [[Worship service (evangelicalism)|Worship service]] at Gold Hill Baptist Church, near [[London]].]]
According to a census published by the Union in 2024, it claimed 1,875 churches and 100,103 members.<ref name="Members">Baptist World Alliance, [https://www.baptistworld.org/member-unions/ Members], baptistworld.org, USA, retrieved July 24, 2024</ref>

===Missionary organization===
The Fellowship of British Baptists and [[BMS World Mission]] brings together in ministry the churches that are members of the [[Baptist Union of Scotland]], [[Baptist Union of Wales|Wales]], the Irish Baptist Networks, and the Baptist Union of Great Britain. It is itself a member of [[The National Council for Voluntary Youth Services|The National Council for Voluntary Youth Services (NCVYS)]]<ref name="NCVYS members">[http://www.ncvys.org.uk/index.php?page=392 Full list of NCVYS member organisations] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512231646/http://www.ncvys.org.uk/index.php?page=392 |date=12 May 2013 }}</ref> because of its work to promote young people's personal and social development.

===Inter-denominational associations===
The union maintains membership with Christian [[ecumenical]] organisations such as [[Churches Together in England]], [[Churches Together in Britain and Ireland]], the [[Conference of European Churches]], and the [[World Council of Churches]].

==Missionary Society==
The [[BMS World Mission]] was organised as Baptist Missionary Society in 1792, under the leadership of [[Andrew Fuller]] (1754–1815), John Sutcliff (1752–1814), and [[William Carey (missionary)|William Carey]] (1761–1834).<ref>Robert E. Johnson, ''A Global Introduction to Baptist Churches'', Cambridge University Press, Royaume-Uni, 2010, p. 99</ref><ref>J. Gordon Melton and Martin Baumann, ''Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices'', ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 292</ref>

==Beliefs==
The union has a [[Baptist]] [[confession of faith]].<ref>Baptists Together, [https://www.baptist.org.uk/Groups/220595/Declaration_of_Principle.aspx Declaration of Principle], baptist.org.uk, UK, retrieved 5 December 2020</ref> It is a member of the [[Baptist World Alliance]].<ref name="Members"/>

== Schools ==
[[File: Regent’s Park College.jpg|thumb| [[Regent's Park College, Oxford|Regent's Park College]], [[University of Oxford|Oxford]].]]
The Union is a partner of 4 theological seminaries, namely South Wales Baptist College, Northern Baptist College, Bristol Baptist College and [[Spurgeon's College]], and a university college, [[Regent's Park College]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://baptist.org.uk/Groups/220658/Colleges.aspx |title= The Baptist Union: Colleges|website=baptist.org.uk |access-date=14 July 2022}}{{title missing|date=September 2022}}</ref> In March 2024, the St Hild Centre for Baptist Ministry, previously an affiliated centre of Northern Baptist College, entered membership with the Baptist Union of Great Britain in its own right.<ref>{{Cite web |access-date=23 June 2024 |title=St Hild Centre for Baptist Ministry |url=https://sthild.org/centre-for-baptist-ministry |website=St Hild}}</ref>

==Organisation==
The principal of the Union is the General Secretary. A number of paid staff provide leadership and practical support from the Union's headquarters in Baptist House, [[Didcot]], in areas such as finance, ministerial accreditation, and legal support.

=== List of general secretaries ===
* 1898 – 1924 John Howard Shakespeare
* 1925 – 1951 [[Melbourn Aubrey]]
* 1951 – 1967 [[Ernest Alexander Payne|Ernest A. Payne]]
* 1967 – 1982 [[David Syme Russell|David S. Russell]]
* 1982 – 1991 Bernard Green
* 1991 – 2006 David Coffey
* 2006 – 2013 Jonathan Edwards
* 2013 – Lynn Green

Since 2001, churches in membership with the Baptist Union of Great Britain have been organised into 13 Regional Associations:
*Central Baptist Association
*East Midlands Baptist Association
*Eastern Baptist Association
*Heart of England Baptist Association
*London Baptist Association
*North Western Baptist Association
*Northern Baptist Association
*South Eastern Baptist Association
*South Wales Baptist Association
*South West Baptist Association
*Southern Counties Baptist Association
*West of England Baptist Network (formerly West of England Baptist Association)
*Yorkshire Baptist Association
Regional Association teams, led by a number of Regional Ministers and a senior Regional Ministry Team Leader (RMTL), oversee and facilitate ministry in local churches. This may include pastoral support for ministers, signposting regional events, organising regional conferences, and supporting churches without a minister.

== Doctrinal controversies ==

At the Baptist Union Assembly in April 1971, Michael Taylor, then Principal at the Northern Baptist College, asserted, "I believe that God was active in Jesus, but it will not do to say quite categorically: Jesus is God." The statement bred controversy, and some charged him with denying the Deity of Christ.<ref name=btimes>{{cite web |url= http://www.baptist.org.uk/Articles/369231/Freedom_with_foundation.aspx | title = Freedom with Foundation: The George Beasley-Murray Memorial Lecture | work= Baptist Times | access-date=2016-08-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160816205814/http://www.baptist.org.uk/Articles/369231/Freedom_with_foundation.aspx | archive-date= 2016-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.alfredplacechurch.org.uk/index.php/sermons/the-divine-glory-of-christ/the-divine-glory-of-christ-1/ | title = The Divine Glory of Christ | last= Thomas, Geoff | author-link= Geoff Thomas (pastor) | work= Alfred Place Baptist Church | access-date=2016-08-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160816210015/http://www.alfredplacechurch.org.uk/index.php/sermons/the-divine-glory-of-christ/the-divine-glory-of-christ-1/ | archive-date= 2016-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.efcc.org.uk/publications/Concern_130.pdf | title = Federation Speaker, in ''Congregational Concern'' | work= Evangelical Fellowship of Congregational Concerns | date= 1993 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160816210954/http://www.efcc.org.uk/publications/Concern_130.pdf| archive-date= 2016-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.wayoflife.org/reports/liberal_baptist_denominations.html |title= Liberal Baptist Denominations| date= 2014-04-13 | work= Way of Life Literature | access-date=2016-08-16 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160816211235/http://www.wayoflife.org/reports/liberal_baptist_denominations.html| archive-date= 2016-08-16}}</ref> [[Nigel G. Wright]], later Principal of [[Spurgeon's College]], commenting on the affair, claimed the, "Spectre of theological downgrade had lingered within the denomination throughout the 20th century," alluding to the [[Charles Spurgeon#Downgrade controversy|Downgrade Controversy]] of a century earlier.<ref name=btimes />

Affirm network was founded in 2000 in favor to the inclusion of LGBTQ people in the Union.<ref>Affirm, [https://www.affirm.org.uk/about About], affirm.org.uk, UK, accessed July 24, 2024</ref>

In 2020, the Ministerial Recognition Committee received a letter from 70 members of the Union asking that the rules be changed to allow ministers in same-sex marriages to no longer be guilty of gross misconduct. The request was referred to the national Council, who discussed it in March 2022 and initiated a process of consultation whereby ministers and churches in membership with the Union were asked their thoughts on the proposed change.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Baptist Union: Process Timeline - December 2023 |url=https://www.baptist.org.uk/Groups/398098/Process_Timeline_December.aspx |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=www.baptist.org.uk |language=en}}</ref> During this time a group formed, initially known as 'Baptist Ministers for Orthodox Marriage' and later 'Evangelical Baptists', who campaigned against the change in rules.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us – Evangelical Baptist |url=http://www.evangelicalbaptist.uk/about-us/ |access-date=2024-06-23 |language=en-GB}}</ref> The results of the consultation were presented to Council, who decided against the change in March 2024 with a vote of 65% against:

{{Blockquote|text=Council has concluded that our Ministerial Recognition Rules concerning marriage and ministry will remain unchanged. Therefore, an accredited minister should not themselves be in a same-sex marriage. Nonetheless Council reiterates that sexual orientation is no bar to accreditation. Furthermore, Council upholds the liberty of the local church to appoint ministry according to their governing documents.|author=Baptist Union Council, 2024|source=<ref>EF, [https://evangelicalfocus.com/europe/25911/uk-baptists-do-not-open-to-ministers-in-a-same-sex-marriage British Baptists not open to same-sex married pastors], evangelicalfocus.com, Spain, 22 March 2024</ref>}}

==See also==
*[[Baptist Union of Scotland]]
*[[Religion in the United Kingdom]]
*[[Regent's Park College, Oxford]]
*[[:Category:Baptist churches in the United Kingdom|Baptist churches in the United Kingdom]]
*[[Charles Spurgeon#Downgrade controversy|Spurgeon and the "Downgrade Controversy"]]
* [[Baptist beliefs]]
* [[Worship service (evangelicalism)]]
* [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]]
* [[Believers' Church]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=nb}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{Citation | title = Baptists Around the World | first = Albert W jr | last = Wardin}}.
* {{Citation | title = The Baptist Union: A Short History | first = Ernest Alexander | last = Payne | author-link = Ernest Alexander Payne}}.
* {{Citation | title = The English Baptists of the Eighteenth Century | first = Raymond | last = Brown}}.
* {{Citation | title = The English Baptists of the Nineteenth Century | first = JHY | last = Briggs}}.
* {{Citation | title = Baptists in the Twentieth Century | first = Keith | last = Clements}}.

==External links==
*[http://www.baptisthistory.org.uk/ Baptist Historical Society] – official Web Site
*[http://www.baptist.org.uk/ Baptist Union of Great Britain] – official Web Site
*[http://www.baptisttimes.co.uk/ The Baptist Times] – Web Site of the official newspaper of the BUGB
*[http://www.incarnate-network.eu/ Incarnate Network] – Web Site of the church planting network of BUGB Missions Dept
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100323062105/http://www.ncvys.org.uk/ The National Council for Voluntary Youth Services (NCVYS)] – England-wide organisation of which the Baptist Union is a member

{{UK baptist denominations}}
{{Christianity in the United Kingdom}}
{{Baptist World Alliance Members}}
{{World Council of Churches}}

[[Category:Baptists Together| ]]
[[Category:Baptist denominations in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Christianity in Oxfordshire]]
[[Category:Members of the World Council of Churches]]
[[Category:1813 establishments in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Oxfordshire]]
[[Category:Protestantism in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in 1813]]
[[Category:South Oxfordshire District]]

African Methodist Episcopal Church

2025-10-04T23:02:19Z

2A00:23C6:F3CF:F01:E170:52C6:A3A8:74E5: add the scripture of the church

{{Short description|Predominantly African American Protestant denomination}}
{{for|individual church buildings/congregations of this name|African Methodist Episcopal Church (disambiguation)}}
{{distinguish|African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church}}
{{Infobox Christian denomination
| name = African Methodist Episcopal Church
| image = Amesheild.svg
| imagewidth = 200px
| caption =
| main_classification = [[Protestant]]
| orientation = [[Methodism|Methodist]]
| scripture = [[Protestant Bible]]
| theology = [[Wesleyan-Arminian theology|Wesleyan-Arminian]]
| polity = [[Connexionalism]]
| founder = [[Richard Allen (bishop)|Richard Allen]] (1760–1831)
| founded_date = 1816 (grew out of the [[Free African Society]] which was established in 1787) and [[Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church]], (organized 1794)
| founded_place = [[Philadelphia|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
| separated_from = [[Methodist Episcopal Church]] (organized 1784 in [[Baltimore]] to 1939) - (currently the [[United Methodist Church]])
| parent =
| merger =
| separations =
| associations = [[World Methodist Council]] [[Wesleyan Holiness Consortium]] [[National Council of Churches]] (1950) [[World Council of Churches]] (1948) [[Churches Uniting in Christ]] (formerly [[Consultation on Church Union]] of 1962) [[Conference of National Black Churches]]
| area =
| headquarters = [[Nashville, Tennessee]]
| congregations = 7,000<ref name="World Council Churches"/>
| members = 2.5–3.5 million<ref name="World Council Churches"/><ref name="Churches and Church Membership in the United States" >{{cite web|last1=Pratt|first1=George|title=Largest Religious groups in the United States of America|url=http://www.adherents.com/rel_USA.html|website=Adherents.com|publisher=Adherence.com|access-date=2017-01-04|ref=Churches and Church Membership in the United States|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820080454/http://www.adherents.com/rel_USA.html|archive-date=2018-08-20|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref name="C4WDefault-6689312">{{cite web|url=http://christianity.about.com/od/AME/a/African-Methodist-Episcopal-Profile.htm |title=African Methodist Episcopal – Brief Overview of the African Methodist Episcopal Church |work=christianity.about.com |date=May 14, 2014  |access-date=May 14, 2014 |first=Jack |last=Zavada |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515012112/http://christianity.about.com/od/AME/a/African-Methodist-Episcopal-Profile.htm |archive-date=May 15, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| footnotes =
| website = {{URL|http://www.ame-church.com}}
}}
{{Methodism}}
The '''African Methodist Episcopal Church''', usually called the '''AME Church''' or '''AME''', is a [[Methodist]] denomination based in the United States. It adheres to [[Wesleyan theology|Wesleyan–Arminian theology]] and has a [[connexionalism|connexional]] polity.<ref name="Anyabwile2007">{{cite book |last1=Anyabwile |first1=Thabiti M. |title=The Decline of African American Theology: From Biblical Faith to Cultural Captivity |date=14 November 2007 |publisher=InterVarsity Press |isbn=978-0-8308-2827-2 |page=195 |language=English}}</ref> It cooperates with other Methodist bodies through the [[World Methodist Council]] and [[Wesleyan Holiness Connection]].<ref name="Scott2020">{{cite web |last1=Scott |first1=David W. |title=UMC Ecumenical Partnerships: Multilateral Partnerships |url=https://um-insight.net/in-the-church/umc-global-nature/umc-ecumenical-partnerships-multilateral-partnerships/ |publisher=UM Insight |access-date=8 July 2021 |language=English |date=11 August 2020}}</ref>

Though historically a [[black church]] and the first independent [[Protestant]] denomination to be founded by [[Black people]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part3/3p97.html|title=Richard Allen |publisher=PBS|access-date=2017-09-07}}</ref> the African Methodist Episcopal Church welcomes and has members of all ethnicities.<ref name="FreelonThomas2019">{{cite web |last1=Freelon |first1=Kiratiana |last2=Thomas III |first2=John |title=At Home in Allen's Church: Stories of Multicultural AME Members |url=https://www.thechristianrecorder.com/at-home-in-allens-church-stories-of-multicultural-ame-members/ |publisher=[[The Christian Recorder]] |access-date=17 June 2021 |language=English |date=19 October 2019}}</ref>

The AME Church was founded by [[Richard Allen (bishop)|Richard Allen]] (1760–1831) in 1816 when he called together five African American congregations of the previously established [[Methodist Episcopal Church]] with the hope of escaping the [[Racial discrimination|discrimination]] that was commonplace in society, including some churches.<ref name="FreelonThomas2019" /> It was among the first denominations in the United States to be founded for this reason (rather than for theological distinctions). Allen, a previously ordained [[deacon]] in the Methodist Episcopal Church, was elected by the gathered ministers and ordained as its first [[bishop]] in 1816 by the first General Conference of the five churches—extending from the three in the Philadelphia area in [[Pennsylvania]] to ones in [[Delaware]] and [[Baltimore]], Maryland. The denomination then expanded west and through the South, particularly after the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865). By 1906, the AME had a membership of about half a million, more than the combined predominantly black American denominations—the [[Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in America]] and the [[African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church]], making it the largest major African-American denomination of the Methodist tradition.

The AME Church currently has 20 districts, each with its own [[bishop]]: 13 are based in the [[United States]], mostly in [[southern United States|the South]], while seven are based in [[Africa]]. The global membership of the AME is around 2.5 million members, and it remains one of the largest Methodist denominations in the world.

==Name==
;African: The AME Church was created and organized by people of African descent (most descended from [[enslaved Africans]] taken to the Americas) as a response to being officially discriminated against by white congregants in the Methodist Episcopal Church. The church was not founded in Africa, nor is it exclusively for people of African descent. It is open and welcoming to people of all ethnic groups, origins, nationalities, and colors, although its congregations are predominantly made up of black Americans.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.evernote.com/shard/s66/sh/96ed377e-611a-4e39-a7ec-5f92e5bc9bae/2ef9ee9a8cfb75daec97ee3c96058355 | title=Our Own Vine and Fig Tree: The Authority of History and Kinship in Mother Bethel | author=Beck, Carolyn S. | journal=Review of Religious Research | year=1988 | volume=29 | issue=4 | pages=369–84 | doi=10.2307/3511576 | jstor=3511576| url-access=subscription }}</ref>
;Methodist: The church's roots are in the [[Methodism|Methodist tradition]]. Members of St. George's Methodist Church left the congregation when faced with racial discrimination, but continued with the Methodist doctrine and the order of worship.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UPBT2N1CoboC&pg=PA8 | title=A Will to Choose: The Origins of African American Methodism | publisher=Rowman & Littlefield | first=J. Gordon | last=Melton | year=2007 | location=Lanham, MD | pages=8–11 | others=Introduction by Woodie W. White | isbn=978-0742552647 | oclc=73993826 | ol=10721694M | lccn=2006034686}}</ref>
;Episcopal: The AME Church operates under an [[Episcopal polity|episcopal form of church government]].<ref name="C4WDefault-9143131">{{cite web|url=http://www.ame-church.com/our-church |title=Our Church |work=ame-church.com |date=June 14, 2014  |access-date=June 14, 2014 |author1= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140614122937/http://www.ame-church.com/our-church |archive-date=June 14, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> The denomination leaders are bishops of the church.

==History==
[[File:Richard Allen.JPG|thumb|Richard Allen]]

===Origins===
The AME Church worked out of the [[Free African Society]] (FAS), which [[Richard Allen (bishop)|Richard Allen]], [[Absalom Jones]], and other free blacks established in Philadelphia in 1787. They left [[St. George's United Methodist Church|St. George's Methodist Episcopal Church]] because of discrimination.<ref name=":0" /> These members erected a site of worship to escape the "unkind treatment of their white brethren, who considered them a nuisance in the house of worship." They were told if they did not give up this space, they would be publicly expelled from the church. They resigned, an action that was supported by some white benefactors, including one who ordained Absalom Jones as their pastor.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Payne |first=Daniel Alexander |url=http://archive.org/details/historyofafrican00payn |title=History of the African Methodist Episcopal church |last2=Smith |first2=Charles Spencer |date=1891 |publisher=Nashville, Tenn., Publishing house of the A. M. E. Sunday-school union |others=Princeton Theological Seminary Library}}</ref>

Although Allen and Jones were both accepted as preachers, they were limited to black congregations. In addition, the blacks were made to sit in a separate gallery built in the church when their portion of the congregation increased. These former members of St. George's made plans to transform their mutual aid society into an African congregation. Although the group was originally non-denominational, eventually members wanted to affiliate with existing denominations.<ref name=":0"> The story of the church founding is retold in the [[1949 in radio|1949]] episode "Apostle of Freedom", a [[radio drama]] presented in [[Richard Durham]]'s ''[[Destination Freedom]]'' anthology series. See: {{OCLC|1323141013}} and {{cite book |editor1-last=MacDonald |editor1-first=J. Fred |editor1-link=J. Fred MacDonald |title=Richard Durham's Destination Freedom |date=1989 |publisher=Praeger |location=New York |isbn=0275931382 |page=x}}</ref>

Allen led a small group who resolved to remain Methodist. They formed the [[Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church|Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church]] in 1793. In general, they adopted the doctrines and form of government of the [[Methodist Episcopal Church]]. In 1794 Bethel AME was dedicated with Allen as pastor. To establish Bethel's independence, Allen successfully sued in the Pennsylvania courts in 1807 and 1815 for the right of his congregation to exist as an institution independent of white Methodist congregations.

Because black Methodists in other middle Atlantic communities also encountered racism and desired religious autonomy, Allen called them to meet in Philadelphia in 1816 to form a new Wesleyan denomination. Sixteen representatives, from Bethel African Church in Philadelphia and African churches in Baltimore, MD, Wilmington, DE, Attleboro, PA, and Salem, NJ, met to form a church organization or connection under the title of the "African Methodist Episcopal Church".<ref>[https://archive.org/details/nationalcycloped01richrich The National Cyclopedia of The Colored Race], Clement Richardson Editor-in-Chief, Volume One, p. 576, National Publishing Company, Inc., Montgomery, Alabama, 1919</ref>

===Growth===
It began with eight clergy and five churches, and by 1846 had grown to 176 clergy, 296 churches, and 17,375 members. Safe villages, like the village of [[Lima, Pennsylvania]], were set up with nearby AME churches and in sometimes involved in the Underground Railroad.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://files.usgwarchives.net/pa/delaware/history/local/lima0001.txt|access-date=16 April 2023|website=usgwarchives.net|title=History: Local: Village of Lima, Middletown Twp, Chester (now Delaware) Co, PA|author=Leslie Potter}}</ref> The 20,000 members in 1856 were located primarily in the North.<ref name="James T. Campbell 1995">James T. Campbell, ''Songs of Zion: The African Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States and South Africa'' (1995)</ref><ref name="A. Nevell Owens 2014">A. Nevell Owens, ''Formation of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in the Nineteenth Century: Rhetoric of Identification'' (2014)</ref> AME national membership (including probationers and preachers) jumped from 70,000 in 1866 to 207,000 in 1876.<ref name="The Annual Cyclopedia 1866, p 492">''The Annual Cyclopedia: 1866'',(1867) p. 492; ''The Annual Cyclopedia: 1876'' (1877) p. 532</ref>

The church also expanded internationally during this period. The [[British Overseas Territory]] of [[Bermuda]], 640 miles from [[Cape Hatteras]], North Carolina, was settled in 1609 by the [[London Company|Virginia Company]] and retained close links with Virginia and the Carolinas (with [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]] settled from Bermuda in 1670 under [[William Sayle]]) for the next two centuries, with Bermudians playing both sides during the American War of Independence, being the point from which the blockade of southern Atlantic ports was maintained and the [[Chesapeake Campaign]] was launched during the [[War of 1812|American War of 1812]], and being the primary port through which European-manufactured weapons and supplies were smuggled into the [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]] during the [[American Civil War]]. Other Bermudians, such as First Sergeant [[Robert John Simmons]] of the [[54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment]], fought to end slavery in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20080809/ISLAND/308099993|title=''Fighting to save America's soul''. The Royal Gazette. 9 August, 2008|date=9 August 2008 |accessdate=16 April 2023}}</ref> Among the numerous residents of the American South with ties to Bermuda was [[Denmark Vesey]], who was brought to [[South Carolina]] from Bermuda as a slave before purchasing his freedom. Vesey was a founder of Mother [[Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church]] before his execution after conviction in a show trial resulting from white hysteria over an alleged conspiracy for a slave revolt in 1822.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20150627/NEWS/150629735|title=''Bermudians remember slain US pastor'', by Owain Johnston-Barnes. The Royal Gazette, City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. Published 27 June, 2015|date=27 June 2015 |accessdate=16 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20131116/ISLAND/131119806|title=''Connections to Charleston, South Carolina'', by Dr Edward Harris. The Royal Gazette, City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda. Published 16 November, 2013|date=16 November 2013 |accessdate=16 April 2023}}</ref>

[[File:St. John African Methodist Episcopal Church Hamilton Parish, Bermuda.jpg|thumb|St. John African Methodist Episcopal Church Hamilton Parish, Bermuda]]
[[File:St. John AME Church Hamilton Parish, Bermuda, Cripple Gate Park sign.jpg|thumb|St. John AME Church 125th anniversary plaque]]
The majority of the population of Bermuda during the first century of settlement was European, with free and enslaved blacks primarily from the Spanish West Indies and Native Americans, primarily from New England (anyone not entirely of European ancestry was counted as ''coloured''). As any child of a coloured and a white parent was counted as coloured, the ratio of the white to coloured population shifted during the course of the 18th century (4,850 whites and 3,514 coloured in 1721; but 4,755 whites and 5,425 coloured in 1811). The [[Anglican Church of Bermuda|Church of England]] was the [[established church]], and was the only church originally permitted to operate in Bermuda. Presbyterians were permitted to have a separate church and to conduct their own services during the 18th century. The Wesleyan Methodists sought to include enslaved blacks and a law was passed by the [[Parliament of Bermuda]] in 1800 barring any but Church of England and Presbyterian ministers from preaching. The Methodist Reverend [[John Stephenson (minister)|John Stephenson]] was incarcerated in December, 1800, for six months for preaching to slaves.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bermudabiographies.bm/Biographies/Biography-John%20Stephenson.html|title=Biography | John Stephenson|accessdate=16 April 2023}}</ref> The law and attitudes changed during the course of the following century, but any church organised by blacks and organising blacks would not be welcomed by the white dominated Government. Stephenson was followed in 1808 by the Reverend [[Joshua Marsden]]. There were 136 members of the Society when Marsden left Bermuda in 1812.

''Susette Harriet Lloyd'' travelled to Bermuda in company with the Church of England's Archdeacon of Bermuda [[Aubrey Spencer]]. Her visit lasted two years, and her "Sketches of Bermuda" (a collection of letters she had written en route to, and during her stay in, Bermuda, and dedicated to Archdeacon Spencer) was published in 1835, immediately following the 1834 abolition of slavery in Bermuda and the remainder of the British Empire (Bermuda elected to end slavery immediately, becoming the first colony to do so, though all other British colonies except for [[Antigua]] availed themselves of an allowance made by the Imperial government enabling them to phase slavery out gradually).<ref>‘’Sketches of Bermuda’’. By Susette Harriet Lloyd. Published by James Cochrane and Co., 11, Waterloo-Place, London. 1835. Printed by W. Wilcockson, Whitefriars. 1835.</ref> Lloyd's book gives a rare contemporary account of Bermudian society immediately prior to the abolition of slavery. Among her many observations of the [[Demographics of Bermuda|people of Bermuda]], Lloyd noted of the coloured population:

{{blockquote|The gleam of Christianity which penetrated the dreary dungeon of their African superstition, was at first so faint that it served rather to discover the gloom than to dispel the darkness which shrouded them; and having embraced the profession of the gospel, they adopted its name without receiving its influence in their heart. It is only within the last five or six years that any ''regular'' system has been adopted to give the coloured people instruction in schools connected with the church of England. This blessing is now imparted to nearly 1000 persons, in which number I do not include those who are educated in the schools under the dissenters, some of which are very flourishing.}}

Lloyd's negative comments on the ''dissenters'' was in reference to the Wesleyan Methodists. The degree of education of coloured Bermudians would be noted by later visitors, also. Christiana Rounds wrote in ''[[Harper's Magazine]]'' (re-published in an advertising pamphlet by A.L Mellen, the Proprietor of the Hamilton Hotel in 1876):<ref>''Bermuda''. By Christiana Rounds. Harper's Magazine. Re-printed in an advertising pamphlet for the Hamilton Hotel by A.L Mellen, Proprietor. Hamilton Hotel, Church Street, City of Hamilton, Pembroke Parish, Bermuda (the hotel was destroyed by arson in the 1950s, and the site is now occupied by the Hamilton City Hall, an adjacent carpark, and the Hamilton Bus Terminal). 1876</ref>

{{blockquote|the colored people deserve some notice, forming, as they do, a large majority of the population. The importation of negroes from Africa ceased long before the abolition of slavery, which may account for the improved type of physiognomy one encounters here. The faces of some are fine, and many of the women are really pretty. They are polite, about as well dressed as anybody, attend all the churches, and are members thereof, are more interested in schools than the poor whites, and a very large proportion of them can both read and write.}}

The foundation stone of a Wesleyan Methodist Chapel was laid in [[St. George's, Bermuda|St. George's Town]] on the 8 June 1840, the local Society (by then numbering 37 class leaders, 489 members, and 20 other communicants) having previously occupied a small, increasingly decrepit building that had been damaged beyond use in a storm in 1839. The inscription on the foundation stone included:<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Communicated |url= |work=The Royal Gazette |location=City of Hamilton, Pembroke, Bermuda |date=1840-06-16 |page=2  |access-date=}}</ref>

{{Blockquote|Mr. James Dawson is the gratuitous Architect; Mr. Robert Lavis Brown, the Overseer. The Lot of Land on which the Chapel is built was purchased, April 24th, 1839, from Miss Caroline Lewis, for Two hundred and fifty pounds currency. The names of the Trustees are, William Arthur Outerbridge, William Gibbons, Thomas Stowe Tuzo, Alfred Tucker Deane, James Richardson, Thomas Richardson, John Stephens, Samuel Rankin Higgs, Robert Lavis Brown, James Andrew Durnford, Thomas Argent Smith, John P. Outerbridge, and Benjamin Burchall.}}

The AME First District website records that in the autumn of 1869, ''three farsighted Christian men—Benjamin Burchall of St. George's, William B. Jennings of Devonshire and Charles Roach Ratteray of Somerset—set in motion the wheels that brought African Methodism to'' Bermuda.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://firstdistrictame.org/bermuda|title=''Welcome to the Bermuda Conference!''. Website of The First Episcopal District of the African Methodist Episcopal Church|accessdate=16 April 2023|archive-date=25 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200725003312/https://firstdistrictame.org/bermuda|url-status=dead}}</ref> By the latter Nineteenth Century, the law in Bermuda specified that any denomination permitted to operate in the United Kingdom should also be permitted in the colony (although only the Church of England, the Presbyterian Church, and the Wesleyan Methodists were permitted to conduct baptisms, weddings and funerals until after the First World War). As the Imperial Government had ruled that the AME Church could operate in the United Kingdom, the first AME church in Bermuda was erected in 1885 in [[Hamilton Parish]], on the shore of Harrington Sound, and titled St. John African Methodist Episcopal Church (the congregation had begun previously as part of the [[British Methodist Episcopal Church]] of Canada).<ref>{{cite book |last=Chudleigh |first=Diana |author-link= |date=2002 |title=Bermuda's Architectural Heritage: Hamilton Parish |url=https://www.bnt.bm/shop1/bermudas-architectural-heritage/bermuda-39-s-architectural-heritage-hamilton-parish-detail |location=Bermuda |publisher=The Bermuda National Trust |page= |isbn= |access-date=2021-08-28 |archive-date=2021-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828012312/https://www.bnt.bm/shop1/bermudas-architectural-heritage/bermuda-39-s-architectural-heritage-hamilton-parish-detail |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although the Church of England (since 1978, titled the Anglican Church of Bermuda) remains the largest denomination in Bermuda (15.8%), the AME quickly flourished (accounting for 8.6% of the population today), overtaking the Wesleyan Methodists (2.7% today).

The rise of the [[Wesleyan-Holiness movement]] in Methodism influenced the African Methodist Episcopal Church, with [[Jarena Lee]] and [[Amanda Smith]] preaching the doctrine of [[entire sanctification]] throughout pulpits of the connexion.<ref name="Ingersol2021">{{cite web |last1=Ingersol |first1=Stan |title=African Methodist Women in the Wesleyan-Holiness Movement |url=https://pbusa.org/202001-stan |publisher=[[Church of the Nazarene]] |access-date=17 June 2021 |language=English }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
[[File:Harris_AME_Zion_Church.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A photograph of a church|AME Zion Church in [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]]]]

===Education===
AME put a high premium on education. In the 19th century, the AME Church of Ohio collaborated with the [[Methodist Episcopal Church]], a predominantly white denomination, in sponsoring the second independent [[Historically black colleges and universities|historically black college (HBCU)]], [[Wilberforce University]] in Ohio. By 1880, AME operated over 2,000 schools, chiefly in the South, with 155,000 students. For school houses they used church buildings; the ministers and their wives were the teachers; the congregations raised the money to keep schools operating at a time the segregated public schools were starved of funds.<ref>William E. Montgomery, ''Under Their Own Vine and Fig Tree: The African-American Church in the South, 1865–1900'' (1993) pp. 148–52.</ref>

===Bishop Turner===
After the America Civil War, Bishop [[Henry McNeal Turner]] (1834–1915) was a major leader of the AME and played a role in Republican Party politics. In 1863 during the American Civil War, Turner was appointed as the first black chaplain in the [[United States Colored Troops]]. Afterward, he was appointed to the [[Freedmen's Bureau]] in Georgia. He settled in Macon, Georgia, and was elected to the state legislature in 1868 during Reconstruction. He planted many AME churches in Georgia after the war.<ref name="Stephen Ward Angell 1992">Stephen Ward Angell, ''Henry McNeal Turner and African-American Religion in the South'', (1992)</ref>

In 1880 he was elected as the first southern bishop of the AME Church after a fierce battle within the denomination. Angered by the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]]' regaining power and instituting [[Jim Crow]] laws in the late nineteenth century South, Turner was the leader of black nationalism and proposed emigration of blacks to Africa.<ref name="Stephen Ward Angell 1992"/>

===Race===
[[File:Obamas at church on Inauguration Day 2013.jpg|thumb|President [[Barack Obama]] and First Lady [[Michelle Obama]] attend a church service at [[Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Church]] in Washington, D.C., on January 20, 2013.<ref name="WashPost-2484124">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obamas-to-attend-church-prior-to-white-house-swearing-in/2013/01/20/735b20ba-6300-11e2-85f5-a8a9228e55e7_story.html |title=Obamas attend church prior to White House swearing-in |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 20, 2013 |issn=0190-8286 |oclc=464372658 |access-date=May 14, 2014 |others=Image credits: Hamil Harris/TWP |first=Hamil R. |last=Harris |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140524103424/http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obamas-to-attend-church-prior-to-white-house-swearing-in/2013/01/20/735b20ba-6300-11e2-85f5-a8a9228e55e7_story.html |archive-date=May 24, 2014 |url-status=live |quote=The president has not a joined a church in Washington and most frequently attends St. John's Church, an Episcopal church close to the White House.}}</ref>]]
The African Methodist Episcopal Church has a unique history as it is the first major religious denomination in the western world that developed because of race rather than theological differences. It was the first African-American denomination organized and incorporated in the United States. The church was born in protest against racial discrimination and slavery. This was in keeping with the Methodist Church's philosophy, whose founder [[John Wesley]] had once called the slave-trade "that execrable sum of all villainies." In the 19th century, the AME Church of Ohio collaborated with the Methodist Episcopal Church, a predominantly white denomination, in sponsoring the second independent historically black college (HBCU), [[Wilberforce University]] in Ohio. Among Wilberforce University's early founders was [[Salmon P. Chase]], then-governor of Ohio and the future [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Secretary of Treasury]] under President [[Abraham Lincoln]].

Other members of the FAS wanted to affiliate with the [[Episcopal Church (United States)|Episcopal Church]] and followed [[Absalom Jones]] in doing that. In 1792, they founded the [[African Episcopal Church of St. Thomas]], the first Episcopal church in the United States with a founding black congregation. In 1804, Jones was ordained as the first black priest in the [[Episcopal Church in the United States of America|Episcopal Church]].

While the AME is doctrinally Methodist, clergy, scholars, and lay persons have written works that demonstrate the distinctive racial theology and ''[[Praxis (Orthodox)|praxis]]'' that have come to define this Wesleyan body. In an address to the 1893 World's Parliament of Religions, Bishop [[Benjamin W. Arnett]] reminded the audience of blacks' influence in the formation of Christianity. Bishop [[Benjamin Tucker Tanner|Benjamin T. Tanner]] wrote in 1895 in ''The Color of Solomon – What?'' that biblical scholars wrongly portrayed the son of David as a white man. In the post-[[civil rights]] era, theologians [[James Cone (theologian)|James Cone]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.utsnyc.edu/Page.aspx?&pid=353|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930193421/http://www.utsnyc.edu/Page.aspx?&pid=353|url-status=dead|title="Dr. Cone is an ordained minister in the (A.M.E.) church." (Union Theological Seminary's URL)|archivedate=September 30, 2011}}</ref> Cecil W. Cone, and Jacqueline Grant, who came from the AME tradition, criticized Euro-centric Christianity and African-American churches for their shortcomings in resolving the plight of those oppressed by racism, sexism, and economic disadvantage.<ref>{{cite book|author-first1=James H. |author-last1=Cone|title=Black theology and black power|edition=2nd|year=1997}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author-first1=Jacquelyn|author-last1=Grant|title=White Woman's Christ and Black Woman's Jesus|year=1989}}</ref>

== Statistics ==
The [[World Council of Churches]] estimates the membership of the AME Church at around 2,510,000; 3,817 pastors, 21 bishops and 7,000 congregations.<ref name="World Council Churches">{{cite web|url=http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/african-methodist-episcopal-church |title=African Methodist Episcopal Church – World Council of Churches |work=oikoumene.org |date=May 14, 2014  |access-date=May 14, 2014 |author= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515013112/http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/african-methodist-episcopal-church |archive-date=May 15, 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="From Archive.org-5347423">{{cite web |url=http://www.oikoumene.org/gr/member-churches/regions/north-america/united-states-of-america/african-methodist-episcopal-church.html |title=African Methodist Episcopal Church |date=October 2, 2012 |access-date=September 15, 2014 |work=oikoumene.org |publisher=World Council of Churches |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121002165139/http://www.oikoumene.org/gr/member-churches/regions/north-america/united-states-of-america/african-methodist-episcopal-church.html |archive-date=October 2, 2012 |url-status=dead |author1=}}</ref>

==Organization==
===General Conference===

The General Conference is the supreme body of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. It is composed of the bishops, as ''[[ex officio]]'' presidents, according to the rank of election, and an equal number of ministerial and lay delegates, elected by each of the annual conferences and the lay electoral colleges of the annual conferences. Other ''ex officio'' members are: the general officers, college presidents, deans of theological seminaries; and chaplains in the regular United States Armed Forces. The General Conference meets every four years, but may have extra sessions in certain emergencies.

At the General Conference of the AME Church, notable and renowned speakers have been invited to address the clergy and laity of the congregation. Such as in 2008, the church invited then Senator [[Barack Obama|Barack H. Obama]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-07-05 |title=Obama preaches to African Methodist Episcopal gathering about self reliance |url=https://www.stlpr.org/government-politics-issues/2008-07-05/obama-preaches-to-african-methodist-episcopal-gathering-about-self-reliance |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=STLPR |language=en}}</ref> and in 2012, the church invited then First Lady of the United States [[Michelle Obama]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-06-30 |title=First Lady Michelle Obama at the African Methodist Episcopal Church's General Conference |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2012/06/30/first-lady-michelle-obama-african-methodist-episcopal-churchs-general-conference |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=whitehouse.gov |language=en}}</ref>

===Council of Bishops===

The Council of Bishops is the executive branch of the church. It has the general oversight of the church during the interim between general conferences. The AME Council of Bishops shall meet annually at such time and place as the majority of the council shall determine and also at such other times as may be deemed necessary in the discharging its responsibility as the executive branch of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. This council shall hold at least two public sessions at each annual meeting. At the first, complaints and petitions against a bishop shall be heard, at the second, the decisions of the council shall be made public. All decisions shall be in writing.

===Board of Incorporators===

The Board of Incorporators, also known as the General Board of Trustees, has the supervision, in trust, of all connectional property of the church and is vested with authority to act in behalf of the AME Church wherever necessary.

===General Board===

The AME General Board is in many respects the administrative body and comprises various departmental commissions made up of the respective treasurer/CFO, the secretary/CIO of the AME Church, the treasurer/CFO and the members of the various commissions, and one bishop as presiding officer with the other bishops associating.

===Judicial Council===

The Judicial Council is the highest judicatory body of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. It is an appellate court, elected by the General Conference and is amenable to it.

=== Bishops ===

==== Four Horsemen: important bishops ====
<gallery>
Image:Richard Allen.JPG|[[Richard Allen (Reverend)|Richard Allen]], founder and first bishop (1816–1841)
Image:William Paul Quinn.jpg|[[William Paul Quinn]], fourth bishop (1849–1873)
Image:Daniel Alexander Payne.jpg|[[Daniel Payne]], sixth bishop (1811–1893)
Image:Henry McNeil Turner.jpg|[[Henry McNeal Turner]], twelfth bishop (1834–1915)
</gallery>

==== Current bishops and assignments ====
{{div col}}
* 1st Episcopal District – Bishop [[Samuel L. Green, Sr.]]
* 2nd Episcopal District – Bishop [[Reginald T. Jackson]]
* 3rd Episcopal District – Bishop [[Stafford J. N. Wicker]]
* 4th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Frederick A. Wright]]
* 5th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Francine A. Brookins, Esq.]]
* 6th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Michael L. Mitchell]]
* 7th Episcopal District – Bishop [[James L. Davis]]
* 8th Episcopal District – Bishop Erika D. Crawford
* 9th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Julius H. McAllister, Jr.]]
* 10th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Ronnie E. Brailsford, Sr.]]
* 11th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Marvin C. Zanders, II]]
* 12th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Silvester S. Beaman]]
* 13th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Harry L. Seawright]]
* 14th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Paul J. M. Kawimbe]]
* 15th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Henry A. Belin, III]]
* 16th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Jeffrey N. Leath]]
* 17th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Vernon R. Byrd, Jr., Esq.]]
* 18th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Jeffery B. Cooper, Sr.]]
* 19th Episcopal District – Senior Bishop [[Wilfred J. Messiah]]
* 20th Episcopal District – Bishop [[Gregory V. Eason, Sr.]]
* Ecumenical Officer and Endorsing Agent– Bishop [[David R. Daniels, Jr.]]
{{div col end}}

==== Retired bishops ====
{{div col}}
* Bishop Frank C. Cummings*
* Bishop Philip R. Cousin, Sr.
* Bishop John R. Bryant
* Bishop Robert V. Webster*
* Bishop T. Larry Kirkland
* Bishop Adam J. Richardson Jr.
* Bishop [[Vashti M. McKenzie]]
* Bishop Gregory G.M. Ingram
* Bishop Preston W. Williams, II
* Bishop [[Carolyn Tyler Guidry]]
* Bishop Julius H. McAllister, Sr.
* Bishop John F. White, Sr.
* Bishop Clement W. Fugh
* Bishop E. Anne Henning-Byfield*
* Bishop Frank M. Reid, III
{{div col end}}
<nowiki>*</nowiki> ''Deceased''

==Ecumenism==
The African Methodist Episcopal Church cooperates with other Methodist bodies through the [[World Methodist Council]] and [[Wesleyan Holiness Connection]].<ref name="Scott2020" />

In May 2012, the African Methodist Episcopal Church entered into [[full communion]] with the racially-integrated [[United Methodist Church]], and the predominantly black/African American members of the [[African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church]], [[African Union Methodist Protestant Church]], [[Christian Methodist Episcopal Church]], and [[Union American Methodist Episcopal Church]], in which these churches agreed to "recognize each other's churches, share sacraments, and affirm their clergy and ministries", bringing a semblance of unity and reconciliation to those church bodies which follow in the footsteps of [[John Wesley|John]] and [[Charles Wesley]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.christianitytoday.com/ctliveblog/archives/2012/05/methodists_reac.html |title=Methodists Reach Across Historic Racial Boundaries with Communion Pact |last=Banks |first=Adelle M. |date=7 May 2012 |publisher=Christianity Today |access-date=11 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626094704/http://blog.christianitytoday.com/ctliveblog/archives/2012/05/methodists_reac.html |archive-date=26 June 2012 }}</ref>

==Doctrine==
{{further|Methodist theology}}
The AME motto, "God Our Father, Christ Our Redeemer, Holy Spirit Our Comforter, Humankind Our Family", reflects the basic beliefs of the African Methodist Episcopal Church.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Motto |url=https://www.ame-church.com/our-church/our-motto/ |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=AME Church |language=en-US}}</ref>

The basic foundations of the beliefs of the church can be summarized in the [[Apostles' Creed]], and the 25 [[Articles of Religion (Methodist)|Articles of Religion]], held in common with other Methodist denominations. The church also observes the official bylaws of the AME Church. The "Doctrine and Discipline of the African Methodist Episcopal Church" is revised at every AME General Conference and published every four years. The AME Church also follows the rule that a minister of the denomination must retire at age 75,<ref>{{Cite news|url = http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/faith_and_values/2008/03/21/webster.ART_ART_03-21-08_B7_AH9M5IK.html|title = Legacy of retiring AME bishop includes health center|last = Heagney|first = Meredith|date = March 21, 2008|work = [[The Columbus Dispatch]]|access-date = June 18, 2015}}</ref> with bishops, more specifically, being required to retire upon the general conference nearest their 75th birthday.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.ame-church.com/our-church/our-structure/|title = Our Structure|access-date = June 18, 2015|website = African Methodist Episcopal Church}}</ref>

=== Social issues ===
The AME Church is active regarding issues of social justice and has invested time in reforming the criminal justice system.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ame-church.com/social-action-commission-focus-on-baltimore/|title=Social Action Commission – Focus on Baltimore – AME Church|date=2015-05-01|website=AME Church|language=en-US|access-date=2016-05-05|archive-date=2016-05-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521005650/http://ame-church.com/social-action-commission-focus-on-baltimore/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The AME Church also opposes "elective abortion".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.religioustolerance.org/abo_hist1.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011129105735/http://www.religioustolerance.org/abo_hist1.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=November 29, 2001|title=Current abortion beliefs of religious groups|website=www.religioustolerance.org|access-date=2016-05-05}}</ref> On women's issues, the AME has supported gender equality and, in 2000, first elected a woman to become bishop.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/12/us/after-213-years-ame-church-elects-first-woman-as-a-bishop.html|title=After 213 Years, A.M.E. Church Elects First Woman as a Bishop|last=Goodstein|first=Laurie|date=2000-07-12|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-05-05}}</ref>

While always being open to people of all racial backgrounds, the AME has advocated for the civil and human rights of ethnic minorities, such as African Americans, through social improvement, religious autonomy, and political engagement.<ref name="FreelonThomas2019" />

The African Methodist Episcopal Church unanimously voted to forbid ministers from [[Blessing of same-sex unions in Christian churches|blessing same-sex unions]] in July 2004.<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church">{{cite web|title=Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church|url=http://www.hrc.org/issues/4957.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091121220941/http://www.hrc.org/issues/4957.htm|archive-date=2009-11-21|access-date=2009-11-25|publisher=The Human Rights Campaign}}</ref><ref name="Washington Post - Gay Blacks Feeling Strained Church Ties">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A17057-2004Nov1.html|title=Gay Blacks Feeling Strained Church Ties|publisher=The Human Rights Campaign|access-date=2009-11-25 | first=Darryl | last=Fears | date=2004-11-02}}</ref> The church leaders stated that homosexual activity "clearly contradicts [their] understanding of Scripture" and that the call of the African Methodist Episcopal Church "is to hear the voice of God in our Scriptures".<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church" /> In the same year, the General Conference voted to "appoint a sexual ethics discernment committee to make recommendations to the denomination about LGBTQ matters."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-09|title=AME General Conference votes to form committee to study LGBTQ issues|url=https://religionnews.com/2021/07/09/ame-general-conference-votes-to-form-committee-to-study-lgbtq-issues/|access-date=2021-07-22|website=Religion News Service|language=en-US}}</ref> As of 2015, "the AME Church's Doctrine and Discipline [had] no explicit policy regarding gay clergy."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gay pastor's removal brings sadness, defiance |url=https://www.umnews.org/en/news/gay-pastors-removal-brings-sadness-defiance |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=United Methodist News Service |language=en}}</ref> Regarding LGBT clergy, in 2003, Bishop Richard Franklin Norris declared his position for his region of the African Methodist Episcopal Church and instructed pastors of the denomination to read it to their congregations:<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church" />
{{quotation|The official position of the African Methodist Episcopal Church is not in favor of the ordination of openly gay persons to the ranks of clergy in our church. This position reaffirms our published position papers, public statements and prior rulings, all of which indicate that we do not support the ordination of openly gay persons.<ref name="HRC - Stances of Faiths on LGBT Issues: African Methodist Episcopal Church"/>}}

In 2021, the AME General Conference voted against a motion to allow same-sex marriages in church, but confirmed that "it does not bar LGBTQ individuals from serving as pastors or otherwise leading the denomination."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Post |first=Kathryn |date=2021-07-07 |title=AME General Conference debate on same-sex marriage continues after bill is voted down |url=https://religionnews.com/2021/07/07/the-ame-general-conference-will-consider-bill-on-same-sex-marriage/ |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=Religion News Service |language=en-US}}</ref> The same AME General Conference voted "to appoint a sexual ethics discernment committee to make recommendations to the denomination about LGBTQ matters."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-11 |title=African Methodist Episcopal Church to Form Sexual Ethics Discernment Committee {{!}} The Banner |url=https://www.thebanner.org/news/2021/07/african-methodist-episcopal-church-to-form-sexual-ethics-discernment-committee |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=www.thebanner.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=AME general conference votes to form committee to study LGBTQ issues |url=https://www.christiancentury.org/article/news/ame-general-conference-votes-form-committee-study-lgbtq-issues |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=The Christian Century |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Medium |first=Seattle |date=2021-07-26 |title=AME Church Elects New Leadership And Begins LGBTQ+ Discernment Process At 2021 General Conference |url=https://seattlemedium.com/ame-church-elects-new-leadership-and-begins-lgbtq-discernment-process-at-2021-general-conference/ |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=The Seattle Medium |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2024, the AME General Conference voted against allowing same-sex marriage, the vote was 896 to 722; following that vote, the Conference voted to continue the "sexual ethics discernment committee" through 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Recorder |first1=The Christian |last2=Admin |date=2024-08-27 |title=Business Session 10 |url=https://www.thechristianrecorder.com/articles/business-session-10/ |access-date=2024-08-27 |website=The Christian Recorder |language=en-US}}</ref>

The AME Church voted to take "a stand against climate change".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.episcopalcafe.com/african-methodist-episcopal-church-passes-climate-resolution/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160726134258/http://www.episcopalcafe.com/african-methodist-episcopal-church-passes-climate-resolution/|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 26, 2016|title=African Methodist Episcopal Church Passes Climate Resolution|date=2016-07-25|language=en-US|access-date=2016-07-26}}</ref>

==Schools==
The African Methodist Episcopal Church has been one of the forerunners of education within the African-American community.

Former colleges and universities of the AME Church:
{{div col}}
* [[Bishop Ward Normal and Collegiate Institute]] (1883–1890), [[Huntsville, Texas]]
* [[Campbell College (Mississippi)]] (1890–1964), [[Jackson, Mississippi]]; now part of [[Jackson State University]]
* [[Turner Normal and Industrial School]] (1886–1932), [[Shelbyville, Tennessee]], moved to [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]] in 1930<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Murphy |first1=Larry G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fxsmAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Turner+College%22&pg=PA772 |title=Encyclopedia of African American Religions |last2=Melton |first2=J. Gordon |last3=Ward |first3=Gary L. |date=2013-11-20 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-135-51338-2 |pages=772 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Wayman Institute]] (1890–1919), [[Harrodsburg, Kentucky]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wayman Institute |url=https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/468 |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=Notable Kentucky African Americans Database (nkaa.uky.edu)}}</ref>
* [[Western University (Kansas)|Western University]] (1865–1943), [[Quindaro, Kansas]]
{{div col end}}

Senior colleges within the United States:
{{div col}}
* [[Allen University]], Columbia, South Carolina
* [[Edward Waters College]], Jacksonville, Florida
* [[Morris Brown College]], Atlanta, Georgia
* [[Paul Quinn College]], Dallas, Texas
* [[Wilberforce University]], Wilberforce, Ohio
{{div col end}}

Junior colleges within the United States:
* [[Shorter College (Arkansas)|Shorter College]], North Little Rock, Arkansas

Theological seminaries within the United States:
{{div col}}
* Dickerson-Green Theological Seminary
* [[Jackson Theological Seminary]]
* [[Payne Theological Seminary]]
* [[Turner Theological Seminary]]
{{div col end}}

Foreign colleges and universities:
* [[African Methodist Episcopal University]], Liberia
* [[RR Wright Theological Seminary]], South Africa

==Notable people==
{{div col}}
* [[Sarah Allen (missionary)|Sarah Allen]] (1764–1849), Richard Allen's wife, who founded the Daughters of the Conference.
* Bishop [[Vinton Randolph Anderson]] (1927–2014), first African American to be elected President of the [[World Council of Churches]], headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland (served 1991–1998); author of ''My Soul Shouts'' and subject of an edited work (Gayraud Wilmore & Louis Charles Harvey, editors), ''A Model of A Servant Bishop''; first native Bermudian elected a bishop in any church/denomination.
* [[Harriet Baker]] (1829–1913), Pennsylvania evangelist and one of the earliest African American women authorized to preach in the AME Church.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Jessie Carney |url=http://archive.org/details/notableblackamer00jess |title=Notable Black American Women |date=1996 |publisher=Gale Research |isbn=978-0-8103-9177-2 |location=New York |pages=24–26 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Daniel Blue (church administrator)|Daniel Blue]] (1796–1884), founder of the [[Saint Andrews African Methodist Episcopal Church (Sacramento, California)|Saint Andrews African Methodist Episcopal Church]] in Sacramento, California; the first AME church on the West Coast and the first black church in California.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Daniel Blue, Church Administrator born |url=https://aaregistry.org/story/daniel-blue-church-administrator-born/ |access-date=2023-01-29 |website=African American Registry (AAREG) |language=en}}</ref>
* [[H. H. Brookins]] (1925-2012), bishop and political power broker
* [[John M. Brown]] (1817–1893) bishop, leader in the [[Underground Railroad]]. He helped open a number of churches and schools, including the Payne Institute which became [[Allen University]] in [[Columbia, South Carolina]] and [[Paul Quinn College]] in [[Waco, Texas]]. He was also an early principal of Union Seminary which became [[Wilberforce University]]
* [[Jamal Harrison Bryant]] (born 1971), founded Empowerment Temple (AME Church) in Baltimore in 2000 with a congregation of 43 people. Today more than 7,500 members attend weekly services at this large influential congregation.
* [[Richard H. Cain|Bishop Richard Harvey Cain]], elected member of U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina during Reconstruction era.
* Bishop [[William D. Chappelle]] (1857–1925), was president of [[Allen University]] in Columbia, South Carolina from 1897 to 1899.
* [[Daniel Coker]] (1780–1846), born "Issac Wright" in [[Baltimore]], Maryland to mixed-race parents. Famous preacher and abolitionist. Ordained deacon in the new [[Methodist Episcopal Church]] by Bishop [[Francis Asbury]] in 1802 in Baltimore. Led [http://bethel1.org/about-us/history/ Bethel AME Church] in Baltimore. Participated in the organization of the national AME Church in Philadelphia in 1816. By 1820, sent as missionary to Sierra Leone, British colony in West Africa and considered founder of national Methodist Church there.
* [[Dennis C. Dickerson]], Director of the Research and Scholarship and Professor at Vanderbilt University (retired).
* Bishop [[William Heard (minister)|William Heard]] (1850–1937), AME minister and educator. Appointed by the U.S. government as "Minister Resident/Consul General" to Republic of [[Liberia]], (1895–1898).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/po/com/10906.htm|title=Liberia|first=Bureau of Public Affairs|last=Department Of State. The Office of Electronic Information|website=2001-2009.state.gov}}</ref>
* [[King Solomon Dupont]], AME clergy member who in the 1950s was the first African-American to seek public office in northern Florida since the [[Reconstruction era]]; in 1955, as Vice President of the Tallahassee Civic Association, he led a bus boycott, in which protesters lives were threatened, simultaneous to the [[Montgomery bus boycott]] led by [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] in Montgomery, Alabama.
* [[Orishatukeh Faduma]], (1855–1946), African American missionary and educator.
* [[Floyd H. Flake]] (born 1945), former U.S. Congressman from New York State (1986–1998); senior pastor of the Greater Allen AME Cathedral in [[Jamaica, New York]]; former President of [[Wilberforce University]]
* [[Sarah E. Gorham]], first female missionary from AME church, dying in Liberia in 1894.
* Bishop [[Carolyn Tyler Guidry]] (born 1937), second female AME bishop in church history.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehistorymakers.org/biography/bishop-carolyn-tyler-guidry|title=Bishop Carolyn Tyler Guidry's Biography|website=The HistoryMakers}}</ref>
* Bishop [[Vashti Murphy McKenzie]], first female AME bishop in church history, best-selling author.
* [[Lyman S. Parks]] (1917–2009), Mayor of [[Grand Rapids, Michigan]] (1971–1976); Pastor of First Community AME Church in Grand Rapids.<ref>{{cite web|last=Harger|first=Jim|title=Lyman Parks, first black mayor of Grand Rapids, dies at 92|url=http://www.mlive.com/news/grand-rapids/index.ssf/2009/11/former_grand_rapids_mayor_lyma.html|work=Online Newspaper|date=4 November 2009|publisher=Grand Rapids Press|access-date=9 July 2011}}</ref>
* Bishop [[Daniel Payne]] (1811–1893), historian, educator and AME minister. First African-American president of an African-American university, [[Wilberforce University]], in the U.S.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/78/Bishop_Daniel_Payne_lead_with_mind_and_spirit |title=African American Registry: Bishop Daniel Payne lead with mind and spirit |access-date=2005-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051109133059/http://www.aaregistry.com/african_american_history/78/Bishop_Daniel_Payne_lead_with_mind_and_spirit |archive-date=2005-11-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Bishop [[Reverdy C. Ransom|Reverdy Cassius Ransom]] (1861–1959), one of the founders of [[National Association for the Advancement of Colored People|NAACP]] via [[Niagara Movement|''The Niagara Movement'']].
* [[Thomas W. Stringer|T. W. Stringer]] (1815–1897), a freeman from Canada and first pastor of [[Bethel AME Church of Vicksburg]] in [[Vicksburg, Mississippi|Vicksburg]], Mississippi, founded in 1864 as Mississippi's first AME church. At Bethel AME in Vickbsurg, he established the [[T.W. Stringer Grand Lodge]] of [[Freemasonry]], Mississippi's first [[Masonic Lodge]].
* [[Frank M. Reid III]] (born 1951), Pastor of the Bethel AME Church in Baltimore<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bethel1.org/|title=Home|website=bethel1.org}}</ref> from 1988 to 2016. Reid started ''The Bethel Outreach of Love Broadcast''; Bethel was the first AME Church to have an international TV broadcast. Was selected as the 26th most influential person in Baltimore by local regional publication, ''[[Baltimore (magazine)|Baltimore Magazine]]''. His congregation's members include the mayor and city comptroller of Baltimore. He consulted for the TV show ''[[Amen (TV series)|Amen]]'', and guest starred several times on the popular HBO cable TV series ''[[The Wire (TV series)|The Wire]]''. As of 2016, he was elevated to episcopal service as the [https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore-city/bs-md-ci-reid-farewell-20160828-story.html 138th bishop] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511201753/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/baltimore-city/bs-md-ci-reid-farewell-20160828-story.html |date=2019-05-11 }} of the AME Church.
* [[Hiram Rhodes Revels]], first African American to serve in the [[United States Senate]], representing Mississippi from 1870 to 1871.
* [[Calvin H. Sydnor III]], the 20th Editor of ''The Christian Recorder'', the official newspaper of the African Methodist Episcopal Church (www.the-Christian-recorder.org)
* Bishop [[Benjamin Tucker Tanner]] (1835–1923), author of ''An Apology for African Methodism'' (1867), editor of the ''Christian Recorder'', AME publication, and founder of the ''AME Church Review''. As a bishop, presided over AME parishes, first, in Canada, Bermuda, and the West Indies, later, in New England, New York, New Jersey, and eastern Pennsylvania.
* [[D. Ormonde Walker]], 66th bishop of the AME Church and 10th president of [[Wilberforce University]]
* [[Thomas Marcus Decatur Ward]] (1823–1894), AME missionary, preacher, church leader, and [[Abolitionism|abolitionist]]
* Bishop [[Alexander Walker Wayman]] (1821–1895), born free in [[Caroline County, Maryland]], joined AME Church in 1840, ordained minister three years later. Served as minister of Bethel AME Church in [[Baltimore]] (founded 1785), then located on East Saratoga near North [[Charles Street (Baltimore)|Charles]], [[St. Paul Street (Baltimore)|St. Paul Street/Place]] (currently [[James H. Preston|Preston Gardens]]), and [[St. Paul Street-Calvert Street|North Calvert Streets]], led "Negro/Colored" delegation in President [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s funeral procession through Baltimore during stop during train trip back to Springfield, Illinois, April 1865. Lived on Hamilton Street alley behind [[First Unitarian Church (Baltimore, Maryland)|First Unitarian Church]] off North Charles and West Franklin Streets.<ref>See: Balto. City Heritage Area marker on site with sketch.</ref>
* [[Jamye Coleman Williams]] (1918–2022), educator, community leader. Former editor of the ''AME Church Review''; recipient of the [[NAACP]] Presidential Award (1999).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/biography.asp?bioindex=637&category=religionMakers |title=The HistoryMakers |access-date=2005-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060101133705/http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/biography.asp?bioindex=637&category=ReligionMakers |archive-date=2006-01-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Rev Clive Pillay]] (born 1953): community leader. Field Reporter ''The Christian Recorder'', Former Founder ICY: [[UDF – Inter Church Youth]]
* [[Jarena Lee]] (1783–1864): First woman preacher in the AME church given the blessing to do so by founder, Richard Allen. Prominent AME leader in the [[Wesleyan-Holiness movement]]. The First African American woman in the United States to have an autobiography published.<ref name="Ingersol2021"/>
* [[Juliann Jane Tillman]]: woman preacher in the AME Church, was well known for her widely reproduced 1844 lithograph portrait.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Free Blacks in the Antebellum Period |url=https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/african-american-odyssey/free-blacks-in-the-antebellum-period.html#obj5 |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=Library of Congress|date=9 February 1998 }}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Christianity|United States}}
* ''[[A.M.E. Church Review]]'', quarterly journal of the African Methodist Episcopal Church
* [[Religion of Black Americans]]
* [[African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church]]
* [[Black church]]
* [[British Methodist Episcopal Church]] in Canada
* [[Christian Methodist Episcopal Church]]
* [[Churches Uniting in Christ]] (formerly the Consultation on Church Union [COCU] – founded 1960).
* [[List of African Methodist Episcopal churches]]
* [[Christianity in the United States]]
* [[:Category:African Methodist Episcopal bishops]]
* [[:Category:Universities and colleges affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church]]
* [[14th District of the African Methodist Episcopal Church]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Bailey, Julius H. ''Race Patriotism Protest and Print Culture in the AME Church.'' Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 2012.
* Campbell, James T. ''Songs of Zion: The African Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States and South Africa.'' New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
* [[James Cone (theologian)|Cone, James]]. God Our Father, Christ Our Redeemer, Man Our Brother: A Theological Interpretation of the AME Church, ''AME Church Review'', vol. 106, no. 341 (1991).
* Dickerson, Dennis C. ''The African Methodist Episcopal Church'' (Cambridge University Press 2020) [https://www.amazon.com/African-Methodist-Episcopal-Church-History/dp/0521153964/ excerpt], a major scholarly history.
* Gregg, Howard D. ''History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church: The Black Church in Action.'' Nashville, TN: Henry A. Belin, Jr., 1980.
* Owens, A. Nevell. ''Formation of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in the Nineteenth Century: Rhetoric of Identification'' (Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014) {{ISBN|1349466212}}
* Sack, Kevin. ''Mother Emanuel: Two Centuries of Race, Resistance, and Forgiveness in One Charleston Church'' (2025) [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Mother_Emanuel/EQQfEQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%27%27Mother+Emanuel:+Two+Centuries+of+Race,&pg=PP1&printsec=frontcover online]

* Wayman, Alexander W. [https://archive.org/stream/cyclopaediaofafr00waym#page/n5/mode/2up ''Cyclopaedia of African Methodism.''] Baltimore: Methodist Episcopal Book Depository, 1882.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{official website}}
* [https://www.thechristianrecorder.com/ Official website of ''The Christian Recorder'']
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040929222144/http://www.wms-amec.org/ Women's Missionary Society of the AME church]
* [http://www.amecdes.com/ AMEC Office of Employment Security]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060210012942/http://www.amestorehouse.com/ AME Church Storehouse]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091020132541/http://www.ameglobalmissions.org/ AME Church Department of Global Witness & Ministry]
* [http://commons.ptsem.edu/payne AME Digital Archives at Payne College]
* [https://ameced.com/ AMEC Department of Christian Education]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050408083123/http://www.amec-connectionallay.org/ The AMEC Lay Organization]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060819042915/http://www.rayac.org/rayac.htm Richard Allen Young Adult Council]
* [https://www.amechealth.org/ AMECHealth.org The Official AME Health Commission]

{{Methodist Episcopal Church}}
{{National Council of Churches members}}
{{Black church}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:African Methodist Episcopal Church| ]]
[[Category:1816 establishments in Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Historically African-American Christian denominations]]
[[Category:History of Methodism in the United States]]
[[Category:Members of the National Council of Churches]]
[[Category:Members of the World Council of Churches]]
[[Category:Methodist denominations established in the 19th century]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in 1816]]

Minister of Finance (New Zealand)

2025-10-04T19:38:15Z

2A00:23C6:F3CF:F01:E170:52C6:A3A8:74E5:

{{Short description|New Zealand minister of the Crown}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=November 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Minister of Finance
| body =
| native_name =
| flag = Flag of New Zealand.svg
| flagsize =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption = [[Flag of New Zealand]]
| insignia = [[File:Coat of arms of New Zealand.svg|120px]]
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption = [[Coat of Arms of New Zealand]]
| image = [[File:Nicola Willis 2023 (cropped).png|160px]]
| imagesize =
| alt =
| incumbent = [[Nicola Willis]]
| incumbentsince = 27 November 2023
| type =
| status =
| department = [[New Zealand Treasury|The Treasury]]
| style = [[The Honourable]]
| member_of = * [[Cabinet of New Zealand]]
* [[Executive Council of New Zealand|Executive Council]]
| reports_to = [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|Prime Minister]]
| residence =
| seat = [[Wellington]]
| nominator = Prime Minister
| appointer = [[Governor-General of New Zealand]]
| appointer_qualified = on the [[Advice (constitutional)|advice]] of the prime minister
| termlength = [[At His Majesty's pleasure]]
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| precursor =
| formation = 3 May 1841
| first = [[George Cooper (public servant)|George Cooper]] as Colonial Treasurer
| last =
| abolished =
| succession =
| abbreviation =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary = $288,900<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parliament.nz/media/3151/parliamentary-salaries-and-allowances-determination-2016.pdf |title=Parliamentary Salaries and Allowances Determination 2016 |website=Parliament.nz |access-date=20 January 2017}}</ref>
| website = [https://www.beehive.govt.nz/portfolio/Finance www.beehive.govt.nz]
}} {{Politics of New Zealand}}

The '''minister of Finance''' ({{langx|mi|Minita mo nga Moni}}), originally known as '''colonial treasurer''', is a [[Ministers in the New Zealand Government|minister]] and the head of the [[New Zealand Treasury]], responsible for producing an annual [[New Zealand Budget]] outlining the government's proposed expenditure. The position is often considered to be the most important [[Cabinet of New Zealand|cabinet]] post after that of the [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|prime minister]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Clifton |first=Jane |date=19 September 2013 |title=Influentials: Politics |work=[[New Zealand Listener]] |url=http://www.listener.co.nz/current-affairs/politics/influentials-politics/ |access-date=15 November 2013}}</ref>

The current Minister of Finance is [[Nicola Willis]]. There are currently three associate minister roles held by [[Chris Bishop]], [[David Seymour]], and [[Shane Jones]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ministerial List |url=https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/ministers-and-their-portfolios/ministerial-list |access-date=14 June 2022 |publisher=[[Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)|Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet]]}}</ref>

==Responsibilities and powers==
{{more citations needed section|date=December 2017}}
One of the Minister of Finance's key roles involves the framing of the annual year [[New Zealand Budget|budget]]. According to Parliament's [[Parliamentary procedure|Standing Orders]], the Minister of Finance may veto any parliamentary bill which would have a significant impact on the government's budget plans. The Minister of Finance supervises [[New Zealand Treasury|the Treasury]], which is the government's primary advisor on matters of economic and financial policy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ministerial Portfolio: Finance |url=https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/cabinet/portfolios/finance |access-date=29 December 2017 |publisher=The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |language=en-NZ |newspaper=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC)}}</ref> As such, the Minister of Finance has broad control of the government's spending, making the position quite powerful.

Some analysts, such as Jonathan Boston, claim that the Minister of Finance can sometimes hold more influence than the Prime Minister, if the conditions are right. [[Gordon Coates]], Finance Minister in the early 1930s, was sometimes such a figure. Some political scientists, such as Boston, believe that in the government of [[David Lange]], Minister of Finance [[Roger Douglas]] held more power than was proper, and that the Treasury was using its control of government finances to take a supervisory role across the whole administration. It was probably for this reason that Lange's successor, [[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Geoffrey Palmer]], established the [[Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)|Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet]], which could offer the Prime Minister advice independent of that given by individual ministers.

==History==
The office of Minister of Finance has existed since 1841.<ref name="NZETC Cooper2">{{cite book |author=Cyclopedia Company Limited |url=https://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc01Cycl-t1-body-d3-d7-d4.html#name-413742-mention |title=The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Wellington Provincial District |year=1897 |location=Wellington |chapter=Mr. George Cooper |access-date=12 June 2010}}</ref> Apart from the office of Prime Minister itself, the only other cabinet posts to have existed since the first cabinet are those of [[Attorney-General (New Zealand)|Attorney-General]] and [[Minister of Internal Affairs (New Zealand)|Minister of Internal Affairs]]. Originally, the holder of the post was designated "Colonial Treasurer", but this term was replaced with "Minister of Finance" shortly after New Zealand ceased to be a Colony and became a Dominion. This occurred in 1907, during the cabinet of [[Joseph Ward]].

In the past, several Prime Ministers took on the post of Minister of Finance themselves, though in recent times this practice has declined. [[Robert Muldoon]], the last Prime Minister to also serve as his own Minister of Finance, created considerable controversy by doing so. It is more common, however, for a [[Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand|Deputy Prime Minister]] to serve as Minister of Finance. [[Bob Tizard]], [[Michael Cullen (politician)|Michael Cullen]], [[Bill English]] and [[Grant Robertson]] served as Deputy Prime Minister when in the position as Minister of Finance.

Traditionally Ministers of Finance rank second or third in seniority lists within Westminster-style Cabinets, although initially [[Harry Lake]] was ranked at sixth and his successor [[Robert Muldoon]] was ranked at eighth; both because of their short service to date in Parliament, and because [[Keith Holyoake]] saw Muldoon as too arrogant and ambitious for his own good. In the [[Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand|Hipkins Cabinet]], Grant Robertson was ranked fourth, although he was the most senior minister who was not the [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|prime minister]], [[Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand|deputy prime minister]], or [[Deputy Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party|deputy leader of the Labour Party]].

== Junior ministerial appointments in the finance portfolio ==
The convention of making a second, more junior appointment in the Finance portfolio began with Holyoake, who appointed Muldoon as an Assistant Minister to Lake shortly before the latter's death in 1967.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |title=Ministers and Members in the New Zealand Parliament |publisher=University of Otago Press |year=1996 |isbn=1-877133-00-0 |editor-last=Wood |editor-first=G.A. |edition=2nd |location=Dunedin}}</ref> Some successive Prime Ministers made similar appointments of an Associate Minister of Finance (for example, [[Jack Marshall|Marshall]] and [[Norman Kirk|Kirk]]) but this was not always done ([[Bill Rowling|Rowling]], for example, who had [[Mick Connelly]] as his associate while serving as Finance Minister did not appoint an associate Minister after succeeding to the premiership in 1974).<ref name=":02" /> Associate appointments became standard when Muldoon served concurrently as both Prime Minister and Finance Minister.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Easton |first=Dr Brian |title=The Commercialisation of New Zealand |publisher=University of Auckland Press |year=1997 |isbn=1869401735 |location=Auckland |pages=74}}</ref> In his second term, Muldoon appointed both a Deputy Minister of Finance ([[Hugh Templeton]]) as well as an associate Minister ([[Derek Quigley]]). Muldoon's successors Lange and Palmer continued to have a three-strong Finance team, each appointing two associate Ministers to support their respective Ministers of Finance.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":12" /> At times, the appointment of associate ministers was intended to temper the [[Rogernomics|reform ambitions]] of [[Roger Douglas]].<ref name=":12" />

In the coalition governments formed in 1996, 2017 and 2023, responsibility for Finance was shared between the parties. After the 1996 elections, the role of the Minister of Finance was formally split between two portfolios – that of Minister of Finance and that of Treasurer. The position of Treasurer was senior to that of the Minister of Finance, and was created as part of the coalition agreement between the [[New Zealand National Party|National Party]] and [[New Zealand First]]. It was established especially for [[Winston Peters]], leader of New Zealand First, who demanded it as part of the deal. When Peters ended the coalition, the position reverted to the National Party. After the change of government in 1999, both positions were held concurrently by Michael Cullen before they were combined into the old Minister of Finance portfolio in 2002.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Ministers and Members in the New Zealand Parliament: 1996-2005 |publisher=Tarkwode Press |year=2006 |isbn=0-9597868-2-1 |editor-last=Spanhake |editor-first=Craig |location=Dunedin}}</ref> Associate Finance roles were won in coalition negotiations by New Zealand First, the [[Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand|Green Party]] and [[ACT New Zealand]] in the formation of both the [[Sixth Labour Government of New Zealand|Sixth Labour Government]] and the [[Sixth National Government of New Zealand|Sixth National Government]].

== List of finance ministers ==

; Key

{{legend inline|{{party color|Independent politician}}|[[Independent politician|Independent]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}|[[New Zealand Liberal Party|Liberal]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}|[[Reform Party (New Zealand)|Reform]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|United Party (New Zealand)}}|[[United Party (New Zealand)|United]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}|[[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}|[[New Zealand National Party|National]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |No.
!Name
!Portrait
! colspan="2" |Term of office
! colspan="2" |Prime Minister
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!1
|[[George Cooper (public servant)|George Cooper]]
|[[File:George_Cooper_NZ.jpg|103x103px|George Cooper NZ]]
|5 January 1840
|9 May 1842
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| rowspan="2" |''none''
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!2
|[[Alexander Shepherd (public servant)|Alexander Shepherd]]
|[[File:No_image.png|75x75px]]
|9 May 1842
|7 May 1856
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!3
|[[Dillon Bell]]
|[[File:Francis_Dillon_Bell_1881.jpg|109x109px]]
|7 May 1856
|20 May 1856
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Henry Sewell|Sewell]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!4
|[[Charles Brown (New Zealand politician)|Charles Brown]]
|[[File:No_image.png|75x75px]]
|20 May 1856
|2 June 1856
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[William Fox (politician)|Fox]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!5
|[[Henry Sewell]]
|[[File:Henry_Sewell,_ca_1872.jpg|102x102px]]
|2 June 1856
|4 November 1856
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[Edward Stafford (politician)|Stafford]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!6
|[[William Richmond (politician)|William Richmond]]
|[[File:C_William_Richmond_1888.jpg|102x102px]]
|4 November 1856
|25 February 1859
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(5)
|[[Henry Sewell]]
|[[File:Henry_Sewell,_ca_1872.jpg|102x102px]]
|25 February 1859
|26 April 1859
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(6)
|[[William Richmond (politician)|William Richmond]]
|[[File:C_William_Richmond_1888.jpg|102x102px]]
|26 April 1859
|12 July 1861
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!7
|[[Reader Wood]]
|[[File:Reader_Wood.jpg|102x102px]]
|12 July 1861
|6 August 1862
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[William Fox (politician)|Fox]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(3)
|[[Dillon Bell]]
|[[File:Francis_Dillon_Bell_1881.jpg|109x109px]]
|6 August 1862
|21 August 1862
| style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Alfred Domett|Domett]]
|-
! height="15" style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
! rowspan="2" |(7)
| rowspan="2" |[[Reader Wood]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Reader_Wood.jpg|102x102px]]
| rowspan="2" |21 August 1862
| rowspan="2" |24 November 1864
| style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|-
! height="15" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Frederick Whitaker|Whitaker]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!8
|[[William Fitzherbert (New Zealand politician)|William Fitzherbert]]
|[[File:William_Fitzherbert.jpg|99x99px]]
|24 November 1864
|16 October 1865
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Frederick Weld|Weld]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!9
|[[Edward Stafford (politician)|Edward Stafford]]
|[[File:Edward_William_Stafford.jpg|97x97px]]
|31 October 1865
|12 June 1866
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Edward Stafford (politician)|Stafford]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!10
|[[Francis Jollie]]
|[[File:Francis_Jollie_-_Crop.jpg|95x95px]]
|12 June 1866
|24 August 1866
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(8)
|[[William Fitzherbert (New Zealand politician)|William Fitzherbert]]
|[[File:William_Fitzherbert.jpg|99x99px]]
|24 August 1866
|28 June 1869
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!11
|[[Julius Vogel]]
|[[File:Julius_Vogel,_ca_1870s.jpg|98x98px]]
|28 June 1869
|10 September 1872
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[William Fox (politician)|Fox]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!12
|[[Thomas Gillies]]
|[[File:Thomas_Gillies.jpg|83x83px]]
|10 September 1872
|11 October 1872
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Edward Stafford (politician)|Stafford]]
|-
! rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
! rowspan="3" |(11)
| rowspan="3" |[[Julius Vogel]]
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Julius_Vogel,_ca_1870s.jpg|98x98px]]
| rowspan="3" |11 October 1872
| rowspan="3" |6 July 1875
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[George Waterhouse (politician)|Waterhouse]]
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[William Fox (politician)|Fox]]
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Julius Vogel|Vogel]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!13
|[[Harry Atkinson]]
|[[File:Sir_Harry_Albert_Atkinson,_ca_1885.jpg|103x103px]]
|6 July 1875
|15 February 1876
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Daniel Pollen|Pollen]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(11)
|[[Julius Vogel]]
|[[File:Julius_Vogel,_ca_1870s.jpg|98x98px]]
|15 February 1876
|1 September 1876
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Julius Vogel|Vogel]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(13)
|[[Harry Atkinson]]
|[[File:Sir_Harry_Albert_Atkinson,_ca_1885.jpg|103x103px]]
|1 September 1876
|13 October 1877
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Harry Atkinson|Atkinson]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!14
|[[William Larnach]]
|[[File:William_Larnach,_1890.jpg|92x92px]]
|15 October 1877
|5 March 1878
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[George Grey|Grey]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!15
|[[John Ballance]]
|[[File:John_Ballance_1880.jpg|112x112px]]
|12 March 1878
|1 July 1879
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!16
|[[George Grey]]
|[[File:GeorgeEdwardGrey01.jpg|114x114px]]
|10 July 1879
|8 October 1879
|-
! rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
! rowspan="3" |(13)
| rowspan="3" |[[Harry Atkinson]]
| rowspan="3" |[[File:Sir_Harry_Albert_Atkinson,_ca_1885.jpg|103x103px]]
| rowspan="3" |8 October 1879
| rowspan="3" |16 August 1884
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[John Hall (New Zealand politician)|Hall]]
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Frederick Whitaker|Whitaker]]
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Harry Atkinson|Atkinson]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(11)
|[[Julius Vogel]]
|[[File:Julius_Vogel,_ca_1870s.jpg|98x98px]]
|16 August 1884
3 September 1884
|28 August 1884
8 October 1887
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Robert Stout|Stout]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
!(13)
|[[Harry Atkinson]]
|[[File:Sir_Harry_Albert_Atkinson,_ca_1885.jpg|103x103px]]
|8 October 1887
|24 January 1891
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
|[[Harry Atkinson|Atkinson]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!(15)
|[[John Ballance]]
|[[File:John_Ballance_1880.jpg|112x112px]]
|24 January 1891
|27 April 1893
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
|[[John Ballance|Ballance]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!17
|[[Joseph Ward]]
|[[File:Joseph_Ward_c._1906.jpg|111x111px]]
|1 May 1893
|16 June 1896
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Richard Seddon|Seddon]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!18
|[[Richard Seddon]]
|[[File:Richard_Seddon,_1906.jpg|110x110px]]
|16 June 1896
|10 June 1906
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!19
|[[William Hall-Jones]]
|[[File:William_Hall-Jones_2.jpg|100x100px]]
|21 June 1906
|6 August 1906
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
|[[William Hall-Jones|Hall-Jones]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!(17)
|[[Joseph Ward]]
|[[File:Joseph_Ward_c._1906.jpg|111x111px]]
|6 August 1906
|28 March 1912
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
|[[Joseph Ward|Ward]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!20
|[[Arthur Myers]]
|[[File:Arthur_Mielziner_Myers.jpg|103x103px]]
|28 March 1912
|10 July 1912
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
|[[Thomas Mackenzie|Mackenzie]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!21
|[[James Allen (New Zealand politician)|James Allen]]
|[[File:James_Allen_portrait.jpg|113x113px]]
|10 July 1912
|12 August 1915
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[William Massey|Massey]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Liberal Party}}" |
!(17)
|[[Joseph Ward]]
|[[File:Joseph_Ward_c._1906.jpg|111x111px]]
|12 August 1915
|21 August 1919
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!(21)
|[[James Allen (New Zealand politician)|James Allen]]
|[[File:James_Allen_portrait.jpg|113x113px]]
|4 September 1919
|28 April 1920
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!22
|[[William Massey]]
|[[File:William_Ferguson_Massey_1919.jpg|105x105px]]
|12 May 1920
|10 May 1925
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
! rowspan="2" |23
| rowspan="2" |[[William Nosworthy]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:William_Nosworthy.jpg|104x104px]]
| rowspan="2" |14 May 1925
| rowspan="2" |24 May 1926
| height="40" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
|[[Francis Bell (New Zealand politician)|Bell]]
|-
| height="50" style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Gordon Coates|Coates]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!24
|[[William Downie Stewart Jr]]
|[[File:William_Downie_Stewart.jpg|99x99px]]
|24 May 1926
|10 December 1928
| height="36" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!(17)
|[[Joseph Ward]]
|[[File:Joseph_Ward_c._1906.jpg|111x111px]]
|10 December 1928
|28 May 1930
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Party (New Zealand)}}" |
|[[Joseph Ward|Ward]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!25
|[[George Forbes (New Zealand politician)|George Forbes]]
|[[File:George_William_Forbes.jpg|99x99px]]
|28 May 1930
|22 September 1931
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|United Party (New Zealand)}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[George Forbes (New Zealand politician)|Forbes]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!(24)
|[[William Downie Stewart Jr]]
|[[File:William_Downie_Stewart.jpg|99x99px]]
|22 September 1931
|28 January 1933
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Reform Party (New Zealand)}}" |
!26
|[[Gordon Coates]]
|[[File:Joseph_Gordon_Coates,_1931.jpg|99x99px]]
|28 January 1933
|6 December 1935
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
! rowspan="2" |27
| rowspan="2" |[[Walter Nash]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Walter_Nash_(ca_1940s).jpg|101x101px]]
| rowspan="2" |6 December 1935
| rowspan="2" |13 December 1949
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Michael Joseph Savage|Savage]]
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Peter Fraser|Fraser]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!28
|[[Sidney Holland]]
|[[File:Sidney_George_Holland_(1953)_2.png|98x98px]]
|13 December 1949
|26 November 1954
| style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Sidney Holland|Holland]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
! rowspan="2" |29
| rowspan="2" |[[Jack Watts (politician)|Jack Watts]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Jack_Watts.jpg|107x107px]]
| rowspan="2" |26 November 1954
| rowspan="2" |12 December 1957
| height="15" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|-
| height="15" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Keith Holyoake|Holyoake]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!30
|[[Arnold Nordmeyer]]
|[[File:Arnold_Nordmeyer_(1950).jpg|95x95px]]
|12 December 1957
|12 December 1960
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Walter Nash|Nash]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!31
|[[Harry Lake]]
|[[File:Harry_Lake.jpg|100x100px]]
|12 December 1960
|21 February 1967
| style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Keith Holyoake|Holyoake]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
! rowspan="2" |32
| rowspan="2" |[[Robert Muldoon]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Robert Muldoon 1978.jpg|105x105px]]
| rowspan="2" |4 March 1967
| rowspan="2" |8 December 1972
| height="15" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|-
| height="15" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Jack Marshall|Marshall]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!33
|[[Bill Rowling]]
|[[File:Bill Rowling, 1974 (crop).jpg|100x100px]]
|8 December 1972
|6 September 1974
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Norman Kirk|Kirk]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!34
|[[Bob Tizard]]
|[[File:Bob_Tizard,_1968.jpg|100x100px]]
|6 September 1974
|12 December 1975
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Bill Rowling|Rowling]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!(32)
|[[Robert Muldoon]]
|[[File:Robert Muldoon 1978.jpg|105x105px]]
|12 December 1975
|26 July 1984
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Robert Muldoon|Muldoon]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!35
|[[Roger Douglas]]
|[[File:Roger Douglas, 1996 (cropped).png|99x99px]]
|26 July 1984
|14 December 1988
| style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[David Lange|Lange]]
|-
! rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
! rowspan="3" |36
| rowspan="3" |[[David Caygill]]
| rowspan="3" |[[File:David_Caygill,_2015.jpg|99x99px]]
| rowspan="3" |14 December 1988
| rowspan="3" |2 November 1990
| height="36" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Palmer]]
|-
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)|Moore]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!37
|[[Ruth Richardson]]
|[[File:Ruth_Richardson_(crop).tif|94x94px]]
|2 November 1990
|29 November 1993
| style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Jim Bolger|Bolger]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
! rowspan="2" |38
| rowspan="2" |[[Bill Birch]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Bill_Birch.jpg|102x102px]]
| rowspan="2" |29 November 1993
| rowspan="2" |1 February 1999
| height="50" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|-
| style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Jenny Shipley|Shipley]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!39
|[[Bill English]]
|[[File:Bill_English_3by2.png|113x113px]]
|1 February 1999
|22 June 1999
| rowspan="2" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!(38)
|[[Bill Birch]]
|[[File:Bill_Birch.jpg|102x102px]]
|22 June 1999
|10 December 1999
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!40
|[[Michael Cullen (politician)|Michael Cullen]]
|[[File:Michael_Cullen,_2008.jpg|83x83px]]
|10 December 1999
|19 November 2008
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Helen Clark|Clark]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!(39)
|[[Bill English]]
|[[File:Bill_English_September_2016.jpg|102x102px]]
|19 November 2008
|12 December 2016
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[John Key|Key]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!41
|[[Steven Joyce]]
|[[File:Steven_Joyce_crop.jpg|83x83px]]
|12 December 2016
|26 October 2017
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Bill English|English]]
|-
! height="70" style="border-bottom:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
! rowspan="2" |42
| rowspan="2" |[[Grant Robertson]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Hon_Grant_Robertson_(cropped).jpg|94x94px]]
| rowspan="2" |26 October 2017
| rowspan="2" |27 November 2023
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Jacinda Ardern|Ardern]]
|-
! height="15" style="border-top:solid 0 grey; background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Chris Hipkins|Hipkins]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!43
|[[Nicola Willis]]
|[[File:Nicola Willis 2023 (cropped).png|102x102px]]
|27 November 2023
|Incumbent
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Christopher Luxon|Luxon]]
|}

==List of treasurers==

; Key

{{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand First}}|[[New Zealand First|NZ First]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}|[[New Zealand National Party|National]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}|[[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |No.
!Name
!Portrait
! colspan="2" |Term of office
! colspan="2" |Prime Minister
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand First}}" |
! rowspan="2" |1
| rowspan="2" |[[Winston Peters]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Winston_Peters,_2019.jpg|102x102px]]
| rowspan="2" |16 December 1996
| rowspan="2" |14 August 1998
| width="1" height="50" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Jim Bolger|Bolger]]
|-
| height="50" style="border-style: solid solid none solid; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Jenny Shipley|Shipley]]
|-
! height="36" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!2
|[[Bill Birch]]
|[[File:Bill_Birch.jpg|102x102px]]
|14 August 1998
|22 June 1999
| rowspan="2" style="border-style: none solid solid solid; background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!3
|[[Bill English]]
|[[File:Bill_English_3by2.png|113x113px]]
|22 June 1999
|10 December 1999
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!4
|[[Michael Cullen (politician)|Michael Cullen]]
|[[File:Michael_Cullen,_2008.jpg|83x83px]]
|10 December 1999
|15 August 2002
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Helen Clark|Clark]]
|}

== List of junior ministerial appointments in the finance portfolio ==
; Key

{{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}|[[New Zealand National Party|National]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}|[[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend inline|{{party color|New Zealand First}}|[[New Zealand First|NZ First]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend inline|{{party color|Te Tawharau}}|[[Te Tawharau]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend inline|{{party color|Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand}}|[[Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand|Green]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend inline|{{party color|ACT New Zealand}}|[[ACT New Zealand|ACT]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |#
!Name
!Title
!Start
!End
! colspan="2" |Minister of Finance
! colspan="2" |Prime Minister
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!1
|[[Robert Muldoon]]
|Minister Assistant to the Minister of Finance
|15 February 1967
|4 March 1967
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Harry Lake|Lake]]
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Keith Holyoake|Holyoake]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!2
|[[Lorrie Pickering]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|22 December 1969
|9 February 1972
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Robert Muldoon|Muldoon]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!3
|[[George Gair]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|9 February 1972
|8 December 1972
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
|[[Jack Marshall|Marshall]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!4
|[[Mick Connelly]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|8 December 1972
|10 September 1974
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Bill Rowling|Rowling]]
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Norman Kirk|Kirk]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!(3)
|[[George Gair]]
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|12 December 1975
|8 March 1977
| rowspan="7" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="7" |[[Robert Muldoon|Muldoon]]
| rowspan="7" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="7" |[[Robert Muldoon|Muldoon]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!4
|[[Peter Wilkinson (politician)|Peter Wilkinson]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|12 December 1975
|8 March 1977
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
! rowspan="2" |5
| rowspan="2" |[[Hugh Templeton]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|8 March 1977
|13 December 1978
|-
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|13 December 1978
|11 December 1981
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!6
|[[Derek Quigley]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|13 December 1978
|12 February 1981
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!7
|[[Warren Cooper]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|12 February 1981
|11 December 1981
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!8
|[[John Falloon]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|11 December 1981
|26 July 1984
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!9
|[[Richard Prebble]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|26 July 1984
|24 August 1987
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[Roger Douglas|Douglas]]
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[David Lange|Lange]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!10
|[[David Caygill]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|26 July 1984
|24 August 1987
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!11
|[[Michael Cullen (politician)|Michael Cullen]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|24 August 1987
|12 September 1988
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!12
|[[David Butcher]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|24 August 1987
|12 September 1988
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!13
|[[Peter Neilson (politician born 1954)|Peter Neilson]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|24 August 1987
|2 November 1990
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Roger Douglas|Douglas]], [[David Caygill|Caygill]]
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[David Lange|Lange]], [[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Palmer]], [[Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)|Moore]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!(10)
|[[David Caygill]]
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|12 September 1988
|14 December 1988
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Roger Douglas|Douglas]]
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[David Lange|Lange]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!14
|[[Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)|Mike Moore]]
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|12 September 1988
|9 February 1990
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Roger Douglas|Douglas]], [[David Caygill|Caygill]]
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[David Lange|Lange]], [[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Palmer]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!15
|[[Stan Rodger]]
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|14 August 1989
|9 February 1990
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[David Caygill|Caygill]]
| style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
|[[Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician)|Palmer]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!16
|[[Doug Kidd]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|2 November 1990
|3 October 1991
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[Ruth Richardson|Richardson]]
| rowspan="8" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="8" |[[Jim Bolger|Bolger]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!17
|[[Maurice McTigue]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|2 November 1990
|27 March 1993
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!18
|[[Wyatt Creech]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|3 October 1991
|29 November 1993
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!19
|[[Simon Upton]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|27 March 1993
|29 November 1993
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!(18)
|[[Wyatt Creech]]
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|29 November 1993
|1 March 1996
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Bill Birch|Birch]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!20
|[[Bruce Cliffe]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|29 November 1993
|29 June 1995
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!21
|[[Lockwood Smith]]
|Deputy Minister of Finance
|1 March 1996
|16 December 1996
|-
! rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand First}}" |
! rowspan="3" |22
| rowspan="3" |[[Tuariki Delamere]]
| rowspan="3" |Associate Treasurer
| rowspan="3" |16 December 1996
| rowspan="3" |31 August 1998
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand First}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Winston Peters|Peters]] (Treasurer)
|-
| rowspan="5" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="5" |[[Jenny Shipley|Shipley]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Te Tawharau}}" |
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Bill Birch|Birch]] (Treasurer)
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!23
|[[Bill English]]
|Associate Treasurer
|31 August 1998
|1 February 1999
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!(21)
|[[Lockwood Smith]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|31 August 1998
|10 December 1999
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Bill Birch|Birch]], [[Bill English|English]], [[Bill Birch|Birch]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Te Tawharau}}" |
!(22)
|[[Tuariki Delamere]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|31 August 1998
|10 December 1999
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!24
|[[Trevor Mallard]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|10 December 1999
|19 November 2008
| rowspan="5" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="5" |[[Michael Cullen (politician)|Cullen]]
| rowspan="5" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="5" |[[Helen Clark|Clark]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!25
|[[Paul Swain (politician)|Paul Swain]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|13 November 2000
|19 May 2003
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!26
|[[David Cunliffe]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|19 May 2003
|19 October 2005
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!27
|[[Phil Goff]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|19 October 2005
|19 November 2008
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!28
|[[Clayton Cosgrove]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|19 October 2005
|19 November 2008
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!29
|[[Simon Power (politician)|Simon Power]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|19 November 2008
|14 December 2011
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[Bill English|English]]
| rowspan="4" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="4" |[[John Key|Key]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!30
|[[Steven Joyce]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|19 November 2008
|20 December 2016
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!31
|[[Jonathan Coleman (politician)|Jonathan Coleman]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|14 December 2011
|8 October 2014
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!32
|[[Paula Bennett]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|8 October 2014
|20 December 2016
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!33
|[[Simon Bridges]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|20 December 2016
|26 October 2017
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Steven Joyce|Joyce]]
| rowspan="2" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Bill English|English]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!34
|[[Amy Adams (politician)|Amy Adams]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|20 December 2016
|26 October 2017
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!35
|[[David Clark (New Zealand politician)|David Clark]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|26 October 2017
|7 April 2020
| rowspan="9" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="9" |[[Grant Robertson|Robertson]]
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Jacinda Ardern|Ardern]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand First}}" |
!36
|[[Shane Jones]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|26 October 2017
|6 November 2020
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand}}" |
!37
|[[James Shaw (New Zealand politician)|James Shaw]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|26 October 2017
|6 November 2020
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!38
|[[David Parker (New Zealand politician)|David Parker]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|26 October 2017
|27 November 2023
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Jacinda Ardern|Ardern]], [[Chris Hipkins|Hipkins]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!39
|[[Megan Woods]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|6 November 2020
|27 November 2023
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!40
|[[Kiri Allan]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|14 June 2022
|1 February 2023
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!41
|[[Michael Wood (New Zealand politician)|Michael Wood]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|1 February 2023
|21 June 2023
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Chris Hipkins|Hipkins]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!(40)
|[[Kiri Allan]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|21 June 2023
|24 July 2023
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand Labour Party}}" |
!42
|[[Barbara Edmonds]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|24 July 2023
|27 November 2023
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
!43
|[[Chris Bishop]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|27 November 2023
|Incumbent
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Nicola Willis|Willis]]
| rowspan="3" style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand National Party}}" |
| rowspan="3" |[[Christopher Luxon|Luxon]]
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|ACT New Zealand}}" |
!44
|[[David Seymour]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|27 November 2023
|Incumbent
|-
! style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|New Zealand First}}" |
!(36)
|[[Shane Jones]]
|Associate Minister of Finance
|27 November 2023
|Incumbent
|}

==References==
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>

==External links==
{{Commons category|Ministers of Finance of New Zealand}}

* [http://www.treasury.govt.nz/ New Zealand Treasury]
{{NZ ministerial portfolios}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Minister Of Finance (New Zealand)}}
[[Category:Lists of government ministers of New Zealand|Finance]]
[[Category:1841 establishments in New Zealand]]
[[Category:Government finances in New Zealand]]

Ministers in the New Zealand Government

2025-10-04T19:37:28Z

2A00:23C6:F3CF:F01:E170:52C6:A3A8:74E5: /* List of current portfolios */

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
[[File:Group of NZ cabinet ministers (1941).jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Ministers of [[First Labour Government of New Zealand#War cabinet|Peter Fraser's war cabinet]], 1941{{NoteTag|Showing from left to right: [[Adam Hamilton]]; [[Walter Nash]], Minister of Finance; British politician [[Duff Cooper]]; Prime Minister [[Peter Fraser]]; [[Dan Sullivan (New Zealand politician)|Dan Sullivan]], Minister of Supply; [[Fred Jones (New Zealand politician)|Fred Jones]], Minister of Defence; [[Gordon Coates]], Minister of Armed Forces and War Co-ordination.}}]]
{{Politics of New Zealand |expanded = Executive}}

Ministers ({{langx|mi|nga minita}}) in the [[New Zealand Government]] are [[members of Parliament]] (MPs) who hold ministerial warrants from [[the Crown]] to perform certain functions of government. This includes formulating and implementing [[Public policy|policies]] and advising the [[Governor-General of New Zealand|governor-general]]. Ministers collectively make up the [[executive branch]] of the New Zealand state. The governor-general is obliged to follow the [[advice (constitutional law)|advice]] of the [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|prime minister]] on the appointment and dismissal of ministers.

Most ministers are members of [[Cabinet of New Zealand|Cabinet]], and all ministers, including those outside Cabinet, serve concurrently as councillors of the [[Executive Council of New Zealand]]. These executives are also formally titled "[[ministers of the Crown]]", as in other [[Commonwealth realm]]s.

==Terminology==
"Minister of the Crown" ({{langx|mi|minita o te Karauna|link=no}}) is the formal title used in Commonwealth realms to describe a minister of the reigning [[Monarchy of New Zealand|sovereign]] or governor-general. The legal term "[[the Crown]]" vaguely refers to both the sovereign and the [[state (polity)|state]], the latter encompassing the branches of government.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Crown and Canadian Federalism |first=D. Michael |last=Jackson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZcIf46DzpfUC&pg=Pnto |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4597-0989-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite video |last1=Palmer |first1=Geoffrey |last2=Elias |first2=Sian |author1-link=Geoffrey Palmer (New Zealand politician) |author2-link=Sian Elias |title=What is the Crown? |url=https://natlib.govt.nz/he-tohu/korero/what-is-the-crown |website=natlib.govt.nz |publisher=He Tohu |access-date=14 December 2023}}</ref> In New Zealand, an adviser to the sovereign or governor-general is also referred to simply as "minister", but the formal title is used in the New Zealand ''[[Cabinet Manual (New Zealand)|Cabinet Manual]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title = Ministers of the Crown: Appointment, Role, and Conduct |url = https://dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/supporting-work-cabinet/cabinet-manual/2-ministers-crown |website=Cabinet Manual |publisher = [[Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)|The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet]] |access-date=4 May 2018 |date=24 June 2017 |language=en-NZ }}</ref>

== Appointment and dismissal ==
{{Quote box|align=right|width=25%|''"I, [name], being chosen and admitted of the Executive Council of New Zealand, swear that I will to the best of my judgement, at all times, when thereto required, freely give my counsel and advice to the Governor-General for the time being, for the good management of the affairs of New Zealand. That I will not directly nor indirectly reveal such matters as shall be debated in Council and committed to my secrecy, but that I will in all things be a true and faithful Councillor. So help me God".''|Executive councillor's oath}}

The appointment of an MP as a minister is formally made by the [[Governor-General of New Zealand|governor-general]], who must sign a ministerial warrant before it officially comes into effect.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Eichbaum |first=Chris |title = Cabinet government – What is cabinet? |url = https://teara.govt.nz/en/cabinet-government/page-1 |encyclopedia=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |access-date=14 March 2020 |language=en-NZ }}</ref> The governor-general appoints the [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|prime minister]] (head of government) on the basis of whether they are able to command the [[Confidence and supply|confidence]] of Parliament. The prime minister will [[advice (constitutional)|advise]] the governor-general on the appointment or dismissal of other ministers.<ref name="ministers1" /> The first appointments are made whenever a new [[List of New Zealand governments|government]] takes office, and thereafter whenever a vacancy arises (due to a minister being dismissed or resigning). Each minister takes an [[Oath of Allegiance (New Zealand)|oath (or affirmation) of office]].{{NoteTag|Historically most ministers swore an [[oath]] on the Bible, but now many choose to affirm their intent, without reference to God.}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Young |first=Audrey |title=Only two choose to swear on 'Bible' |url = https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=105159 |access-date=3 April 2020 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=30 June 2000 |language=en-NZ }}</ref>

The recommendations that the prime minister chooses to give are theoretically their own affair, but the [[political party]] (or parties) behind them will almost certainly have views on the matter, and most recommendations are made only after negotiation and bargaining. Different parties have different mechanisms for this – the [[New Zealand Labour Party|Labour Party]], for example, has provision for its parliamentary [[caucus]] to select ministers, while the [[New Zealand National Party|National Party]] allows the prime minister to select ministers at their discretion.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dowding |first1=Keith |last2=Dumont |first2=Patrick |title=The Selection of Ministers around the World |year=2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317634454 |page=27 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=UStHBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA27 |access-date=5 September 2019 |language=en }}</ref>

==Responsibilities and powers==
The formal powers of the executive are exercised through the [[Executive Council of New Zealand|Executive Council]], which consists of all ministers, and is headed by the governor-general. When the Executive Council resolves to issue an [[Order in Council|order]], and the order is signed by the governor-general, it becomes legally binding.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sovereign, Governor-General, and Executive Council: Meetings of the Executive Council |url = https://dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/supporting-work-cabinet/cabinet-manual/1-sovereign-governor-5 |website=[[Cabinet Manual (New Zealand)|Cabinet Manual]] |publisher=The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |date=23 June 2017 |language=en-NZ }}</ref>

At the same time as they are appointed to the Executive Council, a minister is generally charged with supervising a particular aspect of the government's activities, known as a "[[wikt:portfolio#English|portfolio]]",<ref name="ministers1">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Eichbaum |first=Chris |title = Cabinet government – Ministers and prime ministers in cabinet |url = https://teara.govt.nz/en/cabinet-government/page-6 |encyclopedia = Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |access-date=20 November 2018 }}</ref> such as the provision of health services ([[Minister of Health (New Zealand)|minister of health]]) or the upkeep of law enforcement ([[Minister of Police (New Zealand)|minister of police]]).<ref name="portfolios">{{cite web |title=Ministerial portfolios |url = https://dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/ministers-and-their-portfolios/ministerial-portfolios |publisher=The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |access-date=20 November 2018 |language=en-NZ }}</ref> A minister with portfolio is also responsible for a corresponding [[Public sector organisations in New Zealand|public sector organisation]], usually known as a [[Ministry (government department)|department or ministry]].<ref name="portfolios" />

[[File:Jerry Mateparae signs warrants for new Ministers of the Crown 2013.jpg|thumb|left|The Governor-General, [[Jerry Mateparae|Sir Jerry Mateparae]], signs the warrants for new ministers of the Crown, January 2013]]
A "warrant" from the Crown is a formal written authority that is granted by the governor-general to a minister. The warrant sets out the minister's responsibilities, powers, and duties within their portfolio. It is essentially a legal document that gives a minister the authority to carry out their duties, and is necessary for them to be able to exercise the powers and functions of their portfolio.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ministers |url=https://dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/supporting-work-cabinet/cabinet-manual/2-ministers-crown-3 |website=[[Cabinet Manual (New Zealand)|Cabinet Manual]] |publisher=The Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |access-date=17 February 2023 |language=en-NZ}}</ref>

[[minister without portfolio|Ministers without portfolio]] are MPs appointed as minister without a specific role. Such appointments have become rare today, although sometimes an MP may be appointed to a [[sinecure]] portfolio such as "[[Minister of State#New Zealand|minister of state]]" for similar purposes.<ref>For example: {{cite web |title=Keith Holyoake |url = https://nzhistory.govt.nz/people/keith-holyoake |work=NZHistory |publisher=[[Ministry for Culture and Heritage]] |access-date=20 November 2018}}</ref>

[[Individual ministerial responsibility]] is a constitutional convention that a minister is ultimately responsible for the decisions and actions (and the consequences that follow) of individuals and organisations for which they have ministerial responsibility.<ref name="ministers1" /> Individual ministerial responsibility is not the same as [[cabinet collective responsibility]], which states members of Cabinet must approve publicly of its collective decisions or resign.<ref name="collective_responsibility">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Eichbaum |first=Chris |title=Cabinet government – Collective responsibility |url = https://teara.govt.nz/en/cabinet-government/page-4 |encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |access-date=20 November 2018 }}</ref>

== History ==
{{See also|Minister of the Crown#History}}
[[File:NZ Coalition Cabinet of 1931.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|Ministers of the [[United–Reform Coalition|Coalition]] Cabinet, 1931{{NoteTag|In the front row are (left to right): [[Alfred Ransom]], [[Gordon Coates]], Prime Minister [[George Forbes (New Zealand politician)|George Forbes]], [[William Downie Stewart Sr]], [[Āpirana Ngata]], and [[Alexander Young (New Zealand politician)|Alexander Young]]. In the back row are (left to right): [[David Jones (New Zealand politician)|David Jones]], [[John Cobbe]], [[Adam Hamilton]], and [[Robert Masters (New Zealand politician)|Robert Masters]].}}]]
Originally, the Executive Council functioned as an advisory group to the governor, and ministerial functions were performed by appointed officials, not politicians. The various "ministers" serving on the Council, such as the [[Colonial Secretary (New Zealand)|Colonial Secretary]] ([[Andrew Sinclair (botanist)|Andrew Sinclair]] from 1844) and the [[Minister of Finance (New Zealand)|Colonial Treasurer]] ([[Alexander Shepherd (public servant)|Alexander Shepherd]] from 1842), reported to the Governor.{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=27}} When [[New Zealand Parliament|Parliament]] was established, however, many believed that they would soon replace these appointed officials, with ministerial positions being given to members of Parliament instead. The Acting Governor, [[Robert Wynyard]], did not agree, however, saying that the levers of government could not be turned over to Parliament without approval from [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]]. The issue was controversial, and ended with the Acting Governor attempting (with only partial success) to suspend the [[1st New Zealand Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web |title=General Robert Henry Wynyard |url = http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc02Cycl-t1-body1-d1-d4-d2.html |work=[[The Cyclopedia of New Zealand]] |publisher=Victoria University of Wellington |access-date=6 September 2019 }}</ref>

Later, in the [[2nd New Zealand Parliament]], Parliament was victorious, and the first political ministers were appointed in the [[Sewell Ministry, 1856|1856 Sewell Ministry]]. [[Henry Sewell]] became Colonial Secretary, [[Dillon Bell]] became Colonial Treasurer, [[Frederick Whitaker]] became Attorney-General, and [[Henry Tancred (New Zealand politician)|Henry Tancred]] became a minister without portfolio. Since then, all ministers have been appointed from among the ranks of Parliament.{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=31}}

Later, Parliament made further gains, with the convention being established that the governor-general's actions in the Executive Council were bound by the advice that ministers gave. Today, the Executive Council is not used for deliberation—rather, [[Cabinet of New Zealand|Cabinet]] is the forum for debate. The Executive Council formally advises the governor-general on decisions already agreed by Cabinet. Individual ministers must obtain collective agreement from Cabinet to bring items to the Executive Council.<ref>{{cite work |title=''Principles of Cabinet decision-making'' |url=https://www.dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/supporting-work-cabinet/cabinet-manual/5-cabinet-decision-3 |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |access-date=23 February 2024 |chapter=5.38 |language=en |date=19 April 2023}}</ref>

==Ranking==
The prime minister ranks the Cabinet ministers to determine seniority, or the "pecking order".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hennessy|first=Peter|title=The Prime Minister: The Office and its Holders Since 1945|publisher=[[Penguin Group]]|year=2000|isbn=0713993405|location=|pages=63}}</ref> This ranking depends on factors such as length of service, the relative prominence of a portfolio, and "personal standing with the prime minister".<ref name="ministers1"/> Lists of ministers are often ordered according to each individual minister's ranking.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ministerial List |url=https://dpmc.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2020-11/ministerial-list-2-nov-2020.pdf |publisher=Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet |access-date=3 November 2020 |language=en-NZ |date=2 November 2020}}</ref>

==Prominent ministerial positions==
*[[Prime Minister of New Zealand|Prime Minister]]
*[[Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand|Deputy Prime Minister]]
*[[Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand)|Minister of Agriculture]]
*[[Minister of Conservation (New Zealand)|Minister of Conservation]]
*[[Minister of Defence (New Zealand)|Minister of Defence]]
*[[Minister of Education (New Zealand)|Minister of Education]]
*[[Minister of Finance (New Zealand)|Minister of Finance]]
*[[Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
*[[Minister of Health (New Zealand)|Minister of Health]]
*[[Minister of Internal Affairs (New Zealand)|Minister of Internal Affairs]]
*[[Minister of Justice (New Zealand)|Minister of Justice]]
*[[Minister for Māori Development]]
*[[Minister for Social Development (New Zealand)|Minister of Social Development]]
*[[Minister of Transport (New Zealand)|Minister of Transport]]
*[[Attorney-General (New Zealand)|Attorney-General]]

==List of current portfolios==
{{As of|2025|01|24}} the following ministerial portfolios exist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Portfolios |url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/portfolios |access-date=11 December 2024 |website=Beehive.govt.nz |publisher=New Zealand Government |language=en}}</ref> Many individuals hold multiple ministerial portfolios.

{|class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|-
! Portfolio
|-
| [[Prime Minister of New Zealand|Prime Minister]]
|-
| [[Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand|Deputy Prime Minister]]
|-
| [[Leader of the House (New Zealand)|Leader of the House]]
|-
| Deputy Leader of the House
|-
| [[Accident Compensation Corporation #List of Ministers|Minister for ACC]]
|-
| [[Minister of Agriculture (New Zealand)|Minister of Agriculture]]
|-
| [[Minister for Arts, Culture and Heritage]]
|-
| [[Attorney-General (New Zealand)|Attorney-General]]
|-
|[[Minister for Auckland]]
|-
| [[Minister for Biosecurity]]
|-
| [[Minister for Building and Construction (New Zealand)|Minister for Building and Construction]]
|-
| [[Minister for Child Poverty Reduction]]
|-
| [[Ministry for Children#List of ministers for children|Minister for Children]]
|-
| [[Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand)|Minister for Climate Change]]
|-
| [[Minister of Commerce and Consumer Affairs]]
|-
| [[Minister for the Community and Voluntary Sector]]
|-
| [[Minister of Conservation (New Zealand)|Minister of Conservation]]
|-
| [[Minister of Corrections (New Zealand)|Minister of Corrections]]
|-
| [[Minister for Courts]]
|-
| [[Minister of Customs (New Zealand)|Minister of Customs]]
|-
| [[Minister of Defence (New Zealand)|Minister of Defence]]
|-
|[[Minister for Digitising Government]]
|-
|Minister for Disability Issues
|-
| [[Minister for Economic Growth]]
|-
| [[Minister of Education (New Zealand)|Minister of Education]]
|-
| [[National Emergency Management Agency (New Zealand)#List of Ministers for Emergency Management|Minister for Emergency Management & Recovery]]
|-
| [[Minister of Energy and Resources (New Zealand)|Minister of Energy]]
|-
| [[Ministry for the Environment (New Zealand)|Minister for the Environment]]
|-
|[[Minister for Ethnic Communities]]
|-
| [[Minister of Finance (New Zealand)|Minister of Finance]]
|-
| Minister for Food Safety
|-
| [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]]
|-
| [[Minister of Forestry (New Zealand)|Minister of Forestry]]
|-
| Minister Responsible for the [[Government Communications Security Bureau|GCSB]]
|-
|Lead Coordination Minister for the Government’s Response to the Royal Commission’s Report into Historical Abuse in State Care and in the Care of Faith-based Institutions
|-
| [[Minister of Health (New Zealand)|Minister of Health]]
|-
| [[Minister of Housing (New Zealand)|Minister of Housing]]
|-
|Minister for Hunting and Fishing
|-
| [[Minister of Immigration (New Zealand)|Minister of Immigration]]
|-
| [[Minister of Infrastructure (New Zealand)|Minister of Infrastructure]]
|-
| [[Minister of Internal Affairs (New Zealand)|Minister of Internal Affairs]]
|-
| [[Minister of Justice (New Zealand)|Minister of Justice]]
|-
| [[Minister for Land Information (New Zealand)|Minister for Land Information]]
|-
| [[Minister of Local Government (New Zealand)|Minister of Local Government]]
|-
| Minister Responsible for Ministerial Services
|-
| [[Minister for Māori–Crown Relations|Minister for Māori Crown Relations – Te Arawhiti]]
|-
| [[Minister for Māori Development]]
|-
|[[Minister for Media and Communications]]
|-
|[[Minister for Mental Health (New Zealand)|Minister for Mental Health]]
|-
| [[Minister of National Security and Intelligence (New Zealand)|Minister for National Security and Intelligence]]
|-
| Minister Responsible for the [[New Zealand Security Intelligence Service|NZSIS]]
|-
| [[Minister for Oceans and Fisheries]]
|-
| [[Minister for Pacific Peoples]]
|-
| [[Minister of Police (New Zealand)|Minister of Police]]
|-
| [[Minister for the Prevention of Family and Sexual Violence]]
|-
| [[State Services Commission#Ministers of State Services|Minister for the Public Service]]
|-
| [[Minister for Racing (New Zealand)|Minister for Racing]]
|-
| [[Minister for Rail]]
|-
|Minister for Regional Development
|-
|[[Minister for Regulation]]
|-
|Minister for Resources
|-
| [[Minister of Revenue (New Zealand)|Minister of Revenue]]
|-
|Minister Responsible for [[Resource Management Act 1991|RMA]] Reform
|-
| Minister for Rural Communities
|-
| [[Minister of Science, Innovation and Technology]]
|-
| [[Minister for Seniors]]
|-
| [[Minister for Small Business and Manufacturing]]
|-
| [[Minister for Social Development (New Zealand)|Minister for Social Development and Employment]]
|-
|Minister for Social Investment
|-
| Minister for the South Island
|-
|[[Minister for Space]]
|-
| [[Minister for Sport and Recreation]]
|-
| [[Minister for State Owned Enterprises]]
|-
| [[Minister of Statistics (New Zealand)|Minister of Statistics]]
|-
| [[Minister for Tourism and Hospitality (New Zealand)|Minister for Tourism and Hospitality]]
|-
| [[Minister of Trade (New Zealand)|Minister for Trade]]
|-
| [[Minister of Transport (New Zealand)|Minister of Transport]]
|-
| [[Minister for Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations]]
|-
| Minister for Universities
|-
| [[Minister for Veterans (New Zealand)|Minister for Veterans]]
|-
| Minister for Vocational Education
|-
| [[Whānau Ora#Ministerial oversight|Minister for Whānau Ora]]
|-
| [[Ministry for Women#Ministers for Women|Minister for Women]]
|-
| [[Minister for Workplace Relations and Safety]]
|-
| [[Minister for Youth (New Zealand)|Minister for Youth]]
|}

== See also ==
*[[Parliamentary under-secretary]]

== Notes ==
{{NoteFoot}}

== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last = Scholefield |first = Guy |title = New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 |author-link = Guy Scholefield |edition=3rd |orig-year = 1st ed. published 1913 |year= 1950 |publisher=Govt. Printer |location= Wellington, New Zealand}}
{{refend}}

{{-}}
{{NZ Public Service Departments}}
{{Parliament of NZ}}

[[Category:Constitution of New Zealand]]
[[Category:Public office-holders in New Zealand]]