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Pigott Street

2025-06-01T21:26:26Z

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{{Short description|Street in Poplar, London}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2015}}
[[File:Social housing in Pigott Street, London.jpg|thumb|Social housing in Pigott Street, designed by Gabriel Epstein]]
'''Pigott Street''' is a road in [[Limehouse]] and [[Poplar, London|Poplar]], [[London Borough of Tower Hamlets|Tower Hamlets]], [[London]]. The blocks of [[apartment|flats]] on it form part of the last phase of the building of the [[Lansbury Estate]], and border the southern end of [[Burdett Road]] on the west.

[[File:PigottStreetPlaque.jpg|thumb|Plaque commemorating the final building phase of [[Lansbury Estate]].]]
The housing was completed in 1982 by the [[Greater London Council]], although earlier phases in the [[Lansbury Estate]] were implemented by the [[London County Council]]. In 1998, ownership of part of the estate including Pigott Street transferred to a local [[housing association]], [[Poplar HARCA]].

Along with various other nearby streets, it is named after the family of [[Francis Pigott Stainsby Conant]], MP for Reading [[Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man]] 1860–1863. This family held {{convert|38|acre|m2}} of land in Poplar and [[Limehouse]] in the 19th century.<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=46479 East India Dock Road, North side] at [[British History Online]]</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of eponymous roads in London]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord|51.51287|N|0.02595|W|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title|format=dms}}

[[Category:Streets in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets]]
[[Category:Poplar, London]]
[[Category:Limehouse]]

Lower Lea Valley

2025-06-01T19:00:00Z

2A00:23CC:E806:E01:5491:16A6:C3D3:EBD9: /* Geography */

{{Short description|Southern end of the Lea Valley in Greater London}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2015}}
[[File:Canal towpath overlooking Three Mills Wall River.jpg|thumb|Canal towpath overlooking Three Mills Wall River with a view across to Sugar House Island]]
The '''Lower Lea Valley''' is the southern end of the [[Lea Valley]] which surrounds the [[River Lea]] in eastern [[Greater London]]. It is part of the [[Thames Gateway]] redevelopment area and was the location of the [[2012 Summer Olympics]].

==Geography==
The Lower Lea Valley can be described as the part to the south of the [[Lee Valley Reservoir Chain|long chain of reservoirs]] which end with the [[East Warwick Reservoir|East]] and [[West Warwick Reservoir|West]] Warwick Reservoirs. The [[River Lea|Lea]] changes course at this point, changing from a SSW to a SSE direction for the last {{convert|5|miles}} before its confluence with the [[River Thames|Thames]] at [[Leamouth]] and [[Canning Town]].

The north-west of the area is in the [[London Borough of Hackney]], the south-east is in the [[London Borough of Newham]], the south-west is in the [[London Borough of Tower Hamlets]], and the north-east is in the [[London Borough of Waltham Forest]].

== Parkland ==
[[File:Three Mills, Stratford.jpg|thumb|Three Mills is a former working tidal mill mentioned in the Domesday book.]]
The Lower Lea includes [[Hackney Marshes]] and the Lea River Park, a collection of six parks which connect [[Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park]] to the [[Royal Docks]] and the [[River Thames]]; linked by the Leaway.
[[File:Three Mills Lane view across the water.jpg|thumb|Three Mills Lane, looking out from the tide mill]]
The redevelopment of the Lea River Park opens up {{convert|45|acres}} of new space creating walkways and cycle paths. The project completes the 26-mile long [[Lee Valley Regional Park]] which connects Ware in Hertfordshire to the River Thames.
[[File:Cody Dock Rolling Bridge side panorama.jpg|thumb|Photo of the Cody Dock Rolling Bridge]]
It takes an hour to walk the entire Lea River Park with the opportunity to stop off and learn about some of the area's rich history, including:

* Dane's Yard – the first phase of Vastint's {{convert|26|acre}} Sugar House Island project. Dane's Yard is a Conservation Area sensitively being refurbished into a business hub for creative industries. The Sugar House, a Victorian warehouse on site, is one of the development's buildings being refurbished.
* [[Three Mills]] – a beautiful and historic area which is home to the world's biggest [[tide mill]] (which was listed in the [[Domesday Book]]). The mills were originally used to grind grain for flour (Stratford bakers were renowned and mentioned by [[Chaucer]]). Later the mills ground grain to make gin, and a large distillery was set up on Three Mills Island. Owned at the time by Nicholson, it fuelled the [[Gin Craze]] in London. The distillery is now [[3 Mills Studios]], an independent film studio, home of [[MasterChef (British TV series)|''MasterChef'']] and many British-made films.
* Bow Ecology Park – a thriving wildlife sanctuary with newts, water scorpions and flocks of wading birds.
* [[Trinity Buoy Wharf]] – home to London's only lighthouse.
* Cody Dock – with [[Cody Dock Rolling Bridge|Rolling Bridge]] – a formerly derelict dock which is being transformed into a thriving creative community space.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rolling Bridge |url=https://programme.openhouse.org.uk/listings/11353 |website=programme.openhouse.org.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911093016/https://programme.openhouse.org.uk/listings/11353 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=One-of-a-kind footbridge tumbles over to let boats pass |url=https://newatlas.com/architecture/cody-dock-rolling-bridge/ |website=New Atlas |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230307215346/https://newatlas.com/architecture/cody-dock-rolling-bridge/ |archive-date=7 March 2023 |date=3 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{YouTube|rnVozwT08t4|title=Cody Dock Rolling Bridge}}</ref>
* The banks of the Lea at the Bow Brewery where [[India Pale Ale]] was first brewed.

== Redevelopment areas ==
Responsibility for the redevelopment of most of the area was under the remit of the [[London Thames Gateway Development Corporation]] until 2012. The area around the Olympic site is now under the control of the [[London Legacy Development Corporation]]. Part of the area is an [[enterprise zone]] including Silvertown Quays, Royal Albert Dock and Royal Albert Basin.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.london.gov.uk/priorities/business-economy/our-investments/royal-docks-enterprise-zone |title=The Royal Docks Enterprise Zone | Greater London Authority |access-date=2012-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009062231/http://london.gov.uk/priorities/business-economy/our-investments/royal-docks-enterprise-zone |archive-date=9 October 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Current areas identified for redevelopment are:

* Bromley-by-Bow, led by [[Tesco]], Tower Hamlets<ref>{{ cite news | title=Tesco Bromley-by-Bow scheme gets go-ahead |url= http://www.regen.net/Physical_Regeneration/article/1006343/Tesco-Bromley-by-Bow-scheme-gets-go-ahead/ }}</ref>
* Canning Town and Custom House, Newham<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newham.gov.uk/InformationforBusinesses/RegenerationProjects/CanningTownandCustomHouseRegenerationProgrammeMasterplan.htm |title=Canning Town and Custom House Regeneration Programme Masterplan |access-date=2012-10-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023043315/http://newham.gov.uk/InformationforBusinesses/RegenerationProjects/CanningTownandCustomHouseRegenerationProgrammeMasterplan.htm |archive-date=23 October 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* Chobham Manor, Newham<ref>{{ cite web | title=Chobham Manor | url=http://www.londonlegacy.co.uk/chobhammanor/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104042712/http://www.londonlegacy.co.uk/chobhammanor/ | archive-date=4 November 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* [[East Village, London|East Village]], the former Olympic village, Newham<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/money/2012/jul/27/lets-move-to-stratford-olympic-park | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Tom | last=Dyckhoff | title=Let's move to Stratford and the Olympic Park, east London | date=27 July 2012}}</ref>
* East Wick, Hackney<ref>{{ cite web|title=East Wick|url=http://www.londonlegacy.co.uk/competition/east-wick/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528084711/http://www.londonlegacy.co.uk/competition/east-wick/|archive-date=28 May 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* Marshgate Wharf, Newham<ref>{{ cite web|title=Marshgate Wharf|url=http://www.londonlegacy.co.uk/competition/marshgate-wharf/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528085021/http://www.londonlegacy.co.uk/competition/marshgate-wharf/|archive-date=28 May 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* Pudding Mill, Newham<ref>{{ cite news | title=London 2012 Olympic Park suburb names unveiled | date= 2 August 2011|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/aug/02/london-olympic-park-suburb-names |work=The Guardian}}</ref>
* [[Silvertown Quays]], Newham<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.silvertown-quays.com/ |title=Silvertown Quays |access-date=11 October 2012 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612171808/http://www.silvertown-quays.com/ |archive-date=12 June 2011 }}</ref>
* [[Stratford City]], led by [[Westfield Group|Westfield]], Newham<ref>{{ cite web|title=Stratford City|url=http://www.newham.gov.uk/informationforbusinesses/regenerationprojects/stratfordcity.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024105356/http://www.newham.gov.uk/informationforbusinesses/regenerationprojects/stratfordcity.htm|archive-date=24 October 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* [[Sugar House Island]], led by [[Vastint]], Newham<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/london/new-cut-price-office-space-seeks-to-steal-startups-from-shoreditch-a3837011.html|title=New 'cut price' office space seeks to lure start-ups from Shoreditch|work=Evening Standard|access-date=2018-06-04|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.homesandproperty.co.uk/property-news/the-river-lea-in-bromleybybow-has-new-riverside-homes-for-a-fraction-of-the-cost-of-thamesview-a120001.html#gallery|title=Where young Londoners should look for new waterside homes without paying a Thames-side premium|date=2018-05-01|work=Homes and Property|access-date=2018-06-04|language=en-GB}}</ref>
* Sweetwater, Tower Hamlets
* [[Bromley-by-Bow gasholders]], led by [[Berkeley Homes|St William]]<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|date=2022 |title=Bromley by Bow gasworks |url=https://bromley-by-bow.com/ |access-date=2022-10-22 |website=Bromley-by-Bow Gasworks |language=en-US}}</ref>

==In popular culture==

The 2005 documentary ''What Have You Done Today, Mervyn Day?'' focuses on the history and landscape of the Lower Lea Valley. The film was made by [[Paul Kelly (film maker)|Paul Kelly]] in conjunction with British pop group [[Saint Etienne (band)|Saint Etienne]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/6music/news/20051027_saintetienne.shtml Saints of the screen] Retrieved 26 November 2011</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Lower Lea Valley}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120111174811/http://legacy.london.gov.uk/mayor/planning/docs/lowerleavalley-pt1.pdf London Planning Dept. - Lower Lea Valley Master Plan]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051028105157/http://www.lda.gov.uk/server/show/nav.001002001001009 Details: on the London Development Agency website]
*[http://www.blitzandblight.com/lower-lea-valley blitzandblight.com / Lower Lea Valley]
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/london/content/articles/2007/02/07/thames_gateway_lower_lea_feature.shtml BBC: Lower Lea & Thames Gateway]
*[http://www.queenelizabetholympicpark.co.uk/-/media/qeop/files/public/lea-river-park/leaway-map_april-2017_update.ashx?la=en Map of the Lea River Park]

{{sub-regions of London}}
{{coord |51|33|N|0|1|W|type:adm3rd_region:GB|display=title}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Geography of London]]
[[Category:Areas of London]]
[[Category:Redevelopment projects in London]]
[[Category:Geography of the London Borough of Newham]]
[[Category:Geography of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets]]
[[Category:Thames Gateway]]
[[Category:River Lea]]
[[Category:London sub-regions]]

1988 in architecture

2025-06-01T17:06:07Z

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{{Short description|none}} 
{{use mdy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Year nav topic5|1988|architecture}}

The year '''1988 in architecture''' involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.

==Events==
* [[Hawkins\Brown]] architectural practice established in London.

==Buildings and structures==
{{See also|Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1988}}
===Buildings opened===
[[File:Parliament House Canberra 2.jpg|thumb|The [[Parliament House, Canberra]], Australia]]
* [[March 13]] – [[Seikan Tunnel]] beneath the Tsugaru Strait in [[Japan]].
* [[May 9]] – [[Parliament House, Canberra]], [[Australia]].
* [[September 25]] – [[Aalto Theatre]], Essen, Germany.
* [[October 10]] – [[Cairo Opera House]], Egypt.
* [[November 2]] – [[Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Dili]], Indonesia.<ref>[http://archives.ucanews.com/1988/11/09/soeharto-inaugurates-new-cathedral-and-other-development-projects/ UCANews November 9, 1988]{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
* December – [[Torre Picasso]], in [[Madrid]], Spain, by [[Minoru Yamasaki]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.per-gestora.com/ing/conoce_historia.htm| title=History|publisher=Torre Picasso|accessdate=2014-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125154213/http://www.per-gestora.com/ing/conoce_historia.htm|archive-date=2014-01-25|url-status=usurped}}</ref>
* ''date unknown'' – [[National Union of Mineworkers headquarters]], Sheffield, England.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-south-yorkshire-16249440|title=Sheffield casino plan approved for ex-NUM headquarters|date=19 December 2011|accessdate=19 July 2013|publisher=[[BBC]]}}</ref>

===Buildings completed===
[[File:SA Blue Mosque.jpg|thumb|[[Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque]], [[Selangor]], Malaysia]]
[[File:Luedenscheid-ERCO1-Bubo.JPG|thumb|Technisches Zentrum ERCO-Leuchten in [[Lüdenscheid]], Germany]]
* [[March 11]] – [[Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque]], [[Selangor]], Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tourismmalaysia.gov.my/en/destinations/item.asp?item=bluemosque|title=Tourism Malaysia-Selangor destinations-Blue Mosque|publisher=Government website-Tourism Malaysia|year=2011|accessdate=2011-01-26}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* July – [[108 St Georges Terrace]] in [[Perth]], Western Australia.<ref>{{cite news |first=Rob |last=MacDonald |title=214m tower is all set to open for business |work=[[Daily News (Perth, Western Australia)|Daily News]]|location=Perth|page=14|date=1988-07-08}}</ref>
* [[Scotia Plaza]] in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], [[Canada]].
* [[Bell Media Tower]] in [[Montreal]], [[Canada]].
* [[Canterra Tower]] in [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]].
* [[Wells Fargo Center (Minneapolis)|Wells Fargo Center]] in [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]], [[United States]].
* [[Pitampura TV Tower]] in [[New Delhi]], [[India]].
* [[1201 Third Avenue|Washington Mutual Tower]] in [[Seattle]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]].
* [[Central Plaza 1, Brisbane]], Queensland, Australia.
* [[One Kansas City Place]], in [[Kansas City, Missouri]], U.S.
* Bellevue Place, [[Hong Kong]], designed by [[Rocco Design Architects]].
* [[Richmond, London|Richmond]] Riverside development in [[London]], [[England]], designed by [[Quinlan Terry]].<ref name=Hardingham>{{cite book|first=Samantha|last=Hardingham|title=London: a guide to recent architecture|location=London|publisher=Ellipsis|edition=3rd|year=1996|isbn=1-899858-08-3}}</ref>
* [[:File:Luedenscheid-ERCO1-Bubo.JPG|ERCO Technical Centre]] (''Technisches Zentrum ERCO-Leuchten'') in [[Lüdenscheid]], Germany, designed by [[:de:Uwe Kiessler|Uwe Kiessler]].
* [[Isle of Dogs Pumping Station|Storm water pumping station]] on the [[Isle of Dogs]] in London, designed by John Outram Associates.<ref name=Hardingham />
* [[:File:National Library Extension.jpg|Causewayside Building]], [[National Library of Scotland]], [[Edinburgh]], designed by Andrew Merrylees.<ref name=MB>{{cite book|first1=Peter|last1=Murray|first2=Stephen|last2=Trombley|title=Modern Britain|series=Phaidon Architecture Guide|publisher=Phaidon|location=London|edition=2nd|year=1990|isbn=0-7148-3133-6}}|</ref>
* [[Clovelly]] [[:File:Entrance to Clovelly - geograph.org.uk - 1363187.jpg|Visitor Centre]] in [[North Devon]], England, designed by [[van Heyningen and Haward Architects]].<ref name=MB/>
* [[:File:CZWG house Janet Street-Porter.jpg|House]] for [[Janet Street-Porter]], [[Clerkenwell]], London, designed by [[Piers Gough]] of CZWG.

==Awards==
* [[Alvar Aalto Medal]] – [[Alvaro Siza]]
* [[Architecture Firm Award]] – [[Hartman-Cox Architects]]
* [[European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture]] ([[Mies van der Rohe Prize]]) – [[Alvaro Siza]] for [[Banco Borges e Irmão]], Vila do Conde
* [[Pritzker Prize]] – [[Oscar Niemeyer]] and [[Gordon Bunshaft]]
* [[Royal Australian Institute of Architects Gold Medal|RAIA Gold Medal]] – [[Romaldo Giurgola]]
* [[Royal Institute of British Architects|RIBA]] [[Royal Gold Medal]] – [[Richard Meier]]
* [[Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture]] – [[Romaldo Giurgola]].
* [[Twenty-five Year Award]] – [[Washington Dulles International Airport]] Terminal Building

==Deaths==
* March – [[Tom Ellis (architect)|Tom Ellis]], English architect (born 1911)
* [[March 12]] – [[Bernard Rudofsky]], Moravian-born American writer, architect, collector, teacher, designer, and social historian (born 1905)
* [[August 21]] – [[Ray Eames]], American architect and designer, partner of Charles Eames (born 1912)
* [[November 22]] – [[Luis Barragán]], Mexican architect (born 1902)

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:1988 architecture| ]]
[[Category:20th-century architecture]]

Greenland Dock

2025-06-01T17:05:02Z

2A00:23CC:E806:E01:5491:16A6:C3D3:EBD9:

{{Short description|Dock in Rotherhithe, London, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2017}}
{{Citations missing|date=February 2010}}

[[File:Panorama of Greenland Dock Marina.jpg|thumb|350px|Greenland Dock Marina]]

'''Greenland Dock''' is the oldest of [[London]]'s riverside [[Dock (maritime)|wet docks]], located in [[Rotherhithe]] area of the [[London Borough of Southwark]]. It used to be part of the [[Surrey Commercial Docks]], most of which have by now been filled in. Greenland Dock is now used purely for recreational purposes; it is one of only two functioning enclosed docks on the south bank of the [[River Thames]], along with the smaller [[South Dock, Rotherhithe|South Dock]], to which it is connected by a channel now known as Greenland Cut.

==History==
===Howland Great Wet Dock===
[[File:Howland Great Wet Dock 1717.jpg|thumb|right|View of the Howland Great Wet Dock in 1717 looking west across the Rotherhithe peninsula]]
The dock was originally laid out between 1695 and 1699 on land owned by the aristocratic Russell family of the [[William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford|1st Duke of Bedford]]. The Russells had been given a portion of land in lower Rotherhithe by a wealthy [[Streatham]] landowner, John Howland, as part of a wedding dowry for his daughter Elizabeth, granddaughter of Sir [[Josiah Child]] – the dictatorial chairman of the [[East India Company]], who married [[Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford|Wriothesley Russell]], the Marquis of Tavistock. They immediately set about "improving" the rural property, obtaining parliamentary permission in 1695 to construct a rectangular dock with an area of about {{convert|10|acre}}, capable of accommodating around 120 ships. It was named '''Howland Great Wet Dock''' in honour of John Howland. Designed by local shipwright, John Wells, the dock was intended to refit [[:Category:Ships of the British East India Company|East India ships]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2010}}

In a picture of about 1717, it can be seen in a rural setting some miles outside the (much smaller) city of London, lined with trees on three sides (to act as windbreaks) and with the Russell family's mansion situated at the western end. Unlike the later docks, it was not built with [[Shipping|cargo traffic]] in mind; it did not have walls, [[warehouse]]s or other commercial facilities. Instead, it was promoted as being capable of accommodating ships "without the trouble of shifting, [[Mooring (watercraft)|mooring]] or unmooring any in the dock for taking in or out any other". It was essentially a re-fitting base where ships could be repaired and berthed in a sheltered [[Anchorage (maritime)|anchorage]]. It was aided in this regard by its proximity to the dockyards at [[Deptford]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2010}}
{{clearleft}}
===Whaling and timber trades===
[[File:Greenland Dock 1763.jpg|thumb|Manuscript plan of the Greenland Dock, 1763]]
From the 1720s, [[Greenland]] whalers also used the dock and substantial [[blubber]] boiling houses were built to produce oil on the south side. Howland Great Wet Dock was sold by the [[John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford|fourth Duke of Bedford]] in 1763. Extensive usage by the Greenland [[whaling ship]]s prompted the dock to be renamed ''Greenland Dock''. However, this trade declined sharply by the start of the 19th century.

In 1806 the dock was sold to William Richie, a [[Greenwich]] timber merchant and founder of the Commercial Dock Company (1807). The Company built a series of additional docks and two new timber ponds to the north while rival companies built additional docks, leading to the jumble of harbours, canals and timber ponds. In 1865, the company merged with the neighbouring Surrey Docks to form the [[Surrey Commercial Docks]], controlling some 80% of [[British timber trade|London's timber trade]].

Greenland Dock remained at the centre of London's timber trade for well over a century to come. It was lined with warehouses and immense piles of construction timber or "[[Softwood|deal wood]]", which were maintained by the athletic [[deal porters]]. Much of the timber arrived aboard small sailing vessels from the [[Baltic region]], although these were eventually displaced by large steamers.

===Expansion and decline===
[[File:Greenland dock 1927.jpg|thumb|right|Unloading timber at Greenland Dock, 1927]]
Between 1895 and 1904 Greenland Dock was greatly extended to the west at a cost of £940,000, in a project carried out under Sir [[John Wolfe Barry]], the engineer who built [[Tower Bridge]]. More than doubling in length and nearly doubling in depth, in its final form it covered an area of {{convert|22+1/2|acre}}, with a depth of {{convert|31|ft}} and a length of {{convert|2250|ft}}, which cut straight across the old [[Grand Surrey Canal]]. It was also given a large lock, {{convert|550|ft}} long, {{convert|80|ft|m}} wide and {{convert|35|ft|m}} deep. This renovation enabled the dock to take large cargo ships and even ocean-going liners. [[Cunard Line]] A-class vessels of as much as {{convert|14,000|LT}}, driven by large steam engines and carrying passengers and cargoes in both directions, sailed regularly from Greenland Dock to the [[St. Lawrence River]] in [[Canada]]. They were considered huge ships for so far upstream and they had to be swung round in the river to enter the lock.

In 1909 the dock, along with all of the other London docks, was amalgamated into the [[Port of London]] under the management of the [[Port of London Authority]].

In the same era as the big steamships there were, by contrast, the barques and barquentines of less than a tenth the size that brought timber from Finland: survivors of the age of sail with three or more masts and representatives of the Baltic side of the timber trade. Finland Quay, Swedish Quay, Norway Dock and Russia Dock were some of the names arising from what had been the original part of Rotherhithe's timber trade.

Greenland Dock suffered greatly during [[World War II]], when many of the warehouses were razed by [[Germany|German]] bombing and the great lock was rendered unusable due to bomb damage. It soon recovered after the war and enjoyed a brief resurgence of prosperity. However, technological changes in the shipping industry soon pushed the dock into a spiral of decline. The deal porters' jobs were abolished from 1958 when timber started to be packaged. Not long afterwards, the shipping industry moved ''en masse'' to the system of [[containerization]], which required bulk carriers far too large to be accommodated in the London docks. In 1970, the Surrey Commercial Docks were closed. Greenland Dock was sold to [[London Borough of Southwark|Southwark]] council.
{{clearleft}}

==Redevelopment==
[[File:Greenland Dock.jpg|thumb|right|The ILEA water sports centre, 1980]]
[[File:SurreyQuayssign.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Greenland Dock, Surrey Quays, circa 1995]]
The Surrey Docks remained derelict for over a decade, with much of the warehousing demolished and over 90% of the docks filled in. Greenland Dock, which now belonged to the local authority, escaped this fate and in 1981 was handed over to the [[London Docklands Development Corporation]]. During this period the [[Inner London Education Authority]] ran a Surrey Docks Watersports Centre on the dock from a series of portable cabins at the Redriff Road end of the dock. It was at this centre many young people who would not have been exposed to sailing or canoeing were trained.

A masterplan was produced that advocated evicting the remaining industrial occupiers of the quaysides and transforming the dock into a residential area. This went ahead in the late 1980s despite some controversy, with seven residential developments being constructed on the site of the former warehouse complexes (and named after them; hence Swedish Yard became Swedish Quay, Brunswick Yard became Brunswick Quay, Baltic Yard became [[Baltic Quay]] and so on). Today the area is dominated by luxury residential developments, such as the Greenland Passage development and the [[gated community|gated]] [[New Caledonian Wharf]]. Additionally, a new watersports centre was constructed on the site of the former entrance to the now infilled Grand Surrey Canal. This has maintained the dock as a popular site for sailing, windsurfing, canoeing and dragon boat racing.

The dock itself is still substantially intact, other than its former entrances and exits, all but one of which have been filled in or blocked. It still has a working connection to [[South Dock, Rotherhithe|South Dock]], which is now a marina, and it has a small marina of its own at its eastern end. There are no traces of the former warehouses, although many of the old [[capstan (nautical)|capstan]]s and some of the hydraulic machines on the quayside have been preserved.

The alternative comedian [[Malcolm Hardee]] drowned in the dock in 2005 while stepping onto his houseboat, ''Sea Sovereign'', from the floating pub he owned, the ''Wibbley Wobbley'', which was moored at the Thames end of Greenland Dock.

==Transport==
[[File:Greenland dock thames.jpg|thumb|Residential development at Greenland Dock]]
The nearest [[List of London Underground stations|London Underground station]] is [[Canada Water tube station|Canada Water]] on the [[Jubilee line]]. The nearest [[London Overground|London Overground stations]] are [[Surrey Quays railway station|Surrey Quays]] and Canada Water, on the [https://tfl.gov.uk/overground/route/windrush/ Windrush line].

[[Thames Clipper]]s' [[Water taxi|water-bus]] serves [[Greenland Pier]]. The [[Thames Path]] passes along the southern bank of the [[River Thames]].

==Nearby places==
*[[Canada Water]]
*[[Russia Dock Woodland]]
*[[South Dock, Rotherhithe|South Dock]]
*[[Surrey Quays]]

==Further reading==
*''Shipbuilding in Rotherhithe – Greenland Dock & Barnard's Wharf'' by Stuart Rankin, Bib Id 482821
*''Shipbuilding in Rotherhithe – An historical introduction'' by Stuart Rankin, Bib Id 488375, pp. 5–6

==External links==
*John Butler's Landscape Photography page on [http://www.jbutler.org.uk/London/Southwark/Rotherhithe.shtml Rotherhithe]

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[[Category:London docks]]
[[Category:Geography of the London Borough of Southwark]]
[[Category:Port of London]]
[[Category:Rotherhithe]]