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Marie Collings

2025-08-14T16:01:52Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9:

{{EngvarB|date=January 2014}}
{{Short description|Guernsey heiress (1791–1853)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image =
| title = [[List of seigneurs of Sark|Dame of Sark]]
| term =1852–1853
| successor =[[William Thomas Collings]]
| predecessor =[[Pierre Carey le Pelley]]
| image_size =
| caption =
| birth_date = 1791
| birth_place =
| birth_name =Marie Allaire
| death_date = {{death year and age|1853|1791}}
| death_place =
| religion =
| spouse =Thomas Guérin Collings
| children =[[William Thomas Collings]]
| parents =[[John Allaire]]
}}
'''Marie Collings''' (née '''Allaire'''; 1791–1853), sometimes referred to as '''Mary Collings''', was a wealthy [[Guernsey]] heiress who ruled as [[List of seigneurs of Sark|Dame]] of [[Sark]] (island) from 1852 to 1853, being the island's second female ruler and the first holder of the fief from the presently ruling seigneurial family. She inherited the fortune of her father, the [[privateer]] [[John Allaire]], who had obtained the mortgage on the [[fief]] shortly before his death. The island's then-ruling seigneur, [[Pierre Carey le Pelley]], soon had no option but to sell the fief to Collings, but she never actively governed it.

== Background ==

Collings was born into a wealthy family from [[Guernsey]], one of the [[Channel Islands]]. She was one of the two daughters of the [[privateer]] [[John Allaire]] (1762–1846), the other one being Catherine Allaire.<ref name="Marshall">{{cite book|last=Marshall|first=Michael|publisher=Paramount-Lithoprint|title=Hitler envaded Sark|year=1967|page=39}}</ref> Her father was reputedly the most affluent man in Guernsey, whose fortune appears to have stemmed not only from privateering during the [[Napoleonic Wars]], but also from outright [[piracy]].<ref name="Ewen"/> She was married to Thomas Guérin Collings, [[Connétable (Jersey and Guernsey)|Constable]] of the Town and Parish of [[Saint Peter Port]].<ref name="Reports">{{cite book|title=Reports from commissioners, 1847–1848|year=1848}}</ref> The couple had a son, [[William Thomas Collings]] (1823–1882), and several daughters. Collings' husband died in 1832.<ref name="Ewen">{{cite book|last1=Ewen|first1=Alfred Harry|first2=Allan Roper|last2=De Carteret|title=The Fief of Sark|publisher=Guernsey P.|location=[[Guernsey]]|year=1969|pages=101–102}}</ref>

== Mortgage ==

[[File:Collings Coat of Arms, Sark.JPG|thumb|upright|Collings family coat of arms at the gate of the Seigneurie]]
On 24 February 1844, desperate for funds to continue the operation of the [[Silver mining|silver mine]] on the island, the then-[[Seigneur of Sark]] [[Ernest le Pelley]] obtained [[The Crown#Crown Dependencies|crown permission]] to mortgage the [[fief]] of Sark for £4,000 to Collings' father. The latter died within two years, leaving his wealth to his daughters.<ref name="Laughton">{{cite book|first1=Leonard George Carr|last1=Laughton|first2=Roger Charles|last2=Anderson|first3=William Gordon|last3=Perrin|publisher=Society for Nautical Research|title=The Mariner's Mirror, Volume 72|year=1986|page=82}}</ref> The mortgage and the [[List of tenants of Jethou|tenement]] of the island of [[Jethou]] passed to Collings.<ref name="Ewen"/><ref name="Laughton"/> The mine closed in 1847, two years after the uninsured collapse of its deepest gallery, and when Ernest le Pelley died in 1849 his successor, [[Pierre Carey le Pelley]], was unable to keep up his mortgage payments to Collings. She then decided to [[foreclosure|foreclose]] the mortgage, forcing him to seek [[Queen Victoria]]'s permission to sell the seigneurie of Sark on 10 November 1852. The widowed Marie Collings bought it on 4 December for £6,000 less the sum borrowed and an accumulated interest of £616.13s,<ref name="Ewen"/> for a total of £1,383.<ref name="Marr">{{cite book|last=Marr|first=James|author-link=James Marr (author)|title=Guernsey people|year=1984|isbn=0850335299|publisher=Phillimore}}</ref>

== Seigneurship ==

By the time she became Dame of Sark, she was already too old to actively participate in the government of the island. She never visited it during her tenure, "to the regret of the Sark people".<ref name="Guernsey">{{cite book|title=The Guernsey Magazine: A Monthly Illustrated Journal of Useful Information, Instruction, and Entertainment, Volume 2|year=1873}}</ref> [[La Seigneurie]], official residence of the ruler of Sark, was modernised and extended during Collings' brief rule, just like it was in the 1730s, when another widow, [[Susanne le Pelley]], bought the fief.<ref name="Sark">{{cite news|url=http://www.laseigneuriegardens.com/history.html|title=History of La Seigneurie|date=2012}}</ref> Collings meanwhile resided in Guernsey, and was represented in Sark by her only son and [[heir apparent]], the Anglican priest [[William Thomas Collings]]. He succeeded her as seigneur of Sark upon her death in 1853, less than a year after the purchase.<ref name="Marshall"/> She was also survived by a daughter, Catherine Ann Allaire Ozanne (1826–1879). The island remains in Collings' family through the children of William Thomas and [[Louisa Collings]].<ref>{{Cite ODNB |title=Lukis, Frederick Corbin (1788–1871), antiquary and natural historian |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-69159 |access-date=2024-07-03 |date=2004 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/69159}}</ref> Her descendant [[Christopher Beaumont, 23rd Seigneur of Sark|Christopher Beaumont]] is the current seigneur.<ref name="Marr"/>

==References==
<references/>

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of seigneurs of Sark|Dame of Sark]]|
years=1852–1853|
before=[[Pierre Carey le Pelley]]|
after=[[William Thomas Collings]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{seigneurs of Sark}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Collings, Marie}}
[[Category:1791 births]]
[[Category:1853 deaths]]
[[Category:Guernsey people]]
[[Category:Guernsey women]]
[[Category:Seigneurs of Sark]]
[[Category:19th-century women monarchs]]

Peter Paul Dobrée

2025-08-14T15:48:52Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9:

{{Short description|British classical scholar and critic}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Peter Paul Dobrée
| image = Peter Paul Dobree (1782–1825).jpg
| caption = Peter Paul Dobrée, 1866
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1782|6|26|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Guernsey]], [[Channel Islands]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1825|9|24|1782|6|26|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Cambridge]], England
| alma_mater = Cambridge
| occupation = [[Classical scholar]], [[critic]]
| nationality = British
}}

'''Peter Paul Dobrée''' (26 June 1782{{snd}}24 September 1825) was a British [[classical scholar]] and [[critic]].

==Early life and education==
He was born in 1782 in [[Guernsey]], the [[Channel Islands]] to the Reverend William Dobrée.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Agnew |first1=David Carnegie Andrew |title=Protestant Exiles from France in the Reign of Louis XIV: Or, the Huguenot Refugees and Their Descendants in Great Britain and Ireland |date=1874 |publisher=Reeves & Turner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9U44AQAAMAAJ&dq=Guernsey,+peter+paul+dobree&pg=PA105 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanks |first1=Patrick |last2=Coates |first2=Richard |last3=McClure |first3=Peter |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland |date=2016-11-17 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-252747-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AyDDQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Peter+Paul+Dobr%C3%A9e%22&pg=PA735 |language=en}}</ref> He was educated at [[Reading School]] under [[Richard Valpy]] and at [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he was elected fellow.<ref>{{acad|id=DBRY800PP|name=Dobrée, Peter Paul}}</ref>

==Career==
Dobrée was an intimate friend of [[Richard Porson]], whom he took as his model in [[textual criticism]], although he showed less caution in [[conjectural emendation]]. After Porson's death (1808) Dobrée was commissioned with [[James Henry Monk]] and [[Charles James Blomfield]] to edit his [[literary remains]], which had been bequeathed to Trinity College.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Dobree, Peter Paul|volume=8|page=351}}</ref>

Illness and a subsequent journey to [[Iglesias, Sardinia]] to visit Fabrizio Dobre delayed the work until 1820, when Dobree brought out the ''[[Plutus (play)|Plutus]]'' of [[Aristophanes]] (with his own and Porson's notes) and all Porson's ''Aristophanica''. Two years later, he published the ''Lexicon'' of [[Photios I of Constantinople|Photius]] from Porson's transcript of the Gale manuscript in Trinity College library, to which he appended a ''Lexicon rhetoricum'', from the margin of a Cambridge manuscript of [[Harpocration]].<ref name="EB1911"/>

He was appointed [[Regius Professor of Greek (Cambridge)|Regius Professor of Greek]] in 1823.<ref name=priaulxlibrary/> He died on 24 September 1825<ref>{{cite book |last1=Luard |first1=Henry Richards |title=A chronological list of the graces, documents, and other papers in the University registry, which concern the University library [by H.R. Luard]. |date=1870 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ruYGAAAAQAAJ&dq=Dobr%C3%A9e+died+1825&pg=PA31 |language=en}}</ref> at Trinity College, after a short illness.<ref name=priaulxlibrary>{{Cite web| url=http://www.priaulxlibrary.co.uk/articles/article/peter-paul-dobrée-his-friend-economist-george-pryme| title=Peter Paul Dobree, by his friend, the economist George Pryme| last=Pryme| first =George| date=1870| website=Priaulx Library| publisher=[[Priaulx Library]]| access-date=December 29, 2015}}</ref>

[[James Scholefield]], his successor in the Greek professorship, brought out selections from his notes (''Adversaria'', 1831–1833) on Greek and Latin authors (especially the orators), and a reprint of the ''Lexicon rhetoricum'', together with notes on inscriptions (1834–1835).<ref name="EB1911"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dobree, Peter Paul}}
[[Category:1782 births]]
[[Category:1825 deaths]]
[[Category:Guernsey people]]
[[Category:People educated at Reading School]]
[[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Members of the University of Cambridge faculty of classics]]
[[Category:English classical scholars]]
[[Category:English male writers]]
[[Category:Regius Professors of Greek (Cambridge)]]

{{Guernsey-bio-stub}}

Arthur Maurice Hocart

2025-08-14T15:40:26Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9:

{{Short description|Belgian-born British anthropologist (1883–1939)}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=April 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
'''Arthur Maurice Hocart''' (26 April 1883, in [[Etterbeek]], Belgium – 9 March 1939, in [[Cairo]], Egypt) was an [[anthropologist]] best known for his eccentric and often far-seeing works on [[Polynesia]], [[Melanesia]], and [[Sri Lanka]].

==Early life==
Hocart's family had resided for several hundred years in [[Guernsey]] (one of the [[Channel Islands]] between France and England) but are traceable to [[Domrémy-la-Pucelle]], birthplace of [[Joan of Arc]]. Both his father, James and grandfather, also James, were [[Protestantism|Protestant]] missionaries in Switzerland, France and Belgium. Although Arthur was born in Etterbeek, near [[Brussels]], he maintained his British nationality, as did the rest of his family. This juxtaposition between the English and Francophone worlds captures not only Hocart's education, but his status as an outsider to British academia. His work often seemed to predict developments in French [[anthropology]], such as [[structuralism]].


==From England to the South Seas==
After attending school at [[Elizabeth College, Guernsey]], Hocart matriculated at [[Exeter College, Oxford|Exeter College]], [[Oxford University|Oxford]] in 1902. He graduated with honors in "[[Literae Humaniores|Greats]]", a degree combining Latin, Greek, ancient history, and philosophy. After his graduation in 1906 he spent two years studying [[psychology]] and [[Phenomenology (philosophy)|phenomenology]] at the [[University of Berlin]]. With this broad and idiosyncratic training in hand, he was picked by [[W.H.R. Rivers]] to accompany him on the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the [[Solomon Islands]] in 1908. Their ethnographic work on 'Eddystone Island' (today known by its local name of Simbo) and in nearby [[Roviana]], stands as one of the first modern anthropological field projects, and was the inspiration behind sections of [[Pat Barker]]'s novel ''[[The Ghost Road]]''. Some of the data from the expedition appeared in Rivers' ''History of Melanesian Society'' in 1914, but most of their work did not make it into print until 1922, when Hocart began to publish a series of articles describing the core material. Immediately after his fieldwork in the Solomon Islands, Hocart travelled further east to [[Fiji]], where he became the headmaster of Lau Provincial School, on the island of [[Lakeba]] in the [[Lau Islands|Lau archipelago]]. At the same time, he maintained a research affiliation with Oxford and traveled widely through western Polynesia, conducting research in Fiji, [[Rotuma]], [[Wallis and Futuna|Wallis Island]], [[Samoa]], and [[Tonga]]. The result was roughly six years of ethnographic fieldwork that formed the basis for Hocart's reputation today as one of the most important early ethnographers of [[Oceania]].

==A military man in Ceylon==
In 1914 Hocart returned to Oxford to pursue postgraduate studies in anthropology, a position that also included some teaching. However, [[World War I]] interrupted his progress and he spent the next four years in France, in army intelligence. In 1919 he mustered out of the army having reached the rank of captain. Hocart then began what was to be a long exile from British academia to a series of posts in the [[British Empire]]. After a year-long study of [[Sanskrit]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Pāli]], and [[Sinhalese language|Sinhalese]] he moved to Ceylon (now [[Sri Lanka]]) to become the Archaeological Commissioner of Ceylon, where he oversaw the excavation and preservation of monumental architecture and other archaeological sites. With experience of the ancient Mediterranean, Polynesia and Melanesia, and South Asia now under his belt Hocart began publishing widely comparative studies on many topics, including that of Kingship. In 1925 Hocart suffered a bout of severe [[dysentery]] and returned to England to recover. By the late 1920s his poor health and politics within the colonial bureaucracy made Ceylon seem a poorer and poorer choice for him. He once again attempted (and failed) to obtain a position at [[Cambridge University|Cambridge]] before finally retiring to England in 1929 on a pension.

==London to Cairo==
Beginning in 1931 Hocart served for three years as an Honorary Lecturer in Ethnology at [[University College London]] which allowed him to give classes occasionally. He applied to Cambridge once more – this time for the chair in social anthropology – but was again unsuccessful. In 1934 he moved to [[Cairo]] where he served as the Professor of Sociology, the only academic position he held in his life. Poor health dogged him and he died in 1939 after contracting an infection in the course of research in [[Egypt]].

==A career admired==
Hocart's professional career took place at a time when British anthropologists were moving from an emphasis on [[diffusion]] and historical reconstruction to a more 'scientific' form of [[Structural functionalism|functionalism]]. Hocart's broad training and willingness to explore a wide variety of approaches produced work that was often poorly received by colleagues who repudiated past work in order to legitimize anthropology as a [[hard science]]. Interest in his work was revived in the 1960s when authors such as [[Lord Raglan (author)|Lord Raglan]], [[Rodney Needham]], and [[Louis Dumont (anthropologist)|Louis Dumont]] returned to Hocart's work as a source of theoretical inspiration. Today he is remembered for his ethnography of the Pacific and as an author whose work presaged the advent of [[structuralism]].

==Works==
*"The Cult of the Sead in Eddystone of the Solomons", ''Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland'', 52; 71–117, 259–305. (1922)
*"The Origin of Monotheism", ''Folklore'', Vol. 33, No. 3 (30 September 1922), pp. 282–293
*''Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of Ceylon (1924–36)'' editor with S. Paranavitana
*''Kingship'' (London: Oxford University Press, 1927)
*''The Progress of Man: A Short Survey of His Evolution, His Customs, and His Works'' (London: Methuen & Co., 1933)
*''Kings and Councillors: An Essay in the Comparative Anatomy of Human Society'' (Cairo: Printing Office Paul Barbey, 1936; series: Egyptian University: Collection of Works Published by the Faculty of Arts)
* ''Les castes'' (Paris: Paul Geuthner, 1938; series: Ministère de l'Education nationale: Annales du Musée Guimet: Bibliothèque de vulgarisation), preface by [[Marcel Mauss]]
*''Caste: A Comparative Study'' (London: Methuen & Co., 1950; reprinted by Taylor & Francis in Routledge Revivals series, 2018)<ref>[https://archive.org/details/routledge-revivals-a.-m.-hocart-caste-a-comparative-study-1950-2018-routledge-10/mode/2up Caste: A Comparative Study], archive.org. Retrieved 7 June 2025.</ref>
*''The Life-giving Myth and Other Essays'' (Methuen & Co., 1952), edited with an introduction by Lord Raglan
*''The Northern States of Fiji'' (London: Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 1952)
*''Social Origins'' (London: Watts, 1954)
*''Le Mythe Sorcier et autres essais'' (1962; 2nd ed.: Paris: Payot, 1973, series: Petite bibliothèque Payot, 220)
*''Imagination and Proof: Selected Essays of A. M. Hocart'' (Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, 1987), editor: [[Rodney Needham]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

Works consulted have also included:
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=5aAKdONZkh8C&dq=Arthur+Maurice+Hocart&pg=PA48 "Hocart, Arthur Maurice (1883-1939)"] (entry), in: Gérald Gaillard, ''The Routledge Dictionary of Anthropologists'', London: Routledge, 2004, translated by Peter James Bowman from the French ''Dictionnaire des ethnologues et des anthropologues'' (Paris: Armand Colin, 1997, series: Cursus)
* ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8EZAAAAMAAJ&q=Arthur+Maurice+Hocart Man]'', Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 1938

== Further reading ==
{{wikisource|works=or}}
* Rodney Needham, ''Bibliography of Arthur Maurice Hocart'' (Blackwell, 1967)
* Rodney Needham, editor's Introduction to ''Kings and Councillors'' (University of Chicago Press 1970)
* Lucien Scubla, "L'Anthropologie a-elle fait des progrès depuis Hocart", 2002, I and II, in: ''Revue du MAUSS'', n° 18 et 19, 40 pp.
* R. Jon McGee and Richard L. Warms, "Hocart, Arthur M.", in: ''Theory in Social and Cultural Anthropology: An Encyclopedia'', SAGE Publications, 2013 (ISBN 9781452276304)
* Cato Berg and Edvard Hviding, ''The Ethnographic Experiment: A. M. Hocart and W. H. R. Rivers in Island Melanesia, 1908'', Berghahn Books, 2014 (ISBN 9781782383437)
* Frederic W. Gleach and Regna Darnell, "A. M. Hocart : Reflections on a Master Ethnologist and His Work", in: ''Anthropologists and Their Traditions Across National Borders'', Nebraska, November 2014 (ISBN 9780803253360), pp. 41–67

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hocart, Arthur Maurice}}
[[Category:1883 births]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
[[Category:Guernsey people]]
[[Category:People educated at Elizabeth College, Guernsey]]
[[Category:Alumni of Exeter College, Oxford]]
[[Category:British anthropologists]]
[[Category:British expatriates in Fiji]]
[[Category:20th-century anthropologists]]

Wallace Le Patourel

2025-08-14T15:29:54Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9:

{{short description|British army officer & recipient of the Victoria Cross (1916-1979)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
|name = Wallace Le Patourel
|image = Wallace Le Patourel.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =
|birth_date = 20 June 1916
|birth_name = Herbert Wallace Le Patourel
|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1979|09|04|1916|06|20}}
|birth_place = [[Guernsey]], [[Channel Islands]]
|death_place = [[Chewton Mendip]], [[Somerset]], England
|placeofburial =
|nickname =
|allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}}
|branch = {{army|United Kingdom}}
|serviceyears = 1938–1962
|servicenumber = 72117
|rank = [[Brigadier (United Kingdom)|Brigadier]]
|commands =
|unit = [[Royal Hampshire Regiment]]
|battles = [[World War II]]
|awards = [[Victoria Cross]] [[Mentioned in dispatches]]
|relations = {{nowrap|Professor [[John Le Patourel]] (brother)}} [[Sir William Ehrman]] (son-in-law)
}}

[[Brigadier (United Kingdom)|Brigadier]] '''Herbert Wallace Le Patourel''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|VC}} (20 June 1916 – 4 September 1979) was a British recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]], the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces.

==Early life==
Le Patourel was born in [[Guernsey]], [[Channel Islands]] on 20 June 1916. His father, Herbert Augustus Le Patourel, was procureur (Attorney General) of Guernsey from 1929 to 1934.<ref>[https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-71084?backToResults=list%3Dyes%7Cgroup%3Dyes%7Cfeature%3Dyes%7Caor%3D1%7CorderField%3Dalpha&docPos=99 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography] {{dead link|date=November 2018}}</ref> He was educated at [[Elizabeth College, Guernsey]], and represented the school at [[shooting sports|shooting]] and [[field hockey|hockey]]. On leaving school he worked as a bank clerk from 1934 to 1937.<ref name="auto">Who was who 1971-1980, A. & C. Black, St Martin's Press, p. 465</ref> He joined the [[British Army]], being [[Officer (armed forces)|commissioned]] a [[second lieutenant]] into the [[Hampshire Regiment]] in 1938 and was promoted to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|captain]] in 1941, during the [[Second World War]].

==VC details==
Le Patourel was 26 years old, and a temporary [[Major (United Kingdom)|major]] in the 2nd Battalion, [[Hampshire Regiment]] (later the Royal Hampshire Regiment), [[British Army during the Second World War]] when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the [[Victoria Cross]].

On 3 December 1942 at [[Tebourba]], [[Tunisia]], enemy forces were holding high ground and resisting all efforts in dislodge them. Le Patourel called for four volunteers to go with him and they attacked and silenced several of the machine-gun posts. When all his men became casualties, he went on alone to engage the enemy, using his pistol and hurling hand grenades.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue= 35929|date=5 March 1943 |page=1117|supp=y}}</ref>

Initial reports from other wounded soldiers suggested that Le Patourel had been [[killed in action]], and he was awarded the VC posthumously. He was later discovered to have survived, been taken prisoner and was in hospital in Italy. He was repatriated in 1943, and awarded his Victoria Cross at a ceremony in [[Cairo]], Egypt.

==Later career==
Shortly after his repatriation, Le Patourel returned to active service. He went on to serve as [[brigade major]] in [[North West Europe Campaign|north-western Europe]] 1944–45 where he was [[mentioned in dispatches]]. In November 1945, he was appointed an Instructor at the [[Pakistan Command and Staff College|Staff College]], [[Quetta]], and was promoted to [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|lieutenant colonel]]. He later achieved the rank of [[Brigadier (United Kingdom)|brigadier]].

He paid an official visit to his native [[Guernsey]] at its [[Liberation Day|Liberation]] in 1945, and was officially welcomed home by the [[States of Guernsey]] on the anniversary of the liberation in 1948.

Le Patourel was later appointed as a [[Deputy Lieutenant]] of the [[County of Avon]], and was a director of [[John Harvey & Sons|Harveys of Bristol]] from 1969.<ref name="auto"/>

He married Babette Theresa Beattie in 1949, and had two daughters.<ref name="auto"/> One daughter, Penelope Ann Le Patourel, is the wife of [[Sir William Ehrman]]. His brother, [[John Le Patourel]], [[British Academy|FBA]], was [[Professor]] of [[Medieval History]] at the [[University of Leeds]] from 1945 to 1974.

In 2002, a series of six [[List of postage stamps of Guernsey|postage stamps]] was issued by [[Guernsey Post]] depicting Le Patourel's life. On 18 July 2015, a blue plaque was unveiled on his childhood home, celebrating the lives of Le Patourel and his brother, John.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/guernseymuseums/posts/960563134011400 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/148693818531673/960563134011400 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |url-access=limited|title=Guernsey Museums|website=Facebook.com|accessdate=24 November 2018}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==The medal==
Le Patourel's Victoria Cross is displayed in the [[Royal Hampshire Regiment Museum]], [[Lower Barracks]], [[Winchester]], England.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://serleshouse.co.uk/|title=serleshouse.co.uk|website=Serleshouse.co.uk|accessdate=24 November 2018}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of Channel Islands Victoria Cross recipients]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
*[[British VCs of World War 2]] (John Laffin, 1997)
*[[Monuments to Courage]] (David Harvey, 1999)
*[[The Register of the Victoria Cross]] (This England, 1997)

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20041028141858/http://www.homeusers.prestel.co.uk/stewart/avon.htm Location of grave and VC medal] ''(Avon)''
*[http://www.pauljerrard.com/Reg_History/VictoriaCross.html Royal Hamps VCs] – scroll down for the citation

{{DEFAULTSORT:Le Patourel, Wallace}}
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:1979 deaths]]
[[Category:Guernsey people]]
[[Category:People educated at Elizabeth College, Guernsey]]
[[Category:Royal Hampshire Regiment officers]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:British World War II prisoners of war]]
[[Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Italy]]
[[Category:British World War II recipients of the Victoria Cross]]
[[Category:British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross]]
[[Category:British Army brigadiers]]
[[Category:Academics of the Staff College, Quetta]]
[[Category:Deputy lieutenants of Avon]]

John Frederick McCrea

2025-08-14T15:23:42Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9: - Category:People from the Bailiwick of Guernsey + Category:People from Saint Peter Port

{{Other people|John McCrea}}{{Short description|English-born South African soldier and recipient of the Victoria Cross}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
| name = John Frederick McCrea
| image = John Frederick McCrea.jpg
| caption =
| birth_date = 2 April 1854
| death_date = 16 July 1894 (aged 40)
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial =
| birth_place = [[Saint Peter Port]], [[Guernsey]]
| death_place = [[Kokstad, KwaZulu-Natal|Kokstad]], [[Cape Colony]], South Africa
| placeofburial_coordinates = 
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Cape Colony (1876–1910).svg}} [[Cape Colony]]
| branch = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Cape Colony (1876–1910).svg}} [[Cape Colonial Forces]]
| serviceyears =
| rank = Surgeon Major
| unit = [[Cape Mounted Yeomanry]] [[Cape Mounted Riflemen]]
| commands =
| battles = [[Basuto Gun War]]
| awards = [[File:UK Victoria Cross ribbon bar.svg|30px]] [[Victoria Cross]]
| relations =
| laterwork =
}}

'''John Frederick McCrea''' [[Victoria Cross|VC]] (2 April 1854 – 16 July 1894) was an English-born South African soldier and recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]], the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces.

==Early life==
McCrea was born on 2 April 1854 at [[Saint Peter Port]], [[Guernsey]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ashcroft|first1=Michael|title=Victoria Cross Heroes|date=2006|isbn=0755316320|page=[https://archive.org/details/victoriacrossher0000ashc/page/94 94]|url=https://archive.org/details/victoriacrossher0000ashc/page/94}}</ref> to [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]] Herbert Taylor McCrea and Elizabeth Dobree Carey.<ref name="ClanMcCrea">{{cite web|url=http://www.clan-macrae.org.uk/scotland/articles.cfm?ID=17 |title=People of Clan McCrea |accessdate=14 January 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213133840/http://www.clan-macrae.org.uk/scotland/articles.cfm?ID=17 |archivedate=13 February 2012 }}</ref> Following his parents' deaths in 1855, he was brought up by his aunt Charlotte in [[Guernsey]]<ref name="RAMC Journal">{{cite journal | url=http://www.ramcjournal.com/2011/dec11/starling_jramc_157_4_2011.pdf | title=The Medical Victoria Crosses - RAMC Journal }}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and educated at [[Elizabeth College, Guernsey|Elizabeth College]].<ref name ="ClanMcCrea"/> He then studied medicine at [[Guy's Hospital]], qualifying in 1878 as a member of the [[Royal College of Surgeons of England]] and [[Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh|Edinburgh]].<ref name ="ClanMcCrea"/>

In 1879 he went to South Africa, where he did duty at the Military Hospital in [[Cape Town]] as Civilian Surgeon to Her Majesty's Forces. A year later he moved to [[Fort Beaufort, Eastern Cape]] to settle, but decided instead to join the 1st Regiment, Cape Mounted Yeomanry as a surgeon.<ref name ="ClanMcCrea"/>

==Details==

McCrea was 26 years old, and a [[surgery|Surgeon]] in the 1st [[Cape Mounted Yeomanry]], [[Cape Colonial Forces]] during the [[Basuto Gun War]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ashcroft|first1=Michael|title=Victoria Cross Heroes|date=2006|isbn=0755316320|page=[https://archive.org/details/victoriacrossher0000ashc/page/93 93]|url=https://archive.org/details/victoriacrossher0000ashc/page/93}}</ref> when he performed the following actions for which he was awarded the VC.

On 14 January 1881, at Tweefontein, [[Basutoland]], South Africa, the burghers had been forced to retire under a most determined enemy attack, with a loss of 16 killed and 21 wounded. Surgeon McCrea was the only doctor present and notwithstanding a serious wound on the breast bone, which he dressed himself, he most gallantly took the casualties into shelter and continued to attend to the wounded throughout the day. Had it not been for this devotion to duty on the part of Surgeon McCrea, there would undoubtedly have been much greater suffering and loss of life.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=24989|page=3239|date=28 June 1881}}</ref>

==Further career==
McCrea was promoted to the rank of Surgeon Major and on 3 February 1882 was transferred to the [[Cape Mounted Riflemen]].<ref name = "SESA">{{cite encyclopedia|title = McCrea, John Frederick|encyclopedia = Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa|volume = 7|pages = 88–89|publisher = Nasou Limited|year = 1971|isbn = 978-0-625-00324-2}}</ref>

He remained with the regiment and married a South African, Elizabeth Antoinette (Bessie) Watermeyer.<ref name ="ClanMcCrea"/> He died of heart failure at his home in [[Kokstad, KwaZulu-Natal|Kokstad]], [[Cape Colony]] on 16 July 1894.<ref name = "SESA"/> His widow died on 5 November 1936 in [[Exmouth]], [[Devon]]. She was buried in [[Littleham, Exmouth]].<ref>[http://www.reeler.co.za/familytree2/pafg60.htm#1515 Reeler Family Tree]</ref>

Photos of McCrea exist in the Cape Town Military Museum and in the [[South African National Museum of Military History]].<ref name ="ClanMcCrea"/> His VC is on display in the [[Lord Ashcroft VC Gallery]] at the [[Imperial War Museum]], London.

A painting of McCrea winning his Victoria Cross was completed by Eric Wale of [[Cape Town]] for the [[Royal Army Medical Corps|Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC)]] in [[Millbank]], United Kingdom.<ref name = "SESA"/>

==See also==
*[[List of Channel Islands Victoria Cross recipients]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:McCrea, John Frederick}}
[[Category:1854 births]]
[[Category:1894 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Saint Peter Port]]
[[Category:People educated at Elizabeth College, Guernsey]]
[[Category:English emigrants to South Africa]]
[[Category:South African people of Scottish descent]]
[[Category:Cape Colony army officers]]
[[Category:People of the Basuto Gun War]]
[[Category:South African recipients of the Victoria Cross]]

Sir Charles Carteret, 3rd Baronet

2025-08-14T14:37:18Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9: Added Category:Seigneurs of Sark

{{Short description|6th Seigneur of Sark}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
'''Sir Charles Carteret, 3rd Baronet''' (4 June 1679 – 6 June May 1715) was Seigneur of [[Sark]] from 1693 to 1715.<ref>{{cite book |title=A genealogical and heraldic history of the extinct and dormant baronetcies of England |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K1kBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA103 |year=1838 |publisher=Scott, Webster, and Geary |page=103}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur of Sark]]|
years=1693–1715|
before=[[Philippe de Carteret IV]]|
after=[[John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville|John Carteret]]}}
{{s-reg|en-bt}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Sir Philip Carteret, 2nd Baronet|Philip Carteret]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Carteret baronets|Baronet]]''' (of St Owen)'''|years=1693–1715 }}
{{s-non|reason=Extinct}}
{{s-legal}}
{{s-bef |before=Edouard de Carteret}}
{{s-ttl |title=[[List of Bailiffs of Jersey|Bailiff of Jersey]] |years=1703–1715}}
{{s-aft |after=[[John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville|John, Lord Carteret]]}}
{{S-end}}
{{seigneurs of Sark}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carteret, Charles}}
[[Category:1679 births]]
[[Category:1715 deaths]]
[[Category:Carteret family|Charles de Carteret]]
[[Category:Seigneurs of Sark]]
[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of England]]

{{Jersey-bio-stub}}

Sir Philip Carteret, 2nd Baronet

2025-08-14T14:36:46Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9: Added Category:Seigneurs of Sark

{{Short description|5th Seigneur of Sark}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2013}}
[[File:ElizabethCarteret (1665-1717) FormerlyIn WestminsterAbbey.png|thumb|Monument to Elizabeth Carteret (1665–1717), wife of Sir Philip Carteret, 2nd Baronet, formerly in [[Westminster Abbey]], now at [[Haynes Park]] in Bedfordshire. The inscription is on the thin diagonal slab held by a putto]]
'''Sir Philip Carteret, 2nd Baronet''' (c. 1650 – 1693), also known as '''Philippe de Carteret IV''', was the 5th Seigneur of [[Sark]] from 1663 to 1693.

==Origins==
He was born in about 1650, the eldest son of [[Sir Philip Carteret, 1st Baronet]] (1620–1675) (Philippe de Carteret III), the 4th Seigneur of Sark, by his wife Anne des Augres (1566–1644),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.myheritage.com/names/anne_dowse|title=Anne Dowse - Historical records and family trees - MyHeritage|website=www.myheritage.com}}</ref> daughter of Abraham Dumaresq Seig des Augres. His father died before he came of age (aged 21) in 1671.

==Career==
As the Sark court refused to allow an Anglican to preside, in 1675 Philippe requested the British crown to dissolve the court, which having been achieved by an Order in Council in 1675, he instituted in its place a jurisdiction composed of a Seneschal, Greffier and Prevot.

==Marriage and issue==

Carteret married Elizabeth Carteret (1663–1717),<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/people/carteret-family |title=Westminster Abbey » Carteret family |access-date=2016-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508063916/http://www.westminster-abbey.org/our-history/people/carteret-family |archive-date=2016-05-08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> a daughter of Sir Edward De Carteret, Seigneur De Trinity, [[Black Rod|Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod]] during the reign of King Charles II<ref>Per inscription on her monument formerly in Westminster Abbey</ref> and First Gentleman Usher Daily Waiter in Ordinary to the King,<ref>Per inscription on her brother's monument in Westminster Abbey ("To the memory of their most beloved son Edward de Carteret Gentleman, Sr Edward Carteret (Knight, Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod and First Gentleman Usher Daily Waiter in Ordinary to the King) his father and Dame Elizabeth his mother, have caused this monument to be erected. His body lieth under the stone beneath. He dyed the thirtieth day of October MDCLXXVII [1677] aged seaven yeares and nine months".)</ref> by his wife Elizabeth Johnson.<ref>Elizabeth Johnson per https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/carteret-family/</ref>

By his wife he had one son:
*[[Charles de Carteret|Sir Charles Carteret, 3rd Baronet]] (1679–1715), eldest son and heir,{{sfn|Decarteret staff|2007}} who died aged 34 and was the last in the male line of the senior line of the Carteret family. He was baptised at St Margaret's Church, Westminster on 4 June 1679, when King Charles II was one of his [[Godparent|godfather]]s. He was [[Gentleman of the Privy Chamber]] to Queen Anne and [[Bailiff of Jersey|High Bailiff of Jersey]]. He married Mary Carteret, a daughter of Amias Carteret, by whom he had a son:
**James Carteret, who predeceased his father and died without surviving issue.

==Death==
Upon his death in 1693 [[Charles de Carteret]], his eldest son, inherited his titles and lands.{{sfn|Decarteret staff|2007}}

==Monument to wife==
A monument to his wife Elizabeth Carteret (1663–1717) was in [[Westminster Abbey]] until 1847 when having become dilapidated it was removed (all but the inscription) by [[Lord John Thynne]], Sub-Dean of the Abbey and representative of the Carteret family, who re-erected it at his [[country house]] of [[Haynes Park]] in Bedfordshire. The inscription (which still survives in Westminster Abbey) is as follows: 
:''Near this place lyeth buried Dame Elizabeth Carteret daughter of Sr. Edward Carteret, Knt., Gent. Usher of ye Black Rod in the reign of K. Charles the Second Relict of Sr. Philip Carteret Bart. and by him mother of Sr. Charles Carteret Bart., her only son, interred likewise near this place by whose decease June ye 6th A.D. 1715 in ye 34th year of his age, was extinguished the eldest branch of the antient family of the name of Carteret Seigneurs of St.Ouen in ye Island of Jersey. She died March ye 26th A.D.1717 aged 52 years''.

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* {{Citation|author=Decarteret staff |date=26 March 2007 |orig-date=1996 |url=http://www.decarteret.org.uk/database/ps04/ps04_127.htm |title=Sir Phillip De Carteret S, St Ouen,5e.Sark, 1627 |publisher=Decarteret.org.uk |accessdate=1 October 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205193444/http://www.decarteret.org.uk/database/ps04/ps04_127.htm |archivedate=5 February 2012}}{{Unreliable source?|certain=y|date=December 2015|reason=Genealogical site with maintained by a non-expert}}
* {{Citation |title=Short History of Sark |publisher=Sark Government | url=http://www.sark.gov.gg/static/history.htm | accessdate=1 September 2006 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060622073533/http://www.sark.gov.gg/static/history.htm |archivedate = 22 June 2006}}

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur of Sark]]|
years=1663–1693|
before=[[Philippe de Carteret III]]|
after=[[Charles de Carteret]]}}
{{s-reg|en-bt}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Sir Philip Carteret, 1st Baronet|Philip Carteret]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Carteret baronets|Baronet]]''' (of St Owen)'''|years=c. 1672–1693 }}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sir Charles Carteret, 3rd Baronet|Charles Carteret]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{seigneurs of Sark}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carteret, Philip}}
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:1693 deaths]]
[[Category:Carteret family|Philippe de Carteret IV]]
[[Category:Seigneurs of Sark]]
[[Category:Bailiffs of Jersey|Carteret, Philippe IV, de]]
[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of England]]

Philippe de Carteret II

2025-08-14T14:36:00Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9: Added Category:Seigneurs of Sark

{{Short description|Seigneur of Sark (1584–1643)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
'''Philippe II de Carteret, 3rd Seigneur of Sark''' (18 February 1584 – 22 August 1643) was the son of [[Philippe I de Carteret]] (1552–1594) and Rachel Paulett (1564–1650), daughter of [[George Paulett]] (1534–1621) who was Bailiff of Jersey from 1583 to 1611, and his wife Elizabeth Perrin (1538–1615).

==Biography==
He matriculated at the [[University of Oxford]] at an early age in 1594, the same year he succeeded his father as [[Seigneur of Sark]].
He was knighted in 1617, and became [[Bailiff (Channel Islands)|Bailiff]] of [[Jersey]] in 1627.
He died in 1643, being succeeded in the Seigneurie by his son, [[Sir Philip Carteret, 1st Baronet|Philippe]] 4th Seigneur of Sark.

==English Civil War==
Carteret was a stanch [[Cavalier|Royalist]] during the [[English Civil War]], especially during the [[Interregnum (England)|Interregnum]]. As [[Lieutenant Governor of Jersey|Lieutenant Governor]] of the island of [[Jersey]] he would ensure the loyalty of the population to [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] and crack down on [[Roundhead|parliamentary]] sentiment from the fortress of [[Mont Orgueil]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Powell|first=J. R|title=The Navy in the English Civil War|publisher=Archon Books|year=1962|pages=28}}</ref>

When [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] came to Jersey, Philip Carteret along with his cousin [[George Carteret]] were his escorts.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hoskins|first=Samuel Elliot|title=Charles the Second in the Channel Islands: A contribution to his biography and to the history of his age. In 2 Volumes|publisher=Rich. Bentley|year=1854|pages=310–385}}</ref>

==Family==
<ref>{{Cite book|last=Payne|first=James Bertrand|url=https://archive.org/details/armorialofjersey00payn/page/68/mode/2up?q=De+Carteret|title=Armorial of Jersey : being an account, heraldic and antiquarian, of its chief native families, with pedigrees, biographical notices, and illustrative data; to which are added, a brief history of heraldry, and remarks on the mediæval antiquities of the island|date=|publisher=|year=1865|pages=100–110|oclc=1038122898}}</ref>

Carteret married Anne Dowse (1587-1664), daughter of Sir Francis Dowse (died 1649) of [[Nether Wallop]], Hampshire and his wife Elizabeth Paulet (died before 1649){{efn|Elizabeth Paulet was a great niece of [[William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester]] and a third cousin of Philippe's mother, Rachel Poulet}} They had seven sons and three daughters:<ref>{{Cite ODNB|first=Helen M. E. |last=Evans |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/4805|title=Carteret, Sir Philippe [Philip] de}}</ref>

* [[Sir Philip Carteret, 1st Baronet]] (c. 1620-1662), who succeeded him, and was father of [[Philippe de Carteret IV]].
* Peyton (died September 1652), drowned with [[Prince Maurice]].
* Zouch.
* Gideon (died 1643).
* Francis (died 1693), Attorney-General of Jersey, married Anne Seale (died c. 1704). Among their descendants were [[Elie Dumaresq (1674-1754)|Elias Dumaresq V, Seigneur of Augres]], General Sir [[Tomkyns Hilgrove Turner]] and Bodleian Librarian [[Bulkeley Bandinel]].
* Thomas de Carteret.
* Sir Edward (died 1699).
* Elizabeth (died 1697), married her cousin, [[Sir George Carteret]].
* Margaret.
* Anne de Carteret (died 1708), married Rev. [[Daniel Brevint]], [[Dean of Lincoln]] (1616-1695).

== Ancestry ==
{{ahnentafel|1. '''Philippe de Carteret II'''|2. [[Philippe de Carteret I|Philippe de Carteret I, 2nd Seigneur of Sark]]|10=10. Bailiff Helier de Carteret|3. Rachel Paulett|4. [[Hellier de Carteret|Helier de Carteret, 1st Seigneur of Sark]]|5. Margaret Dumaresq|6. [[George Paulett]]|7. Elizabeth Perrin|8. Edouard de Carteret, 9th Seigneur of Saint Ouen|9. Marie Sarre|11=11. Margaret Dumaresq|19=|12=12. [[Hugh Paulet|Sir Hugh Paulet, Governor of Jersey]]|13=13. Philippa Pollard|14=14. Edmund Perrin|15=15. Jane Holland-Carew|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}{{more citations needed|date=December 2015}}

==Further reading==
*{{citation|ref=none |last=Balleine |first=George Reginald |year=1948 |title=Biographical dictionary of Jersey |location=London & New York |publisher=Staples Press |oclc=4469057}} — contains an biographical entry for this man

{{s-start}}
{{s-legal}}
{{s-bef|before= [[Jean Herault]]}}
{{s-ttl|title= [[List of Bailiffs of Jersey|Bailiff of Jersey]] |years=1627-1643 }}
{{s-aft|after= [[Sir George Carteret, 1st Baronet|George Carteret]]}}
{{s-reg}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur of Sark]]|
years=1594–1643|
before=[[Philippe de Carteret I]]|
after=[[Philippe de Carteret III]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carteret, Philippe II, de}}
[[Category:1584 births]]
[[Category:1643 deaths]]
[[Category:Carteret family|Philippe de Carteret II]]
[[Category:Bailiffs of Jersey]]
[[Category:Seigneurs of Sark]]

{{Jersey-bio-stub}}

Hellier de Carteret

2025-08-14T14:34:20Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9: Added Category:Seigneurs of Sark

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name = Helier de Carteret
|image =
|succession = [[List of seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur of Sark]]
|reign = 1563–1578
|predecessor = Position Established
|successor = [[Philippe de Carteret I]]
|spouse = [[Margaret de Carteret]]
|issue = [[Philippe de Carteret I]]
|house =
|father = [[Édouard de Carteret]]
|mother =
|birth_date =
|birth_place =
|death_date =
|death_place =
|religion =
}}
[[File:Memorial to Helier de Carteret in St Peter's Church, Sark.jpg|thumb|right|Memorial in St Peter's Church, Sark]]
'''Helier de Carteret''' ([[floruit|fl.]] 1563 – 1578) was the first [[List of seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur]] of [[Sark]], reigning from 1563 to 1578. He was the son of Édouard de Carteret, [[Seigneur of Saint Ouen]] (d. 1533), and grandson of [[Philip de Carteret, 8th Seigneur of St Ouen]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.decarteret.org.uk/Database/PS02/PS02_372.HTM |title=Helier de Carteret Seig St O .Sark |website=www.decarteret.org.uk |access-date=13 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010311102045/http://www.decarteret.org.uk/Database/PS02/PS02_372.HTM |archive-date=11 March 2001 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

It was Helier's idea and initiative to re-cultivate the deserted island in 1563, and in 1565 he was rewarded by [[Queen Elizabeth I]] with [[Royal charters applying to the Channel Islands|Letters Patent]] granting him the fief. He was also Seigneur of Saint Ouen in [[Jersey]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sepacstamps.eu/jersey-post-celebrates-the-island-of-sark/|website=SEPAC|title=Jersey Post celebrates the island of Sark|date=16 July 2015|quote="On 6 August 1565, Helier De Carteret, the Seigneur of the parish of St Ouen in Jersey, was granted the Isle of Sark by Queen Elizabeth I. Sark was thereby made an inheritable fief, which Helier held from the Crown of England on certain conditions: he had to maintain at least forty men to defend the Island from pirates, do homage to the sovereign and pay an annual 1/20th part of a knight’s fee."}}</ref>

He [[cousin marriage|married his cousin]], Margaret de Carteret. She was the widow of Clement Dumaresq and daughter of the bailiff Helier de Carteret, the uncle and namesake to the Seigneur of Sark. Hellier and Margaret's son was [[Philippe de Carteret I]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theislandwiki.org/index.php/Helier_De_Carteret|title=Helier De Carteret |website=Theislandwiki.org|accessdate=19 February 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120205193249/http://www.decarteret.org.uk/database/ps02/ps02_372.htm decarteret.org.uk Person Sheet]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur of Sark]]|
years=1563–1578|
before=''establishment of fief''|
after=[[Philippe de Carteret I]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carteret, Hellier De}}
[[Category:Carteret family|Helier de Carteret]]
[[Category:People from Saint Ouen, Jersey]]
[[Category:16th-century English nobility]]
[[Category:Seigneurs of Sark]]

{{UK-noble-stub}}
{{Jersey-bio-stub}}

Philippe de Carteret I

2025-08-14T14:29:18Z

2A02:8012:227B:0:8526:4D39:FE36:C3C9: Category:Carteret family is already a subactegory of Category:People from Sark

{{Short description|Seigneur of Sark}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{unreliable sources|date=July 2018}}
'''Philippe de Carteret I, 2nd Seigneur of Sark''' (1552–1594) was the [[Seigneur of Sark]] and [[Seigneur of Saint Ouen|Saint Ouen]] from 1578 to 1594.

He was the oldest son of [[Hellier de Carteret]], his predecessor in the office. Philippe's mother was Margaret de Carteret, widow of Clement Dumaresq, [[Seigneur of Samarès]], and daughter of Hellier de Carteret, [[List of bailiffs of Jersey|Bailiff of Jersey]] and Margaret Payn.

He was knighted by [[Elizabeth I]] and commanded an army sent by the queen in aid of [[Henry IV of France]] in the [[French Wars of Religion]]. During this conflict, Carteret is said to have lost an arm.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Payne|first=J. Bertrand (James Bertrand)|url=https://archive.org/details/armorialofjersey00payn|title=Armorial of Jersey : being an account, heraldic and antiquarian, of its chief native families, with pedigrees, biographical notices, and illustrative data; to which are added, a brief history of heraldry, and remarks on the mediæval antiquities of the island|date=1859|publisher=[S.l.] : Subscribers' private issue|others=Boston Public Library}}</ref>

In 1580, he married Rachel Paulett (1564–1650), daughter of [[George Paulett]], Bailiff of Jersey (c. 1533–1621), and granddaughter of Sir [[Hugh Paulet]], Governor of Jersey (died 1573). They had multiple issue:<ref name=":0"/>

* [[Philippe de Carteret II]] (1584–1643), Bailiff of Jersey
* [[Elias de Carteret]] (1585–1640), who was the father of Sir [[George Carteret]]
* Gideon de Carteret, [[List of Viscounts of Jersey|Vicomte of Jersey]]
* Rachel de Carteret, married Benjamin La Cloche, [[Seigneur of Longueville]]
* Elizabeth de Carteret, married Samuel de Beauvoir
* Judith de Carteret, married Sir Bryan Johnson
* Susan de Carteret, married Abraham Dumaresq, 2nd [[Seigneur of Augres|Seigneur of Augrès]] (1571–1631)
* Sarah de Carteret
* Ann de Carteret

==References==
<references/>
* {{cite web | title=The Story of the Sark | work=Le Cercle de Carteret Website | url=http://www.decarteret.org.uk/Articles/fromTheStory.txt | access-date=2006-09-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060208172017/http://www.decarteret.org.uk/Articles/fromTheStory.txt | archive-date=2006-02-08 | url-status=dead }}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070310224411/http://www.decarteret.org.uk/database/ps02/ps02_392.htm decarteret.org.uk Person Sheet]

{{S-start}}
{{succession box|
title=[[List of Seigneurs of Sark|Seigneur of Sark]]|
years=1578–1594|
before=[[Hellier de Carteret]]|
after=[[Philippe de Carteret II]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carteret, Philippe De, I}}
[[Category:1552 births|Carteret, Philippe I, de]]
[[Category:1594 deaths|Carteret, Philippe I, de]]
[[Category:Carteret family|Philippe de Carteret I]]
[[Category:Seigneurs of Sark]]

{{Guernsey-bio-stub}}