Charolais, France

2025-09-20T10:32:25Z

46.150.69.245: called off, not 'of'

{{Short description|Historic region in France}}
{{expand French|Charolais|date=October 2012|topic=geo}}
[[File:Blason Charolais.svg|thumb|240px|Coat of arms of the counts of Charolais]]

'''Charolais''' ({{IPA|fr|ʃaʁɔlɛ|lang}}; also '''Charollais''') is a historic region of France, named after the central town of [[Charolles]], and located in today's [[Saône-et-Loire]] ''[[Departments of France|département]]'', in [[Burgundy]].

==History==
[[File:Biens Marguerite Autriche.png|thumb|right|240px|County of Charolais within the [[Archduchess Margaret of Austria|Margaret]]'s dowry, as defined in 1482 by the [[Treaty of Arras (1482)|Treaty of Arras]], and redistributed in 1493 by the [[Treaty of Senlis]]]]

It was held by the [[Kingdom of France|French]] noble house of [[Chalon-Arlay]], until in 1237 Count [[John, Count of Chalon|John the Old]] ceded it to Duke [[Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy|Hugh IV of Burgundy]]. The [[county]] of Charolais was inherited by Hugh's granddaughter [[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon|Beatrice]], who in 1272 married Count [[Robert, Count of Clermont|Robert of Clermont]], a younger son of King [[Louis IX of France]] and progenitor of the [[House of Bourbon]]. In 1314 it passed to Robert's second son [[John of Charolais|John]], whose daughter Beatrice married Count [[John I, Count of Armagnac|John I of Armagnac]] in 1327.

John's grandson Count [[Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac|Bernard VII of Armagnac]] sold the county to Duke [[Philip II, Duke of Burgundy|Philip II of Burgundy]] in 1390. It thus became part of the [[House of Valois-Burgundy]] and the title 'Count of Charolais' was customary given to the heir apparent of the incumbent [[Duke of Burgundy]].

After the death of the last [[House of Valois-Burgundy|Valois-Burgundy]] duke [[Charles the Bold]] at the 1477 [[Battle of Nancy]], the county was seized by King [[Louis XI of France]], thus opposing the claims of Charles' daughter [[Mary of Burgundy]], who was supported by her husband, the archduke [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I of Austria]]. The same year however, loyal to the duchess Mary, the County of Charolais rebelled in hope to expel the French. During the [[War of the Burgundian Succession]] (1477–1482), the region was claimed by both sides, until the conclusion of the [[Treaty of Arras (1482)|Treaty of Arras]] in December 1482, when it was agreed that the County of Charolais will became part of the dowry of Mary's daughter, the archduchess [[Archduchess Margaret of Austria|Margaret]], who was engaged to the French prince, and thus the County remained under the french control.{{sfn|Picot|Stein|1923|p=269–299}}{{sfn|Saenger|1977|p=12–14, 24}}

The engagement was later called off, and by the [[Treaty of Senlis]] (1493) Charolais was returned to the [[Habsburg dynasty]], though it remained a French fief.{{sfn|Dumont|1726|pp=303–308}} Surrounded by French royal possessions, the County of Charolais shared a common history with the imperial [[County of Burgundy]] (''[[Franche-Comté]]''), as both passed to the future [[Emperor Charles V]] in 1506 and remained in possession of his heirs, the [[Spanish Habsburgs]].

While the County of Burgundy fell to the French crown upon the 1678 [[Treaties of Nijmegen|Treaty of Nijmegen]], Charolais was acquired by the Bourbon prince [[Louis, Grand Condé|Louis of Condé]] in 1684. It was not awarded to the French crown until the death of Count [[Charles de Bourbon, Count of Charolais|Charles of Charolais]] in 1760, when [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]] incorporated it into the [[Estates of Burgundy]].

==References==
{{commonscat|Charolais}}
{{reflist|2}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{Cite book|last=Dumont|first=Jean|author-link=Jean Dumont (publicist)|title=Corps universel diplomatique du droit des gens|year=1726|volume=III (2)|location=Amsterdam|publisher=Brunel & Wetstein|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l5hTKKsAUN0C&pg=PP1}}
* {{Cite book|last1=Picot|first1=Émile|author-link1=Émile Picot|last2=Stein|first2=Henri|title=Recueil de pièces historiques imprimées sous le règne de Louis XI|volume=1|year=1923|location=Paris|publisher=Société des bibliophiles françois|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uNOIq9cyfR0C}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Saenger|first=Paul|title=Burgundy and the Inalienability of Appanages in the Reign of Louis XI|journal=French Historical Studies|year=1977|volume=10|number=1|pages=1-26|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/286114}}
* Hubert Elie, ''Le Charolais dans l’histoire européenne'' (Lyon, 1956),
{{refend}}

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[[Category:Charolais, France| ]]
[[Category:History of Burgundy]]
[[Category:Geography of Saône-et-Loire]]
[[Category:Historical regions]]
[[Category:Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region articles needing translation from French Wikipedia]]
[[Category:Territories of the Valois dukes of Burgundy]]

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Charolais, France