Apulon

2025-02-07T20:36:18Z

5.91.206.23:

{{Infobox ancient site
| name = Apulon
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| alternate_name = ''Dacian Fortress of Piatra Craivii, Dacian Settlement of Piatra Craivii''
| image = PiatraCraivii.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Piatra Craivii
| map_type = Romania
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| map_size =
| altitude_m = 1010
| altitude_ref =
| relief =
| coordinates = {{coord|46.209122|23.485422|display=inline,title}}
| map_dot_label =
| location = Piatra Craivii, [[Craiva, Alba|Craiva]][[Alba County]]{{ROU}}
| area =
| built =
| abandoned =
| epochs = 
| cultures = [[Apuli]]
| event = [[Trajan's Dacian Wars]]
| discovered =
| excavations =
| archaeologists =
| condition =
| designation1 =
| designation1_number =
| designation2 = Monument istoric
| designation2_number = AB-I-s-A-00028
| website =
| architectural_styles =
| architectural_details =
| notes =
}}

[[File:RomanDacia TabulaPeutingeriana.png|thumb|right|text-top|upright=1.5|''Apula'' on the [[Roman Dacia]] selection from [[Tabula Peutingeriana]]]]

'''Apulon''' (or ''Apoulon'') was a [[Dacia]]n fortress city close to modern [[Alba Iulia]], [[Romania]]. The [[Latin]] name of [[Alba Iulia#History|Apulum]] is derived. The exact location is believed by many archaeologists to be the Dacian fortifications on top of ''Piatra Craivii'', [[Craiva, Alba|Craiva]], [[Cricău]], about 20 km north of Alba-Iulia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.apulum.ro/en/istoria.htm |title=Alba Iulia Online |access-date=2013-03-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211093233/http://www.apulum.ro/en/istoria.htm |archive-date=2012-02-11 }}</ref>

Apulon was an important Dacian political, economic and social center, the capital of the [[Apuli]] tribe. It was first mentioned by the [[Ancient Greece|Ancient Greek]] geographer [[Ptolemy]] in his [[Geographia]], under the name '''Apulon'''. It is also depicted in the ''[[Tabula Peutingeriana]]'' as an important city named '''Apula''', at the cross road of two main routes: one coming from [[Blandiana]], the other from [[Acidava]]. The two roads merge at Apula, with the next stop on the route being [[Brucla]].

After the southern part of [[Dacia]] became a province of the [[Roman Empire]], the capital of the [[Dacia Apulensis]] district was established here, and the city was known as '''[[Alba Iulia#History|Apulum]]'''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.livius.org/le-lh/legio/xiii_gemina.html |title=Apulum @Livius.orgl |access-date=2020-03-26 |archive-date=2006-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061026204137/http://www.livius.org/le-lh/legio/xiii_gemina.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Apulum was one of the largest centers in [[Roman Dacia]] and the seat of the [[Legio XIII Gemina|XIII Gemina]] [[Roman Legion|Legion]]. The [[Apulum (castra)|castra at Apulum]] is the largest in Romania, occupying 37,5 [[hectare|ha]] (750 x 500 m<sup>2</sup>).

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Piatra_Craivii_03.jpg|View from [[Castra of Ighiu|Măgulici Hill, Ighiu]]
File:Piatra_Craivii_10.jpg|View from Craiva's valley
File:Alba Iulia National Museum of the Union 2011 - Wall from Piatra Craivii Dacian Fortress-2.JPG|[[Murus Dacicus|Wall]] from Piatra Craivii [[Dacians|Dacian]] Fortress in display at the National Museum of the Union, [[Alba Iulia]]
File:Alba Iulia National Museum of the Union 2011 - Wall from Piatra Craivii Dacian Fortress-3.JPG|Wall from Piatra Craivii [[Dacian Fortress]]
File:Alba Iulia National Museum of the Union 2011 - Import Pieces from Roman World found at Dacian Settlement of Piatra Craivii.JPG|Import items from the [[Roman Empire|Roman world]] found at Dacian settlement of Piatra Craivii,
File:Alba Iulia National Museum of the Union 2011 - Late Bronze Age Vessels and Bronze Objects.JPG|Late [[Bronze Age]] vessels and bronze objects, from various locations in [[Alba County]], including Piatra Craivii
File:KMM - Dakien Piatra Craivii Ringe.jpg|Dacian bronze rings (1st century BC) found on site - on display in the [[Roman Museum Manching]].
</gallery>

== See also ==
*[[Dacia]]
*[[Roman Dacia]]
*[[List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia]]

== Notes ==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Dacian Fortress of Piatra Craivii}}
* [https://www.academia.edu/528504/Buckle_Types_and_Belt_Fragments_from_the_Dacian_Settlement_of_Craiva_Piatra_Craivii_Alba_County_ BUCKLE TYPES AND BELT FRAGMENTS FROM THE DACIANSETTLEMENT OF CRAIVA - „PIATRA CRAIVII” (ALBA COUNTY)]

{{Dacian cities}}

[[Category:Dacian towns]]
[[Category:Roman Dacia]]
[[Category:Ruins in Romania]]
[[Category:Former populated places in Romania]]
[[Category:Dacian fortresses in Alba County]]
[[Category:Historic monuments in Alba County]]
[[Category:Ancient history of Transylvania]]

Vero - Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Apulon