Vero - Wikipedia - User contributions [en]

Romanian Wikipedia

2025-10-13T18:11:13Z

82.51.75.233: /* Timeline */

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Short description|Romanian-language edition of Wikipedia}}{{Update|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox website
| name = {{Wiki favicon}} Romanian Wikipedia
| screenshot = [[File:RomanianWikipedia 20071125.png|210px|The Main Page of the Romanian Wikipedia on 25 November 2007]]
| logo = Wikipedia-logo-v2-ro.svg
| logo_size = 140px
| caption = Main Page of the Romanian Wikipedia in November 2007
| url = [http://ro.wikipedia.org/ ro.wikipedia.org]
| commercial = No
| location =
| type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]]
| language = [[Romanian language|Romanian]]
| registration = Optional
| launch_date = {{start date and age|df=yes|2003|7|10}}
| owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]]
| author =
| content_license = {{nobr|[[Creative Commons licenses|Creative Commons Attribution/<br/>Share-Alike]] 4.0}} (most text also dual-licensed under [[GFDL]])<br/>Media licensing varies
}}

The '''Romanian Wikipedia''' (abr. ''ro.wiki'' or ''ro.wp'';<ref>[[:ro:Ajutor:Ro.wp|The article on this matter]] on the Romanian Wikipedia {{in lang|ro}}.</ref> {{langx|ro|Wikipedia în limba română}}) is the [[Romanian language]] edition of [[Wikipedia]], the free [[encyclopedia]]. Started on 12 July 2003, as of {{Date}} this edition has [[:ro:Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROF|ARTICLES|ro|N}} articles]] and is the {{Ordinal|{{Wikipedia rank by size|ro}}}} largest Wikipedia edition.<ref>[[:meta:List of Wikipedias|List of Wikipedias]]. ''meta.wikimedia.org''.</ref> In December 2004, users on the Romanian Wikipedia started to talk about founding a local chapter of Wikimedia, ''[[:meta:Wikimedia România|Asociația Wikimedia România]]''.

==History==

The first articles in the Romanian Wikipedia were written in July 2003, with the first version of the main page being drafted on 12 July. The user interface, initially in English, started being translated into Romanian by Bogdan Stăncescu (registered with the username Gutza) as soon as he was given sysop rights.<ref>[http://marc.info/?l=intlwiki-l&m=105827975414697&w=2 International Wiki mailing list]. ''marc.info''.</ref> The same user subsequently contacted several [[List of universities in Romania|Romanian universities]] that were available on the internet, as well as the [[Romanian Academy]], in order to attract new contributors. His efforts were soon remarked by the Romanian media, who invited him on several occasions to introduce the project to the public.<ref>{{in lang|ro}} Acasă.ro, 16 December 2004: [http://stiri.acasa.ro/stiri/Enciclopedie-gratis-pe-Internet-in-romana_--s9291.html Enciclopedie gratis pe Internet, în română]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref><ref>{{in lang|ro}} ''Bănăţeanul'', 24 July 2004: [http://www.banateanul.ro/articol/ziar/timisoara/informatie-la-click/2694/ Informaţie la click] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201115307/http://www.banateanul.ro/articol/ziar/timisoara/informatie-la-click/2694/ |date=1 February 2008 }}.</ref> By the end of 2003, the Romanian Wikipedia had exceeded 3,000 articles, ranking 16th among all Wikipedias. The 10,000th article was written on 13 December 2004, and the 50,000th on 5 January 2007.

In April 2004, the Romanian Wikipedia supported the launch of the [[:roa-rup:|Aromanian Wikipedia]] (see [[Aromanian language]]).

In June 2004, the Romanian Wikipedia encountered problems concerning its division and the creation of a separate Moldovan Wikipedia (see [[Moldovan language]]). A Moldovan-language version of Wikipedia was brought into existence because it was created automatically together with a larger number of other Wikipedias, as the language had been assigned separate [[ISO 639]] codes (''[[ISO 639:mo|mo]]/[[ISO 639:mol|mol]]''—which were deprecated in November 2008 by the ISO authorities<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_changes.php|title = ISO 639-2 Language Code List - Codes for the representation of names of languages (Library of Congress)|website = [[Library of Congress]]}}</ref>). At its beginnings, it worked as a portal redirecting to the Romanian Wikipedia, but in March 2005, it eventually began allowing content (although only intended for Cyrillic Moldovan/Romanian as it was used before 1989 in the [[Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic|Moldavian SSR]] and remains in use only in the breakaway state of [[Transnistria]]), starting big editing wars and endless discussion. Between December 2006 up to its deletion in November 2017, it was frozen and editing was no longer permitted. This question was raised from time to time, although users on Wikipedia voted on its closure and its deletion.<ref>[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_Moldovan_Wikipedia Vote and discussion on the closure of Moldovan Wikipedia] on Meta-Wiki.</ref><ref>[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Deletion_of_Moldovan_Wikipedia_2 Vote and discussion on the deletion of Moldovan Wikipedia] on Meta-Wiki.</ref>

The Romanian Wikipedia reached the 100,000 article milestone on 11 January 2008. As of September 2025, it has 516,000 articles and 1,967 active users, of whom 18 are administrators.

==Peculiarities==

The logo of the Romanian Wikipedia was at first slightly different from the logos of other Wikipedias. The Cyrillic letter ''[[И]]'' in the logo was replaced with the Romanian letter ''[[Ă]]''.<ref>[[:m:Ştiri#3 aprilie 2004|2004 news report]] on [[Meta-Wiki]] {{in lang|ro}}.</ref> It was later restored to the generic Wikipedia logo.

Articles can contain small spelling variations, mostly regarding the use of the letters ''â'' and ''î'', both used for the [[close central unrounded vowel]] {{IPA|/ɨ/}} (cf. [[Romanian alphabet]]). According to the 1993 spelling rules promoted by the [[Romanian Academy]], {{IPA|/ɨ/}} is transcribed as either ''î'', when used as the first or last letter of words, or ''â'', when it occurs in the middle of the word (with some exceptions). Still, between 1953 and 1993, the Romanian language only used ''î'' - after 1964 an exception was made for derivations of the words ''România'' ("Romania"), ''român'' ("Romanian") and related words. The Academy rules are mandatory in government organisations and in state schools in [[Romania]]. [[Moldova]] adopted the Latin alphabet for the Romanian language before the spelling reform in 1993, and it didn't switch to the new spelling up until 2001, using the letter ''î'' before exclusively (exceptions were made for ''România'' and the other related words, spelled with ''â''). Other spelling differences include ''sunt''/''sînt'' or ''niciun''/''nici un''. The Romanian Wikipedia community adopted a language policy stating that both pre-1993 and post-1993 spelling norms are permitted, and editing an article just to switch it from one norm to the other is not acceptable; switching is allowed if the article is significantly expanded or rewritten.<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Versiuni de ortografie română|Versions of Romanian spelling]] (official policy) on the Romanian Wikipedia {{in lang|ro}}.</ref>

Concerning the addressing policy, Romanian Wikipedia uses the polite forms of the personal pronouns and verbs. A policy on this was discussed in early 2006, and consensus was reached for the use of ''dumneavoastră'' (polite "you") instead of ''tu'' (familiar "you") on its pages.<ref>[[:ro:Discuţie Wikipedia:Sondaje/Politica de adresare|Addressing policy]] (discussion and policy) on the Romanian Wikipedia {{in lang|ro}}.</ref>

== Timeline ==

;Annual number of articles as of December (each year) since the creation of edition.<ref>[https://stats.wikimedia.org/EN/TablesWikipediaRO.htm Wikipedia Statistics: Romanian | Monthly counts & Quarterly rankings]. ''stats.wikimedia.org''.</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ro.wikipedia.org/content/pages-to-date/normal%7Cline%7Call%7C(page_type)~content%7Cmonthly | title=Wikistats – Statistics for Wikimedia Projects |website=stats.wikimedia.org}}</ref>
{{Chart|definition=Number of articles on Romanian Wikipedia.chart|data=Number of articles on Romanian Wikipedia.tab|Width=500}}

;Number of total articles at a specific time
* October 2003: 250 articles
* 20 December 2003: 2,500 articles<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pagina principală - Wikipedia |url=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031225091821/https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83 |archive-date=2003-12-25 |access-date=2025-09-27 |website=ro.wikipedia.org |language=ro}}</ref>
* 7 April 2004: 5,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Comunicate de presă/Arhivă/7 aprilie 2004]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 12 December 2004: 10,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Comunicate de presă/Arhivă/12 noiembrie 2004]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 5 January 2007: 50,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Comunicate de presă/Arhivă/5 ianuarie 2007]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 11 January 2008: 100,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Comunicate de presă/Arhivă/13 ianuarie 2008]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 21 May 2009: 125,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Comunicate de presă/Arhivă/22 mai 2009]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 13 September 2010: 150,000 articles<ref>[https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias/Table&oldid=2119233 List of Wikipedias/Table (Archived version of this page, as edited by JoaquinF at 00:11, 13 September 2010)]. ''meta.wikimedia.org''.</ref>
* 5 August 2012: 200,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Cafenea/Arhivă/2012/august#Articolul 200.000]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 25 July 2014: 250,000 articles<ref>[[:ro:Wikipedia:Cafenea/Arhivă/2014/iulie#250k]]. ''ro.wikipedia.org'' (in Romanian).</ref>
* 13 April 2015: 300,000 articles
* 2 September 2015: 350,000 articles
* 15 August 2019: 400,000 articles
* 28 October 2024: 500,000 articles<ref>{{Cite web |title=[Wikimedia-l] Romania Wikipedia reached 500.000 articles - Wikimedia-l - lists.wikimedia.org |url=https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/HPR6HTQXQIT63YIGUQLZBUP776IUBWUH/ |access-date=2025-09-27 |website=lists.wikimedia.org}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{InterWiki|code=ro}}
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://ro.wikipedia.org Romanian Wikipedia]
* {{in lang|ro}} [http://ro.m.wikipedia.org/ Romanian Wikipedia mobile version]
* {{in lang|rup}} [http://roa-rup.wikipedia.org Aromanian Wikipedia]
* {{in lang|rup}} [http://roa-rup.m.wikipedia.org/ Aromanian Wikipedia mobile version]

{{Wikipedias}}
{{Wikipedias in Romance languages}}

[[Category:Wikipedias in Romance languages]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2003]]
[[Category:Romanian-language websites|Wikipedia]]
[[Category:Romanian encyclopedias|Wikipedia]]

Finnish Wikipedia

2025-10-13T17:49:34Z

82.51.75.233: /* Milestones */

{{Short description|Finnish-language edition of Wikipedia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox website
| name = {{Wiki favicon}} Finnish Wikipedia
| logo = Wikipedia-logo-v2-fi.svg
| logo_size = 135px
| screenshot = [[File:FinnishWikipediaMainpageScreenshot1October2012.png|border|300px|alt=The main page of the Finnish Wikipedia]]
| collapsible = yes
| caption = The main page of the Finnish Wikipedia
| url = {{Official URL}}
| commercial = No
| location = [[Miami]], [[Florida]]
| type = [[Internet encyclopedia project]]
| language = [[Finnish language|Finnish]]
| launch_date = {{start date and age|2002|9|9}}
| registration = Optional
| owner = [[Wikimedia Foundation]]
| author =
| content_license = {{nobr|[[Creative Commons licenses|Creative Commons Attribution/<br/>Share-Alike]] 4.0}} (most text also dual-licensed under [[GFDL]])<br/>Media licensing varies
}}
The '''Finnish Wikipedia''' ({{langx|fi|Suomenkielinen Wikipedia}}) is the edition of [[Wikipedia]] in the [[Finnish language]]. With {{NUMBEROF|ARTICLES|fi|N}} articles, it is currently the {{Ordinal|{{Wikipedia rank by size|fi}}}}-largest Wikipedia and the largest Wikipedia in a Uralic language. Wikipedia is the only encyclopedia in Finnish which is still updated.<ref name="sanomat">{{Cite web|url=http://www.helsinkitimes.fi/finland/finland-news/domestic/8619-world-s-largest-study-on-wikipedia-better-than-it-s-reputation.html|title=World's largest study on Wikipedia: Better than its reputation|last=Koistinen|first=Olavi|date=December 5, 2013|publisher=[[Helsingin Sanomat]]|access-date=9 December 2013}}</ref>

The Finnish language project was started on 9 September 2002, but it remained at a very primitive stage until well into 2003. The speed of development picked up somewhat after the [[MediaWiki|MediaWiki software]] was upgraded to Phase III in late November 2003, and continued to increase steadily through 2004.

In 2013, the reliability of the Finnish Wikipedia was investigated by the newspaper ''[[Helsingin Sanomat]]''. The researchers used experts to evaluate quality of randomly selected 134 articles and found that 70% of the articles scored well for accuracy.<ref name="sanomat"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hs.fi/tiede/art-2000002692612.html|title=HS selvitti: Näin luotettava Wikipedia on|last=Koistinen|first=Olavi|date=November 30, 2013|publisher=[[Helsingin Sanomat]]|language=fi|access-date=9 December 2013}}</ref>

==Milestones==
* 600,000 articles – 11 August 2025
* 550,000 articles – 2 April 2023
* 500,000 articles – 28 December 2020
* 450,000 articles – 12 January 2019
* 400,000 articles – 29 August 2016
* 350,000 articles – 9 July 2014
* 300,000 articles – 26 June 2012
* 250,000 articles – 24 September 2010
* 200,000 articles – 12 April 2009
* 150,000 articles – 4 February 2008
* 100,000 articles – 11 February 2007
* 50,000 articles – 21 February 2006
* 25,000 articles – 27 June 2005
* 15,000 articles – 9 February 2005
* 10,000 articles – 14 October 2004
* 5,000 articles – 15 April 2004
* 1,000 articles – September 2002

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Finnish Wikipedia 400 000 logo.png|Finnish Wikipedia's 400,000 article logo (29 August 2016)
File:Kaskinen vanha sivu.jpg|Oldest article that has survived. It's about Finnish town [[Kaskinen]].
</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* {{in lang|fi}} [http://fi.wikipedia.org/ Finnish Wikipedia]
* {{in lang|fi}} [http://fi.m.wikipedia.org/ Finnish Wikipedia mobile version]
* [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2006-10-23/Interwiki report|Report from the Finnish Wikipedia]], from Wikipedia ''Signpost'' (in [[English Wikipedia]]), October 23, 2006.

{{Wikipedias}}
{{Wikipedias in Uralic languages}}

[[Category:Finnish-language encyclopedias]]
[[Category:Wikipedias in Uralic languages]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2002]]
[[Category:Finnish-language websites]]
[[Category:Finnish encyclopedias]]

Redtoothed triggerfish

2025-10-09T13:18:16Z

82.51.75.233:

{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2024}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Pez ballesta de dientes rojos (Odonus niger), Anilao, Filipinas, 2023-08-25, DD 23.jpg
| genus = Odonus
| parent_authority = [[Johannes von Nepomuk Franz Xaver Gistel|Gistel]], 1848
| species = niger
| authority = [[Eduard Rüppell|Rüppell]], 1836
}}

The '''niger triggerfish (''Odonus niger'')''' is a [[triggerfish]] of the tropical [[Indo-Pacific]] area, and the [[monotypic|sole member]] of its [[genus]].<ref name="Matsuura2014">{{cite journal| title=Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review focusing primarily on progress in the period from 1980 to 2014| date=2014| last1=Matsuura| first1=Keiichi| journal=Ichthyological Research| volume=62| issue=1| pages=72–113| s2cid=254172132| doi=10.1007/s10228-014-0444-5| doi-access=free| bibcode=2015IchtR..62...72M}}</ref> Some other common names include blue triggerfish, redfang triggerfish, Redtooth filefish, and Redtooth triggerfish. The Australian Museum<ref>{{Cite web |title=Redtooth Triggerfish, Odonus niger (Rüppell, 1837) |url=https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/redtooth-triggerfish-odonus-niger/ |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}</ref> and Allen, Steele, Humann and DeLoach use Redtooth Triggerfish, establishing this as the most often agreed upon English common name.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Humann |first=Paul |title=Reef Fish Identification Tropical Pacific |date=October 29, 2015 |publisher=New World Publications |isbn=978-1878348609 |edition=2nd |pages=Page 426 |language=en}}</ref>

==Distribution==
The Redtooth triggerfish lives in the widespread Indo-Pacific Ocean and Red Sea. They are found at the African east coast to Marquesas and Society islands. They can also be found as far north as Southern Japan and as far south as the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Redtooth Triggerfish, Odonus niger (Rüppell, 1837) |url=https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/redtooth-triggerfish-odonus-niger/ |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}</ref>

==Description==
Redtooth triggerfish are normally deep purple with bluish-green markings on their heads and glowing light blue margins on the tail lobes and fins. Just like other fish in the family [[Balistidae]], the tail is lyre-shaped. The mouth of the triggerfish seems to be grinning and it maintains tiny red teeth that are needle-sharp with two teeth in the upper jaw which can be seen when its mouth is closed. These triggerfish are one of the more peaceful triggers in the family but can become threatening with age and can perform a grunting-type sound. They can change their color depending on their mood, food, feeding, and water quality from purple to blue and bluish-green.

Their pectoral fins are quite small; as a result, they steer mostly with their dorsal and [[anal fin]]s, which makes them very maneuverable, and they also use these fins to move with an exotic type of propulsion reminiscent of a propeller. It is one of the most singular swimming styles in the ocean.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Redtooth Triggerfish, Odonus niger (Rüppell, 1837) |url=https://australian.museum/learn/animals/fishes/redtooth-triggerfish-odonus-niger/ |access-date=2025-09-21 |website=The Australian Museum |language=en}}</ref>

{{Multiple image
| image1 = Blue Tooth Triggerfish, Bunaken Island (cropped).jpg
| align = center
| image2 = Rotzahn-Drückerfisch (Odonus niger) DSCF5435WI.jpg
| total_width = 500
| footer = Colour is variable in the species. In [[North Sulawesi]] (left) and the [[Red Sea]] (right)
}}

==Behavior and diet==
[[File:Odonus niger SeaDonuts2.jpg|thumb|In captivity]]
Redtooth triggerfish may inhabit reef channels or long slopes that have strong water currents. They survive by hiding under between rocks and crevices so they don't get swept away by the water currents. They also may live in the coastal shallow inshore waters at depths of around 30 – 100 feet (9 – 30 meters). Redtooth triggerfish are omnivorous and mostly opportunistic feeders, with crustaceans as its primary food source. They also feed on zooplankton and algae, and remains of cephalopods and fishes have been found in their stomach.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Suyani |first=Nitin Kanji |last2=Rajesh |first2=Mridula |last3=Rajesh |first3=Kothanahally Mallegowda |date=August 2021 |title=First report on the diet and reproductive biology of red-toothed triggerfish Odonus niger (Ruppell, 1836) from the south-eastern Arabian Sea |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-marine-biological-association-of-the-united-kingdom/article/abs/first-report-on-the-diet-and-reproductive-biology-of-redtoothed-triggerfish-odonus-niger-ruppell-1836-from-the-southeastern-arabian-sea/5E7432D5667DAAFE14D3E20C0D051119 |journal=Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom |language=en |volume=101 |issue=5 |pages=827–837 |doi=10.1017/S0025315421000771 |issn=0025-3154|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==Reproduction==
The Redtooth triggerfish have distinct pairing. They meet at mating grounds where males set up their territories. They build nests to lay their eggs in. The females take care of the eggs while both males and females guard the eggs waiting for them to hatch. While they can breed in the wild, they can not breed in aquariums.

== Gallery ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Redtoothed triggerfish2.jpg|Group of Redtooth triggerfish feeding on plankton.
File:Redtoothed triggerfish3.jpg|The red teeth are its distinguishing feature.
File:Taman-nasional-wakatobi cropped.jpg|Shoals of Redtooth triggerfish and [[threespot dascyllus]] in [[Wakatobi National Park]]
File:Odonus niger 296001703.jpg|In the [[Maldives]]
File:Odonus niger 283438686.jpg|In the Red Sea
</gallery>

==References==
{{Commons category|Odonus niger}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{sealifephotos|219883}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1342941}}

[[Category:Balistidae]]
[[Category:Fish of Palau]]

[[Category:Fish described in 1836]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Eduard Rüppell]]