Charles Keeping

2025-09-22T12:51:26Z

87.115.183.238:

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2015}}{{Short description|English illustrator, children's book author and lithographer (1924– 1988)}}
{{Infobox writer
|name = Charles Keeping
|image = Charles Keeping portrait.jpg
|caption = Charles Keeping
|birth_date = {{Birth date|1924|9|22|df=y}}
|birth_place = [[Lambeth]], London, England
|death_date = {{death date and age|1988|5|16|1924|9|22|df=y}}
|death_place = London, England
|occupation = [[Illustrator]], writer, [[lithography|lithographer]]
|nationality =
|period = 1952–1988
|genre = [[Children's literature]]
|notableworks = {{plainlist|
* '''As illustrator:'''
* ''[[The God Beneath the Sea]]''
* ''The Highwayman''
* ''Beowulf''
}}
| influences =
| influenced =
|awards = {{awd |[[Kate Greenaway Medal]] |1967, 1981}}
|spouse = Renate Meyer
}}

'''Charles William James Keeping''' (22 September 1924 – 16 May 1988) was an [[English people|English]] [[illustrator]], [[children's book]] author and [[lithographer]]. He made the illustrations for [[Rosemary Sutcliff]]'s [[historical novel]]s for children, and he created more than twenty [[picture book]]s. He also illustrated the complete works of [[Charles Dickens]] for the [[Folio Society]].

Keeping won two [[Kate Greenaway Medal]]s from the [[CILIP|Library Association]] for the best children's book illustration of the year, for his own story ''[[Charley, Charlotte and the Golden Canary]]'' (1967) and for a new edition (1981) of [[Alfred Noyes]]'s poem "[[The Highwayman (poem)|The Highwayman]]".<ref name=medal1967/><ref name=medal1981/> For the 50th anniversary of the Medal (1955–2005), a panel named his edition of ''The Highwayman'' one of the top ten winning works, which composed the ballot for a public election of the nation's favourite.<ref name=topten/> He also illustrated ''[[The God Beneath the Sea]]'', by [[Leon Garfield]] and [[Edward Blishen]], which won the 1970 [[Carnegie Medal (literary award)|Carnegie Medal]] for children's literature. For his contribution as a children's illustrator Keeping was a runner-up for the [[Hans Christian Andersen Award]] in 1974.<ref name=andersen/><ref name="ibby-nominee"/>

[[File:KeepingCCGC.jpg|thumb|right|180px |Charles Keeping (1967) ''Charley, Charlotte and the Golden Canary'']]

His lithographs have been exhibited in London, [[Italy]], [[Austria]] and the U.S., including at the 1958 Fifth International Biennial of Contemporary Color Lithography in [[Cincinnati]]. He has prints in many collections, including at the [[Victoria and Albert Museum]].

==Early life==
Charles Keeping was born and grew up in [[Lambeth]], London, in a terraced house that housed three generations. He lived in an inner city environment of street markets and working horses that would inform his work his entire life. Charles and his elder sister, Grace, drew and made up stories from an early age, on surplus newsstand placards brought home by their father, Charles Keeping senior, who distributed newspapers to shops and newsstands in the area and boxed under the name Charlie Clarke.<ref name=il/>{{rp|pp. 14–15, 22}} He later described his upbringing as "comfortable working class".<ref name=tl/>{{rp|p. 36}}

He attended the Frank Bryant School for Boys in [[Kennington]], south London,<ref name=dbbi>Brigid Peppin & Lucy Micklethwait, ''Dictionary of British Book Illustrators: The Twentieth Century'', John Murray, 1983, pp. 168–69.</ref> leaving at the minimum age of 14, after which two of his aunts paid for him to take a correspondence course in art. He took a job with the book printing company William Clowes & Sons, and after the outbreak of the Second World War joined Durrants, an engineering company producing munitions. He also spent some time working as a gasman.<ref name=il />{{rp|pp. 30–31}} In 1942, when he turned 18, he joined the [[Royal Navy]] as a wireless operator, serving four years.<ref name=tl/>{{rp|p. 37}}

He returned to civilian life in 1946 with a profound [[clinical depression|depression]] and a belief that a head wound he had sustained had disfigured him on the inside as well as (temporarily) on the outside, and would cause him to turn evil like Dr Jekyll becoming Mr Hyde. He received treatment, was institutionalised for a time, and made a full recovery, but perhaps his sympathetic visual treatment of [[Grendel]], the monster from ''[[Beowulf]]'', owes something to this period of his life.<ref name=il />{{rp|31–36, 46–47}}

He applied for a grant to study art at the [[University of Westminster|Regent Street Polytechnic]], but was initially turned down, so he read meters for a gas company during the day<ref name=tl />{{rp|p. 37}} and took art classes in the evening.<ref name=il />{{rp|p. 37}} He finally got his grant and studied full-time from 1949 to 1952,<ref name=tl />{{rp|p. 38}} completing the two-year Intermediate Examination in six months before specialising in illustration and lithography.<ref name=il />{{rp|p. 43}} His teachers included illustrators [[Stuart Tresilian]] and Nigel Lambourne, and lithographer [[Henry Trivick]].<ref name=tl />{{rp|p. 38}} In 1957 his lithograph ''Clerks and Ponies'' was included as one of the 'Young Artists of Promise' in [[Jack Beddington]]'s book.<ref >{{Cite book
|title=Young Artists of Promise
|last=Beddington |first=Jack
|author-link=Jack Beddington
|publisher=[[The Studio (magazine)|The Studio]]
|year=1957
|pages=55, 124
}}</ref> He also worked as a life model, and on one such occasion in 1949 his demonstration of the functions of the muscles of the back attracted the eye of Renate Meyer, a fellow student who had left Germany with her family in 1933. They married in 1952<ref name=il />{{rp|p. 45}} and four children.<ref name="Renate Keeping obituary">Rolli Murray,
[https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2014/apr/27/renate-keeping-obituary Renate Keeping obituary], ''The Guardian'', 27 April 2014</ref>

==Career==

===Early work===
Keeping went freelance after graduation, and spent four years drawing a comic strip for the ''[[Daily Herald (UK newspaper)|Daily Herald]]'', but did not enjoy the editorial restrictions he had to work under. He also drew cartoons for the ''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'', the ''Middle Eastern Review'', and, later, ''[[Punch (magazine)|Punch]]'', and his first book commission was a series of cartoon illustrations for a humorous health-promotion book called ''Why Die of Heart Disease?'' in 1953.<ref name=il />{{rp|51}} He also did some work in advertising, and illustrated some educational textbooks.<ref name=il />{{rp|pp. 52, 54}}

===Children's books===
[[File:SutcliffBloodFeud.jpg|thumb|left|180px |Rosemary Sutcliff (1976), ''Blood Feud'', book jacket by Keeping]]
In 1956 he began to work through the artist's agent B. L. Kearley Ltd, whose rep Patsy Lambe referred him to Mabel George, editor of children's books at [[Oxford University Press]]. George commissioned him to illustrate [[Rosemary Sutcliff]]'s historical children's novel ''[[The Silver Branch (Sutcliff novel)|The Silver Branch]]''. He was unenthused by the ancient Roman subject matter, but experimented with double page spreads and drawings in the margins, and was quickly assigned more books by Sutcliff and others,<ref name=il />{{rp|51–55}}<ref name=oup>William Roger Louis, ''The History of Oxford University Press Vol III'', Oxford University Press, 2003, p. 481.</ref> including [[Henry Treece]].<ref name=ck>Douglas Martin, [http://booksforkeeps.co.uk/issue/86/childrens-books/articles/other-articles/celebrating-keeping "Celebrating Keeping"], ''Books for Keeps'' No. 86, May 1994.</ref> This began a professional relationship with Oxford University Press, for whom he illustrated more books than for any other publisher.<ref name=tl />{{rp|p. 38}} Keeping, along with [[Victor Ambrus]], established a new, exuberant style of illustration for children's historical fiction,<ref name=tl />{{rp|p. 40}} refusing to shy away from the violence of warfare.<ref name=ck />

[[Leon Garfield]] and [[Edward Blishen]]'s retelling of [[Greek myths]], ''[[The God Beneath the Sea]]'', which Keeping illustrated in 1970, won the [[Carnegie Medal (literary award)|Carnegie Medal]] for that year.

From the later 1960s Keeping, alongside illustrators like [[Brian Wildsmith]] and [[John Burningham]], took advantage of advances in printing technology to move from black and white work to adventurous colour techniques.<ref name=ice>Michele Anstey and Geoff Bull, "The picture book: modern and postmodern", in Peter Hunt (ed.), ''International Companion Encyclopedia of Children's Literature'', Routledge, 2004, p. 332.</ref> In 1966 he created his first full-colour [[picture book]]s, ''Black Dolly'' and ''Sean and the Carthorse'', both about mistreated working horses. He followed these with ''[[Charley, Charlotte and the Golden Canary]]'', a modern fairy tale about two children who grow up in the same street, are separated when one family moves to a new tower block, and are reunited thanks to a pet [[Domestic Canary|canary]], which depicts the gradual disappearance of the London of Keeping's childhood, a theme he would persistently revisit. The full-colour illustrations are messy and spontaneous, using intense colour, sponge texturing and [[resist techniques (art)|wax resist]], and won Keeping his first Greenaway Medal.<ref name=medal1967/> ''[[Kirkus Reviews]]'' concluded a very short review, "Intense colors in striking combinations overwhelm the minimal story."<ref name=kirkus/>

Keeping created 15 full-colour picture books for [[Oxford University Press]], and several for other publishers. ''Joseph's Yard'' (1969) and ''Through the Window'' (1970), two of his finest, were also produced as short films for the [[BBC]]'s "Storyline" programme. ''Through the Window'' in particular showcases many of Keeping's techniques and themes. Told through the eyes of a small boy watching events in the street outside from his bedroom window, the illustrations are full of intense evening light and colour, movement, and even, when a horse-drawn dray rattles across a double-page spread, virtual sound. Other picture books include ''Richard'' (1973), about a day in the life of a police horse; ''Wasteground Circus'' (1975), on the transient but magical effect on two young boys of the circus coming to town; and ''Willie's Fire Engine'' (1980), a romantic, dreamlike tale of a young [[Edinburgh]] boy's dream of being a firefighter.

In the 1980s Oxford University Press created a new format for Keeping - the black and white picture book for older children. Keeping created four books in this format: ''[[The Highwayman (poem)|The Highwayman]]'' (1981), illustrating the 1906 poem by [[Alfred Noyes]] in gruesome detail, for which he won his second Greenaway Medal;<ref name=medal1981/> ''[[Beowulf]]'' (1982), adapted from the [[Old English language|Anglo-Saxon]] [[Epic poetry|epic]] by [[Kevin Crossley-Holland]], in which the illustrations subverted the text with a certain sympathy for the monster; ''The Wedding Ghost'' (1985), an original story by [[Leon Garfield]]; and ''[[The Lady of Shalott]]'' (1986), illustrating the 1833/1842 [[Arthurian]] poem by [[Alfred, Lord Tennyson]]. All were illustrated in evocative line and wash. The influence of [[Sweden|Swedish]] illustrator [[John Bauer (illustrator)|John Bauer]] can most clearly be seen on ''Beowulf''.

Keeping continued to produce colour picture books from time to time, including ''Railway Passage'', which was Highly Commended for the 1974 Greenaway Medal;<ref name=ccsu/>{{efn |name=HC}} ''Sammy Streetsinger'' (1984), about a subway busker's rise to fame as a pop star and subsequent return to happy obscurity; and his final book, ''Adam and Paradise Island'', another story of the changing landscape of London, which was published posthumously in 1989.

===Classic fiction===
In 1964 Keeping illustrated his first book for the [[Folio Society]], an edition of [[Emily Brontë]]'s ''[[Wuthering Heights]]''. He disliked the book, finding the characters unconvincing, and so illustrated them in two-colour lithographs in an expressionist style, paying little attention to the faces. He had been contracted for twelve illustrations, but delivered twenty-two, and asked the publisher to choose the twelve best. He followed this with [[Erich Maria Remarque]]'s ''[[All Quiet on the Western Front]]'' (1966) in a similar style. For the same publisher he illustrated ''Ghost Stories of M. R. James'' (1973), [[Horace Walpole]]'s ''[[The Castle of Otranto]]'' (1976) and [[Victor Hugo]]'s ''[[Les Misérables]]'' (2 volumes, 1976) in two-colour lithographs, and [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]]'s ''[[The Idiot]]'' (1971) in line drawings.<ref name=il />{{rp|pp. 80–82}}

Beginning in 1978 with ''[[The Pickwick Papers]]'', Keeping took on the mammoth task of illustrating the complete works of [[Charles Dickens]] for the Folio Society. His knowledge of the vanishing world of industrial London made him the perfect man for the job. The books were originally to be produced by [[letterpress printing]], meaning the illustrations must be pure line drawings with no tones or washes. When they came to be published more modern printing techniques were used which would have allowed Keeping a full range of tones, but he had started with line drawings, so he used the same technique for the entire series, illustrating two books a year until he completed the task with ''[[Martin Chuzzlewit]]'' in 1988.<ref name=tl />{{rp|50–52}}

He also worked for another publisher of classic fiction, the Geneva-based Heron Books, for whom he illustrated works by [[Wilkie Collins]], [[Joseph Conrad]], [[Aldous Huxley]], [[W. Somerset Maugham]], [[Nevil Shute]], [[Robert Louis Stevenson]] and [[H. G. Wells]].<ref name=il />{{rp|p. 82}}

===Other book illustration===
In 1975 Keeping produced perhaps his most personal work, ''Cockney Ding Dong'', a lavish 190-page volume collecting and illustrating the traditional songs of the family singalongs of his childhood. A record of some the songs was also released, featuring the voices of members of Keeping's family. Charles himself sings "[[They're Moving Father's Grave to Build a Sewer!]]"

===Teaching===
At the invitation of Henry Trivick, Keeping continued to use the printing presses at Regent Street Polytechnic after his graduation, and from 1956 to 1963 he lectured there one day a week. From 1963 he was a visiting lecturer at [[Croydon College of Art]], initially in illustration, and after 1979 in lithography. His students included Fiona French.<ref name=il />{{rp|pp. 53, 64}}

==Personal life==
[[File:Charles Keeping 1924-1988 illustrator lived here.jpg|thumb|[[Blue plaque]] at 16 Church Road, [[Shortlands]], Bromley BR2 0HP]]
Charles Keeping died of a brain tumour on 16 May 1988.<ref name="Martin1993">{{cite book|author=Douglas Martin|title=Charles Keeping: An Illustrator's Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RkFLAQAAIAAJ|year=1993|publisher=Julia MacRae Books|isbn=978-1-85681-062-3|page=202}}</ref> His widow, Renate, ran the Keeping Gallery, displaying his and her own work for many years. She died in 2014.<ref name="Renate Keeping obituary"/>

==Reception==
Keeping's work was controversial in some quarters. Some felt his work too flashy, and illustrator [[Edward Ardizzone]] is said to have referred to him as "that vulgar artist".<ref name=il />{{rp|p. 43}} Others felt that the frankness and violence of his work, and his taste for the morbid and macabre, were unsuitable for children.<ref name=il />{{rp|pp. 155–157}} His biographer has commented,

{{blockquote|His formidable originality within the picture-book convention may not have been altogether apparent to Keeping himself, which is both a strength and a weakness: the strength that he could communicate with unrivalled emotional intensity - but possibly only with one child in twenty; the concomitant weakness is that there was not a lot he could do to broaden this minority appeal and ensure that his books remained in print over longer periods.|Douglas Martin (1993), ''Charles Keeping: an illustrator's life''}}

Keeping's former editor Mabel George said of him, "I have always had a strong feeling that Charles was a true genius... it is my belief that he came to maturity very slowly (not in terms of technique, at which he was a master from his earliest days) but from the point of view of his self-confidence as an artist. ... he was all the time growing and developing as a man whose whole life, heart and mind, was dedicated to exploring the human situation in a universe that he found both beautiful and terrifying."<ref name=il />{{rp|p. 38}} His former teacher and fellow illustrator Nigel Lambourne has described him as "one of the few ''great'' illustrators we've got. A superb draughtsman, and he had – for all his marvellously brash, outgoing manner – an ability to tear up purposively anything that didn't work."<ref name=tl />{{rp|p. 38}}

==Awards==
The biennial [[Hans Christian Andersen Award]] conferred by the [[International Board on Books for Young People]] is the highest recognition available to a writer or illustrator of children's books. Keeping was one of three runners-up for the illustration award in 1974 and was the British nominee again in 1978.<ref name=andersen/><ref name="ibby-nominee"/> He won a Golden Apple award at the [[Biennial of Illustration Bratislava]] in 1975.<ref name=dbbi/>

He won several awards for particular books.

* 1967 [[Kate Greenaway Medal]], ''[[Charley, Charlotte and the Golden Canary]]'', written by Keeping<ref name=medal1967/>
* 1972 Francis Williams Award for Illustration, ''Tinker Tailor: Folk Song Tales'' (New York: World), tunes "arranged for voice and piano by K. Neil Slater" ([https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1036987 WorldCat])
* 1977 Francis Williams Award for Illustration, ''The Wildman'', written by [[Kevin Crossley-Holland]]
* 1981 Kate Greenaway Medal, ''[[The Highwayman (poem)|The Highwayman]]'', written by [[Alfred Noyes]] (1906)<ref name=medal1981/>
* 1987 [[Kurt Maschler Award]], or the Emil, ''Jack the Treacle Eater'' (Macmillan), with writer [[Charles Causley]] for integrated of writing and illustration in a British children's book<ref name=bizland/>
* 1988 [[W H Smith]] Illustration Award, ''Charles Keeping's Classic Tales of the Macabre'', written by various authors

Keeping was also a runner-up for at least three Greenaway Medals, which then recognised the year's best children's book illustration by a [[British subject]]:<ref name=ccsu/>{{efn |name=HC}}
* 1969, ''Joseph's Yard'', written by himself 
* 1970, ''[[The God Beneath the Sea]]'', written by [[Edward Blishen]] and [[Leon Garfield]] (who jointly won the annual British [[Carnegie Medal (literary award)|Carnegie Medal]])<ref name=medal1970/>
* 1974, ''Railway Passage'' (Oxford), written by himself

''Railway Passage'' was the first runner up "Highly Commended" for the Medal. Both distinctions were abandoned after 2002.<ref name=ccsu/>{{efn |name=HC}}

==Notes==
{{notelist |25em |notes=
{{efn |name=HC |1=
Today there are usually eight books on the Greenaway shortlist.
According to CCSU, some runners up through 2002 were Commended (from 1959) or Highly Commended (from 1974). There were 31 high commendations in 29 years including Keeping alone in 1974. There were 99 commendations of both kinds in 44 years including two for 1969, three 1970, and two 1974.<br>
• No one has won three Greenaway Medals. Among the fourteen illustrators with two Medals, Keeping is one of seven with one book named to the Anniversary Top Ten (1955–2005); one of seven with at least one Highly Commended runner up (1974–2002); one of six with at least three commendations (1959–2002).
}}
}}

==References==
{{reflist |25em |refs=
<ref name=tl>
Douglas Martin, "Charles Keeping"; in Douglas Martin, ''The Telling Line: Essays On Fifteen Contemporary Book Illustrators'' (Julia MacRae Books, 1989), pp. 36–59.</ref>
<ref name=il>
Douglas Martin, ''Charles Keeping: An Illustrator's Life'', Julia MacRae Books, 1993.</ref>


<ref name=medal1967>
[http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/livingarchive/title.php?id=41 (Greenaway Winner 1967)]. Living Archive: Celebrating the Carnegie and Greenaway Winners. [[CILIP]]. Retrieved 2012-07-16.</ref>
<ref name=medal1981>[http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/livingarchive/title.php?id=26 (Greenaway Winner 1981)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107093425/http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/livingarchive/title.php?id=26# |date=7 January 2013 }}. Living Archive: Celebrating the Carnegie and Greenaway Winners. CILIP. Retrieved 2012-07-16.</ref>
<ref name=medal1970>[http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/livingarchive/title.php?id=88 (Carnegie Winner 1970)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222024909/http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/livingarchive/title.php?id=88# |date=22 February 2012 }}. Living Archive: Celebrating the Carnegie and Greenaway Winners. CILIP. Retrieved 2012-07-16.</ref>
<ref name=topten>[http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/celebration/top_tens.php?action=list "70 Years Celebration: Anniversary Top Tens"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027022418/http://www.carnegiegreenaway.org.uk/celebration/top_tens.php?action=list# |date=27 October 2016 }}. The CILIP Carnegie & Kate Greenaway Children's Book Awards. [[CILIP]]. Retrieved 2012-06-30.</ref>
<ref name=ccsu>
[http://web.ccsu.edu/library/nadeau/award%20books/KateGreenaway.htm "Kate Greenaway Medal"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916192441/http://web.ccsu.edu/library/nadeau/award%20books/KateGreenaway.htm |date=16 September 2014 }}. 2007(?). Curriculum Lab. Elihu Burritt Library. [[Central Connecticut State University]] ('''CCSU'''). Retrieved 2012-06-25.</ref>
<ref name=bizland>
[http://www.bookawards.bizland.com/kurt_maschler_award_for_children.htm "Kurt Maschler Awards"]. Book Awards. ''bizland.com''. Retrieved 2012-07-16.</ref>
<ref name=andersen>
[http://www.ibby.org/index.php?id=273 "Hans Christian Andersen Awards"]. [[International Board on Books for Young People]] (IBBY). Retrieved 2013-07-28.</ref>
<ref name="ibby-nominee">
[https://archive.today/20130114185952/http://www.literature.at/viewer.alo?objid=14769&viewmode=fullscreen&scale=3.33&rotate=&page=105 "Candidates for the Hans Christian Andersen Awards 1956–2002"]. ''The Hans Christian Andersen Awards, 1956–2002''. IBBY. [[Gyldendal]]. 2002. Pages 110–18. Hosted by [[Austrian Literature Online]] (literature.at). Retrieved 2013-07-28.</ref>


<ref name=kirkus>
[http://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/charles-keeping/charley-charlotte-and-the-golden-canary/ "CHARLEY, CHARLOTTE AND THE GOLDEN CANARY by Charles Keeping"]. ''Kirkus Reviews'' 15 February 1968. Retrieved 2012-12-02.</ref>
}}

==Further reading==

* Charles Keeping, "Illustration in children's books", ''Children's Literature in Education'' '''1''' (1970 March), pp. 41–54
* ''The Pied Pipers: interviews with the influential creators of children's literature by Justin Wintle and Emma Fisher'' (1974)

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{Portal |Children's literature |Visual arts }}
* {{isfdb name |78341 |Charles Keeping}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050316163257/http://www.bromley.gov.uk/content/environment2/conservation/blue_plaques_folder/charles_keeping_%281924-1988%29.html London Borough of Bromley marker at Keeping's former home]

;Works by Keeping
* [http://www.thekeepinggallery.co.uk/ The Keeping Gallery]: selected pictures by Keeping
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050524135054/http://www.harpercollins.co.uk/Resources/extracts/ex_ch1_elidor_garner.pdf#search='charles%20keeping' Extract from ''Elidor'' by Alan Garner, including illustrations by Keeping]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081204134606/http://www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Keeping_Charles/BH0017.htm "Poles for Dinner"]: Charles Keeping illustration
* [http://www.artnet.com/artist/585819/charles-keeping.html Charles Keeping at artnet]: past auction results
* {{LCAuth|n80035885|Charles Keeping|70|ue}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Keeping, Charles}}
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Lambeth]]
[[Category:Writers from the London Borough of Lambeth]]
[[Category:Artists from the London Borough of Lambeth]]
[[Category:English children's book illustrators]]
[[Category:English children's writers]]
[[Category:Kate Greenaway Medal winners]]
[[Category:Writers who illustrated their own writing]]
[[Category:Deaths from brain cancer in England]]
[[Category:Royal Navy personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Royal Navy sailors]]
[[Category:Craft Centre of Great Britain member]]

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Charles Keeping