Hermann Eduard von Holst

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Template:Infobox academic Hermann Eduard von Holst (June 19, 1841 – January 20, 1904) was a German-American historian and author. Von Holst emigrated to the United States and wrote extensively on the Constitution of the United States, largely from an anti-slavery perspective.

Biography

Holst was a Baltic German born in Fellin, Russian Empire (now Viljandi, Estonia). He was the seventh of ten children of a Lutheran minister. His father died while he was in the Gymnasium, and he had to teach and live frugally to stay in school.<ref name="dab">Template:Cite DAB</ref>

He studied history at the Imperial University of Dorpat (now Tartu) and at Heidelberg University, where he received a doctorate under Ludwig Häusser in 1865.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In 1866, he settled in St. Petersburg, but in consequence of a pamphlet on an attempt on the life of the Russian Emperor, which he published at Leipzig while he was traveling abroad, his return to Russia was forbidden.Template:Cn

He decided to emigrate to the United States in July 1867.<ref name="dab"/> He settled in New York City, where he taught modern languages for a time in a small private school and made a number of political speeches in the runup to the 1868 election.<ref name="nie">Template:Cite NIE</ref> In the autumn of 1869, he became assistant editor, under Alexander Jacob Schem, of the Deutsch-Amerikanisches Conversations-Lexicon.

His work in German on Louis XIV, Federzeichnung aus der Geschichte des Despotismus,<ref name="dab"/> appeared in Leipzig soon after he arrived to the US. He subsequently became a contributor to several American journals.<ref name="appletons">Template:Cite Appletons'</ref>

On April 23, 1872 in Manhattan, he married Annie Isabelle Hatt, the daughter of the Rev. Josiah Hatt (1821–1857)—pastor of the Baptist Church in Hoboken, New Jersey—and his wife, Mary Thomas. Their son Hermann V. von Holst, the future architect, was born in Freiburg im Breisgau in 1874.

A call to a professorship of history in the newly reorganized University of Strasbourg brought him back to Germany in 1872.<ref name="nie"/> In 1874, he was given the chair of modern history at University of Freiburg in the Grand Duchy of Baden where he stayed until 1892. For ten years, he was a member of the Baden Herrenhaus, and he was vice president for four years. He revisited the United States in 1878 and 1879 and in 1884. In 1882 he was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society<ref>American Antiquarian Society Members Directory</ref> In 1892, he became head of the department of history at the University of Chicago. Retiring on account of ill-health in 1900, he returned to Germany and died at Freiburg in January 1904.<ref name="EB1911">{{#if: |

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Von Holst's works are almost all on American topics.<ref name="nie"/> Through his books and his lectures at the University of Chicago, he exerted a powerful influence in encouraging American students to follow more closely the German methodsTemplate:Which of historical research.<ref name="EB1911"/>

Works

• Constitutional and Political History of the United States or Verfassung und Demokratie der Vereinigten Staaten'r (German ed., 5 vols., 1873–91; English trans. by Lalor and Mason, 8 vols., 1877–89) This is Von Holst's principal work. It covers the period from 1783 to 1861, though more than half of it is devoted to the decade 1850-60. It is written from a strongly anti-slavery point of view.<ref name="EB1911"/>
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• Das Staatrecht der Vereinigten Staaten or The Constitutional Law of the United States of America (German ed., 1885; English trans., 1887)
• John C. Calhoun (1882), in the American Statesmen Series
• John Brown (1888)
• The French Revolution Tested by Mirabeau's Career (1894) The topic of this book was the subject of a series of twelve lectures he gave for the Lowell Institute's 1893-94 season.<ref>Harriet Knight Smith, The history of the Lowell Institute, Boston: Lamson, Wolffe and Co., 1898.</ref>
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References

• Obituary in Political Science Quarterly, vol. v, pp. 677-78.
• Obituary in Nation (New York), vol. lxxviii. pp. 65–67.

External links

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• New York Times Obituary
• New York Times on University of Chicago appointment
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• Guide to the Hermann Eduard Von Holst Collection 1869-1902 at the University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center