Holland America Line

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Template:Short description Template:Infobox company Holland America Line N.V. (HAL) is an American cruise line operating as a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc. Founded in 1873 in Rotterdam, Netherlands as the Netherlands-America Steamship Company (NASM), the company operated regular transatlantic passenger and cargo services between Rotterdam and North America until 1971.<ref name=":1">Template:Cite web</ref> As a dedicated cruise line, the company expanded through multiple acquisitions including Westours in 1971, Windstar Cruises in 1988, and Home Lines in 1988.<ref name=":1" /> In 1989, the company was acquired by Carnival Corporation.<ref name="maritime">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Headquartered in Seattle, Washington, the line's cruise ships carry the names of former transatlantic ocean liners operated by the company. Its current flagship, Rotterdam (2020), is the seventh ship to bear such a name. As a major operator of cruises and overland tours in Alaska, the company owns multiple hotels and two railroads throughout the state.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The line also offers an annual world cruise and cruises throughout the Caribbean, South America, Europe, Asia, and Antarctica.

History

Early decades

The first Holland America headquarters in Rotterdam, now the Hotel New York.

Holland America Line was founded in 1873 as the Nederlandsch-Amerikaansche Stoomvaart Maatschappij (NASM).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Known colloquially and advertised as Holland-Amerika Lijn (HAL), the company was founded after Rotterdam (I) operated its first crossing from Rotterdam to Hoboken in October 1872.<ref name=":1" /> Rotterdam (I) operated regular fifteen-day crossings with intermediate stops in Boulogne, France and Plymouth, United Kingdom until she sank in 1883.<ref name="Larsson">Template:Cite web</ref> By that time, the line's fleet had grown to include the combination liners SS W.A. Scholten, SS P. Caland, SS Leerdam, and SS Edam. In 1885, Rotterdam (II) was acquired to replace the original. HAL's first house flag was introduced at around this time, featuring a tri-band of green-white-green derived from the flag of Rotterdam.<ref name=":3">Template:Cite web</ref> This design, which was also replicated on ships' funnels, remained unchanged until 1971.<ref name=":3" />Rotterdam (II) operated the line's first pleasure cruise in 1885, transiting the Kiel Canal to Copenhagen.<ref name=":2">Template:Cite web</ref> Rotterdam (III) followed in 1897 as the company expanded rapidly.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Statendam (I) of 1898 was HAL's first ship of greater than 10,000 gross register tons (GRT) and by the line's 25th anniversary that year, the company had successfully carried over 400,000 immigrants from Europe to North America.<ref name="maritime" /><ref name="Statendam-I">Template:Cite web</ref>

Holland America Line's first house flag, based on the flag of Rotterdam.

Larger ships

A painting of Rotterdam (III), launched by Harland & Wolff in 1897.
Statendam (III) became troopship Justicia in 1914, and was sunk in 1918.

A trio of large ships built at Blohm+Voss entered service starting with SS Potsdam in 1899, Rijndam (I) in 1901, and Noordam (I) in 1902.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Each ship measured at greater than 12,000 GRT, increasing the line's capacity significantly. In 1902, the independent line was acquired by the International Mercantile Marine Company (IMM). Owned by American industrialist J.P. Morgan as a price-fixing cartel, Holland America was approached by Harland & Wolff shipyard chairman William Pirrie in a transaction that did not disclose his IMM connections.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

As an unwitting member of IMM, the line introduced ever-larger ships including the 16,967 GRT Nieuw Amsterdam (I) of 1905 and the 24,129 GRT Rotterdam (IV) of 1908.<ref name=":4">Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both ships were built by Harland & Wolff.

First World War

Statendam (II) launched in July 1914 and was due to be HAL's largest-ever ship at 32,120 GRT. However, World War I ignited one month later and the ship was requisitioned by the United Kingdom during outfitting at Harland & Wolff. Reconfigured as the Justicia, she became the largest troopship to serve in the war and was torpedoed by a U-boat in 1918. NASM eventually accepted compensation in the form of 60,000 tons of steel from the UK Government.<ref name=Justicia>Template:Cite web</ref> Dutch neutrality throughout the war did not spare multiple HAL ships, and the line lost five ships totalling over 30,000 GRT. Two German mines sank SS Eemdijk in 1915,<ref name="Eemdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> and in 1916 Template:SMU sank SS Blommersdijk.<ref name="Blommersdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> In February 1917, Template:SMU sank an entire Dutch convoy including the SS Noorderdijk and SS Zaandijk.<ref name="Noorderdijk">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Zaandijk">Template:Cite web</ref>

During the war, Dutch capitalists progressively purchased large shares of HAL from IMM and its subsidiaries. By 1917, these investors had successfully acquired half of IMM's shares in Holland America Line for over $3.5 million.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 1918, American president Woodrow Wilson issued authorization to seize 89 Dutch ships under angary. Nine of the line's ships were seized by the United States Shipping Board, including Rijndam (I) who survived the war as a troopship under the name USS Rijndam.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Of these nine ships, only SS Ossterdijk did not return after sinking due to a collision.<ref name="Oosterdijk">Template:Cite web</ref>

A painting of Volendam (I), completed in 1922.
Statendam (III) was laid down in 1921 but was not completed until 1929.

Between the World Wars

Maasdam (I) and Edam (III) introduced steam turbine power to the Holland America fleet in 1921, entering service as 8,800 GRT ships serving ports including Antwerp, Bilbao, Santander, Gijón, Vigo, and Havana en route to Tampico.<ref name="Larsson" />Template:Sfn Volendam (I) and Veendam (I) followed in 1922, both of which served the flagship transatlantic route to Hoboken via Southampton, Halifax, and Boulogne.<ref name="Larsson" />

Also in 1921, the line introduced its first motor ships with MV Dinteldijk and MV Drechtdijk.<ref name="Dinteldijk">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Drechtdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> The 9,350 GRT refrigerated cargo ships had berths for up to 19 first class passengers and were followed by the larger MV Delftdijk and MV Damsterdijk in 1929 and 1930.<ref name="Delftdijk">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Damsterdijk">Template:Cite web</ref>

Statendam (III) was commissioned at Harland & Wolff for completion in 1924, but Holland America Line ordered work to stop due to a lack of funds. After being laid up in an incomplete state for three years, the Dutch government issued NASM a loan for the ship's completion. After being towed to Wilton's Dok- en Werf Maatschappij in Schiedam, work was finally completed in 1929. Despite the onset of the Great Depression, Statendam (III) proved economical to run and served on the transatlantic run coupled with cruises to the Caribbean throughout the 1930s.<ref name=Statendam-III>Template:Cite web</ref>

By 1930 Holland America had expanded as far as the West Coast of the United States via the Panama Canal.Template:Sfn In collaboration with Royal Mail Lines, HAL's refrigerated cargo ships (as indicated by the -dijk suffix) ran tandem routes with RML ships including the Lochmonar and Lochgoil. New destinations for the line on these services included London, Vancouver, Guayaquil, and Bermuda.<ref name="Larsson" />

Nieuw Amsterdam (II) entered service in 1938. She is the line's modern logo.
Statendam (III) at left and Veendam (II) at right burning during the battle for Rotterdam.

In 1937 the line introduced Nieuw Amsterdam (II) as its new flagship. The 36,287 GRT liner cost the line 20 million guilders and immediately became the largest ship in the Dutch merchant fleet.<ref name="Nieuw-Amsterdam-II">Template:Cite web</ref> Variously hailed as the 'Darling of the Dutch' and a 'Ship of Tomorrow', Nieuw Amsterdam (II) earned prestige as the new Dutch ship of state, rivaling contemporaries such as the RMS Queen Mary, SS Normandie, and SS Rex. The line's modern logo, in use from 1983 to present day, is an artistic depiction of Nieuw Amsterdam (II) at sea.<ref name=":3" />

Second World War

In World War II, Holland America lost thirteen ships totaling over 140,000 GRT. Early in the war MV Binnendijk and SS Spaarndam were lost to mines,<ref name=Binnendijk>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name=Spaarndam>Template:Cite web</ref> and MV Burgerdijk was sunk by U-48 in 1940.<ref name="Burgerdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> During the German invasion of the Netherlands, multiple HAL ships were burnt out during the battle for Rotterdam. Statendam (III), MV Boschdijk, and MV Dinteldijk were lost in the initial battle,<ref name="Statendam-III" /> with MV Boschdijk later towed to the Baltic Sea as target practice for the Luftwaffe.<ref name="Boschdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> MV Dinteldijk was eventually scuttled in Rotterdam harbor as a blockship.<ref name="Dinteldijk" />

After the establishment of the Dutch government-in-exile, Holland America announced its intention to charter all of its transatlantic ships to the UK Government with the exception of Nieuw Amsterdam (II).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> SS Pennland and SS Westernland were quickly requisitioned as troopships,<ref name="Pennland">Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Westernland">Template:Cite web</ref> and Nieuw Amsterdam (II) eventually joined the war effort in October 1940. She survived the war, sailing over half a million miles and transporting over 400,000 military personnel for the allied forces as a troopship.

Holland America's World War II memorial in Katendrecht, Netherlands.
Rotterdam (V) was introduced as HAL's new flagship in 1958.

It is estimated that nearly 200 people were killed in wartime sinkings of HAL ships. The largest loss of life occurred in November 1942 when Template:GS sank Zaandam (II), taking 135 souls.<ref name="Zaandam">Template:Cite web</ref> In January 1941, 39 souls were lost when MV Beemsterdijk struck a mine.<ref name="Beemsterdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> More casualties occurred during the sinking of MV Bliderdijk by U-38 in October 1940,<ref name="Bilderdijk">Template:Cite web</ref> U-564's sinking of Maasdam (III) in 1941,<ref name="Maasdam">Template:Cite web</ref> and the sinking of SS Pennland during the German invasion of Greece. Another U-boat sinking occurred in September 1942, when MS Breedijk was sunk by U-34.<ref name="Breedijk">Template:Cite web</ref> Allied forces inflicted losses on board MV Drechtdijk during an air raid after she had been captured by German forces.<ref name="Drechtdijk" />

Post-war era

After the war, HAL transported a large wave of immigrants from the Netherlands to Canada and elsewhere.<ref name=":0">Template:Cite book</ref> The Rotterdam to Hoboken route continued to serve Southampton, but by 1948 the port of Boulogne was still unable to resume handling large ocean liners. Instead, from February 1948 Nieuw Amsterdam (II) started calling at Le Havre. At first she was the only HAL ship to do so. Veendam (II) made intermediate calls at Southampton only, and Noordam (II) and Westerdam (I) ran direct between Rotterdam and Hoboken.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> By 1959, Holland America ships were also calling at Cobh, Quebec and Montreal. By 1963, they also served Bremerhaven.<ref name=Larsson/>

Holland America's second house flag, in use from 1971 to 1988.

In 1958 Holland America launched Rotterdam (V), who quickly replaced Nieuw Amsterdam (II) as the new Dutch ship of state. Equipped for both two-class transatlantic service and one-class luxury cruising, her distinctive architecture and modern interior design placed her among the most innovative ships of the era. However, by the late 1960s, air travel began to displace transatlantic liner crossings. Nieuw Amsterdam (II) operated the line's final scheduled transatlantic service in 1971 as the line pivoted to cruising exclusively.<ref name=":1" /> To coincide with this change, the line introduced a new dark blue hull color for the entire fleet and rebranded the line's house flag for the first time in its history.<ref name=":2" />

In 1973, the line introduced its first purpose-built cruise ship with Prinsendam (I) and retired Nieuw Amsterdam (II). Through the line's 1971 acquisition of Westours, an Alaskan tour group, HAL's cruise schedule increasingly prioritized sailings throughout the Pacific Northwest. Rebranded as Holland America Line-Westours,<ref name=":3" /> the company built multiple hotels throughout Alaska and acquired the Rocky Mountaineer train line.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 1978, the line reincorporated in the United States and moved its headquarters to Stamford, Connecticut.<ref name=":2" /> New purpose-built cruise ships followed in the 1980s, including running mates Nieuw Amsterdam (III) and Noordam (III). In the late 1980s, the line introduced a new house flag and logo featuring a depiction of Nieuw Amsterdam (II) with Henry Hudson's Halve Maen.<ref name=":3" /> An iteration of this logo still exists today as the line's modern logo.

Statendam (V) was the first ship built under Carnival Corporation ownership.

After relocating to Seattle, Washington, the company diversified into luxury cruising through an acquisition of Windstar Cruises in 1988.<ref name=":1" /> In that same year, Holland America purchased the struggling Home Lines and renamed the MS Homeric to Westerdam (II). In 1989, Carnival Corporation purchased the entire organization for 1.2 billion guilders. The former Dutch owners used the proceeds of the sale to establish the HAL Trust and HAL Investments, both of which are owned by the van Der Vorm family. The logo for these organizations is the line's original tri-band NASM house flag.<ref name=":3" />

Rotterdam (VI) and Eurodam (I) docked alongside in Tallinn, Estonia in 2014.

US-based cruise line (1989–present)

After being acquired by Carnival Corporation, HAL received a significant cash injection to overhaul and lengthen the newly acquired Westerdam (II).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> A quartet of new purpose-built ships was ordered from Fincantieri in Italy, the first of which entered service in 1993 as the 55,000 GRT Statendam (V). To much surprise, Carnival Corporation chose not to invest in the popular flagship Rotterdam (V), selling her to Premier Cruise Lines in 1997.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Another quartet of new-build ships soon followed, dramatically increasing HAL's overall capacity. The first ship in the class was the 61,000 GRT Rotterdam (VI), who enjoyed co-flagship status with running mate Amsterdam (I). Both ships were distinguished by unique twin-uptake funnels designed to evoke Rotterdam (V).

In 1996, the line acquired Little San Salvador Island in The Bahamas for $6 million from Norwegian Cruise Line.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> After spending over $16 million in renovations and renaming the island to Half Moon Cay, the island opened to HAL and Carnival passengers as a private destination island.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> At the turn of the century, the line began to sell older tonnage including Nieuw Amsterdam (III) in 2000 and Westerdam (II) in 2001. Noordam (II) was bareboat chartered to Thomson Cruises in 2002 but remained under Holland America ownership until being sold in 2018.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> At around this time, the company's name reverted to Holland America Line.<ref name=":2" />

The Pinnacle class, introduced with Koningsdam (I) in 2016, are HAL's largest-ever ships.

The Vista-class quartet of ships entered service starting with Zuiderdam (II) in 2002. Each of the four ships features a verandah stateroom ratio of 67% and twin funnels.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The slightly enlarged Signature class entered service with Eurodam (I) in 2008 and Nieuw Amsterdam (IV) in 2010.<ref name="autogenerated2">Template:Cite web</ref> In 2015, one year before the introduction of the Pinnacle class, the first Carnival-commissioned ships left the fleet starting with Statendam (V) and Ryndam (III). In 2018, HAL acquired another rail line, the White Pass and Yukon Route between Skagway and Whitehorse.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In 2019, the line's smallest ship Prinsendam (II) was sold to German tour group Phoenix Reisen.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Zaandam (III) and Rotterdam (VI) made international headlines due to large numbers of infected passengers, causing them both to be denied passage through the Panama Canal.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Both ships were eventually granted passage, returning to Port Everglades, Florida after conducting ship-to-ship transfers of healthy passengers to isolate infected guests.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In July 2020, HAL announced that four ships would leave the fleet, amongst which included co-flagships Rotterdam (VI) and Amsterdam (I), Maasdam (V), and Veendam (IV).<ref name="Sold">Template:Cite web</ref> This reduction in force left the Zaandam (III) and Volendam (III) as the only remaining small ships in the fleet. Due to the sale of the sixth Rotterdam, the in-progress Ryndam (IV) was renamed to Rotterdam (VII), eventually entering service in 2020.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Fleet

Current fleet

Ship name In HAL
service 		Gross
tonnage 		Maximum
speed 		Passenger
complement 		Enclosed
passenger decks 		Flag Image
Rotterdam class (R class)
Template:MS 1999 61,214 23 knots 1,432 9 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2000 61,396 23 knots 1,432 9 Template:Flag
Vista class (V class)
The four Vista class ships are named for the points of the compass in Dutch.
Template:MS 2002 82,305 24 knots 1,916 10 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2003 82,305 24 knots 1,916 10 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2004 82,305 24 knots 1,916 10 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2006 82,318 24 knots 1,924 10 Template:Flag
Signature class
The Signature class ships are an enlarged Vista class design.
Template:MS 2008 86,273 23.9 knots 2,104 11 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2010 86,700 23.9 knots 2,106 11 Template:Flag
Pinnacle class
The Pinnacle class ships are the largest in the line's history.
Template:MS 2016 99,863 22.2 knots 2,650 12 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2018 99,863 22.2 knots 2,650 12 Template:Flag
Template:MS 2021 99,863 22.2 knots 2,650 12 Template:Flag

Former fleet

Ship name Built In HAL
service		 Gross
tonnage		 Current
flag		 Notes Image
Template:MS 2000 2000–2020 62,735 tons Template:Flag Sold to Fred. Olsen Cruise Line in 2020 and renamed Bolette. File:Amsterdam at Kobe07s3872.jpg
Template:MS 1997 1997–2020 61,849 tons Template:Flag Sold to Fred. Olsen Cruise Line in 2020 and renamed Borealis. File:Rotterdam at Pier Tallinn 31 May 2013.JPG
Template:MS 1996 1996–2020 57,092 tons Template:Flag Sold to Seajets in 2020 and renamed Aegean Majesty.<ref name="Sold"/> File:MS Veendam Near Gloucester (recropped).jpg
Ryndam 1994 1994–2015 55,819 tons Template:Flag Transferred to P&O Cruises Australia in 2015 and renamed Pacific Aria. File:Ryndam near Flåm 4.JPG
Template:MS 1993 1993–2020 55,575 tons Template:Flag
Sold to Seajets in 2020 and renamed Aegean Myth.<ref name="Sold" />		 File:Charlottetown Waterfront, Prince Edward Island (471303) (9450771460).jpg
Statendam 1993 1993–2015 55,819 tons Template:Flag Transferred to P&O Cruises Australia in 2015 and renamed Pacific Eden. Error creating thumbnail:
Template:MS 1988 2002–2019 38,848 tons Template:Flagicon Bahamas Sold to Phoenix Reisen in 2019 renamed Amera. File:Prinsendam arriving at Tallinn 6 July 2015.JPG
Westerdam 1986 1988–2002 54,763 tons Template:Flag Transferred to Costa Cruises in 2002 and renamed Costa Europa. File:"Westerdam" - Québec City, 1997 (cropped).jpg
Noordam 1984 1984–2005 33,960 tons Template:Flag Bareboat chartered to Thomson Cruises and renamed Thomson Celebration; sold in 2018. File:Noordam in Vancouver.jpg
Nieuw Amsterdam 1983 1984–2000 33,930 tons Template:Flag Sold to American Classic Voyages in 2000 and renamed Patriot; reacquired in 2002 and sold to Louis Cruises and renamed Spirit. File:Nieuw Amsterdam at Vancouver (cropped).jpg
Template:SS 1959 1959–1997 38,645 tons Template:Flag Sold to Premier Cruise Lines in 1997 and renamed Rembrandt; now a museum and hotel in Rotterdam. File:Valdez - SS Rotterdam (3847789627).jpg
Veendam 1958 1972-1984 14,984 tons Sold to Bermuda Star Line in 1984 and renamed Bermuda Star.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Volendam 1957 1972-1984 14,208 tons Sold to American Hawaii Cruises in 1984 and renamed Island Sun.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Statendam 1956 1956-1982 24,294 tons Sold to Paquet Cruises in 1982 and renamed Rhapsody.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Prinsendam 1973 1973-1980 8,566 tons Caught fire and sank off Yakutat, Alaska in 1980.
Ryndam 1950 1950-1973 15,015 tons Sold to Epirotiki Lines in 1973 and renamed Atlas.<ref name="autogenerated1">Template:Cite web</ref>
Nieuw Amsterdam 1937 1937-1973 36,982 tons Sold to Nan Fung Steel Enterprise for scrap in 1973.<ref name=":4" />
Maasdam 1952 1952-1968 15,015 tons Sold to Polish Ocean Lines in 1968 and renamed Stefan Batory.<ref name="Maasdam" />
Westerdam 1940 1946-1965 12,149 tons Sold to Cía Española de Demolición Naval S.A. for scrap in 1965.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Noordam 1938 1938-1963 10,726 tons Sold to Cielomar S.A. in 1963 and renamed Oceanien.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Aagtedijk 1945 1950-1963 7,646 tons Sold to N.V. IJzerhandel Hollandia for scrap in 1963.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Groote Beer 1944 1952-1963 9,190 tons Sold to the Latsis Group in 1963 and renamed Marianna IV.<ref name="autogenerated3">Template:Cite web</ref>
Waterman 1945 1951-1963 9,176 tons Sold to the Latsis Group in 1963 and renamed Margareta.<ref name="autogenerated3" />
Zuiderkruis 1944 1951-1963 9,178 tons Sold to the Royal Netherlands Navy in 1963.<ref name="autogenerated3" />
Dongedyk 1929 1929-1963 10,220 tons Sold to Toshing Trading Co. Ltd. for scrap in 1963.<ref name="Delftdijk" />
Damsterdyk 1930 1930-1963 10,155 tons Sold to Belvientes Compañia Naviera S.A. for scrap in 1963.<ref name="Damsterdijk" />
Veendam 1923 1923-1953 15,450 tons Sold to Patapsoo Scrap Co. for scrap in 1953.<ref name="Veendam">Template:Cite web</ref>
Volendam 1922 1922-1951 15,434 tons Sold to N.V. Frank Rijsdijk's Industrieële Ondernemingen for scrap in 1951.<ref name="Volendam">Template:Cite web</ref>
Breedijk 1922 1922-1942 6,861 tons Sunk by U-68 in 1942.<ref name="Breedijk" />
Zaandam 1938 1938-1942 10,909 tons Sunk by U-174 in 1942.<ref name="Zaandam" />
Maasdam 1921 1921-1941 8,812 tons Sunk by U564 in 1941.<ref name="Maasdam" />
Beemsterdijk 1922 1922-1941 6,869 tons Struck a mine and sank in 1941.<ref name="Beemsterdijk" />
Westernland 1918 1939-1940 16,479 tons Transferred to the UK Ministry of War Transport in 1940.<ref name="Westernland" />
Pennland 1922 1939-1940 16,381 tons Destroyed during the German Invasion of Greece.<ref name="Pennland" />
Bilderdijk 1922 1922-1940 6,856 tons Sunk by U-38 in 1940.<ref name="Bilderdijk" />
Drechtdijk 1923 1932-1940 9,338 tons Captured by Nazi Germany in 1940; sunk by Allied shelling in 1945.<ref name="Drechtdijk" />
Burgerdijk 1921 1921-1940 6,853 tons Sunk by U-48 in 1940.<ref name="Burgerdijk" />
Boschdijk 1922 1922-1940 6,872 tons Captured by Nazi Germany in 1940; sunk as a target ship in 1942.<ref name="Boschdijk" />
Dinteldijk 1922 1922-1940 9,399 tons Captured by Nazi Germany in 1940; scuttled as a block ship in 1944.<ref name="Dinteldijk" />
Statendam 1929 1929-1940 29,511 tons Destroyed during the Battle of Rotterdam.<ref name="Statendam-III" />
Rotterdam 1908 1908-1940 24,149 tons Sold to N.V. Frank Rijsdijk's Industrieële Ondernemingen for scrap in 1940.
Binnendijk 1921 1921-1939 6,873 tons Struck a mine and sank in 1939.<ref name="Binnendijk" />
Spaarndam 1922 1922-1939 8,857 tons Struck a mine and sank in 1939.<ref name="Spaarndam" />
Veendijk 1914 1914-1933 6,874 tons Sold to N.V. Frank Rijsdijk's Industrieële Ondernemingen for scrap in 1933.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Westerdijk 1913 1913-1933 8,261 tons Sold to P. & W. MacLellan Ltd. for scrap in 1933.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Nieuw Amsterdam 1905 1905-1932 16,967 tons Sold to Torazo Hashimoto for scrap in 1932.<ref name=":4" />
Gaasterdijk 1922 1922-1931 8,373 tons Sold to VNS in 1931 and renamed Gaassterkerk.<ref name="Gaasterdijk">Template:Cite web</ref>
Grootendijk 1923 1923-1931 8,365 tons Sold to VNS in 1931 and renamed Grootenkerk.<ref name="Grootendijk">Template:Cite web</ref>
Rijndam 1901 1901-1929 12,527 tons Sold to N.V. Frank Rijsdijk's Industrieële Ondernemingen for scrap in 1929.
Noordam 1902 1902-1927 12,531 tons Sold to N.V. Frank Rijsdijk's Industrieële Ondernemingen for scrap in 1928.
Beukelsdijk 1916 1916-1923 6,749 tons Struck rocks and sank in 1923.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Maartensdijk 1909 1909-1923 6,483 tons Sold to the Ben Line in 1923 and renamed Benvrackie.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Noorderdijk 1913 1913-1917 4,546 tons Sunk by U-21 in 1917.<ref name="Noorderdijk" />
Zaandijk 1899 1909-1917 4,546 tons Sunk by U-21 in 1917.<ref name="Zaandijk" />
Blommersdijk 1907 1916 4,835 tons Sunk by U-53 in 1916.<ref name="Blommersdijk" />
Potsdam 1899 1900-1915 12,606 tons Sold to Swedish America Line in 1915 and renamed Stockholm.
Statendam 1898 1898-1911 10,475 tons Sold to Allan Line in 1911 and renamed Scotian.<ref name="Statendam-I" />
Rotterdam 1897 1897-1906 8,139 tons Sold to Scandinavian American Line in 1906 and renamed C.F. Tietgen.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Veendam 1871 1888-1898 4,036 tons Struck submerged wreck and sank in 1898.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
P. Caland 1874 1874-1897 2,584 tons Sold to Fratelli Cosulich in 1897 and renamed Ressel.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Rotterdam 1886 1886-1895 3,361 tons Sold for scrap in 1895.
Edam 1883 1883-1895 3,130 tons Sank in a collision in 1895.
Leerdam 1881 1882-1889 2,334 tons Sank in a collision in 1889.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
W.A. Scholten 1874 1874-1887 2,589 tons Sank in a collision in 1887.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Rotterdam 1872 1873-1883 1,694 tons Sank near Schuowen in 1883.

See also

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References

Notes

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Bibliography

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Template:Commons category

Template:Holland America Ships Template:Members of the Carnival Corporation Template:Authority control

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