Mormon fiction

Template:Short description Template:Use mdy dates Mormon fiction is generally fiction by or about members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), who are also referred to as Latter-day Saints or Mormons, but the Church no longer uses those terms. Its history is commonly divided into four sections as first organized by Eugene England: foundations, home literature, the "lost" generation, and faithful realism. During the first fifty years of the church's existence, 1830–1880, fiction was not popular, though Parley P. Pratt wrote a fictional Dialogue between Joseph Smith and the Devil. With the emergence of the novel and short stories as popular reading material, Orson F. Whitney called on fellow members to write inspirational stories. During this "home literature" movement, church-published magazines published many didactic stories and Nephi Anderson wrote the novel Added Upon. The generation of writers after the home literature movement produced fiction that was recognized nationally but was seen as rebelling against home literature's outward moralization. Vardis Fisher's Children of God and Maurine Whipple's The Giant Joshua were prominent novels from this time period. In the 1970s and 1980s, authors started writing realistic fiction as faithful members of the LDS Church. Acclaimed examples include Levi S. Peterson's The Backslider and Linda Sillitoe's Sideways to the Sun. Home literature experienced a resurgence in popularity in the 1980s and 1990s when church-owned Deseret Book started to publish more fiction, including Gerald Lund's historical fiction series The Work and the Glory and Jack Weyland's novels.

Latter-day Saint authors are well-represented in various literary genres. A tradition of conforming to conventions and building communities may explain why Mormon authors are successful in genre fiction. Glenn Beck, Jason F. Wright, and Richard Paul Evans have written inspirational fiction featured on New York Times bestseller lists. Orson Scott Card, Stephenie Meyer, and Brandon Sanderson are award-winning popular authors of science fiction and fantasy novels. Shannon Hale, James Dashner, and Ally Condie are popular authors of young adult science fiction and fantasy. The Association for Mormon Letters and LDStorymakers support their faith's authors with awards and conferences.

There have been some controversies over Mormon authors and their works. Brian Evenson resigned from his job at Brigham Young University (BYU) after controversy over his short story collection. In the past, Deseret Book has declined to sell books from popular authors because of their content. In 2013, Cedar Fort refused to sell a contracted book after one of the authors wanted to include a reference to his male partner in his author bio.

History

Parley P. Pratt

Mormon fiction's history begins at the same time as the LDS Church. The history of LDS literature is generally divided into four periods, as organized by Eugene England in his article on the subject.<ref name="Mormon Literature">Template:Cite book</ref>

Foundations: 1830–1880

Early written works among Mormons were generally non-fiction, including scripture, missionary tracts, and doctrinal literature. In 1844, Parley P. Pratt published what is commonly cited as the first work of LDS fiction, the didactic Dialogue between Joseph Smith and the Devil.<ref>Parley P. Pratt. Dialogue between Joseph Smith and the Devil Template:Webarchive. 1844.</ref> It was first published in the New York Herald. Early Mormon leaders like Brigham Young and George Q. Cannon condemned novels for wasting time, a rhetoric that persisted until the 1880s.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/>

Home literature: 1880–1930

Fiction among LDS Church members developed once the Mormons had settled in Utah and developed a degree of economic stability. In 1888, Orson F. Whitney called for an increase in "home literature", a "literature whose top shall touch heaven".<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp He contributed his own poetry to the efforts. In response to Whitney's call, LDS periodicals published didactic stories.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/><ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp There was still resistance to the idea of reading fiction. In 1879, a church magazine called Contributor was started to encourage members to write. The third issue condemned fiction as unhealthy for the mind and did not publish it in early issues.<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp Later, in 1889, B. H. Roberts wrote an essay for Contributor on how fiction had increased in scope and popularity, and published his own historical short fiction, "A Story of Zarahemla", in the periodical that year.<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp Woman's Exponent, founded in 1872 and Young Woman's Journal, starting in 1889, also published home literature. Relief Society Magazine started in 1915, with an entire department dedicated to "Arts and Literature".<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp

Nephi Anderson

The most successful work of LDS fiction in this period was the novel Added Upon (1898) by Nephi Anderson. Following a man and woman from their pre-earth life, through life on the earth and into the afterlife, Added Upon also served as a model plot for later LDS fictional works, such as the 1970s musical Saturday's Warrior by Lex de Azevedo.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> Michael Austin noted in 1998 that Added Upon opened the door to fiction based on Mormon theology.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Josephine Spencer was another popular writer who Gean Clark called the "most versatile and skillful" of early Mormon writers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Brigham Young's daughter, Susa Young Gates, published a fairly successful novel, John Stevens' Courtship (1909),<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and B. H. Roberts wrote the novel Corianton, which Orestes Utah Bean plagiarized into a play and adapted into a movie.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The literary development in this period stimulated the development of the first professional LDS publishing company in 1866. Originally independent of the church, George Q. Cannon and Sons is now part of Deseret Book.<ref name=about>Template:Cite web</ref>

The "lost" generation: 1930–1970

While this "home literature" has continued to be produced ever since, a new generation of LDS writers arose in the mid century, one that was able to be published nationally and gain national recognition, but generally at the expense of close ties to the church and in rebellion against the moralism of "home literature", leading this generation to be called the "lost" generation.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/>

Vardis Fisher was born in Idaho and his parents were Mormon; he joined the LDS Church briefly as an adult but did not identify as Mormon. Mormon characters are prominent in his early fiction. He won the Harper Prize in 1939 for Children of God (1939). Fisher's later fiction does not feature Mormon characters.<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp In a 1976 paper, Leonard Arrington and his student, John Haupt, renewed interest in Fisher's Mormon heritage, arguing that he did not completely reject Mormonism.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Fisher's widow subsequently issued a press release stating that Fisher was not Mormon. A 2014 Dialogue essay by Michael Austin concluded that Fisher was definitely influenced by the religion he rejected.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>

"Historical-regional" novels were prevalent during this era, which Karl Keller called the "best fiction to come out of the Church" and criticized it as a byproduct of "a history and lifestyle that has already been created".<ref name=Keller/> In this genre of "provincial" novels, Samuel W. Taylor wrote the humorous Heaven Knows Why (1948).<ref name="Mormon Literature"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Maurine Whipple won the Houghton Mifflin Literary Prize in 1938 and published The Giant Joshua (1941), which presented plural marriage as a test of faith similar to colonizing Utah's desert.<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp<ref name="Brief History"/> In "Fifty Important Mormon Books", Curt Bench reported that Mormon scholars in 1990 unanimously chose The Giant Joshua as the best Mormon novel before 1980.<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Virginia Sorensen is best known for A Little Lower than the Angels (1942), which also addressed the emotional hardship of polygamy,<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp and the acclaimed The Evening and the Morning (1949).<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> Her children's book, Miracles on Maple Hill (1957), won a Newbery Award.<ref name="Brief History"/> Edward Geary wrote that Sorenson "perhaps realizes regionalist's ambivalence more completely than any other".<ref name=Geary/>Template:Rp Other notable writers from this period include Paul Bailey, Ardyth Kennelly, Lorene Pearson, and Blanche Cannon.<ref name=Keller/><ref name=Geary/>Template:Rp These "provincial" novels often feature a protagonist who belongs to her community, yet desires to leave. Another character, usually a man, is committed to community values and grows fanatical, opposing the protagonist. A third character, usually the child of the first two characters, leaves the community for a more individualistic life. Often a fourth character will take on the role of "liberating Gentile", an outsider who tempts characters to leave their community or violate its norms.<ref name=Geary>Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp In an analysis of the "lost" generation, Terryl Givens argues that the novels from this era were "too compliant with the voices of criticism and cynicism to produce an art fully worthy of its subject."<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp

Faithful realism: 1960 to present

In the 1960s, Clinton F. Larsen developed poetry in a faithful modernist style, but it was not until the mid-1980s that novels emerged in this mode.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> Starting in the 1970s, BYU professors Douglas Thayer and Donald R. Marshall began to write skillful stories that explored Mormon thought and culture in a critical but fundamentally affirmative way. Marshall published collections The Rummage Sale: Collections and Recollections (1972) and Frost in the Orchard (1977). Thayer began publishing stories in BYU Studies and Dialogue in the mid-1960s, and published his collection of short stories, Under the Cottonwoods, in 1977.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> In 1974, Karl Keller praised Thayer for using "concrete, worldly symbols" to articulate his faith, but stated that his work did not go as far as creating a world where Mormon theology was "concretely true".<ref name=Keller/> Keller called on authors to follow Flannery O'Conner's example and let religion be "the light by which [they] see" rather than a substitute for seeing.<ref name=Keller>Template:Cite journal</ref>

Levi S. Peterson, influenced by Thayer,<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> wrote The Backslider (1986), which Terryl Givens called the "standard for the contemporary Mormon novel".<ref name=Givens>Template:Cite book</ref>Template:Rp Common themes in Peterson's work are the conflict between justice and mercy and between religious and secular thought.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> Eugene England hailed Linda Sillitoe's Sideways to the Sun (1987) as "the first good Mormon novel about 1980s Mormon life in Utah."<ref name="Beyond Jack Fiction"/> It features a typical Mormon housewife whose husband disappears, leading her to form a new, more independent identity.<ref name="Beyond Jack Fiction">Template:Cite book</ref> Also in 1987, Orson Scott Card published Seventh Son, which England wrote "raises troubling questions about the supposedly sharp borderline between magic and religion."<ref name="Beyond Jack Fiction"/>Template:Rp

The "faithful realism" genre of LDS fiction refers to "challenging Mormon-themed fiction" written by Mormons for Mormons, and only represents a small part of LDS fiction.<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp Other writers in this genre include Margaret Blair Young, Phyllis Barber, Marilyn Brown, and John Bennion.<ref name=eom/><ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp Richard Cracroft called Douglas Thayer's The Tree House (2010) the "best LDS literary novel of recent decades".<ref name=eom/> The Mormon missionary novel, a common Mormon Bildungsroman, commonly falls under the faithful realism or modern home literature genre; Michael Fillerup's Beyond the River and Alan Mitchell's Angel of the Danube (2000) fall on the faithful realism side of the spectrum.<ref name="Givens"/>Template:Rp Faithful realist fiction has been anthologized by Levi Peterson in Greening Wheat: Fifteen Mormon Short Stories (1983), by Eugene England in Bright Angels and Familiars (1992), in by Orson Scott Card and David Dollahite in Turning Hearts: Short Stories on Family Life (1994) and by Angela Hallstrom in Dispensation (2010).<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> Eugene England noted that In Our Lovely Deseret, while also a realist anthology, differed notably from the faithful realist anthologies by having stories with "in-your-face impiety."<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In 2017, the Mormon blog By Common Consent started the By Common Consent Press, a volunteer, non-profit press.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Mormon, or formerly Mormon, authors also write literary fiction for a general audience. Terry Tempest Williams's Refuge is commonly anthologized and taught in college classes. Works by Walter Kirn and Judith Freeman appeal to non-Mormon audiences and deal with Mormon issues.<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp

Mormon folk realism: 2000–present

Writing for Irreantum in 2000, Eric Eliason described Phyllis Barber's Parting the Veil as part of a Mormon magical realism movement in Mormon fiction, along with works by Orson Scott Card and Levi Peterson. He stated that their work "allows for the reality of sacred experience and the possibility of bumping into beings of light".<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp In his dissertation on Mormon Literature, Scott Hales proposed a new type of Mormon literature that embraces ambiguity and is more concerned with the experience of Mormonism than its truth. It tends to blur genres and subvert expectations,<ref name=Hales/>Template:Rp and includes a range of literary styles.<ref name=Hales/>Template:Rp Hales attributes this shift to the way the LDS church has changed how it interacts with the public opinions of its members. In the early 1990s, several intellectuals were excommunicated in connection with their ideas and criticism of the church. Later, when church members began voicing opinions online on social media and in the Mormon blogosphere, communal criticism and doctrinal speculation became more common and unlikely to lead to ecclesiastical action.<ref name=Hales>Template:Cite thesis</ref>Template:Rp The New Mormon Fiction provides a place for readers to "explore the cultural upheaval that surrounds them".<ref name=Hales/>Template:Rp Hales and William Morris have since suggested that this type of literature be called "Mormon Folk Realism".<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Primary source inline<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Hales lists the work of several authors as falling under this category, including Arianne Cope's The Coming of Elijah (2006), Coke Newell's On the Road to Heaven (2007), Todd Robert Peterson's Family History (2007), Brady Udall's The Lonely Polygamist (2010), and Steven L. Peck's The Scholar of Moab (2011).<ref name=Hales/>Template:Rp

Modern home literature: 1980–present

Authors produced a new "home literature" of uplifting literature marketed to Mormon audiences and usually published by Deseret Book.<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp Popular authors in the 1980s included Jack Weyland and Blaine M. Yorgason. In the 1990s, Deseret Book, Bookcraft, and Covenant Communications, publishers targeting the LDS market, started selling more works of fiction. Other small publishers also started publishing fiction for the LDS market. Deseret Book published The Work and the Glory historical fiction series by Gerald Lund.<ref name=Hansen/> The popular nine-volume series sold over two million copies.<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp Dean Hughes is known for the series Children of the Promise, set in World War II, and Hearts of the Fathers, which follows the same family into the 1960s. Tennis Shoes Among the Nephites, a series about people transported into scriptural times, was also published in the 1990s. Anita Stansfield's Mormon romance, First Love and Forever (1994), sold over 40,000 copies and paved the way for similar novels,<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> such as those by Susan Evans McCloud, Rachel Nunes, and Jennie Hansen.<ref name=Hansen/>

In a 2010 essay examining how LDS fiction has changed since the 1990s, Jennie Hansen wrote that the writing improved over time and LDS publishers stopped requiring an explicit LDS connection. Hansen also noted that some publishers cut corners on editing and "do not always adhere to LDS standards".<ref name=Hansen>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2006, Deseret Book stopped selling books to Seagull Book; Deseret Book's books accounted for about half of Seagull Book's book sales.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Later that year, Deseret Book purchased Seagull Book and Covenant Communications, which greatly reduced Deseret Book's competition.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Genre fiction

LDS authors' success in genre fiction is perhaps because, as Rosalynde Welch argues, "Mormon culture values superior performance of shared forms over the originality of invention."<ref name=Welch>Template:Cite news</ref> She notes that the communities Mormons foster in their families and wards is duplicated in the way authors understand genre communities.<ref name=Welch/> Building on Welch's work, Jana Riess argues that LDS authors are adept at conforming to genre expectations, and that the way they form and interact with their reading and writing communities contributes to their success.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> At Times and Seasons, Nathaniel Givens states that Mormonism's lack of "official" theology or creeds leads members to a culture of "amateur theology". This culture leads to theories that make good science fiction stories.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

In a New York Times article, Shannon Hale theorized that LDS authors are drawn to genre fiction because they prefer happy endings to bleak or tragic stories. Hale also noted that strong writing communities for LDS authors in children's and YA genres draw budding authors to those genres. In the same article, Rachel Nunes explained that since many LDS authors prefer not to include sexual content, they often write in the young adult genre, where avoiding sexual content is less conspicuous.<ref name=Oppenheimer>Template:Cite news</ref> In response to these arguments, Leah Libresco points out that Ender's Game did not shy away from violent content, and also that sexual content seems like a requirement for YA novels, with tamer books being relegated to the children's section.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Inspirational fiction

LDS radio host Glenn Beck co-authored The Christmas Sweater, which was a number one New York Times bestseller in 2008. Jason F. Wright co-authored The Christmas Sweater with Beck; he also wrote The Wednesday Letters and The Christmas Jars, both New York Times bestsellers. <ref name=Boyd>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Richard Paul Evans's The Christmas Box was a number one New York Times bestseller.<ref name=Boyd/> Evans has written 30 other novels in romance, action, and fantasy genres, and each novel spent some time on the New York Times bestseller list.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Science fiction and fantasy

Orson Scott Card

Stephenie Meyer

A number of LDS authors are successful science fiction and fantasy authors. Orson Scott Card was the first prominent LDS science fiction writer.<ref name=Morris>Template:Cite news</ref> He earned Hugo and Nebula Awards in 1986 and 1987 for his books Ender's Game and Speaker for the Dead.<ref name="Mormon Literature"/> Also in the 1980s, Tracy Hickman helped to develop the gaming fiction genre, writing adventure models connected to TSR's Advanced Dungeons and Dragons and co-authoring Dragonlance novels with Margaret Weis.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Stephenie Meyer, known for writing the Twilight series, wrote The Host, which was a New York Times bestseller for over a year.<ref name=Morris/> Brandon Sanderson, writer of epic fantasy, is another LDS author of New York Times bestsellers, including The Stormlight Archive.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Sanderson has also written YA fantasy, including The Reckoners series of urban fantasy.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Zenna Henderson, popular in the 1960s for her stories about "The People", was raised in an LDS family.<ref name=Morris/> According to Terryl Givens, science fiction works by Mormons commonly explore ideas "at the margins of conventional thinking", like life on other planets and apotheosis.<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp According to Preston Hunter at adherents.com, a quarter of novels that won Hugo or Nebula awards had an LDS author or references to Latter-day Saints and Utah.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Children's and YA fiction

In 2014, Utah had more nationally recognized children's book writers and illustrators per capita than any other state.<ref name=Kirch>Template:Cite news</ref> Rick Walton, a prolific author of children's books, helped to foster a community of children's book authors in Utah by leading critique groups and hosting a listserv for authors to meet and support each other.<ref name=Piper/> The invitation-only group started as a listserv in 2001, and in 2014, held monthly meetings.<ref name=Kirch/> Walton, Carol Lynch Williams, and Cheri Earl planned the Writing and Illustrating for Young Readers annual conference starting in 2000.<ref name=Piper>Template:Cite news</ref>

LDS authors of young adult novels frequently write in fantasy or science fiction genres. Shannon Hale won the 2006 Newbery Award for her middle-grade fantasy novel Princess Academy. Brandon Mull, Aprilynne Pike, Jessica Day George, and Kiersten White are also prominent writers of middle grade and YA fantasy.<ref name=Morris/><ref name=Jensen/> James Dashner and Ally Condie have written popular dystopian YA novels.<ref name=Jensen>Template:Cite web</ref> Robert Farrell Smith wrote the Leven Thumps series under the pseudonym Obert Skye.<ref name=eom>Template:Cite book</ref>

Associations and awards

In 1976, the Association for Mormon Letters (AML) held its first annual symposium. The association created an e-mail forum, AML-list, in 1995, and started the blog "The Dawning of a Brighter Day" in 2009.<ref name="Brief History"/> The group has given annual awards since 1977.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Mormon writers group, LDStorymakers, starting from a listserv made by Rachel Nunes, has held an annual conference since 2004. Robison Wells founded the Whitney Awards in 2007 as an autonomous subsidiary of LDStorymakers.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref name="Brief History">Template:Cite journal</ref>Template:Rp The science fiction and fantasy conference Life, the Universe, & Everything, held annually in Provo, Utah, often highlights LDS authors.<ref name="Brief History"/>Template:Rp BYU publishes the student-run science fiction and fantasy magazine Leading Edge.<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp

Starting in 1998, the AML began presenting an award to the best unpublished novel manuscript of the regional culture.<ref name=Givens/>Template:Rp In 2000 it changed to the Marilyn Brown Novel Award, administered by the UVU English Department.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After 2011, the award was changed to a scholarship with a creative writing component.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Controversies about LDS fiction

In the late 1970s, BYU Press declined to publish Nothing Very Important and Other Stories by Bela Petsco, because its content was "too controversial".<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

While a new professor of creative writing at Brigham Young University (BYU), Brian Evenson published a short story collection, Altmann's Tongue.<ref name="Young" /> A graduate student complained anonymously to church leaders that the work promoted the "enjoyment" of violence, while Evenson argued that his fiction accentuated violence to show its horror and "thus allow it to be condemned".<ref name="Young" /> A senior faculty member advised Evenson not to publish similar works in the future.<ref name="Pratt">Template:Cite web</ref> Evenson resigned from BYU in 1995, and left the church formally in 2000.<ref name="Young">Template:Cite magazine</ref>

Deseret Book has refused to sell books from successful LDS authors because of implied adultery,<ref name=Lythgoe>Template:Cite news</ref> premarital sex,<ref name=Nelson>Template:Cite news</ref> and offensive language.<ref name=Fulton>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2002, they stopped selling several books as a result of a study that showed that their customers did not want to buy books that violated "their core values".<ref name=Herald/> They refused to sell Richard Paul Evans's The Last Promise, which contains a scene, where, Deseret Book argued, there was an implication of adultery. In a defense of his work, Evans said that the book "would be a PG-rated movie".<ref name=Herald>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name=Lythgoe/> Also in 2002, Covenant Communications, an imprint of Deseret Book,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> declined to publish Anita Stansfield's The Captain of Her Heart because "of its reference to premarital sex".<ref name=Nelson/> Stansfield self-published the novel.<ref name=Nelson/> In a column in The Provo Daily Herald, Eric Snider highlighted that Deseret Book still sold the Bible, which contains graphic sex and violence, but conceded that it depicted "the woeful effects of sinning" to better effect than The Last Promise, which described the protagonist leaving her abusive husband positively.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In a 2003 interview with Irreantum, Jana Riess said that "increased inventory conservatism" was a trend with Christian publishers at the time and called it a "sound marketing decision" but "troubling from a literary perspective".<ref>Template:Cite journal</ref> In 2009, Deseret Book stopped selling novels in the Twilight series and in 2010, Deseret Book declined to stock James Dashner's The Scorch Trials because of offensive language.<ref name=Fulton/>

In 2013, Cedar Fort Publishing's imprint, Sweetwater Books, deleted gay author Michael Jensen's reference to his partner in his cover bio. Jensen requested that his bio reference his partner, and Lyle Mortimer threatened to publish the book without giving authors credit for their work. Subsequently, Cedar Fort released the writers from their contract and did not publish the book.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In response to Cedar Fort's decision, over 40 Mormon authors signed a letter requesting that publishers make their publishing decisions based on a book's content.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Publishers specializing in the field

Presses issuing LDS fiction include:<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

• BCC Press
• Cedar Fort press
• Covenant Communications
• Deseret Book
• Peculiar Pages
• Signature Books
• Zarahemla Books

See also

• LDS Poetry
• Mormon literature
• Mormon Literature & Creative Arts, a Mormon works database
• AML Awards and Whitney Awards, awards for LDS literature
• Association for Mormon Letters

Further reading

• Template:Cite book

External links

• MotleyVision.org, a group blog pertaining to especially contemporary LDS literature