Solano County, California

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Solano County (Template:IPAc-en) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, its population was 453,491.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The county seat is Fairfield.<ref name="GR6">Template:Cite web</ref>

Solano County comprises the Vallejo–Fairfield metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, combined statistical area.<ref name=landis>Template:Cite book</ref> Solano County is the northeastern county in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region.

A portion of the South Campus at the University of California, Davis, is in Solano County.

History

Solano County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood.

At the request of General Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, the county was named for Chief Solano of the Suisun people, a Native American tribe of the region and Vallejo's close ally. Chief Solano at one time led the tribes between the Petaluma River and the Sacramento River. The chief was also called Sem-Yeto, which signifies "brave or fierce hand". The chief was given the Spanish name Francisco Solano during baptism at the Catholic Mission, and is named after the Spanish Franciscan missionary Father Francisco Solano.

Travis Air Force Base is located just east of Fairfield. Between 2017 and 2023, California Forever purchased over 50,000 acres of land in the county for an estimated $900 million to develop a new city.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

Region

Solano County is the easternmost county of the North Bay.<ref name=landis /> As such, it is sometimes reported by news agencies as being in the East Bay.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Additionally, a portion of the county extends into the Sacramento Valley, geographically.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of Template:Convert, of which Template:Convert, comprising 9.3%, are covered by water.<ref name="GR1">Template:Cite web</ref>

Solano County had several cinnabar mines that operated in the first half of the 20th century, including the Hastings Mine and St. John's Mine.<ref name=californiaEA1989>Template:Cite book</ref>

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Flora and fauna

Solano County has a number of rare and endangered species, including the delta green ground beetle,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> the wildflower Lasthenia conjugens, commonly known as Contra Costa goldfields,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and the annual plant Legenere limosa or false Venus' looking glass.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Transportation

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Major highways

Highway 37 Bridge over the Napa River in Vallejo
A train sits behind a stop sign at an intersection in Cordelia, California.

Public transportation

Solano County is served by several transit agencies:

Each agency interconnects with the others, enabling transit trips throughout the county. Service also connects with BART stations in Contra Costa County. Transit links are provided to Napa, Yolo and Sacramento counties as well.

Greyhound and Amtrak provide long-distance intercity service.

Airports

General aviation airports in Solano County that are open to the public include the Nut Tree Airport and Rio Vista Municipal Airport.

Demographics

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2020 census

Solano County, California – Racial and ethnic composition
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Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 1990<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> Pop 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2>Template:Cite web</ref> % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 163,371 207,476 194,282 168,628 155,125 69.46% 60.95% 49.24% 40.80% 34.21%
Black or African American alone (NH) 27,372 43,858 57,597 58,743 60,051 11.64% 12.88% 14.60% 14.21% 13.24%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 1,981 2,469 2,194 1,864 1,624 0.84% 0.73% 0.56% 0.45% 0.36%
Asian alone (NH) 17,377 40,494 49,399 59,027 70,953 7.39% 11.90% 12.52% 14.28% 15.65%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x <ref>included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census</ref> x <ref>included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census</ref> 2,859 3,243 3,775 x x 0.72% 0.78% 0.83%
Other race alone (NH) 329 607 955 1,463 2,988 0.14% 0.18% 0.24% 0.35% 0.66%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x <ref>not an option in the 1980 Census</ref> x <ref>not an option in the 1990 Census</ref> 17,658 21,020 30,820 x x 4.48% 5.09% 6.80%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 24,773 45,517 69,598 99,356 128,155 10.53% 13.37% 17.64% 24.04% 28.26%
Total 235,203 340,421 394,542 413,344 453,491 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2014

A 2014 analysis by The Atlantic found Solano County to be the 5th most racially diverse county in the United States, behind Aleutians West Census Area and Aleutians East Borough in Alaska, Queens County in New York, and Alameda County in California.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

2011

Population, race, and income
Total population<ref name="US-CB-B02001">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.</ref> 411,620
  White<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 214,436 52.1%
  Black or African American<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 60,130 14.6%
  American Indian or Alaska Native<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 2,427 0.6%
  Asian<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 59,143 14.4%
  Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 3,390 0.8%
  Some other race<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 43,064 10.5%
  Two or more races<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 29,030 7.1%
 Hispanic or Latino (of any race)<ref name="US-CB-B03003">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.</ref> 97,268 23.6%
Per capita income<ref name="US-CB-B19301">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.</ref> $29,367
Median household income<ref name="US-CB-B19013">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.</ref> $69,914
Median family income<ref name="US-CB-B19113">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.</ref> $79,316
Ethnic origins in Solano County

Places by population, race, and income

Places by population and race
Place Type<ref name="US-CB">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.</ref> Population<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> White<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> Other<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/>
<ref name="other" group=note>Other = Some other race + Two or more races</ref> 		Asian<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> Black or African
American<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/> 		Native American<ref name="US-CB-B02001"/>
<ref name="na" group=note>Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native</ref> 		Hispanic or Latino
(of any race)<ref name="US-CB-B03003"/>
Allendale CDP 1,968 86.1% 10.7% 3.2% 0.0% 0.0% 14.7%
Benicia City 26,981 75.6% 10.4% 9.3% 3.1% 1.7% 12.2%
Dixon City 18,141 74.9% 17.0% 3.8% 3.0% 1.3% 39.4%
Elmira CDP 251 97.2% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.8%
Fairfield City 104,404 47.1% 19.4% 15.5% 16.6% 1.5% 25.7%
Green Valley CDP 1,719 85.7% 8.7% 2.4% 3.1% 0.0% 8.0%
Hartley CDP 2,229 85.3% 4.4% 1.7% 7.3% 1.3% 12.7%
Rio Vista City 7,088 76.5% 10.0% 4.0% 7.9% 1.5% 14.9%
Suisun City City 27,900 34.4% 24.9% 19.9% 19.7% 1.1% 25.6%
Vacaville City 92,217 64.8% 17.0% 5.9% 11.1% 1.2% 21.7%
Vallejo City 116,021 36.2% 17.2% 23.9% 21.0% 1.6% 23.3%
Places by population and income
Place Type<ref name="US-CB"/> Population<ref name="US-CB-B01003">U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.</ref> Per capita income<ref name="US-CB-B19301"/> Median household income<ref name="US-CB-B19013"/> Median family income<ref name="US-CB-B19113"/>
Allendale CDP 1,968 $41,928 $112,837 $119,063
Benicia City 26,981 $41,854 $90,338 $102,571
Dixon City 18,141 $27,624 $72,626 $76,038
Elmira CDP 251 $22,069 $73,438 $85,650
Fairfield City 104,404 $26,785 $68,037 $75,717
Green Valley (Solano County) CDP 1,719 $67,828 $125,669 $145,781
Hartley CDP 2,229 $41,041 $87,841 $106,786
Rio Vista City 7,088 $34,332 $58,701 $68,156
Suisun City City 27,900 $26,148 $71,411 $76,286
Vacaville City 92,217 $29,687 $73,302 $85,790
Vallejo City 116,021 $27,375 $62,325 $72,717

2010

The 2010 United States census reported that Solano County had a population of 413,344. The racial makeup of Solano County was 210,751 (51.0%) White, 60,750 (14.7%) African American, 3,212 (0.8%) Native American, 60,473 (14.6%) Asian, 3,564 (0.9%) Pacific Islander, 43,236 (10.5%) from other races, and 31,358 (7.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 99,356 persons (24.0%).<ref>Template:USCensus2010CA</ref> At 52,641 Filipinos in the county making up 12% of the population, Solano County has the largest percentage Filipino population of any county in the United States.Template:Citation needed

2000

At the 2000 census there were 394,542 people, 130,403 households, and 97,411 families in the county. The population density was Template:Convert. There were 134,513 housing units at an average density of Template:Convert. The racial makeup of the county was 56.4% White, 14.9% Black or African American, 0.8% Native American, 12.8% Asian, 0.8% Pacific Islander, 8.0% from other races, and 6.4% from two or more races. 17.64% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 8.5% were of German, 6.4% Irish and 6.0% English ancestry according to Census 2000. 75.7% spoke English, 12.1% Spanish and 6.6% Tagalog as their first language.<ref name="GR8">Template:Cite web</ref> Of the 130,403 households 39.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.3% were non-families. 19.6% of households were one person and 6.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.33.

The age distribution was 28.3% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% 65 or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.2 males.

The median household income was $54,099 and the median family income was $60,597. Males had a median income of $41,787 versus $31,916 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,731. About 6.1% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.3% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense (2011).

Cities by population and crime rates

Government and politics

Government

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The Government of Solano County is defined and authorized under the California Constitution and law as a general law county. The County government provides countywide services such as elections and voter registration, law enforcement, jails, vital records, property records, tax collection, public health, and social services. In addition the County serves as the local government for all unincorporated areas.

The County government is composed of the elected five-member Board of Supervisors, several other elected offices including the Sheriff-Coroner, District Attorney, Assessor/Recorder, Auditor-Controller, and Treasurer/Tax Collector/County Clerk, and numerous county departments and entities under the supervision of the County Administrator. As of March 2023, the members of the Solano County Board of Supervisors were:

  • Cassandra James, District 1
  • Monica Brown, District 2, Vice Chair
  • Wanda Williams, District 3
  • John Vasquez, District 4
  • Mitch Mashburn, District 5, Chair

Politics

Voter registration statistics

Overview

Solano County courthouse tower in parking lot

Solano County has been a Democratic stronghold in presidential and congressional elections, with Californians Richard Nixon (in 1972) and Ronald Reagan (in 1980 and 1984) being the only Republicans to win the county since 1928. However, the northern area of Solano County including Vacaville and Dixon have begun shifting right as evidenced by the 2022 midterms, voters in Congressional District 4 favoring the Republican candidate 50.3% to 49.7%.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

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Solano County is split between California's 4th, 7th and 8th congressional districts, represented by Template:Representative, Template:Representative and Template:Representative respectively.<ref>Template:Cite GovTrack</ref>

In the California State Assembly, Solano County is split between Template:Representative, and Template:Representative. In the California State Senate, it is in Template:Representative.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

On November 4, 2008, Solano County voted 55.82% in favor of Proposition 8, which amended the California Constitution to ban same-sex marriages. It was the only Bay Area county to approve the initiative.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In the 2008 presidential election that day, Barack Obama carried the county by a 28.5% margin over John McCain, a larger margin than statewide (24%).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

According to the California Secretary of State, as of February 10, 2019, Solano County has 236,028 registered voters. Of those, 106,452 (45.1%) are registered Democrats, 50,006 (21.2%) are registered Republicans, and 66,558 (28.2%) have declined to state a political party.<ref>CA Secretary of State – Report of Registration – February 10, 2019 Template:Webarchive</ref> Democrats hold voter-registration advantages in all incorporated cities and towns in Solano County. However, Republicans lead in registration in the unincorporated communities of the county (40%-35%), making Solano the only county in the Bay Area where Republicans out-number Democrats in unincorporated communities. The Democrats' largest registration advantage in Solano is in the city of Vallejo, wherein there are only 8,242 Republicans (14.6%) out of 56,313 total voters compared to 33,753 Democrats (59.9%) and 12,157 voters who have declined to state a political party (21.6%).

Communities

Cities

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  • People line up at the gate to the Solano County Fair in Vallejo.
    People line up at the gate to the Solano County Fair in Vallejo.
  • A building on the Solano County Fairgrounds
    A building on the Solano County Fairgrounds

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities

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Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Solano County.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

† county seat

Rank Settlement Municipal type Population (2020 census)
1 Vallejo City 126,090
2 † Fairfield City 119,881
3 Vacaville City 102,386
4 Suisun City City 29,518
5 Benicia City 27,131
6 Dixon City 18,988
7 Rio Vista City 10,005
8 Hartley CDP 2,430
9 Green Valley CDP 1,654
10 Allendale CDP 1,651
11 Elmira CDP 193

Miscellania

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  • In 1985 Humphrey the humpback whale strayed off his migration route and ended up in Shag Slough north of Rio Vista. Rescuers from the Marine Mammal Center and other volunteers dismantled a county bridge before being able to turn him around in the narrow slough.

See also

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Explanatory notes

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References

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