Takanohana Kōji
Template:Short description Template:Redirect Template:Hatnote Template:Infobox sumo wrestler
Template:Nihongo is a Japanese former professional sumo wrestler and coach. He was the 65th man in history to reach sumo's highest rank of yokozuna, and he won 22 tournament championships between 1992 and 2001, the sixth highest total ever. The son of a popular ōzeki ranked wrestler from the 1970s, Takanohana's rise through the ranks alongside his elder brother Wakanohana and his rivalry with the foreign born yokozuna Akebono saw interest in sumo and attendance at tournaments soar during the early 1990s.<ref name="jt">Template:Cite web</ref>
Takanohana was the youngest ever to reach the top division at just 17, and he set a number of other age-related records. He had a solid but aggressive style, looking to get a right hand grip on his opponents' mawashi and move them quickly out of the ring.<ref name="jt"/> He won over half his bouts by a straightforward yorikiri, or force out.<ref name="kimarite"/> In his later career he suffered increasingly from injuries, and he retired in January 2003 at the age of 30. He became the head coach of Takanohana stable in 2004 and was on the board of directors of the Japan Sumo Association from 2010 until January 2018, when he was removed and demoted in the Sumo Association's hierarchy. He resigned from the Sumo Association in September 2018.
Background
Takanohana comes from a family with a great sumo history, sometimes called the "Hanada Dynasty."<ref name="lewin">Template:Cite web</ref> His uncle Wakanohana Kanji I was a yokozuna from 1958 to 1962, and his father Takanohana Kenshi had held the second highest rank of ōzeki for a then record 50 tournaments from 1972 to 1981. Upon his retirement his father established the training stable (heya) Fujishima stable. The young Kōji Hanada had been practicing sumo since elementary school and won the equivalent of a yokozuna title in junior high school.<ref name="Sharnoff">Template:Cite book</ref> Upon his graduation in 1988 he formally joined his father's stable. His elder brother Masaru had been planning to complete high school but dropped out so as not to lag behind his brother.<ref name="Sharnoff"/>
Early career
Takanohana and his brother made their professional debuts together in March 1988, with future rival Akebono also beginning his career in the same month.<ref name="Panek">Template:Cite book</ref> The two brothers had to move from the family quarters in the stable and join the communal room with all the other new recruits.<ref name="asahi">Template:Cite web</ref> They were also instructed not to refer to their parents as "father" and "mother" any more but as "oyakata" and "okamisan" (coach and coach's wife).<ref name="clyde">Template:Cite book</ref> Kōji initially wrestled under the name Template:Nihongo, and it was understood that he would only be allowed to adopt his father's shikona of Takanohana (meaning noble flower)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> when he reached the rank of ōzeki.<ref name="Panek"/>
Their early career attracted much publicity, with each divisional promotion regarded by the media as part of an inevitable rise to the top ranks.<ref name="lewin"/> Takahanada's progress was rapid and he set numerous age-related records, including the youngest ever makushita division tournament champion (16 years 9 months),<ref name="Sharnoff"/> youngest ever promoted to the second highest jūryō division (17 years 3 months),<ref name="Sharnoff"/> and the youngest ever promoted to the top makuuchi division (17 years 8 months).<ref name="Sharnoff"/>
In March 1991, in his fourth top division tournament, Takahanada was runner-up with twelve wins, and became the youngest ever sanshō or special prize winner, receiving awards for Fighting Spirit and Technique. In the following tournament in May 1991 he defeated veteran yokozuna Chiyonofuji in a match watched by 44 percent of the Japanese population on TV,<ref name="Panek"/> becoming the youngest ever to defeat a yokozuna.<ref name="Sharnoff"/> Chiyonofuji retired two days afterwards.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In January 1992, he became the youngest ever top division tournament champion (19 years 5 months).<ref name="Sharnoff"/> He was too young to drink the celebratory sake at the after tournament party, and had to make do with oolong tea instead.<ref name="Sharnoff"/> After his second championship in September 1992, followed by two good scores of 10–5 and 11–4 in the next two tournaments, he was promoted to ōzeki in January 1993, the same tournament in which Akebono was elevated to yokozuna.<ref name="Panek"/>
During this period the two brothers created a so-called "Waka-Taka boom" and were credited with restoring sumo's popularity, particularly amongst younger audiences.<ref name="salon">Template:Cite web</ref> Interest in sumo rose to its highest level since the era of Futabayama in the 1930s,<ref name="clyde"/> with official tournaments (honbasho) selling out of tickets every day. Both Takahanada and his brother became sex symbols.<ref name="Schilling">Template:Cite book</ref>
Promotion to yokozuna
Now known as Template:Nihongo, he was also the youngest ever to be promoted to ōzeki at 20 years 5 months.<ref name="trends">Template:Cite web</ref> With the foreign born Akebono as sumo's only yokozuna, there was a great weight of expectation on Takanohana to make the next step up.<ref name="Panek"/> However, his lack of consistency, and Akebono's dominance, delayed his promotion to yokozuna.<ref name="Panek"/> He won his third championship in May 1993, but lost a playoff to Akebono in the following tournament in July, and even produced a make-koshi or losing record of 7–8 in November. In 1994, a year in which Akebono suffered several injury problems, Takanohana won the January and May tournaments, but was then outshone by Musashimaru, who won in July with a perfect 15–0 record.<ref name="Panek"/> After taking the September 1994 championship, Takanohana now had six top division titles, but none had been won consecutively. No previous wrestler had ever accumulated so many titles before reaching sumo's highest rank. The Sumo Association nominated him for yokozuna after the September tournament, but the Yokozuna Deliberation Council failed to endorse it by the required two-thirds majority, the first time this had happened in twenty five years.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref> They insisted that two consecutive championships were required, having demanded the same of Akebono before his promotion.<ref name="Panek"/> After changing the spelling of his shikona in November 1994, Takanohana at last managed to win two consecutive tournaments, with his second consecutive unbeaten 15–0 score, and his promotion was confirmed.<ref name="Panek"/> He had been at the ōzeki rank for 11 tournaments, or nearly two years. However, at 22 years and 3 months, he was still the third youngest yokozuna ever at the time.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Yokozuna career
1995–1997
Takanohana's total of seven tournament championships by the start of 1995 was the same as the total won by Akebono, who had reached the yokozuna rank two years before him.<ref name="lewin"/> However, Takanohana now pulled ahead of his rival. He was at his peak as a yokozuna between 1995 and 1997, during which time he won 11 of the 17 tournaments he entered, finishing runner-up in the other six.<ref name="sumodb"/> He produced two more perfect scores of 15–0, in September 1995 and September 1996. Overall he won 80 out of 90 bouts he fought in 1995, 70 out of 75 in 1996, and 78 out 90 in 1997, far ahead of any other wrestler. In three of the tournaments Takanohana did not win during this period, he was defeated by stablemates in playoffs: once to Wakanohana and twice to ōzeki Takanonami.<ref name="basho">Template:Cite web</ref> Sumo rules prevent wrestlers from the same heya meeting in regular tournament bouts (playoffs excepted) which meant Takanohana avoided not only his brother and Takanonami but also sekiwake Akinoshima and Takatōriki.<ref name="Panek"/> The merger of his father's Fujishima stable with his uncle's Futagoyama stable in 1993 had added even more top division wrestlers to this list, giving him an advantage over Akebono, who had to face them all.<ref name="Panek"/> By September 1996 Takanohana had won 15 tournament championships, and was still only 24 years old. However, after sitting out the first tournament of his career in November 1996 due to a back injury suffered on a regional tour, he put on more weight and began to be more susceptible to injury and illness.<ref name="jt"/>
1998–2000
Takanohana was affected by a liver disorder in the first half of 1998, which caused him to withdraw from the January 1998 tournament and miss the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics in Nagano (his place was taken by Akebono).<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> He pulled out of the March 1998 tournament as well and was still below his best in May. Shunning the traditional treatment methods available from his stable, he turned instead to a physical therapist called Tashiro Tomita, who had a considerable influence over him.<ref name="lewin"/> He became increasingly isolated from his father and brother, with his father claiming Takanohana had been "brainwashed" by Tomita.<ref name="lewin"/> Despite his brother's promotion to yokozuna that year, creating the first ever sibling grand champions,<ref name="trends"/> the two were barely on speaking terms.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> Takanohana recovered to win the July and September 1998 tournaments, and was runner-up that November. In 1999, however, he was even more badly affected by injuries, including a dislocated shoulder,<ref name="jt"/> and managed only one score in double digits all year.<ref name="sumodb"/>
After making peace with his family,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Takanohana regained some of his consistency in 2000, although he was temporarily sidelined by an elbow injury suffered in the July tournament.<ref name="clyde 2">Template:Cite web</ref> His brother had retired in March, and several other members of his stable were now past their best.<ref name="clyde"/> With Akebono dominant once more, his best results that year were two runner-up performances.
2001–2003
Takanohana won his first tournament in over two years in January 2001, winning his first fourteen bouts and then defeating fellow yokozuna Musashimaru in a playoff on the final day. He won his final championship in May 2001, again in a playoff against Musashimaru, but it came at a great cost. He had suffered serious knee ligament damage in a loss to Musōyama on the 14th day but he insisted on fighting until the end of the tournament.<ref name="lewin"/> As a result, he then missed an unprecedented seven consecutive tournaments, undergoing surgery in Paris in July 2001 and having a lengthy recuperation after that.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Takanohana finally returned to the ring in September 2002, after the Sumo Association declared he must compete or retire.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He finished behind Musashimaru on 12–3, the 16th time he had been a tournament runner-up. Considering how long he had been away, it was seen as an impressive comeback.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, he sat out the next tournament with a recurrence of the knee injury.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He made another comeback in January 2003, making a late decision to compete. A shoulder injury caused him to miss two days, and after suffering successive losses to Dejima and Aminishiki he announced his retirement.<ref name="jt"/> He said he had no regrets and was thankful to have achieved so much in sumo.<ref name="jt"/> His father spoke of his relief at the decision, after seeing his son battle through so many injuries.<ref name="jt"/> Takanohana's record of 22 tournament championships was the fourth best in sumo history, behind only Taihō, Chiyonofuji and Kitanoumi at the time.<ref name="watts">Template:Cite news</ref> Junichiro Koizumi, the Prime Minister, was among those paying tribute.<ref name="watts"/> His retirement left no Japanese born wrestlers at the yokozuna rank and was widely regarded as being the end of an era.<ref name="watts"/>
Takanohana's danpatsu-shiki, or official retirement ceremony, was held at the Ryōgoku Kokugikan on June 1, 2003. Unusually, Takanohana allowed only 50 guests on stage to take a snip of his hair, instead of the normal 300 to 400.<ref name="nail">Template:Cite web</ref> The ceremony, and the party held afterwards at the Imperial Hotel, were both broadcast live on Fuji TV.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Fighting style
Takanohana was largely a yotsu-sumo wrestler, favoring techniques which involved grabbing his opponent's mawashi or belt. His preferred grip was migi-yotsu (right hand inside, left hand outside his opponent).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> His most common winning kimarite by far was yori-kiri, a simple force out, which accounted for 52 percent of his victories.<ref name="kimarite">Template:Cite web</ref> He also regularly employed uwatenage, or overarm throw, and this was the technique he used to defeat Asashōryū in the second of their two meetings, in September 2002.<ref name="kimarite"/>
Retirement from sumo
After his retirement he became an elder (or member) of the Japan Sumo Association. Because of his great achievements in sumo he was given a bonus of 130 million yen and was also made a "one generation" elder without having to purchase a share in the Association.<ref name="jt"/> This enabled him to keep his fighting name and he was now known as Takanohana Oyakata.<ref name="jt"/> With his father's health failing, he took over the operation of his training stable in January 2004, renaming it Takanohana stable.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Its last sekitori, Takanonami retired shortly afterwards.<ref name="lewin"/><ref name="takanoiwa">Template:Cite web</ref> During 2008, he added four new recruits to his stable, the first for several years, bringing the total number of wrestlers in his charge up to ten.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> These include his first foreign recruit, a Mongolian with amateur sumo experience named Takanoiwa,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and two twins.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In July 2012 Takanohana produced his first sekitori level wrestler when Takanoiwa was promoted to the second highest jūryō division. He won the jūryō championship in January 2013 and a year later was promoted to the top makuuchi division. Takanohana also coached Takakeishō, who reached the top division in January 2017.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Takanohana became a judge of tournament bouts in February 2004, only a year after his retirement, a role for which elders normally have to wait at least four years.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> After the election of the Association's Board of Directors in February 2008, the Association appointed Takanohana as Template:Nihongo, replacing former yokozuna Chiyonofuji who was elected to serve the Board as a director.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> For an organization that tends to follow seniority over achievement in its organization appointment, it was highly unusual for them to place a 35-year-old to such an influential position. However both former yokozuna, Kitanoumi and Chiyonofuji whom Takanohana is often compared to, served a stint as Associate Manager of Judging prior to their becoming the Board director.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In February 2009 he was moved from the judging department to the jungyō (regional tour) department, a less high-profile position.Template:Citation needed
Takanohana mentioned in October 2009 that he was interested in running for a spot on the Board of Directors in the February 2010 elections, and confirmed in January that he would stand, despite the fact that this would mean opposing the two officially sanctioned candidates of the Nishonoseki ichimon or group of stables. As a result, Takanohana and six of his supporters, Ōtake (the former Takatōriki), Futagoyama (the former Dairyū), Otowayama (the former Takanonami), Tokiwayama (the former Takamisugi), Ōnomatsu (the former Masurao), and Magaki (the former Wakanohana II) left the Nishonoseki ichimon.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Takanohana told a press conference, "I will leave the faction. I bid farewell to everyone in my greetings at the meeting. I have stepped into the race as a candidate."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The first contested elections since 2002, they took place by secret ballot on February 1, and Takanohana was elected to the board, replacing Ōshima.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Seen as a reformer, he favored revamping the current ticket sales system and improving support for ex-rikishi, as well as encouraging sumo in primary schools, raising the pay of gyōji, yobidashi and tokoyama, and making public the Sumo Association's accounts and assets.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> His victory was praised by the Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama, who said Takanohana had let in "a new wind of change."<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2014, the JSA made the decision to recognize the Takanohana group formed from the stables ousted in 2010, as an official ichimon.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>
In July 2010, in the wake of a scandal involving several wrestlers admitting to illegal gambling, he denied he had connections with members of the yakuza underworld after media reports that he was seen with a mobster during a visit to Ehime Prefecture to recruit new apprentices.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Following the election of Hanaregoma as the new head of the Sumo Association in August 2010, Takanohana returned to the judging department as director of judging.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> At 38 he was the second youngest director of judging in the history of the Sumo Association.<ref name="demote">Template:Cite web</ref> The following month he and his wife were awarded ¥8.47 million in damages by the Tokyo High Court over 13 articles published by the Shukan Gendai and Gekkan Gendai in 2004 and 2005 concerning match-fixing allegations and the controversy over his father's inheritance.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He left the judging department once again in 2012 and became the director of the Osaka tournament.Template:Citation needed
Having reached a peak weight of Template:Convert as an active wrestler, he has lost a great deal of weight since his retirement (more than retired wrestlers typically do) and is now around Template:Convert.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2009 he published a book detailing his weight loss methods.Template:Citation needed
He ran for the chairmanship of the Sumo Association in 2016, but was defeated by Hakkaku Oyakata (ex-yokozuna Hokutoumi).<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Following this he was replaced as General Enterprises Director, seen as the third highest position in the Association's hierarchy, by Kagamiyama Oyakata, and became the jungyo (regional tour) director.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Takanoiwa affair and resignation
Takanohana was criticized for his delay in notifying the Sumo Association that Takanoiwa would miss the November 2017 tournament because of injuries allegedly sustained in an assault by the yokozuna Harumafuji at a restaurant in bar in Tottori Prefecture in late October.<ref name="assault">Template:Cite web</ref> Takanohana reported the incident to the police but did not submit a medical certificate for his wrestler until near the start of the tournament.<ref name="assault"/> Takanohana refused to speak to the press about the incident or co-operate with the Sumo Association's investigation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> An editorial in the Nikkei Asian Review compared his actions to "an executive withholding from top management information that could rock the company."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Sumo writer Chris Gould said Takanohana was under fire for breaking sumo's code of secrecy by going to the police, whereas "in most other sports he'd be lauded as a whistleblowing hero."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It was announced after a meeting of sumo elders on December 1, 2017, that Takanohana would only talk to the Sumo Association's crisis management team once the police investigation was concluded.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> On December 28 an emergency meeting of the board of directors recommended unanimously to dismiss Takanohana as a director for failing to promptly report Takanoiwa's injuries to the Sumo Association, and for failing to co-operate with the investigation.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Their recommendation was certified by a meeting of Sumo Association councilors and external members on January 4, with Takanohana demoted two rungs in the hierarchy.<ref name="demote"/> It is the first time that a director has been dismissed before the end of his scheduled term.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He failed to gain re-election to the board in the February 2018 elections, receiving only two votes in the ballot.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The Takanohana group had selected Ōnomatsu Oyakata (the former sekiwake Masurao), as their preferred candidate and he was duly elected, but Takanohana decided to run as well.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> In March 2018 Takanohana was demoted again, to the lowest rank of toshiyori, due mainly to the behavior of his wrestler Takayoshitoshi, who was suspended for one tournament for punching his attendant in the dressing room after a match.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He returned to the shimpan or judging committee.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
On September 25, 2018, Takanohana announced his resignation from the Japan Sumo Association, after refusing to disavow the allegations in a letter of complaint that he filed with the Cabinet Office on March 9 over the Association's handling of the Takanoiwa affair. Although he withdrew the letter later that month following Takayoshitoshi's misbehavior, in August the Association demanded that he disavow what he wrote as "totally false", but he refused.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He also announced that Takanohana stable will be dissolved with its wrestlers transferring to Chiganoura stable. He called his decision "agonizing and gut-wrenching" but said he could not "bend the truth and say that what was in my complaint was untrue."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> The JSA in response denied pressuring Takanohana to do this, or to align his stable with an ichimon, and spokesman Shibatayama said they had not yet accepted his resignation as Takanohana had not used the correct documents.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> They accepted Takanohana's retirement, and the closure of Takanohana stable, on October 1, 2018.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He received 10 million yen for retirement and bonuses, and has been allowed to use the name "Takanohana" outside of the sumo world.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In a press conference on May 19, 2019, Takanohana announced he would be establishing the Takanohana Dojo organization to promote sumo worldwide. He also ruled out any suggestion that he would enter Japanese politics.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Relationship with family
The Hanada family had generally received very positive press coverage while Takanohana and Wakanohana were active wrestlers, with the press holding them up as the ideal Japanese family and tending to ignore any splits between them.<ref name="brasor">Template:Cite web</ref> Their different attitudes towards both sumo philosophy and the outside world had been noted, with Takanohana being regarded as somewhat aloof and reserved and Wakanohana having a warmer personality.<ref name="brasor"/><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, upon their father's death from cancer on May 30, 2005, a bitter rift between the brothers was widely reported in the Japanese media.<ref name="brasor"/><ref name="brotherly">Template:Cite web</ref> Takanohana felt he should be the chief mourner at the funeral as he had remained in the Sumo Association whilst his brother had left to become a TV celebrity, but the role went to Wakanohana as the elder brother, as is traditional.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> However, with their father reported to have left no will, it was suggested that the feud revolved around control of his estate.<ref>Template:Cite newsTemplate:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref>
Takanohana also condemned his mother for her extramarital affair, which led to her divorce from his father and exit from the stable in July 2001, and had only been rumored up to that point.<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref> She has now reverted to her old name of Noriko Fujita and published a book and appeared on TV, revealing details of life as a stablemaster's wife that are seldom heard outside the sumo world.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Takanohana has rarely spoken to her since.<ref>Template:Cite webTemplate:Dead link</ref> In June 2008 he spoke of his distress at the news that she had been named as a defence witness in a civil lawsuit brought by the Sumo Association against the tabloid magazine Shūkan Gendai over allegations that his father benefited from a thrown match for the championship in 1975, saying, "she will essentially be fighting against me."<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He said he would take responsibility by resigning from the Sumo Association if she took the stand. In a radio interview Fujita said she would not testify, saying, "I will not drag my child down".
Marriage
In late 1992 Takanohana announced his engagement to actress Rie Miyazawa, news which sparked a similar amount of coverage to the Japanese royal wedding held that year.<ref name="watts"/> However the engagement was broken off the following year, reportedly because Miyazawa was seen by Takanohana's parents and the Sumo Association as being unwilling to sacrifice her career to become a regular stable wife.<ref name="watts"/> The role of the wife of a head coach in looking after the stable's recruits and liaising with supporter's groups is regarded as a full-time job.<ref name="Schilling"/> In May 1995 Takanohana married television announcer Keiko Kono, eight years older than him.<ref name="brasor"/> They have a son and two daughters.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> His son Yuuichi is a shoemaker and radio personality who is married to the daughter of former sumo wrestler Fujinoshin.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref> It was reported in November 2018 that Takanohana and Kono had divorced.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
In September 2023, Takanohana's management office confirmed that he had married another woman in August 2023; the new spouse's identity was not disclosed.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Career record
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See also
- List of yokozuna
- List of sumo tournament top division champions
- List of sumo tournament top division runners-up
- List of sumo record holders
- Glossary of sumo terms
- List of past sumo wrestlers
References
External links
Template:Yokozuna box Template:Good article Template:Japan Professional Sports Grand Prize Template:Authority control