Tosashimizu, Kōchi

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Template:Infobox settlement

Tosashimizu City Hall
Aerial view of central Tosashimizu City

Template:Nihongo is a city located in the southwest of Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. Template:As of, the city had an estimated population of 12,407 in 7,004 households, and a population density of 47 persons per km2.<ref name="Tosashimizu-hp">Template:Cite web</ref> The total area of the city is Template:Convert.

Geography

Tosashimizu is located in far western Kochi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. Parts of the city are within the borders of the Ashizuri-Uwakai National Park.

Neighbouring municipalities

Kōchi Prefecture

Climate

Tosashimizu has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot, humid summers and cool winters. There is significant precipitation throughout the year, especially during June and July. The average annual temperature in Tosashimizu is Template:Convert. The average annual rainfall is Template:Cvt with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around Template:Convert, and lowest in January, at around Template:Convert.<ref name=normals/> The highest temperature ever recorded in Tosashimizu was Template:Cvt on 30 July 1942; the coldest temperature ever recorded was Template:Cvt on 26 February 1981.<ref name=extremes/>

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Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Tosashimizu in 2020 is 12,388 people.<ref name=zensus/> Tosashimizu has been conducting censuses since 1920. Of the 11 cities in Kochi Prefecture, Tosashimizu has the second-lowest population as of March 31, 2015.<ref name = "planning">Template:Cite web</ref> Template:Historical populations

History

As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Tosashimizu was part of ancient Tosa Province. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. Following the Meiji restoration, the village of Shimatsu (清松村) within Hata District, Kōchi was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. It changed its name to Shimizu and was elevated to town status in 1924. On August 1, 1954, Shimizu merged with the neighboring towns of Shimokawaguchi, Misaki and Shimokae to form the city of Tosashimizu.

Government

Tosashimizu has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 12 members. Tosashimizu contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Kōchi 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Tosashimizu is the only city on Shikoku island that hosts a Japan Air Self-Defense Force (ASDF) base.

Economy

The largest industry is fishing, especially deep-sea fishing. Sōdabushi, locally called mejikabushi, is one of the main seafood produce in the area with a market share of approximately 70%. It uses sōdagatsuo (frigate mackerel) and is manufactured using a similar process to katsuobushi.<ref name = "Sababushi">Template:Cite web</ref> The local fishermen's union registered their catch of blue mackerel Scomber australasicus as "Tosano shimizusaba", or blue mackerel of Shimizu, TosaTemplate:Clarify.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan has a branch in Tosashimizu, and Osaka Aquarium Biological Research Institute of Iburi Center (OBIC) provides one third of those marine animals displayed at the aquarium in Osaka. The center conducts scientific studies at its facility including a 1,600 ton tank.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Education

Tosashimizu has six public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by the city government, and one public high school operated by the Kōchi Prefectural Board of Education.

Transportation

Railway

Tosashimizu has no passenger railway services. The nearest train station is Nakamura Station, the terminus of the Tosa Kuroshio Railway Nakamura Line, located in Shimanto city. A bus service connects Tosashimizu with Nakamura Station, taking approximately 60 minutes.

Highway

Sister cities

Local attractions

Cape Ashizuri

The 70 km coastline stretching from the northeast to southwest boundaries of Tosashimizu attracts over 800,000 tourists to Tosashimizu each year.<ref name = "Fishery">Template:Cite web</ref> Ashizuri-Uwakai National Park includes Ashizuri, the largest peninsula in the area. Tosashimizu is the nearest city to Ashizuri peninsula which is protruding into the Pacific Ocean.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Cape Ashizuri is 80 meters above sea level at the southeastern end on the peninsula. The peninsula is covered by subtropical plants including camellia, holm oak, and colony of Livistona Livistona chinensis,<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> and the sea is a prime fishing ground for katsuo fish, or skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis. While there are small islands to the south of it, the cape is recognized as the southernmost location on Shikoku island at Template:Coord.

Tatsukushi geologic strata with layers of sandstone and mudstone form joints and layers. A gate-like rock on the coast, Hakusandōmon is on the west side of the cape. Tōjindaba Site is a prehistoric megalithic site with stone circle, located on the west hill on Cape Ashizuri.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Tatsukushi
    Tatsukushi
  • Hakusandōmon
    Hakusandōmon

Birthplace of Nakahama Manjirō

On the western shore of Ashizuri peninsula, lies the village of Nakanohama within Tosashimizu, where Nakahama Manjirō was born and became one of the first Japanese to travel to the United States. Manjirō, a young fisherman, was shipwrecked off the coast of Japan in 1841 and rescued by whaling captain William H. Whitfield of Fairhaven, Massachusetts.<ref name = "w-m">Template:Cite web</ref> Whitfield brought the young Manjirō back to Fairhaven and New Bedford at the end of the whaling voyage, and Manjirō spent several years there before eventually making his way back to Japan. Because of this history, Tosashimizu became the sister city of both Fairhaven and New Bedford in 1987.<ref name = "w-m"/> He became popular as John Manjirō after Ibuse Masuji depicted him in his novel John Manjiro. The Castaway: His Life and His Adventures.<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>

Wildlife tours

There are several wildlife tours popular on Ashizuri peninsula; wildlife swims are organized in the town of Iburi on the foot of Ashizuri peninsula.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Whale shark swim

Whale sharks migrate off the Ashizuri Peninsula between June and September, and some are kept captive in a cage 300 m offshore.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Ocean sunfish swim

Between April and the end of July each year, ocean sunfish are kept in a net cage 10 m by 10 m and 5 m deep. When the water temperature rises, they release the fish into the wild.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

Whale watching

Whale watching is also offered on the east side of the peninsula, based at Kubotsu town to the middle and Shimonokae to the north.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

The Shikoku Pilgrimage

The Shikoku Pilgrimage passes through the city, and the longest stretch of 80.7 km on the route is between the 37th temple (Template:Nihongo)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> in Shimanto and the 38th temple (Template:Nihongo)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> on Cape Ashizuri. Descending from Template:Nihongo toward Tosashimizu, there is Template:Nihongo, a small wayside hermitage 28 km from Kongōfuku-ji. It was designated to provide a free lodging for pilgrims on that section, where people could also leave their luggage while visiting Kongōfuku-ji, come back to Shinnenan and continue on to the 39th Enkō-ji in Sukumo 50.8 km away.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

  • Kongofuku-ji
    Kongofuku-ji
  • Shinnenan hermitage
    Shinnenan hermitage

Roadside stations

Mejikano sato Tosashimizu roadside station is near scenic Tatsukushi along route 321. Mejika means sōdagatsuo (frigate mackerel) in the local dialect, and they manufacture and sell sōdabushi, the main sea food produce of the city, processed for demonstrationTemplate:Clarify at the factory at the back of the store for direct selling.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Farm produce is also sold at this roadside station.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>

References

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Template:Authority control Template:Kōchi Prefecture

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