Wanzhou, Chongqing

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Wanzhou District (Template:Lang-zh) is Chongqing's second most populated urban core area on the upper reaches of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in China. It is currently governed as a district of Chongqing Municipality, bordering Sichuan to the northwest and Hubei to the southeast. It was formerly known as Wanxian or Wan County (Template:Lang-zh). Prior to Chongqing's formation as a direct-controlled municipality, Wanzhou was part of Sichuan province. The urban core of Wanzhou is Template:Convert away from Chongqing's city proper.

The characters for "Wanzhou" mean "myriad-prefecture"; which is derived from the phrase "the place where myriad rivers converge and myriad traders gather" (Template:Lang). Due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, 47% of Wanzhou's old urban area was submerged and had to be relocated.

History

The district was part of Wanxian Prefecture (Template:Lang), then the prefectural Wanxian City (Template:Lang). It was renamed to Wanzhou in late 1990s.

It was part of Quren County of Ba Commandery (Template:Lang) in the Qin dynasty. It became Yangqu County (Template:Lang) in 216 (the Eastern Han dynasty). In 230 (the Shu-Han Kingdom), it was renamed to Nanpu (Template:Lang); in 553 (the Western Wei dynasty), to Yuquan (Template:Lang); in 557 (Northern Zhou dynasty), to Anxiang (Template:Lang); in 584, to Wanchuan (Template:Lang); and in 598 (Sui dynasty), to Nanpu again.

In 619 (Tang dynasty), Nanpu Commandery (Template:Lang) was established. In 625, the name was changed to Pu Prefecture (Template:Lang), and in 634, to Wan Prefecture (Template:Lang-zh). In 1373 (Yuan dynasty), Wan was demoted to a county (Template:Lang-zh).

In the 19th century, it was known in English as Wanhsien and Wan County. In 1935, it became Wanxian Prefecture (Template:Lang). On 12 December 1992, the State Council abolished Wanxian Prefecture and its subordinate Wanxian City and created the prefecture-level Wanxian City, which administered the districts of Longbao (Template:Lang), Tiancheng (Template:Lang), Wuqiao (Template:Lang) and the counties of Kai, Zhong, Liangping, Yunyang, Fengjie, Wushan, Wuxi, and Chengkou.

The entire Wanxian City was merged into Chongqing on 20 December 1997. The merge necessitated the abolishment of Wanxian City and creation of Wanxian District and Wanxian Migration Development Area (Template:Lang). Wanxian City's three districts were converted to administrative committees (Template:Lang, abbreviated Template:Lang) of Wanxian District. The migration development area included the counties formerly in Wanxian City, except Liangping and Chengkou, which were administered by Chongqing directly.

On 22 May 1998, the State Council approved that the two areas named Wanxian were both renamed to Wanzhou. The migration development area later dissolved and its counties were directly controlled by Chongqing. On 19 July 2000, the district's administrative committees were changed to migration development areas.

Sports

The 26,000-capacity Wanzhou Pailou Sports Stadium is located in Wanzhou. It is used mostly for association football and also sometimes for athletics. One stand is covered with a roof.

Geography and climate

Wanzhou spans 30°24′−31°14′ N latitude and 107°55′−108°53′ E longitude, and is situated at the eastern edge of the Sichuan Basin. It reaches a maximal north–south extent of Template:Convert and east–west width of Template:Convert, covering an area of Template:Convert. Elevations range from Template:Convert in the town of Tailong (Template:Lang) to Template:Convert at Shaping Peak (Template:Lang) of the Qiyao Mountains (Template:Lang).<ref>Template:Cite book Template:Full citation needed</ref> Bordering county-level divisions:

Similar to the city proper of Chongqing, Wanzhou has a monsoon-humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with short, mild winters, and very hot, humid summers, and is in fact on average Template:Convert warmer during the day. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from Template:Convert in January to Template:Convert in August, while the annual mean is Template:Convert.

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Subdivisions

The 4 primary subdivisions were 3 migration development areas (Longbao, Tiancheng, Wuqiao) and Jiangnan New District (Template:Lang). Now Wanzhou is subdivided into 92 township divisions are 16 sub-districts, 33 towns, and 43 townships (see Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Levels). In 2000, the district included 32 towns, 45 townships, 14 sub-districts, and 1277 neighborhood and village committees.

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010)<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	Area (km²)
Gaosuntang Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	103,982	3
Taibai Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	108,387	13.1
Pailou Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	104,351	9.8
Shuanghekou Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	33,715	23
Longdu Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	36,134	24
Zhoujiaba Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	88,494	12
Shahe Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	24,915	11.2
Zhonggulou Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	85,873	38.7
Bai'anba Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	91,947	15.8
Wuqiao Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	20,672	25.7
Chenjiaba Subdistrict	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	24,745	34.75
Xiaozhou town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	9,136	49
Dazhou town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	12,184	64
Xinxiang town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	6,683	140.2
Sunjia town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	9,737	46.6
Gaofeng town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	19,550	46.2
Longsha town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	28,127	25
Xiangshui town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	16,889	59.5
Wuling town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	24,632	34.4
Rangdu town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration<ref>Template:Cite book</ref>	11,613	30.7
Ganning town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	30,873	104.8
Tiancheng town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	41,762	52.4
Xiongjia town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	33,176	82.5
Gaoliang town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	49,357	37.7
Lihe town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	23,264	38.7
Fenshui town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	60,308	220.96
Yujia town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	30,454	78.2
Houshan town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	15,338	78.86
Danzi town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	18,318	54.6
Changling town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	34,962	53.2
Xintian town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	34,145	104.4
Baiyang town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	38,078	34.4
Longju town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	31,982	241.5
Zouma town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	26,017	76.5
Luotian town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	27,669	81.7
Tailong town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	14,148	63
Changtan town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	17,904	101.3
Tai'an town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	19,583	47.2
Baitu town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	16,790	54.6
Guocun town	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	21,326	24.4
Zhushan Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	16,331	53.9
Tiefeng Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	7,934	50
Xikou Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	5,695	39.2
Changping Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	8,580	44.3
Yanshan Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	9,845	56.4
Lishu Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	6,116	51.02
Puzi Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	8,295	85.7
Huangbo Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	10,949	31
Jiuchi Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	17,705	21.5
Cizhu Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	5,272	37.8
Debao Tujia Ethnic Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	5,502	44.4
Henghe Tujia Ethnic Township	Template:Lang	Template:Transliteration	13,606	81.9

Colleges and universities

Chongqing Three Gorges University (Template:Lang)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College (Template:Lang)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Chongqing Three Gorges Polytechnic College (Template:Lang)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Chongqing Information Technology College (Template:Lang)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Chongqing Preschool Education College (Template:Lang)<ref>[1]. Template:Lang</ref>
Chongqing Vocational Institute of Safety & Technology (Template:Lang)<ref>Template:Cite web</ref>
Chongqing Science And Technology Career Academy (Template:Lang)

Transport

Wanzhou has three Yangtze River crossings. It has two railway stations: Wanzhou North offers high-speed service and Wanzhou offers infrequent conventional services.