View source for Öregrund

{{more citations needed|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Öregrund
| image_skyline      = Öregrund from the Gräsö ferry.jpg
| image_caption      = Öregrund seen from a boat moving between [[Gräsö]] and Öregrund
| pushpin_map        = Sweden Uppsala#Sweden
| pushpin_label_position = 
| subdivision_type   = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name   = [[Sweden]]
| subdivision_type3  = [[Municipalities of Sweden|Municipality]]
| subdivision_name3  = [[Östhammar Municipality]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[Counties of Sweden|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Uppsala County]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[Provinces of Sweden|Province]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Uppland]]
| area_footnotes     = <ref name=scb>{{cite web |url=http://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0810/2010A01/Tatorternami0810tab1_4.xls |title=Tätorternas landareal, folkmängd och invånare per km<sup>2</sup> 2005 och 2010 |date=14 December 2011 |publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] |language=Swedish |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120127055525/http://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0810/2010A01/Tatorternami0810tab1_4.xls |archivedate=27 January 2012 |url-status=live |accessdate=10 January 2012 }}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 2.44
| population_as_of   = 31 December 2020
| population_footnotes = <ref name="scb_urban_area_population_area_population_density">{{cite web | title=Statistiska tätorter 2020, befolkning, landareal, befolkningstäthet| publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] | url=https://www.scb.se/MI0810 |date=31 December 2020 | access-date=3 June 2024}}</ref>
| population_total   = 1,597 <!-- This is the official figure from Statistics Sweden (Statistiska centralbyrån). -->
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone           = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset         = +1
| timezone_DST       = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST     = +2
| coordinates        = {{coord|60|20|N|18|26|E|region:SE|display=inline,title}}
| website            = 
}}
'''Öregrund''' is a [[Urban areas in Sweden|locality]] situated in [[Östhammar Municipality]], [[Uppsala County]], [[Sweden]]. As of 2010, it had 1,555 inhabitants.<ref name=scb /> It is located by the [[Baltic Sea]], on the coast of [[Uppland]]. Despite its small population, Öregrund is still commonly referred to as a [[Stad (Sweden)|''city'']] for historical reasons.

== History ==
[[File:Suecia 1-066 ; Öregrund.png|thumb|left|250px|Öregrund circa 1700, in [[Suecia antiqua et hodierna]]]]

The town was granted a [[royal charter]] in 1491, by request from citizens from the nearby city of [[Östhammar]]. Östhammar had once been a coastal town, but due to [[post-glacial rebound]] its harbour had become useless. The royal council granted the request to construct a city at the end of the [[archipelago]] where the sea opened. It further proclaimed "the city shall forever be known as Öregrund". The small but expanding city soon became a point of conflict. In 1520 [[Christian II of Denmark]] conquered [[Stockholm]]. A young [[Gustav Vasa|Gustav Eriksson]] tried to gather an army, and Öregrund became the port whereto ships with men and weapons were transported. As a countermeasure, the Danish King had the city burnt in the winter of 1520. And so, the citizens of Öregrund had to move back to Östhammar.

Not until 1555, when Gustav Eriksson had become King [[Gustav I of Sweden]] (Vasa) and stabilized the nation, were the citizens granted permission to reconstruct the city.

[[Uppland]] underwent an [[Industrial Revolution]] in the 17th century, with the [[Swedish iron industry]] becoming the foundation of [[Rise of Sweden as a Great Power|Sweden's status as a Great Power]]. [[Bar iron]] was exported through Öregrund. In England the best quality [[wrought iron]] was known as '''[[Oregrounds iron]]'''.

Fishing was basically the only industry through the centuries. The [[industrialization]] of the 19th century never took hold in Öregrund, establishing itself in nearby Östhammar instead.

In the late 19th century a new industry prospered: the [[day spa|spa]]s. People from outside built summer houses and made Öregrund their summer residence. During this era, several fine villas and gardens were built.

However, the summer residents led to decreased tax incomes for the economically troubled city. In 1968, Öregrund was merged with the then-city of Östhammar. Since the municipal reform of 1971, Öregrund is in [[Östhammar Municipality]].

In 2017 Öregrund was used as scenery for the Dutch television show {{lang|nl|[[Kroongetuige]]}} (''Crown Witness'').<ref>{{cite web |title=Crown Witness (Kroongetuige) |url=https://www.roslagen.se/en/visitroslagen/kronvittnet-kroongetuige/ |website=Roslagen – the official visitor's guide |accessdate=2018-08-22}}</ref>

== Modern times ==
The hub of Öregrund is still the harbour. In modern times it is mainly used for small boats. In the summer it
flourishes due to small sailboats and other pleasure boats. Boats also arrive from Stockholm, taking a trip from the [[Stockholm Archipelago]].
{{Wide image|Oregrund (92918)p.jpg|500px|3=<div align=center>View of the Öregrund marina, looking north out to the Bothnian Sea in 2019. The marina is near town center, with restaurants on either side and the Vastra Banken lightship, a local landmark, to the right.</div>}}

== Sights  ==
Öregrund is one of Uppland's best kept wooden cities and attracts many visitors. Apart from the wooden houses, there is also a noteworthy stone church in the town center, and a town hall from the mid 19th century.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* {{in lang|sv}} [http://www.alltomoregrund.se''Allt om Öregrund''] (in Swedish)
* {{in lang|sv}} [https://runeberg.org/nfcn/0090.html article ''Öregrund''] from [[Nordisk familjebok]] (1922)
* {{in lang|sv}} [http://home.swipnet.se/~w-86149/hist.htm Öregrund historia] private webpage / Stig Sandelin (Summary in English: [http://home.swipnet.se/~w-86149/summary.htm])

{{Localities in Östhammar Municipality}}

{{authority control}}

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[[Category:Populated places in Uppsala County]]
[[Category:Populated places in Östhammar Municipality]]
[[Category:Coastal cities and towns in Sweden]]