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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}}
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[[File:Empress Zoe mosaic Hagia Sophia.jpg|upright=1.35|thumb|[[Christ Pantocrator]] flanked by Empress [[Zoë Porphyrogenita|Zoë]] and Emperor [[Constantine IX Monomachos|Constantine IX]] (left).]]
Year '''1042''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MXLII]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* [[April 19]] &ndash; Emperor [[Michael V Kalaphates]] banishes his adoptive mother and co-ruler [[Zoë Porphyrogenita|Zoë]], for plotting to poison him, to the island of [[Büyükada|Principo]]. His announcement as sole emperor leads to a popular revolt.
* [[April 20]] &ndash; Zoë is proclaimed as empress at an assembly in [[Hagia Sophia]], along with her sister [[Theodora Porphyrogenita (11th century)|Theodora]], as co-ruler. Michael V flees to the [[monastery of Stoudios]], but is arrested, blinded and castrated.
* Zoë recalls [[Synodianos]], governor of the [[Catepanate of Italy]], and replaces him with [[George Maniakes]] (the disgraced head of the [[Norman conquest of southern Italy|Sicilian campaign]]). All of [[Apulia]] is in the hands of the Lombard rebels.
* [[June 11]] &ndash; Zoë marries her third husband, a Byzantine bureaucrat who ascends as co-emperor [[Constantine IX]] at [[Constantinople]]. Theodora agrees to surrender her co-emperorship.
* Summer &ndash; George Maniakes goes on a march through Apulia, plundering the towns that have declared for the Lombard rebels. Constantine IX recalls Maniakes to Constantinople.
* George Maniakes revolts against Constantine IX and is declared emperor by his troops. He captures [[Pardos (catepan)|Pardos]] who has landed with an army at [[Otranto]] to take over his command.
* [[Arab–Byzantine wars|Byzantine–Arab War]]: The Byzantines reconquer the fortress city of [[Edessa]] (modern [[Turkey]]), returning it to Christian hands, after 400 years of Islamic rule (approximate date). 
* [[Duklja]] secures its independence from the Byzantine Empire.

==== Europe ====
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Abu al-Qasim Muhammad ibn Abbad|Abbad I]] dies after a 19-year reign as independent ruler of the [[Taifa of Seville]] in [[Al-Andalus]] (modern [[Spain]]). He is succeeded by his son [[Abbad II al-Mu'tadid|Abbad II]] (until [[1069]]).
* [[Casimir I the Restorer|Casimir I]], duke of [[Greater Poland|Poland]], succeeds in reuniting the realm which earns him the name "the Restorer". He signs a treaty with [[Bretislav I]], duke of [[Duchy of Bohemia|Bohemia]], at [[Regensburg]].<ref>Richard Brzezinski (1998). ''History of Poland: Old Poland – The Piast Dynasty'', p. 18. {{ISBN|83-7212-019-6}}.</ref>
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Magnus the Good]] becomes king of [[Denmark]] after the death of Harthacnut. Despite a claim to the throne by [[Sweyn II of Denmark|Sweyn II]], Magnus takes control of Denmark.
* Autumn &ndash; Norman mercenaries assemble at [[Matera]] and decide to elect [[William Iron Arm]] as count of [[Melfi]] and leader of the Normans in [[Southern Italy]]. 
* [[Harald Hardrada]], leader of the [[Varangian Guard]] in the [[Byzantine Empire]], returns to [[Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)|Norway]], possibly because of his involvement in Maniakes' revolt.
* [[Finnish–Novgorodian wars|Finnish–Novgorodian War]]: Grand Prince [[Vladimir of Novgorod|Vladimir Yaroslavich]] wages a campaign against the [[Tavastians]] (''yem'').<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://faculty.washington.edu/dwaugh/rus/texts/MF1914.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://faculty.washington.edu/dwaugh/rus/texts/MF1914.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=The Chronicle of Novgorod|date=1914|publisher=London Offices of the Society}}</ref>

==== England ====
* June 8 &ndash; King [[Harthacnut]] collapses and dies while attending a party. His half-brother [[Edward the Confessor]] becomes king of [[Kingdom of England|England]].

==== Islamic world ====
* The [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravids]], led by [[Abdallah ibn Yasin]], invade [[Morocco]] (approximate date).
</onlyinclude>

== Births ==
* [[Bolesław II the Generous]], king of [[Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)|Poland]] (approximate date)
* [[Canute IV of Denmark|Canute IV]] ("the Holy"), king of [[Denmark]] (approximate date)
* [[Fujiwara no Morozane]], Japanese [[Nobility|nobleman]] and [[regent]] (d. [[1101]])
* [[Gissur Ísleifsson]], Icelandic clergyman and bishop (d. [[1118]])
* [[Johannes of Jerusalem]], French monk and [[abbot]] (d. [[1119]])
* [[Louis the Springer]], German nobleman (d. [[1123]])
* [[Minamoto no Yoshitsuna]], Japanese [[samurai]] (d. [[1134]])
* [[Sancho Ramírez|Sancho V]], king of [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]] and [[Kingdom of Navarre|Pamplona]] (d. [[1094]])

== Deaths ==
* [[January 25]] &ndash; [[Abu al-Qasim Muhammad ibn Abbad|Abbad I]], founder of the [[Abbadid dynasty|Abbadid Dynasty]] (b. [[984]])
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Harthacnut]], king of Denmark and [[Kingdom of England|England]]
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Michael V Kalaphates]], Byzantine emperor
* [[Anushtakin al-Dizbari]], Fatimid governor of [[Aleppo]]
* [[Pardos (catepan)|Pardos]], Byzantine governor (''[[Katepano|catepan]]'') of [[Catepanate of Italy|Italy]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

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