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{{About year|1310}}
{{Year nav|1310}}
[[File:Francesco Hayez 010.jpg|200px|right|thumb|The [[Council of Ten]] (or simply "the Ten"), by [[Francesco Hayez]] (1867)]]
{{C14 year in topic}} 
Year '''1310''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCCCX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Thursday]] of the [[Julian calendar]].

== Events ==
===January &ndash; March===
* [[January 19]] &ndash; General [[Malik Kafur]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] begins the [[siege of Warangal (1310)|siege of Warangal]], capital of the [[Kakatiya]] kingdom in what is now the Indian state of [[Telangana]].
* [[January 26]] &ndash;  James II of Aragon ends the [[Siege of Almería (1309)|siege of Almeria]] after five months without taking the city.
* [[February 8]] &ndash; The [[List of parliaments of England|English Parliament]] opens at [[Westminster]], after being summoned on October 26. The Parliament will continue to meet until April 12.<ref>R.M.Haines, ''King Edward II: His Reign, His Life, and his Aftermath, 1284-1330'' (McGill University Press, 2003), p.75</ref>
* [[February 9]] &ndash; At [[Dublin]], acting in his capacity as [[Monarchy of Ireland#Lords of Ireland, 1177–1542|Lord of Ireland]], King [[Edward II of England]] (as Éadbhard II Shasana, ''Tiarna Éireann'') opens the first session of the [[Parliament of Ireland]] during his administration. The Irish Parliament will hold 14 sessions before being dismissed in [[1326]].
* [[February 24]] &ndash; A group of 12 Scottish Catholic bishops, including [[William Sinclair (bishop)|William Sinclair]], [[Bishop of Dunkeld]], swear fealty to [[Robert the Bruce]], King of Scotland.
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Konrad I of Oleśnica]] and his brother [[Bolesław of Oleśnica|Boleslaw]], sons and heirs of [[Henry III, Duke of Głogów]] renounce their rights to [[Gdańsk Pomerania]] (now part of Poland) in return for payment by the principality of [[Margraviate of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]], ruled by the [[Margrave]] [[Henry I, Margrave of Brandenburg|Heinrich I]].
* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Baybars II]], Sultan of the Mamluks in Egypt, is driven from office by an angry mob consisting of supporters of his predecessor, [[An-Nasir Muhammad]]. Baybars is located and turned over to Sultan Nasir.
* [[March 20]] &ndash; Having secured the surrender of King [[Prataparudra]] of [[Kakatiya]] during the [[siege of Warangal (1310)|siege of Warangal]], General [[Malik Kafur]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]] begins his return journey to [[Delhi]].<ref>"The Khaljis: Alauddin Khalji", by Banarsi Prasad Saksena, in ''A Comprehensive History of India'' (volume 5): ''The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526)''; (People's Publishing House, 1992) p.410</ref> He will arrive on June 23.

===April &ndash; June===
* [[April 8]] &ndash; The return of the Kingdom of Hungary's [[Holy Crown of Hungary|Crown of Saint Stephen]] is successfully negotiated at [[Szeged]] by [[Thomas II (archbishop of Esztergom)|Thomas II, Archbishop of Esztergom]], along with [[Amadeus Aba]] and [[Dominic II Rátót]] to secure its return from [[Ladislaus III Kán]], the [[Voivode of Transylvania]].<ref name="The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526">Pál Engel, ''The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526'' (I.B. Tauris Publishers, 2001) p. 130</ref>
* [[April 13]] &ndash; In Burma, [[Athinkhaya]], one of the three brothers serving as [[regent]]s of the [[Kingdom of Myinsaing]] in present-day central Burma (Myanmar), dies at the age of 49, leaving his brothers [[Thihathu]] and [[Yazathingyan]] in control. Thihathu will soon be the sole ruler of Burma.
* [[April 15]] &ndash; Sultan An-Nasir Muhammad of Egypt has his predecessor, the former Sultan [[Baybars II]], executed.
* [[May 9]] &ndash; [[Nephon I of Constantinople]] becomes the new Patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church in [[Byzantium]], now at Turkey. He is elected after his predecessor, the 80-year-old [[Athanasius I of Constantinople|Athanasius I]], is forced to retire.
* [[May 12]] &ndash; In [[France in the Middle Ages|France]], 54 members of the [[Knights Templar]] are burned at the stake for [[heresy]] at [[Paris]], on orders of King [[Philip IV of France]] (Philip the Fair). Pope [[Pope Clement V|Clement V]] attempts to take control of the situation by issuing a papal bull, to assert the Church's authority over the matter and demands Philip turn over the Templars and their property to ecclesiastical officials, who will then try the Templars for charges themselves.<ref>Martin, Sean (2005). ''The Knights Templar: The History & Myths of the Legendary Military Order'', p. 122. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press. {{ISBN|978-1-56025-645-8}}.</ref> (→ [[Trials of the Knights Templar]])
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Otto III, Duke of Carinthia]], dies and is succeeded by his younger brother, [[Henry of Bohemia|King Henry of Bohemia]], Margrave of [[Moravia]] and the nominal [[King of Poland]].
* [[May 26]] &ndash; [[Siege of Algeciras (1309)|Siege of Algeciras]]: Castilian forces abandon the siege as King [[Ferdinand IV of Castile]] ("Ferdinand the Summoned") sign a seven-year peace treaty with [[Nasr of Granada|Abu al-Juyush Nasr, Sultan of Granada]]. Nasr agrees to pay an indemnity of 150,000 gold [[dobla]]s and an annual tribute of 11,000 doblas to [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]]. He yields some frontier towns, including [[Quesada, Spain|Quesada]] and [[Bedmar y Garcíez|Bedmar]]. In accordance with the terms, Nasr becomes a vassal of Castile and provides up to 3 months of military service per year if summoned. Markets will be opened between Castile and Granada – Ferdinand appoints a "judge of the frontiers" (''juez de la frontera'') to adjudicate disputes between Christians and Muslims in the border regions.<ref>Joseph F. Callaghan (2011). ''The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait'', p. 133. University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8122-2302-6}}.</ref>
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Tiepolo conspiracy]]: Leading Venetian nobles led by [[Bajamonte Tiepolo]] organise a conspiracy against Doge [[Pietro Gradenigo]]. Their plot fails due to treachery and the rebels are defeated near [[Piazza San Marco]] by forces faithful to the doge. During their retreat to the [[San Polo]] sestiere, the [[Rialto Bridge]] is burnt down. Later, Tiepolo surrenders himself and is exiled to [[Istria]]. The suppression of the revolt will lead to the creation of the [[Council of Ten]].<ref>{{cite book | last = Romano | first = Dennis | title = Venice: The Remarkable History of the Lagoon City | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 2024 | isbn = 978-0-19085998-5 | url = {{Google Books|R8ThEAAAQBAJ|plainurl=yes}} | pages = 182–187}}</ref> 
* [[June 23]] &ndash; General [[Malik Kafur]] arrives at [[Delhi]] and presents to Sultan Alauddin the treasures captured from Warrangal.<ref name=Kishori>Kishori Saran Lal, ''History of the Khaljis (1290-1320)'' (The Indian Press, 1950) p.200</ref>

===July &ndash; September===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; The [[Citadel of Erbil]], headquarters of a rebellion by 10,000 [[Eastern Christian]]s and located in what is now [[Iraq]], is captured after a siege by the Mongol [[Ilkhanate]], and the defenders are massacred.<ref>René Grousset, ''The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia'' (Rutgers University Press, 1310) p. 157</ref>
* [[July 10]] &ndash; The [[Council of Ten]] (or simply "the Ten"), ''Il Consiglio dei Dieci'' is created to govern the [[Republic of Venice]], by decree of [[Pietro Gradenigo]], Doge of Venice. The council, the inner circle of oligarchical [[Venetian nobility|patricians]], initially investigates the conspiracy of Bajamonte Tiepolo.<ref>Paolo Preto, '' I servizi segreti di Venezia:  Spionaggio e controspionaggio ai tempi della Serenissima'' ("The secret services of Venice: Espionage and counter-espionage in the time of the Serenissima") (il Saggiatore Tascabili, 2010) p. 51</ref>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; The third coronation of [[Charles I of Hungary|Károly Róbert I]] (Charles I) as [[King of Hungary]] is carried out at [[Székesfehérvár]] by [[Thomas II (archbishop of Esztergom)|Thomas II, Archbishop of Esztergom]] after the Archbishop successfully negotiates the return of the [[Holy Crown of Hungary|Crown of Saint Stephen]] from Ladislaus Kán.<ref name="The Realm of St Stephen: A History of Medieval Hungary, 895–1526" /> Use of the Holy Crown had been required by Hungarian law for recognition by the nobles of Hungary.
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[John of Bohemia|John of Luxemburg]], younger brother of King Henry of Bohemia, marries [[Elizabeth of Bohemia (1292–1330)|Princess Elizabeth]], the daughter of the late [[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia|King Wenceslaus II]].
* [[September 20]] &ndash; King [[Edward II of England]] reaches [[Roxburgh]] after starting his invasion of the [[Kingdom of Scotland]] "in the third week of September".<ref>Evan Macleod Barron, ''The Scottish War of Independence: A Critical Study'' (James Nisbet & Co., 1914) p. 380</ref> The campaign is fruitless, even though English forces under [[Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall|Piers Gaveston]] manage to reach as far north as [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]].

===October &ndash; December===
* [[October 1]] &ndash; Writing from [[Kildrum]], King [[Robert the Bruce]] of Scotland attempts to establish peace talks with King [[Edward II of England]] (who is encamped in Scotland at [[Biggar, South Lanarkshire|Biggar]]) but Edward refuses to negotiate. 
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Abu Sa'id Uthman II]] becomes the new [[Sultan of Morocco]] upon the death of his nephew, the Sultan [[Abu al-Rabi Sulayman]]. 
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Prague]], capital of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]], is captured and [[Henry of Bohemia|King Henry of Bohemia]] is deposed by his brother, [[John of Bohemia|John of Luxemburg]], who will later be known as "John the Blind". 
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria]], one of the three brothers ruling the southern German duchy within the Roman Empire, dies, leaving his older brothers [[Otto III, Duke of Bavaria|Otto III]] and [[Louis III, Duke of Bavaria|Louis III]] as the dual rulers.
* [[December 11]] &ndash; In Poland, [[Henry IV the Faithful|Henry the Faithful]] becomes the new duke of Silesia and of much of [[Greater Poland|Wielkopolska]] ("Greater Poland", now part of northwestern Poland as Henry IV, upon the death of his father, [[Henry III, Duke of Głogów]]. Wielkopolska is divided between Henry III's sons, Henry IV, [[Konrad I of Oleśnica]], [[Bolesław of Oleśnica]], [[John, Duke of Ścinawa]] and [[Przemko II of Głogów|Przemko II]], with the [[Duchy of Glogow]] given to his wife, [[Matilda of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]. Wielkopolska will be conquered in 1314.

=== By place ===

==== Europe ====
* Spring &ndash; Castilian forces abandon the [[siege of Algeciras (1309–1310)|siege of Algeciras]] after six months and begin negotiations with [[Emirate of Granada|Granada]]. Ferdinand and Sultan sign a peace treaty for seven years on [[May 26]]. 
* Summer &ndash; Count [[Charles, Count of Valois|Charles of Valois]] founds the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Corfu, Zakynthos, and Cephalonia|Diocese of Corfu, Zakynthos and Cephalonia]] with its seat in [[Corfu]]. It is, comprising the [[Ionian Islands]] of Corfu, [[Zakynthos]] and [[Cephalonia]].

==== Asia ====
* Spring &ndash; [[Siege of Warangal (1310)|Siege of Warangal]]: Delhi forces led by [[Malik Kafur]] conquer the fortress of [[Warangal]] after a month-long siege. [[Prataparudra|Rudradeva II]], Indian ruler of the [[Kakatiya dynasty|Kakatiya Dynasty]], negotiates a truce and surrenders a huge amount of wealth to send to the [[Delhi Sultanate]].<ref>Cynthia Talbot (2001). ''Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra'', p. 135. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-19-513661-6}}.</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Education ====
* The first purpose-built accommodation for students (the [[Mob Quad]]) is completed at [[Merton College, Oxford|Merton College]], [[Oxford]], [[Kingdom of England|England]].

== Births ==
* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Przecław of Pogorzela]], Polish bishop (d. [[1376]])
* [[April 30]] &ndash; [[Casimir III of Poland|Casimir III the Great]], king of [[Kingdom of Poland|Poland]] (d. [[1368]])
* [[November 29]] &ndash; [[John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray|John de Mowbray]], English [[Nobility|nobleman]] (d. [[1361]])
* [[November 30]] &ndash; [[Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen|Frederick II]], German nobleman (d. [[1349]])
* [[Berenguer de Cruïlles]], Spanish [[abbot]] and bishop (d. [[1362]])
* [[Dermot MacCarthy, 1st Lord of Muskerry|Dermot MacCarthy]], Irish nobleman and [[magnate]] (d. [[1367]])
* [[Gil Álvarez Carrillo de Albornoz]], Spanish cardinal (d. 1367)
* [[Guillaume Tirel]] (or "Taillevent"), French head chef (d. [[1395]])
* [[Jean de Beaumanoir]], Breton nobleman and knight (d. [[1366]])
* [[Margaret I, Countess of Burgundy|Margaret I]], French noblewoman ([[House of Capet]]) (d. [[1382]])
* [[Niccolò Acciaioli]], Italian nobleman and [[seneschal]] (d. [[1365]])
* [[Simon Langham]], English cardinal and archbishop (d. 1376)
* [[Pope Urban V|Urban V]], French pope of the [[Catholic Church]] (d. [[1370]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Blessed Urban V {{!}} pope |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Urban-V |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=31 March 2019 |language=en |archive-date=31 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331192841/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Blessed-Urban-V |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Deaths ==
* [[February 11]] &ndash; [[Marguerite d'Oingt]], French nun (b. [[1240]])
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[Peire Autier]], French religious leader (b. [[1245]])
* [[April 13]] &ndash; [[Athinkhaya]], Burmese ruler and [[regent]] (b. [[1261]])
* [[April 15]] &ndash; [[Baybars II]], Egyptian ruler and regent (b. [[1250]])
* [[April 26]] &ndash; [[Constance of Béarn|Constance of Montcada]], French noblewoman 
* [[May 20]] &ndash; [[John de Moels, 1st Baron Moels|John de Moels]], English nobleman and knight
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Saint Humility|Humilitas of Vallombrosa]], Italian nun (b. [[1226]])
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Otto III, Duke of Carinthia|Otto III]], Austrian nobleman ([[House of Gorizia]])
* [[June 1]] &ndash; [[Marguerite Porete]], French mystic and author<ref>{{cite book |last1=Babinsky|first1=Ellen L.|year=1993 |chapter=Introduction|title=The Mirror of Simple Souls |location=Mahwah |publisher=Paulist Press |page=30|isbn=0-8091-3427-6}}</ref>
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Amalric, Lord of Tyre|Amalric of Tyre]], Cypriot prince and statesman
* [[October 1]] &ndash; [[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon|Beatrice of Burgundy]], French noblewoman
* [[October 14]] &ndash; [[Blanche of Anjou]], consort of King [[James II of Aragon]]<ref>{{cite book|author=David Williamson|title=Debrett's Kings and Queens of Europe|publisher=Salem House|year=1988|ISBN=9780881623642|page=39}}</ref> 
* [[October 28]] &ndash; [[Athanasius I of Constantinople|Athanasius I]], Byzantine patriarch (b. [[1230]])
* [[November 23]] &ndash; [[Abu al-Rabi Sulayman]], Moroccan ruler 
* [[December 10]] &ndash; [[Stephen I, Duke of Bavaria|Stephen I]], German nobleman (b. [[1271]])
*''unknown dates''
** [[Abu al-Barakat al-Nasafi]], Syrian scholar and theologian
** [[Alexander of Argyll|Alexander MacDougall]], Scottish nobleman and magnate
** [[Constantine I, King of Armenia|Constantine I]], co-ruler of [[Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia|Cilician Armenia]] (b. 1278)
** [[Dai Biaoyuan]], Chinese [[Intellectual#"Man of letters|littérateur]], poet and writer (b. [[1244]])
** [[Diego López V de Haro]], Spanish nobleman and knight
** [[Eric Longlegs, Lord of Langeland|Erik Eriksøn]] ("Eric Longlegs"), Danish nobleman and co-ruler
** [[Gao Kegong]] (or "Fang Shan"), Chinese painter (b. [[1248]])
** [[Geoffrey I of Vianden|Geoffrey I]], Luxemburgian nobleman ([[Counts of Vianden|House of Vianden]])
** [[George Pachymeres]], Byzantine historian and theologian
** [[Henry II Kőszegi]], Hungarian nobleman and knight
** [[John de Soules (Guardian of Scotland)|John de Soules]], Scottish nobleman ([[de Soules|House of de Soules]])<ref>{{cite book|author=G W S Barrow|title=Robert Bruce|publisher=University of California Press|year=1965|page=497}}</ref>
** [[Robert fitzRoger (died 1310)|Robert FitzRoger]], English nobleman and knight (b. [[1247]])
** [[Tommaso degli Stefani]], Italian painter and artist (b. [[1231]])

== References ==
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