View source for 1887

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1887}}
{{Year nav|1887}}
{{C19 year in topic}}{{Year article header|1887}}
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== Events ==
===January===
* [[January 11]] &ndash; [[Louis Pasteur]]'s anti-[[rabies]] treatment is defended in the [[Académie Nationale de Médecine]], by Dr. Joseph Grancher.
* [[January 20]]
** The [[United States Senate]] allows the [[United States Navy]] to lease [[Pearl Harbor]] as a naval base.<ref>{{cite book|author=United States Naval Institute|title=Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AejNAAAAMAAJ|year=1930|publisher=The Institute|page=406}}</ref>
** British emigrant ship ''[[Kapunda (ship)|Kapunda]]'' sinks after a collision off the coast of Brazil, killing 303 with only 16 survivors.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Loss of the Kapunda: Details of the Disaster|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4659986/the_loss_of_the_kapunda_details_of_the/|accessdate=2016-03-18|work=[[Belfast Morning News]]|date=23 February 1887|page=5}}</ref>
* [[January 21]]
** The [[Amateur Athletic Union]] (AAU) is formed in the United States.
** [[Brisbane]] receives a one-day rainfall of {{convert|465|mm|in}} (a record for any Australian capital city).
* [[January 24]] &ndash; [[Battle of Dogali]]: [[Ethiopia|Abyssinian]] troops defeat the Italians.
* [[January 28]]
** In a snowstorm at [[Fort Keogh]], [[Montana]], the largest [[snowflake]]s on record are reported. They are {{convert|15|in|cm}} wide and {{convert|8|in|cm}} thick.
** Construction work begins on the foundations of the [[Eiffel Tower]] in Paris, France.<ref>{{cite book|author=Gaston Tissandier|title=The Eiffel Tower: A Description of the Monument, Its Construction, Its Machinery, Its Object, and Its Utility. With an Autographic Letter of M. Gustave Eiffel. Illustrated|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zfRBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA27|year=1889|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington|pages=27}}</ref>

===February===
* [[February 2]] &ndash; The first [[Groundhog Day]] is observed in [[Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Dana Facaros|author2=Michael Pauls|title=New York & the Mid-Atlantic States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pb4M4g9BnOUC|year=1982|publisher=Regnery Gateway|isbn=978-0-89526-856-3|page=171}}</ref>
* [[February 4]] &ndash; The [[Interstate Commerce Act of 1887]], passed by the [[49th United States Congress]], is signed into law by President [[Grover Cleveland]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Serial set (no.0-3099)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5IA3AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA47|year=1891|pages=47}}</ref>
* [[February 5]] &ndash; The [[Giuseppe Verdi]] opera ''[[Otello]]'' premieres at [[La Scala]], Milan.
* [[February 5]] &ndash; The [[1887 Hartford Railroad Disaster]] leaves thirty-seven dead in Vermont.
* [[February 8]] &ndash; The [[Dawes Act]], or the General Allotment Act, is enacted in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|author=Sister Mary Antonio Johnston|title=Federal Relations with the Great Sioux Indians of South Dakota,1887-1933, with Particular Reference to Land Policy Under the Dawes Act|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bg_VAAAAMAAJ|year=1948|publisher=Catholic University of America Press|page=41}}</ref>
* [[February 23]] &ndash; The [[French Riviera]] is hit by a large earthquake, killing around 2,000 along the coast of the Mediterranean.
* [[February 26]] &ndash; At the [[Sydney Cricket Ground]], [[George Lohmann]] becomes the first [[bowler (cricket)|bowler]] to take eight wickets, in a [[Test cricket|Test]] innings.

===March===
* [[March 3]] &ndash; [[Anne Sullivan]] begins teaching [[Helen Keller]].[[File:Helenkellerannesullivan1898.jpg|thumb|125px|right| [[March 3]]: [[Helen Keller]] and [[Anne Sullivan|Sullivan]].]]
* [[March 7]] &ndash; [[North Carolina State University]] is established, as North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Chester Greenwood]] patents [[earmuffs]] in the United States.

===April===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; The final of the first [[All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship|All-Ireland Hurling Championship]] is held.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Mike Cronin|author2=William Murphy|author3=Paul Rouse|title=The Gaelic Athletic Association, 1884-2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UNsnAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Irish Academic Press|isbn=978-0-7165-3028-2|page=266}}</ref>
* [[April 4]] &ndash; [[Argonia, Kansas]], elects [[Susanna M. Salter]] as the first female mayor in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lewis Ford|title=The Variety Book Containing Life Sketches and Reminiscences|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zk594-zLwkUC&pg=PA106|year=1892|publisher=Washington Press|pages=106}}</ref>
* [[April 10]] (Easter Sunday) &ndash; The [[Catholic University of America]] is founded in Washington, D.C.
* [[April 20]] &ndash; [[Occidental College]] is founded in [[Los Angeles, California]].
* [[April 20]]−[[April 30|30]] &ndash; [[Schnaebele incident]]: A French/German border incident nearly leads to war between the two countries.<ref>{{cite book|author=Charles Hitchcock Sherrill|title=Bismarck & Mussolini|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fadCAAAAIAAJ|year=1931|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|page=97-101}}</ref>

===May===
* [[May 3]] &ndash; An [[1887 Sonora earthquake|earthquake]] hits [[Sonora]], Mexico.
* [[May 5]] &ndash; [[Ricardo Palma]] founds the [[Peruvian Academy of Language]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://elcomercio.pe/luces/libros/5-mayo-paso-dia-hoy-194798-noticia/|title=5 de mayo: ¿Qué pasó un día como hoy?|newspaper=El Comercio|first=Carlos|last=Batalla|date=5 May 2016|access-date=15 June 2023|language=Spanish}}</ref>
* [[May 14]] &ndash; The cornerstone of the new [[Stanford University]], in northern [[California]], is laid (the college opens in [[1891]]).
* [[May 25]] &ndash; The [[Hells Canyon massacre]] begins: 34 Chinese gold miners are ambushed and murdered in [[Hells Canyon]], [[Oregon]], United States.<ref>{{cite book|title=Oregon Historical Quarterly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y7boPGAK4QAC|year=2006|publisher=Oregon Historical Society|page=326}}</ref>

===June===
* [[June 8]] &ndash; [[Herman Hollerith]] receives a U.S. [[patent]] for his [[punched card]] [[calculator]].
* [[June 18]] &ndash; The [[Reinsurance Treaty]] is closed between Germany and Russia.
* [[June 20]] &ndash; The [[British Empire]] celebrates [[Queen Victoria]]'s [[Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria|Golden Jubilee]], marking the 50th year of her reign.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page929.asp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20051101004551/http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/page929.asp|url-status=dead|title=Royal.gov.uk|archivedate=November 1, 2005}}</ref>
* [[June 21]] &ndash; [[Zulu Kingdom|Zululand]] becomes a British colony.
* [[June 23]] &ndash; The [[Rocky Mountains Park Act]] becomes law in Canada, creating that nation's first [[national park]], [[Banff National Park]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/cseh-twih/archives2_E.asp?id=25|title=Parks Canada - This Week in History|date=March 18, 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040318112228/http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/cseh-twih/archives2_E.asp?id=25|archive-date=March 18, 2004}}</ref>
[[File:Moraine Lake 17092005.jpg|thumb|110px|right| [[June 23]]: Banff National Park]]
* [[June 28]] &ndash; [[Minot, North Dakota]], is incorporated as a city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History {{!}} Minot, ND |url=https://www.minotnd.gov/338/History |access-date=2025-07-20 |website=www.minotnd.gov}}</ref>
* [[June 29]] &ndash; The [[United Retail Federation]] is established in [[Brisbane]], Australia.

===July===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; Construction of the iron structure of the [[Eiffel Tower]] starts in Paris, France.
* [[July 6]] &ndash; King [[Kalākaua]] of [[Kingdom of Hawaii|Hawai'i]] is forced by anti-monarchists to sign the '[[1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii|Bayonet Constitution]]', stripping the [[Hawaiian monarchy]] of much of its authority, as well as [[Disenfranchisement|disenfranchising]] most [[native Hawaiians]], all [[Asians in Hawaii|Asians]] and the poor.
** [[Berthe bombing]], targetting a Parisian landowner in conflict with several Italian [[Anarchism|anarchists]]. Nobody was sentenced but [[Vittorio Pini]] and [[Paolo Chiericotti]] were heavily suspected by French authorities.
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Odense Boldklub]], the Danish football team, is founded as the Odense Cricket Club.
* [[July 19]] &ndash; [[Dorr Eugene Felt]] receives the first U.S. patent for his [[comptometer]].<ref>[https://patents.google.com/patent/US366945 U.S. Patent No. 366,945], filed July 6, 1886; second patent granted October 11, 1887: [https://patents.google.com/patent/US371496 U.S. Patent No. 371,496], filed March 12, 1887.</ref>
* [[July 21]] &ndash; Ten Italian workers are killed and six are injured by a train in New Jersey.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 22, 1887 |title=Ten Men Cut To Pieces - A Train Runs Over A Gang Of Italians |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1887/07/22/issue.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |pages=5}}</ref>
* [[July 26]]
** [[L. L. Zamenhof]] publishes "''[[Unua Libro]]''" (''Dr. Esperanto's International Language''), the first description of [[Esperanto]], the [[Constructed language|constructed]] [[international auxiliary language]].
** [[Blackpool F.C.]] is created in England, U.K.
* [[July]] &ndash; [[James Blyth (engineer)|James Blyth]] operates the first working [[wind turbine]] at [[Marykirk]], Scotland.<ref>{{cite ODNB|last=Price|first=Trevor J.|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/100957|title=Blyth, James (1839–1906)|edition=Online|year=2004|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/100957|access-date=2014-04-16}} </ref>

===August===
* [[August 13]] &ndash; [[Hibernian F.C.]] of Scotland defeats [[Preston North End F.C.]] of England to win the 'Championship of the World', after the two teams win the [[Association football]] Cup competitions in their respective countries.
* [[August]] &ndash; The earliest constituent of the U.S. [[National Institutes of Health]] is established at the Marine Hospital, [[Staten Island]], as the Laboratory of Hygiene.

===September===
* [[September 5]] &ndash; The [[Theatre Royal, Exeter]], England, burns down, killing 186 people.
* [[September 28]] &ndash; The [[1887 Yellow River flood]] begins in China, killing 900,000 to 2,000,000 people.
[[File:Flag of Esperanto.svg|thumb|135px|right| [[July 26]]: [[Esperanto]]]]

===October===
* [[October 1]] &ndash; The [[British Empire]] takes over [[Balochistan]].
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[Florida A&M University]] opens in [[Tallahassee, Florida]].
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Yamaha Corporation]], the global [[musical instrument]] and [[audiovisual]] brand, is founded as Yamaha Organ Manufacturing in [[Hamamatsu]], Japan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.yamaha.com/en/about/history/|title=Brand and History - About Us - Yamaha Corporation|website=www.yamaha.com|language=en-US|access-date=2021-05-19}}</ref>
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[French Indochina]] was established, comprising (Lower) [[French Cochinchina|Cochinchina]], (Upper) [[Annam (French protectorate)|Annam]], [[Tonkin (French protectorate)|Tonkin]], and [[French protectorate of Cambodia|Cambodia]].
* [[October 18]] &ndash; [[Johannes Brahms]] conducts the premiere of his [[Double Concerto (Brahms)|Double Concerto]], composed for violinist [[Joseph Joachim]] and cellist [[Robert Hausmann]].<ref>Huth, Andrew: [https://www.hyperion-records.co.uk/dw.asp?dc=W23910_311570 Concerto for violin and cello in A minor 'Double Concerto', Op 102] [[Hyperion Records|Hyperion]] 2022</ref>

===November===
* [[November 3]] &ndash; The [[Coimbra Academic Association]], the [[students' union]] of the [[University of Coimbra]] in Portugal, is founded.
* [[November 6]] &ndash; The [[Association football]] club [[Celtic F.C.]] is formed in [[Glasgow]], Scotland, by Irish [[Marist Brothers|Marist]] [[Brother Walfrid]], to help alleviate poverty in the city's East End by raising money for his charity, the 'Poor Children's Dinner Table'.<ref>{{cite book|last=Coogan|first=Tim Pat|author-link=Tim Pat Coogan|title=Wherever Green Is Worn: The Story of the Irish Diaspora|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2002|page=250|isbn=978-1-4039-6014-6}}</ref>
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Emile Berliner]] is granted a U.S. patent for the [[Berliner Gramophone]].
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Louis Lingg]], sentenced to be hanged for his alleged role in the [[Haymarket affair]] (a bombing in Chicago on [[May 4]], [[1886]]), kills himself by [[dynamite]].
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[August Spies]], [[Albert Parsons]], [[Adolph Fischer]] and [[George Engel]] are hanged for inciting riot and murder in the [[Haymarket affair]].
* [[November 13]] &ndash; [[Bloody Sunday (1887)|Bloody Sunday]]: Police in London clash with radical and [[Irish nationalist]] protesters.
* [[November]]
** Results of the [[Michelson–Morley experiment]] are published, indicating that the speed of light is independent of motion.
** [[Arthur Conan Doyle]]'s detective character [[Sherlock Holmes]] makes his first appearance, in the novel ''[[A Study in Scarlet]]'', published in ''[[Beeton's Christmas Annual]]''.

===December===
* [[December 4]] – [[Örgryte IS]], the Swedish football team is founded by [[Wilhelm Friberg]].
* [[December 5]] &ndash; The International Bureau of [[Intellectual Property]] is established.
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Glenfiddich]] single malt Scotch whisky is first produced.

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Heinrich Hertz]] discovers the [[photoelectric effect]] on the production and reception of electromagnetic (EM) waves (radio); this is an important step towards the understanding of the quantum nature of light.
* [[Franz König (surgeon)|Franz König]] publishes "Über freie Körper in den Gelenken" in the medical journal ''Deutsche Zeitschrift für Chirurgie'', describing (and naming) the disease [[Osteochondritis dissecans]] for the first time.
* [[Teachers College, Columbia University|Teachers College]], later part of [[Columbia University]], is founded.
* The first English-language edition of [[Friedrich Engels]]' 1844 study of ''[[The Condition of the Working Class in England]]'', translated by [[Florence Kelley]], is published in [[New York City]].
* Publication in [[Barcelona]] of [[Enrique Gaspar y Rimbau|Enrique Gaspar]]'s ''El anacronópete'', the first work of fiction to feature a [[Time travel|time machine]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Kathryn|last=Westcott|title=HG Wells or Enrique Gaspar: Whose time machine was first?|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12900390|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2011-04-09|access-date=2011-04-09}}</ref>
* Publication begins of [[Futabatei Shimei]]'s ''[[The Drifting Cloud]] (Ukigumo)'', the first modern novel in Japan.
* The [[Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn]] is founded.
* Nagase Shoten (長瀬商店), predecessor of [[Japan]]ese [[cosmetics]] and [[toiletry]] [[brand]] [[Kao Corporation]], is founded in [[Nihonbashi]], [[Tokyo]], Japan.{{citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* Tokyo Fire Insurance, predecessor of [[Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Insurance]], is founded.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Yasuda Fire and Marine Insurance Company, Limited History|url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/THE-YASUDA-FIRE-AND-MARINE-INSURANCE-COMPANY-LIMITED-Company-History.html|work=Funding Universe|accessdate=2021-05-19}}</ref>
* [[Taiwan Island|Taiwan]] becomes a [[Qing dynasty|Chinese]] province
* Global [[construction]] and [[real estate development]] company [[Skanska]] is founded in [[Malmö]], [[Sweden]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our history|url=https://group.skanska.com/about-us/our-history/|access-date=2020-10-19|website=Skanska - Global corporate website|language=en-US}}</ref>
* American financial services company [[A. G. Edwards]] is founded by General [[Albert Gallatin Edwards]] in [[St. Louis]], Missouri.
* [[Heyl & Patterson Inc.]], a pioneer in coal unloading equipment, is founded by Edmund W. Heyl and William J. Patterson in [[Pittsburgh]], Pennsylvania.
* The first [[Battery electric multiple unit|battery rail car]] is used on the [[Royal Bavarian State Railways]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnston |first=Ben |year=2010 |title=Battery Rail Vehicles |url=http://railknowledgebank.com/Presto/content/GetDoc.axd?ctID=MTk4MTRjNDUtNWQ0My00OTBmLTllYWUtZWFjM2U2OTE0ZDY3&rID=NzA=&pID=Nzkx&attchmnt=True&uSesDM=False&rIdx=MjUyOA==&rCFU= |access-date=2021-05-19 |website=Rail Knowledge Bank |archive-date=November 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107232713/http://railknowledgebank.com/Presto/content/GetDoc.axd?ctID=MTk4MTRjNDUtNWQ0My00OTBmLTllYWUtZWFjM2U2OTE0ZDY3&rID=NzA=&pID=Nzkx&attchmnt=True&uSesDM=False&rIdx=MjUyOA==&rCFU= |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Births ==

=== January&ndash;February ===
[[File:Kallay Miklos 1942.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Miklós Kállay]]]]
[[File:Arturrubenstein.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Arthur Rubinstein]]]]
[[File:Farrel.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Edelmiro Julián Farrell]]]]
[[File:Joseph Bech (detail).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Joseph Bech]]]]
[[File:Chico Marx - signed.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Chico Marx]]]]
* [[January 1]]
** [[Wilhelm Canaris]], head of German military intelligence in [[World War II]] (d. [[1945]])
** [[Max Ritter von Müller]], German World War I fighter ace (d. [[1918]])
* [[January 2]] – [[Mayme Ousley]], American politician and the first female mayor in [[Missouri]] history (d. [[1970]])
* [[January 3]] &ndash; [[August Macke]], German painter (d. [[1914]])<ref>{{cite book |first1=Anna |last1=Meseure |first2=August |last2=Macke |author-link2=August Macke |title=August Macke, 1887-1914 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=44ErAQAAMAAJ |year=1993 |publisher=[[Benedikt Taschen]] |isbn=978-3-8228-0551-0 |page=7}}</ref>
* [[January 10]] &ndash; [[Robinson Jeffers]], American poet (d. [[1962]])
* [[January 13]] &ndash; [[Jorge Chávez]], Peruvian aviator (d. [[1910]])
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Ola Raknes]], Norwegian psychoanalyst, philologist (d. [[1975]])
* [[January 19]] &ndash; [[Alexander Woollcott]], American intellectual (d. [[1943]])
* [[January 23]]
** [[Miklós Kállay]], 34th prime minister of Hungary (d. [[1967]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Tibor |last=Szy |title=Hungarians in America: A Biographical Directory of Professionals of Hungarian Origin in the Americas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jGUOAQAAMAAJ |year=1966 |publisher=Kossuth Foundation |page=218}}</ref>
** [[Dorothy Payne Whitney]], American-born philanthropist, social activist (d. [[1968]])
* [[January 28]] &ndash; [[Arthur Rubinstein]], Polish-born pianist and conductor (d. [[1982]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Opus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2EM9AQAAIAAJ |year=1999 |publisher=Warwick Publishing Group |page=30}}</ref>
* [[February 2]] &ndash; [[Ernst Hanfstaengl]], German-born American businessman and politician (d. [[1975]])
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[Georg Trakl]], Austrian poet (d. [[1914]])<ref>{{cite book |first1=Georg |last1=Trakl |author-link1=Georg Trakl |first2=Robin |last2=Skelton |author-link2=Robin Skelton |title=Dark Seasons: A Selection of Poems |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q5SLUMh-2gcC&pg=PA9 |year=1994 |publisher=Broken Jaw Press |isbn=978-0-921411-22-2 |page=9}}</ref>
* [[February 5]] &ndash; [[Corneliu Dragalina]], Romanian general (d. [[1949]])
* [[February 6]] &ndash; [[Josef Frings]], Archbishop of Cologne (d. [[1978]])
* [[February 12]] &ndash; [[Edelmiro Julián Farrell]], Argentine general, 28th [[President of Argentina]] (d. [[1980]])
* [[February 17]]
** [[Joseph Bech]], Luxembourgish politician, 2-time prime minister of Luxembourg (d. [[1975]])<ref>{{cite book |title=Official Journal of the European Communities: Debates of the European Parliament |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LDIHAQAAMAAJ |date=March 1975 |publisher=[[Office for Official Publications of the European Communities]] |page=2}}</ref>
** [[Leevi Madetoja]], Finnish composer (d. [[1947]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Mark |last=Morris |title=A Guide to 20th-century Composers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ph8KAQAAMAAJ |year=1996 |publisher=[[Methuen Publishing|Methuen]] |isbn=978-0-413-45601-4 |page=112}}</ref>
* [[February 20]] &ndash; [[Vincent Massey]], Governor General of Canada (d. [[1967]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Claude |last=Bissell |author-link=Claude Bissell |title=The Young Vincent Massey |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IzpEDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT10 |date=15 December 1981 |publisher=[[University of Toronto Press]], Scholarly Publishing Division |isbn=978-1-4426-3371-1 |page=10}}</ref>
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Korechika Anami]], Japanese general (d. [[1945]])

=== March&ndash;April ===
[[File:Julian Huxley 1964.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Julian Huxley]]]]
[[File:Chagall France 1921.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Marc Chagall]]]]
[[File:Gustav Hertz.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Gustav Ludwig Hertz]]]]
[[File:Erwin Schrödinger (1933).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Erwin Schrödinger]]]]
[[File:Giovanni Gronchi.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Giovanni Gronchi]]]]
* [[March 5]] &ndash; [[Heitor Villa-Lobos]], Brazilian composer (d. [[1959]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Gerard |last=Béhague |author-link=Gerard Béhague |title=Heitor Villa-Lobos: The Search for Brazil's Musical Soul |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tGQIAQAAMAAJ |year=1994 |publisher=Institute of Latin American Studies, [[University of Texas at Austin]] |isbn=978-0-292-70823-5 |page=2}}</ref>
* [[March 11]] &ndash; [[Raoul Walsh]], American film director (d. [[1980]])
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Alexander Vandegrift]], American general (d. [[1973]])
* [[March 14]] &ndash; [[Sylvia Beach]], American publisher in Paris (d. [[1952]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Bruce |last=Kellner |title=A Gertrude Stein Companion: Content with the Example |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ui7uAAAAMAAJ |year=1988 |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |isbn=978-0-313-25078-1 |page=153}}</ref>
* [[March 18]] &ndash; [[Aurel Aldea]], Romanian general and politician (d. [[1949]])
* [[March 21]] &ndash; [[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal]] (d. [[1908]])
* [[March 22]] &ndash; [[Chico Marx]], American comedian and actor (d. [[1961]])
* [[March 23]]
** [[Juan Gris]], Spanish-born painter, graphic artist (d. [[1927]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Marcel |last=Brion |author-link=Marcel Brion |title=Modern Painting; from Impressionism to Abstract Art |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u74YAAAAYAAJ |year=1958 |publisher=[[Thames and Hudson]] |page=95}}</ref>
** Prince [[Felix Yusupov]], Russian assassin of [[Rasputin]] (d. [[1967]])
* [[March 24]] &ndash; [[Roscoe Arbuckle]], American actor, comedian, film director, and screenwriter (d. [[1933]])
* [[March 25]] &ndash; [[Chūichi Nagumo]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1944]])
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Nishizō Tsukahara]], Japanese admiral (d. [[1966]])
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[Bernardo Houssay]], Argentine physiologist, [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1971]])
* [[April 12]] &ndash; [[Harold Lockwood]], American film actor (d.[[1918]])
* [[April 22]] &ndash; [[Harald Bohr]], Danish mathematician and footballer (d. [[1951]])<ref>{{cite book |first=Salomon |last=Bochner |author-link=Salomon Bochner |title=Collected Papers of Salomon Bochner |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EUIBUzD75UAC&pg=PA73 |year=1992 |publisher=[[American Mathematical Society]] |isbn=978-0-8218-7054-9 |page=73}}</ref>
* [[April 26]] &ndash; [[Kojo Tovalou Houénou]], Beninese critic of the French colonial empire in Africa (d. [[1936]])

=== May&ndash;June ===
* [[May 2]]
** [[Vernon Castle]], British-born American dancer (d. [[1918]])
** [[Eddie Collins]], American baseball player (d. [[1951]])
* [[May 5]] &ndash; [[Geoffrey Fisher]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] (d. [[1972]])
* [[May 11]] &ndash; [[Paul Wittgenstein]], Austrian-born pianist (d. [[1951]])
* [[May 15]] &ndash; [[John H. Hoover]], American admiral (d. [[1970]])
* [[May 22]] &ndash; [[Jim Thorpe]], American athlete (d. [[1953]])
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[C. R. M. F. Cruttwell]], English historian (d. [[1941]])<ref name=EllisODNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Ellis |first=Geoffrey |title=Cruttwell, Charles Robert Mowbray Fraser |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32655 |year=2007 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/32655 |access-date=1 November 2010}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Padre Pio]], Italian saint (d. [[1968]])
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Saint-John Perse]], French diplomat, writer and [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1975]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Bernard S. Schlessinger|author2=June H. Schlessinger|title=The Who's Who of Nobel Prize Winners, 1901-1990|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qFRqAAAAMAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Oryx Press|isbn=978-0-89774-599-4|page=74}}</ref>
* [[June 3]] &ndash; [[Carlo Michelstaedter]], Italian philosopher (d. [[1910]])
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[Tom Longboat]], Canadian distance runner (d. [[1949]])
* [[June 5]] &ndash; [[Ruth Benedict]], American anthropologist (d. [[1948]])
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Julian Huxley]], British biologist (d. [[1975]])
* [[June 26]] &ndash; [[Ganna Walska]], Polish-born American opera singer and horticulturist (d. [[1984]])

=== July&ndash;August ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Morton Deyo]], American admiral (d. [[1973]])
* [[July 6]] &ndash; [[Annette Kellermann]], Australian swimmer and actress (d. [[1975]])
* [[July 7]] &ndash; [[Marc Chagall]], Russian-born French painter (d. [[1985]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Anthony Mason|title=Marc Chagall|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b-KH8_EHX1wC&pg=PA6|date=5 July 2004|publisher=Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP|isbn=978-0-8368-5649-1|pages=6}}</ref>
* [[July 9]]
** [[Emilio Mola]], Spanish Nationalist commander (d. [[1937]])
** [[Samuel Eliot Morison]], American historian (d. [[1976]])
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[Curtis Shake]], American jurist (d. [[1978]])
* [[July 16]] &ndash; [[Shoeless Joe Jackson]], American baseball player (d. [[1951]])
* [[July 18]] &ndash; [[Vidkun Quisling]], Norwegian politician, traitor (d. [[1945]])
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Luis A. Eguiguren]], Peruvian historian and politician (d. [[1967]])
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Gustav Ludwig Hertz]], German physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1975]])
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[Marcel Duchamp]], French artist (d. [[1968]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Marcel Brion|title=Modern Painting; from Impressionism to Abstract Art|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u74YAAAAYAAJ|year=1958|publisher=Thames and Hudson|page=94}}</ref>
* [[July 29]]
**[[Sigmund Romberg]], Hungarian-born American composer (d. [[1951]])
**[[Mamoru Shigemitsu]], Japanese diplomat and politician (d. [[1957]])
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Mitsuru Ushijima]], Japanese general (d. [[1945]])
* [[August 3]]
** [[Rupert Brooke]], British war poet (d. [[1915]])<ref>{{cite book|author=John Lehmann|title=Rupert Brooke: His Life and His Legend|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FFaAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|isbn=978-0-297-77757-1|page=20}}</ref>
** [[August Wesley]], Finnish journalist, trade unionist, and revolutionary (d. ?){{cn|date=August 2024}}
* [[August 6]] &ndash; [[Oliver Wallace]], English film composer (d. [[1963]])
* [[August 12]] &ndash; [[Erwin Schrödinger]], Austrian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1961]])
* [[August 17]]
** Emperor [[Charles I of Austria]] (d. [[1922]])
** [[Marcus Garvey]], Jamaican-born American publisher, entrepreneur and [[Pan Africanist]] (d. [[1940]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Marcus Garvey|author2=Robert A. Hill|title=Marcus Garvey Life and Lessons: A Centennial Companion to the Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47UwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA35|date=17 August 1987|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-06265-8|pages=35}}</ref>
* [[August 22]] &ndash; [[Walter Citrine, 1st Baron Citrine]], British trade unionist (d. [[1983]])
* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Harry Hooper]], American baseball player (d. [[1974]])

=== September&ndash;October ===
[[File:Avery Brundage 1964.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Avery Brundage]]]]
[[File:Le_Corbusier_1933.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Le Corbusier]]]]
[[File:Chiang Kai-shek Colour.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Chiang Kai-shek]]]]
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[Blaise Cendrars]], Swiss writer (d. [[1961]])<ref>{{cite book|author=John Flower|title=Historical Dictionary of French Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kd6tAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA118|date=17 January 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7945-4|pages=118}}</ref>
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[Irene Fenwick]], American actress (d. [[1936]])
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Jacob L. Devers]], American general (d. [[1979]])
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[Alf Landon]], American Republican politician, presidential candidate (d. [[1987]])
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Giovanni Gronchi]], 3rd president of Italy (d. [[1978]])
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Yusif Vazir Chamanzaminli]], Azerbaijani statesman, writer and claimed "core author" of novel ''[[Ali and Nino]]'' (d. in [[Gulag]] [[1943]])
* [[September 13]]
** [[Lancelot Holland]], British admiral (d. [[1941]])
** [[Leopold Ružička]], Croatian chemist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1976]])
* [[September 16]] &ndash; [[Nadia Boulanger]], French composer and composition teacher (d. [[1979]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Alan Kendall|title=The Tender Tyrant, Nadia Boulanger: A Life Devoted to Music : a Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nK4QAQAAMAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Macdonald and Jane's|isbn=978-0-356-08403-9|page=8}}</ref>
* [[September 26]] &ndash; [[William Barnard Rhodes-Moorhouse]], British aviator, first airman to receive the Victoria Cross (d. [[1915]])
* [[September 28]] &ndash; [[Avery Brundage]], American sports official, 5th [[President of the International Olympic Committee]] (d. [[1975]])<ref>{{cite book|author=John Apostal Lucas|title=The Modern Olympic Games|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7eBAAAAMAAJ|year=1980|publisher=A. S. Barnes|isbn=978-0-498-02447-4|page=161}}</ref>
* [[October 2]] &ndash; [[Violet Jessop]], Argentine-born British [[RMS Titanic|RMS ''Titanic'']] survivor (d. [[1971]])
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Charles Alan Pownall]], American admiral, 3rd Military Governor of Guam (d. [[1975]])
* [[October 5]] &ndash; [[René Cassin]], French judge, recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[1976]])
* [[October 6]] &ndash; [[Le Corbusier]], Swiss architect (d. [[1965]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Juan Antonio Ramírez|title=The Beehive Metaphor: From Gaudí to Le Corbusier|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=es5Nb92a5t4C&pg=PA116|year=2000|publisher=Reaktion Books|isbn=978-1-86189-056-6|pages=116}}</ref>
* [[October 13]] &ndash; [[Jozef Tiso]], Prime Minister of Slovakia (d. [[1947]])
* [[October 20]] &ndash; [[Prince Yasuhiko Asaka]], Japanese prince (d. [[1981]])
* [[October 22]] &ndash; [[John Reed (journalist)|John Reed]], American journalist (d. [[1920]])<ref>{{cite book|title=New Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=afkSAQAAMAAJ|date=September 1987|page=28}}</ref>
* [[October 23]] &ndash; [[Lothar Rendulic]], Austrian-born German general (d. [[1971]])
* [[October 24]] &ndash; [[Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg]], Queen Consort of Spain (d. [[1969]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[Chiang Kai-shek]], 1st president of the Republic of China (d. [[1975]])

=== November–December ===
[[File:General Sir Bernard Montgomery in England, 1943 TR1037 (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bernard Montgomery]]]]
[[File:Boris Karloff.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Boris Karloff]]]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-H01757, Erich von Manstein.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Erich von Manstein]]]]
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[L. S. Lowry]], English painter (d. [[1976]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Allen Andrews|title=The Life of L. S. Lowry, 1887-1976|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QRs3AQAAIAAJ|year=1977|publisher=Jupiter Books|isbn=978-0-904041-60-6|page=30}}</ref>
* [[November 6]] &ndash; [[Walter Johnson]], American baseball player (d. [[1946]])
* [[November 10]] &ndash; [[Arnold Zweig]], German writer (d. [[1968]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Irene Harand|title=His Struggle (an Answer to Hitler)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tQZ02whlxZoC|year=1937|publisher=Artcraft Press|page=240}}</ref>
* [[November 11]] &ndash; [[Roland Young]], English actor (d. [[1953]])
* [[November 14]] &ndash; [[Amadeo de Souza Cardoso]], Portuguese painter (d. [[1918]])
* [[November 15]] &ndash; [[Georgia O'Keeffe]], American painter (d. [[1986]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Britta Benke|title=Georgia O'Keeffe, 1887-1986: Flowers in the Desert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qggwE6o5ykAC&pg=PA5|year=2000|publisher=Taschen|isbn=978-3-8228-5861-5|pages=5}}</ref>
* [[November 17]] &ndash; [[Bernard Montgomery]], British World War II commander (d. [[1976]])
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[James B. Sumner]], American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. [[1955]])
* [[November 23]]
**[[Boris Karloff]], British horror film actor (d. [[1969]])
**[[Henry Moseley]], English physicist (d. [[1915]])
* [[November 24]] &ndash; [[Erich von Manstein]], German field marshal (d. [[1973]])
* [[November 25]] &ndash; [[Nikolai Vavilov]], Russian and Soviet agronomist, botanist and geneticist (d. [[1943]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Sputnik|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NlA8AQAAIAAJ|year=1997|publisher=Novosti Printing House|page=5}}</ref>
* [[November 27]] &ndash; [[Masaharu Homma]], Japanese general (d. [[1946]])
* [[November 28]]
**[[Jacobo Palm]], Curaçao-born composer (d. [[1982]])
**[[Ernst Röhm]], German Nazi [[Sturmabteilung|SA]] leader (d. [[1934]])
* [[December 3]] &ndash; [[Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni]], prime minister of Japan (d. [[1990]])
* [[December 6]] &ndash; [[Lynn Fontanne]], British actress (d. [[1983]])
* [[December 12]] &ndash; [[Kurt Atterberg]], Swedish composer (d. [[1974]])
* [[December 13]] &ndash; [[Alvin York]], American [[World War I]] hero (d. [[1964]])
* [[December 16]] &ndash; [[Adone Zoli]], Italian politician, 35th [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (d. [[1960]])
* [[December 22]] &ndash; [[Srinivasa Ramanujan]], Indian mathematician (d. [[1920]])
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Conrad Hilton]], American hotelier (d. [[1979]])
* [[December 26]] &ndash; [[Arthur Percival]], British general (d. [[1966]])

== Deaths ==

=== January&ndash;June ===
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh]], British politician (b. [[1818]])
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Eduard Douwes Dekker]], Dutch writer (b. [[1820]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Frank Northen Magill|title=Masterplots: Cyclopedia of world authors; seven hundred fifty three novelists, poets, playwrights from the world's fine literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fe_XAAAAMAAJ|year=1958|publisher=Salem Press|page=777}}</ref>
*[[February 25]] &ndash; [[Jesse W. Fell]], American businessman and landowner (b. [[1808]])<ref>Sarah M. Fell: ''Genealogy of the Fell family in America, descended from Joseph Fell, who settled in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, 1705 : With some account of the family remaining in England, &c.'' Sickler, Philadelphia, 1891, p. 139: Jesse W. Fell [https://archive.org/details/genealogyoffellf00fell/page/139/mode/2up]</ref>
* [[February 26]] &ndash; [[Anandi Gopal Joshi]], first Indian woman doctor (b. [[1865]])
* [[February 27]] &ndash; [[Alexander Borodin]], Russian composer (b. [[1833]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Overture: The Magazine of the Baltimore Symphony|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0uZLAAAAYAAJ|year=1979|publisher=Baltimore Symphony Orchestra Association|page=20}}</ref>
* [[March 4]] &ndash; [[Catherine Huggins]], British actor, singer, director and manager (b. [[1821]])
* [[March 8]] &ndash; [[Henry Ward Beecher]], American clergyman, reformer (b. [[1813]])
* [[March 24]]
** [[Jean-Joseph Farre]], French general and statesman (b. [[1816]])
** [[Justin Holland]], American musician, civil rights activist (b. [[1819]])
** [[Ivan Kramskoi]], Russian painter (b. [[1837]])
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Ditlev Gothard Monrad]], Danish politician (b. [[1811]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Jon Bartley Stewart|title=Kierkegaard and His Danish Contemporaries: Philosophy, politics and social theory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m54s4QqpM0UC&pg=PA169|year=2009|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-0-7546-6872-5|pages=169}}</ref>
* [[April 10]] &ndash; [[John T. Raymond]], American actor (b. [[1836]])
* [[April 19]] &ndash; [[Henry Hotze]], Swiss-American Confederate propagandist (b. [[1833]])
* [[April 23]] &ndash; [[John Ceiriog Hughes]], Welsh poet (b. [[1832]])<ref>{{cite web|url=https://biography.wales/article/s-HUGH-CEI-1832|title=Hughes, John (Ceiriog; 1832-1887), poet|author=David Gwenallt Jones|website=Dictionary of Welsh Biography|publisher=National Library of Wales|access-date=2 November 2020}}</ref>
* [[May 7]] &ndash; [[C. F. W. Walther]], German-American theologian (b. [[1811]])
* [[May 8]] &ndash; [[Aleksandr Ulyanov]], Russian revolutionary, brother of V. I. Lenin (b. [[1866]])
* [[May 14]] &ndash; [[Lysander Spooner]], American philosopher and abolitionist (b. [[1808]])
* [[June 4]] &ndash; [[William A. Wheeler]], [[List of Vice Presidents of the United States|19th]] [[Vice President of the United States]] (b. [[1819]])
* [[June 10]] &ndash; [[Richard Lindon]], British inventor of the rugby ball, the India-rubber inflatable bladder and the brass hand pump for the same (b. [[1816]])

=== July&ndash;December ===
[[File:Gustav Robert Kirchhoff.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]]]
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[John Wright Oakes]], English landscape painter (b. [[1820]])
* [[July 17]] &ndash; [[Dorothea Dix]], American social activist (b. [[1802]])
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[John Taylor (Mormon)|John Taylor]], American religious leader (b. [[1808]])
* [[August 8]] &ndash; [[Alexander William Doniphan]], American lawyer, soldier (b. [[1808]])
* [[August 16]]
** [[Webster Paulson]], English civil engineer (b. [[1837]])
** [[Julius von Haast|Sir Julius von Haast]], German-born New Zealand geologist (b. [[1822]])
* [[August 19]]
** [[Alvan Clark]], American telescope manufacturer (b. [[1804]])
** [[Spencer Fullerton Baird]], American naturalist and museum curator (b. [[1823]])
* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Jules Laforgue]], French poet (b. [[1860]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=St James Press|author2=Anthony Levi|title=Guide to French Literature: 1789 to the Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WFkOAQAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=St. James Press|isbn=978-1-55862-086-5|page=345}}</ref>
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[August von Werder]], Prussian general (b. [[1808]])
* [[October 12]] &ndash; [[Dinah Craik]], English novelist and poet (b. [[1826]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=August Nemo|author2=Dinah Craik|title=Essential Novelists - Dinah Craik: The Ideals of English Middle-class Life|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dPqfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT3|date=1 July 2019|publisher=Tacet Books|isbn=978-85-7777-325-1|pages=3}}</ref>
* [[October 17]] &ndash; [[Gustav Kirchhoff]], German physicist (b. [[1824]])
* [[October 21]] &ndash; [[Bernard Jauréguiberry]], French admiral, statesman (b. [[1815]])
* [[October 26]] &ndash; [[Hugo von Kirchbach]], Prussian general (b. [[1809]])
* [[October 31]] &ndash; [[George Alexander Macfarren|Sir George Macfarren]], British composer and musicologist (b. [[1813]])
* [[November 2]]
**[[Jenny Lind]], Swedish soprano (b. [[1820]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Cecilia Jorgensen|author2=Jens Jorgensen|title=Chopin and the Swedish Nightingale: The Life and Times of Chopin and a Romance Unveiled 154 Years Later|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FhgXAQAAIAAJ|year=2003|publisher=Icons of Europe|isbn=978-2-9600385-0-7|page=89}}</ref>
**[[Alfred Domett]], 4th [[Premier of New Zealand]] (b. [[1811]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Claudia Orange|title=The Story of a Treaty|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vQs9CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA269|date=21 December 2015|publisher=Bridget Williams Books|isbn=978-1-927131-34-3|pages=269}}</ref>
* [[November 8]] &ndash; [[Doc Holliday]], American gambler, gunfighter (b. [[1851]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Jon Tuska|author2=Vicki Piekarski|author3=Paul J. Blanding|title=The Frontier Experience: A Reader's Guide to the Life and Literature of the American West|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h58UAQAAIAAJ|year=1984|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-89950-118-5|page=124}}</ref>
* [[November 19]] &ndash; [[Emma Lazarus]], American poet (b. [[1859]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Emma Lazarus|title=The Poems of Emma Lazarus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XL04AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1|orig-date=1888|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin|pages=1|isbn=9781421934624}}</ref>
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Gustav Fechner]], German experimental psychologist (b. [[1801]])
* [[December 3]] – [[Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist]], [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] (b. [[1809]])
* [[December 5]] &ndash; [[Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons]], British diplomat (b. [[1817]])
* [[December 14]] &ndash; [[William Garrow Lettsom]], British diplomat, mineralogist and spectroscopist (b. [[1805]])
* [[December 23]] &ndash; [[Adolphus Frederick Alexander Woodford]], British parson (b. [[1821]])

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Antoinette Nording]], Swedish perfume entrepreneur (b. [[1814]])

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1887}}
[[Category:1887| ]]