View source for 1937

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{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Events by month|1937}}
{{Year dab|1937|the 2005 EP by Soul-Junk|1937 (EP)}}
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| image1            = Japanese Special Naval Landing Forces in Battle of Shanghai 1937.jpg
| image2            = Hindenburg disaster.jpg
| image3            = New London School explosion (cropped).jpg
| image4            = Amelia Earhart's Disappearance.jpg
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| footer            = From top to bottom, left to right: the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] erupts after the [[Marco Polo Bridge Incident]], as Japan invades China and commits atrocities including the [[Nanjing Massacre]]; the [[Hindenburg disaster]] shocks the world when the German airship bursts into flames in New Jersey, killing 36 and ending the airship era; the [[New London School explosion]] in Texas kills nearly 300, prompting gas safety reforms; aviator [[Amelia Earhart]] and navigator [[Fred Noonan]] vanish over the Pacific while attempting a global flight; the [[Ohio River flood of 1937]] displaces over a million across multiple states; and [[Walt Disney]]’s [[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]] premieres as the first full-length cel-animated feature film.
}}
{{Year nav|1937}}
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{{Year article header|1937}}
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==Events==

===January===
{{Main|January 1937}}
[[File:Howard Hughes.jpg|thumb|130px|right| [[January 19]]: [[Howard Hughes]] sets record.]]
[[File:The Second Moscow Trial.jpg|thumb|200px|The Second Moscow Trial]]
* [[January 1]] – [[Anastasio Somoza García]] becomes [[President of Nicaragua]].
* [[January 5]] – Water levels begin to rise in the [[Ohio River]] in the United States, leading to the [[Ohio River flood of 1937]], which continues into February, leaving 1&nbsp;million people homeless and 385 people dead.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://kyclim.wku.edu/factSheets/ohioRiver.htm |title=Fact Sheet: Ohio River Floods |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604134934/http://kyclim.wku.edu/factSheets/ohioRiver.htm |publisher=[[Western Kentucky University]] |archive-date=June 4, 2008 |access-date=August 10, 2015}}</ref>
* [[January 15]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: The [[Second Battle of the Corunna Road]] ends inconclusively.<ref>{{cite book | title = The Spanish Civil War | author = Thomas, Hugh| year = 2001 | publisher =Penguin Books |page=480}}</ref>
* [[January 23]] – [[Moscow Trials]]: Trial of the Anti-Soviet Trotskyist Center – In the [[Soviet Union]] 17 leading [[Communist]]s go on trial, accused of participating in a plot led by [[Leon Trotsky]] to overthrow [[Joseph Stalin]]'s regime, and assassinate its leaders.
* [[January 30]] – The Moscow Trial initiated on January 23 is concluded. Thirteen of the defendants are [[Capital punishment|sentenced to death]] (including [[Georgy Pyatakov]], [[Nikolay Muralov]] and [[Leonid Serebryakov]]), while the rest, including [[Karl Radek]] and [[Grigory Sokolnikov]] are sent to [[Gulag|labor camps]] and later murdered. They were initially spared for implicating others, including [[Alexei Rykov|Rykov]], [[Nikolai Bukharin|Bukharin]] and [[Mikhail Tukhachevsky|Tukhachevsky]], setting the stage for further trials<ref>[[Andrey Vyshinsky]] [http://neworleans.media.indypgh.org/uploads/2007/02/the.treason.case.18feb07.pdf1xudb8.pdf The Treason Case Summed Up] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190129/http://neworleans.media.indypgh.org/uploads/2007/02/the.treason.case.18feb07.pdf1xudb8.pdf |date=2016-03-03 }} April 1938 (in English)</ref>

===February===
{{Main|February 1937}}
* [[February 8]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: Falangist troops take [[Málaga]].
* [[February 8]]–[[February 27|27]] – Spanish Civil War – [[Battle of Jarama]]: Nationalist and Republican troops fight to a stalemate.
* [[February 16]] – [[Wallace H. Carothers]] receives a patent for [[nylon]] in the United States.<ref>{{US patent|2071250}} "Linear Condensation Polymers", filed July 1931, issued February 1937</ref>
* [[February 19]]
** Airliner VH-UHH (''Stinson'') goes down over [[Lamington National Park]], bound for Sydney, killing 5 people.
** [[Yekatit 12]]: During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]], two [[Eritrea]]n nationalists attempt to kill viceroy [[Rodolfo Graziani]] with a number of grenades. Italian security guards fire into the crowd of Ethiopian onlookers. Authorities exact further reprisals, which include indiscriminately slaughtering native Ethiopians over the next 3 days, detaining thousands of Ethiopians at [[Danan, Ethiopia|Danan]] and slaughtering almost 300 monks at the [[Debre Libanos]] Monastery.
** The red, white and blue colours of the [[flag of the Netherlands]] are confirmed by royal decree.<ref>Wilhelmina en De Minister van Staat, Minister van Koloniën, Voorzitter van den Raad van Ministers (19 februari 1937): [https://web.archive.org/web/20170905235449/http://www.koenigsbanner.de/fotw/flags/nl.html Koninklijk Besluit nr. 93, Zell am See].</ref>
* [[February 21]] – The [[League of Nations]] [[Non-Intervention Committee]] prohibits foreign nationals from fighting in the Spanish Civil War.
* [[February 25]] – [[Hergé]]'s [[Tintin (character)|Tintin]] adventure ''[[The Broken Ear]]'' (''L'Oreille cassée'') concludes serialization in the Belgian weekly newspaper supplement ''[[Le Petit Vingtième]]'', and soon afterwards is published as a book in black and white.

===March===
{{Main|March 1937}}
* [[March 10]] (dated [[March 14]] ([[Passion Sunday]])) – The [[encyclical]] ''[[Mit brennender Sorge]]'' ("With burning concern") of [[Pope Pius XI]] is published in Germany in the German language. Largely the work of Cardinals [[Michael von Faulhaber|von Faulhaber]] and [[Pope Pius XII|Pacelli]], it condemns breaches of the [[1933]] [[Reichskonkordat]] agreement signed between the Nazi government and the [[Catholic Church]], and criticises [[Nazism]]'s views on race and other matters incompatible with Catholicism. 
* [[March 18]] – [[New London School explosion]]: In the worst school disaster in American history in terms of lives lost, the New London School in [[New London, Texas]], suffers a catastrophic [[natural gas]] explosion, killing in excess of 295 students and teachers. [[Mother Frances Hospital]] opens in [[Tyler, Texas]], a day ahead of schedule, in response to the explosion.
* [[March 19]] – The encyclical ''[[Divini Redemptoris]]'' of [[Pope Pius XI]], critical of [[communism]], is published.
* [[March 21]] – [[Ponce massacre]]: A police squad, acting under orders from [[Governor of Puerto Rico]] [[Blanton Winship]], opens fire on peaceful demonstrators protesting at the arrest of [[Puerto Rican Nationalist Party]] leader [[Pedro Albizu Campos]], killing 17 people and injuring over 200.

===April===
{{Main|April 1937}}
* [[April 1]]
** [[Colony of Aden|Aden]] becomes a British [[crown colony]].
** The [[Bombing of Jaén]] is carried out in Spain, by the [[Condor Legion]] of the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] [[Luftwaffe]].
* [[April 9]] – The ''[[Kamikaze (1937 aircraft)|Kamikaze]]'' arrives at [[Croydon Airport]] in London; it is the first Japanese-built aircraft to fly to Europe.
* [[April 12]] – [[Frank Whittle]] ground-tests the world's first [[jet engine]] designed to power an aircraft, at [[Rugby, Warwickshire|Rugby, England]].<ref>*{{cite book|last=Golley |first=John |title=Genesis of the Jet: Frank Whittle and the Invention of the Jet Engine|publisher=Crowood Press|year=1997|isbn=1-85310-860-X|pages=86–91}}</ref>
* [[April 20]] – A fire in an elementary school in [[Kilingi-Nõmme]], [[Estonia]], kills 17 students and injures 50.
* [[April 26]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: The [[Bombing of Guernica]] is carried out in Spain, by the [[Condor Legion]] of the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] [[Luftwaffe]], in support of the [[Francoist Spain|Francoist]]s. Three-quarters of the town is destroyed and hundreds killed.<ref>Journalist [[George Steer]]'s report to ''[[The Times]]'' (London) connects Germany with the attack.</ref>

===May===
{{Main|May 1937}}
[[File:Hindenburg burning.jpg|thumb|right|[[May 6]]: The [[Hindenburg disaster|''Hindenburg'' disaster]] occurs.]]
[[File:Golden Gate Bridge 0002.jpg|thumb|[[May 27]]: The [[Golden Gate Bridge]] opens.]]
* [[May 6]] – [[Hindenburg disaster|''Hindenburg'' disaster]]: In the United States, the German [[LZ 129 Hindenburg|airship ''Hindenburg'']] bursts into flame when mooring to a mast in [[Lakehurst, New Jersey]]. Of the 36 passengers and 61 crew on board, 13 passengers and 22 crew die, as well as one member of the ground crew.
* [[May 7]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: The German [[Condor Legion|Condor Legion Fighter Group]], equipped with [[Heinkel He 51]] biplanes, arrives in Spain to assist [[Francisco Franco]]'s forces.
* [[May 8]] – [[Wydad Athletic Club (Football)|Wydad Athletic Club]] (WAC)(Arabic: نادي الوداد الرياضي; Berber: ''Wydad Dar al-Beida''; commonly: ''Wydad al ouma'') is established in [[Casablanca]], Morocco; it will be best known for its Casablanca [[Association football]] team.
* [[May 12]] – [[coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth|George VI and Elizabeth are crowned]] King and Queen of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor and Empress of India at [[Westminster Abbey]], London.
* [[May 21]]
** A [[Soviet and Russian manned drifting ice stations|Russian manned ice station]] becomes the first scientific research settlement to operate on the [[drift ice]] of the Arctic Ocean.
** As one of the reprisals for the attempted assassination of Italian viceroy [[Rodolfo Graziani]], a detachment of Italian troops massacres the entire community of [[Debre Libanos]] in Ethiopia, killing 297 monks and 23 laymen.
* [[May 28]] – [[Neville Chamberlain]] becomes [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], following the retirement of [[Stanley Baldwin]].
* [[May 30]]
** [[Spanish Civil War]]: Spanish ship ''Ciudad de Barcelona'' is torpedoed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brooks |first=Chris |date=2022-05-29 |title=85th Anniversary - Sinking of the Ciudad de Barcelona |url=https://albavolunteer.org/2022/05/85th-anniversary-sinking-of-the-ciudad-de-barcelona/ |access-date=2025-08-06 |website=The Volunteer |language=en-US}}</ref>
** [[Memorial Day massacre of 1937]]: The [[Chicago Police Department]] shoot and kill 10 unarmed demonstrators in Chicago.

===June===
{{Main|June 1937}}
* [[June]] – [[Pablo Picasso|Picasso]] completes his painting ''[[Guernica (painting)|Guernica]]''.
* [[June]]–[[July]] – The [[Dáil Éireann]] debates and passes the new draft [[Constitution of Ireland]], which is then submitted for public approval by [[plebiscite]].
* [[June 3]] – [[Wallis Simpson]] marries the Duke of Windsor, the former [[Edward VIII]], in France.
* [[June 8]]
** The [[Dáil Éireann]] passes the Executive Authority (Consequential Provisions) Act, 1937, which abolishes the office of Governor-General of the Irish Free State, retrospectively dated to [[December]] [[1936]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Irish Jurist, Together with the Irish Jurist Reports|publisher=Jurist Publishing Company|year=1937|page=64}}</ref>
** The first total [[solar eclipse]] to exceed 7 minutes of totality, in over 800 years, is visible in the Pacific and Peru.
* [[June 21]] – The [[coalition government]] of [[Léon Blum]] resigns in [[France]].

===July===
{{Main|July 1937}}
[[File:Earhart.jpg|thumb|[[July 2]]: [[Amelia Earhart]] disappears from [[New Guinea]].]]
[[File:Diagram of the 1937 Fox vault fire.jpg|thumb|[[July 9]]: The silent film archives of [[Fox Film Corporation]] are destroyed by the [[1937 Fox vault fire]].]]
* [[July 1]]
** The [[Gestapo]] arrests pastor [[Martin Niemöller]] in Germany.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GDW-Berlin: Biographie-Detail |url=https://www.gdw-berlin.de/en/recess/biographies/complete-index/biographie-detail/view-bio/martin-niemoeller |access-date=2025-09-23 |website=www.gdw-berlin.de}}</ref>
** In a referendum the people of the [[Irish Free State]] accept the new Constitution by 685,105 votes to 527,945.
* [[July 2]] – [[Amelia Earhart]] and navigator [[Fred Noonan]] disappear after taking off from [[New Guinea]], during Earhart's attempt to become the first woman to fly around the world.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amelia Earhart {{!}} Biography, Disappearance, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Amelia-Earhart |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=12 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[July 7]]
** In the [[Marco Polo Bridge Incident]], Japanese and Chinese forces exchange fire near Beijing, beginning the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]].
** The [[Peel Commission]] proposes partition of the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]] into separate Arab and Jewish states.<ref>{{cite book|title=League of Nations Mandates – Palestine: Report of the Palestine Royal Commission |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/peel1.html|access-date=2012-03-08 |date=July 1937}}</ref>
* [[July 9]] – [[1937 Fox vault fire]]: The silent film archives of [[Fox Film Corporation]] are destroyed
* [[July 20]] – The [[Geibeltbad Pirna]] water sports facility is opened in [[Dresden]], Germany.
* [[July 21]] – [[Éamon de Valera]] is elected [[President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State|President of the Executive Council]] (prime minister) of the [[Irish Free State]], by the [[Dáil]] (parliament).
* [[July 22]] – [[New Deal]]: The [[United States Senate]] votes down President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]'s proposal to add more justices to the [[Supreme Court of the United States]].
* [[July 25]]–[[July 31|31]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War|Sino-Japanese War]]: [[Battle of Beiping–Tianjin]], a series of actions fought around [[Beijing|Beiping]] and [[Tianjin]], result in Japanese victory.
* [[July 29]] – [[Tongzhou Mutiny]]: Units of the [[East Hebei Army]] mutiny and kill Japanese troops and civilians in [[Tongzhou District, Beijing|Tongzhou]].
* [[July 31]] – [[NKVD Order No. 00447]] "Об операции по репрессированию бывших кулаков, уголовников и других антисоветских элементов" ("The operation for repression of former [[kulak]]s, criminals and other anti-Soviet elements") is approved by the [[About the anti-Soviet elements|decision of the Politbureau of the CC of the VKP(b)]] of the [[Soviet Union]], initially as a 4-month plan for 75,950 people to be executed and an additional 193,000 to be sent to the [[Gulag]].

===August===
{{Main|August 1937}}
* [[August 2]] – The [[Marihuana Tax Act of 1937|Marijuana Tax Act]]<ref>Pub. 238, 75th Congress, 50 Stat. 551 (subsequently, commonly referred to using the modern spelling as the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937)</ref> in the United States is a significant bill on the path that will lead to the criminalization of cannabis. It was introduced to the U.S. Congress by Commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics Harry Anslinger.
* [[August 5]] – The [[Soviet Union]] commences one of the largest campaigns of the [[Great Purge]], to "eliminate anti-Soviet elements". Within the following year, at least 724,000 people are fired{{citation needed|date=October 2012}} on order of the [[NKVD troika|troikas]], directed by [[Joseph Stalin]]. This is an offensive that targets social classes (such as the [[kulak]]s or nobles) and Stalin's personal opponents from the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Communist Party]] and their sympathizers. 
* [[August 6]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: Falangist artillery bombards [[Madrid]].
* [[August 8]] – Japan occupies Beijing.
* [[August 9]] – The [[Polish Operation of the NKVD (1937–38)]] is signed by [[Nikolai Yezhov]] as a continuation of the [[Great Purge]].
* [[August 13]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: The [[Battle of Shanghai]] opens.
* [[August 24]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: The government of the autonomous [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque Country]] agrees to surrender to the nationalists.
* [[August 26]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: Japanese aircraft attack the car carrying the ambassador of Great Britain during a raid on Shanghai. 
* [[August 28]]- [[Toyota]] was incorporated and founded on this day. 

===September===
{{Main|September 1937}}
[[File:Dean Franklin - 06.04.03 Mount Rushmore Monument (by-sa)-3 new.jpg|thumb|[[September 17]]: [[Abraham Lincoln|Lincoln]]'s head is dedicated at [[Mount Rushmore]].]]
* [[September 2]] – The [[1937 Great Hong Kong typhoon|Great Hong Kong Typhoon]] kills an estimated 11,000 persons.
* [[September 5]]
** [[Roberto María Ortiz|Roberto Ortiz]] is elected president of [[Argentina]].
** [[Spanish Civil War]]: The city of [[Llanes]] falls to the Falangists.
* [[September 7]] – [[CBS]] broadcasts a two-and-a-half hour memorial concert nationwide on radio in memory of George Gershwin, live from the [[Hollywood Bowl]]. Many celebrities appear, including [[Oscar Levant]], [[Fred Astaire]], [[Otto Klemperer]], [[Lily Pons]] and members of the original cast of ''[[Porgy and Bess]]''. The concert is recorded and released complete years later in what is excellent sound for its time, on [[CD]]. The [[Los Angeles Philharmonic]] is the featured orchestra.
* [[September 10]] – Nine nations meet in the [[Nyon Conference]], led by the United Kingdom and France, to address international [[piracy]] in the Mediterranean.
* [[September 17]] – [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s head is dedicated at [[Mount Rushmore]].
* [[September 19]] – Swiss professional [[ice hockey]] club [[HC Ambrì-Piotta]] is founded.
* [[September 21]] – George Allen & Unwin, Ltd. of London publishes the first edition of [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s ''[[The Hobbit]]''.
* [[September 25]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] - [[Battle of Pingxingguan]]: The Communist Chinese [[Eighth Route Army]] defeats the Japanese.
* [[September 27]] – The last recorded [[Bali tiger]] dies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lairweb.org.nz/tiger/bali.html|title=The Balinese Tiger|author=Loadstar}}</ref>
* [[September 30]] – [[Hedy Lamarr]], an Austrian-born actress of Jewish descent, arrives in [[New York City]] to flee from her possessive husband, [[Friedrich Mandl]], who made arms agreements with the Nazis, and to begin her Hollywood career.<ref>{{cite book|first=Stephen Michael|last=Shearer|year=2010|title=Beautiful: The Life of Hedy Lamarr|publisher=Thomas Dunne Books|pages=52–56|isbn=978-1-250-04183-8}}</ref>

===October===
{{Main|October 1937}}
* [[October 1]] – The [[Marihuana Tax Act of 1937|Marihuana Tax Act]] becomes law in the United States.
* [[October 2]]–[[October 8|8]] – [[Parsley Massacre]]: Under the orders of President [[Rafael Trujillo]], Dominican troops kill thousands of [[Haitians]] living in the [[Dominican Republic]].
* [[October 3]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: Japanese troops advance toward [[Nanjing]], capital of the [[Republic of China (1912–49)|Republic of China]].
* [[October 5]] – [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] gives his famous ''[[Quarantine Speech]]'' in Chicago.
* [[October 9]] – [[Jimmie Angel]] lands his plane on top of Devil's Mountain; however, the plane gets damaged, and he has to trek through the rainforest for help.
* [[October 11]] – [[Duke and Duchess of Windsor's 1937 tour of Germany]]: The [[Edward VIII|Duke]] and [[Wallis Simpson|Duchess]] of Windsor arrive in Berlin to begin a 12-day tour of Nazi Germany, meeting Adolf Hitler on the 22nd.
* [[October 13]] – Germany, in a note to [[Brussels]], guarantees the inviolability and integrity of Belgium so long as the latter abstains from military action against Germany.
* [[October 15]] – [[Ernest Hemingway]]'s novel ''[[To Have and Have Not]]'' is first published, in the United States.
* [[October 18]]–[[October 21|21]] – [[Spanish Civil War]]: The whole Spanish northern seaboard falls into the Falangists' hands; [[Second Spanish Republic|Republic]]an forces in [[Gijón]], Spain, set fire to petrol reserves prior to retreating before the advancing [[Falangists]].
* [[October 23]] – [[1937 Australian federal election]]: [[Joseph Lyons]]' [[United Australia Party|UAP]]/[[National Party of Australia|Country]] [[Coalition (Australia)|Coalition]] [[Lyons government|government]] is re-elected with a slightly increased majority, defeating the [[Australian Labor Party|Labor Party]] led by [[John Curtin]].
* [[October 25]] – [[Celâl Bayar]] forms the new (ninth) government of Turkey.

===November===
{{Main|November 1937}}
* [[November 5]] – [[World War II]]: In the [[Reich Chancellery]], [[Adolf Hitler]] holds a secret meeting and states his plans for acquiring "living space" for the German people (recorded in the [[Hossbach Memorandum]]).
* [[November 6]] – Italy joins the [[Anti-Comintern Pact]].
* [[November 9]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: Japanese troops take Shanghai.
* [[November 10]] – Brazilian president [[Getúlio Vargas]] announces the [[Estado Novo (Brazil)|Estado Novo]] ("New State"), thence becoming [[dictator]] of [[Brazil]] until [[1945]].
* [[November 11]] – The Kogushi Sulfur Mine collapse, in western [[Gunma]], Japan, kills at least 245 people.

===December===
{{Main|December 1937}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| image1            = Snow white 1937 trailer screenshot (2).jpg
| image2            = Walt Disney Snow white 1937 trailer screenshot (13).jpg
| image3            = Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (Original Theatrical Trailer 1) 1937 (La Blancaneu).ogv
| image4            = Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (Original Theatrical Trailer 2) 1937 (La Blancaneu).ogv
| footer            = [[December 21]]: [[Walt Disney]]'s ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'' is released, the world's first full-length animated feature film, the first Disney film, and the first film to feature a [[Disney Princess]]. The top image shows the [[Seven Dwarfs]] singing "[[Heigh-Ho]]" while walking on a [[Trunk (botany)|log]]. The second top image shows [[Walt Disney]] introducing the Seven Dwarfs in the trailer and the bottom images are the trailers.
}}

* [[December 1]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: The [[Battle of Nanjing]] begins.
* [[December 4]] – ''[[The Dandy]]'' [[Comic book|comic]] is first published in Scotland; it continued until 2012 as a physical publication, then online until 2013.
* [[December 11]] – Italy withdraws from the [[League of Nations]].
* [[December 12]]
** [[USS Panay incident|USS ''Panay'' incident]]: Japanese bombers sink the American gunboat {{USS|Panay|PR-5|6}} on the [[Yangtze]] in China; the United States accepts the Japanese statement that this was unintentional.
** [[Mae West]] makes a risqué guest appearance on [[NBC]]'s ''[[Chase and Sanborn Hour]]'', which eventually results in her being banned from radio.
* [[December 13]] – [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: The [[Battle of Nanjing]] ends with the Japanese occupying the city. In the [[Nanjing Massacre]] which follows, Japanese soldiers kill over 200,000 Chinese in 3 months. A few days previously, the [[Nationalist government]] of China had moved its capital to the southwestern city [[Chongqing]].
* [[December 16]] – The original production of the musical ''[[Me and My Girl]]'' opens at the [[Victoria Palace Theatre]], in London's [[West End theatre|West End]]. A later revival will win an award.
* [[December 21]] – [[Walt Disney]]'s ''[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs]]'', the world's first feature-length [[Traditional animation|cel animated]] film, premieres at the [[Carthay Circle Theatre]] in [[Los Angeles]].
* [[December 25]] – At the age of 70, conductor [[Arturo Toscanini]] conducts the [[NBC Symphony Orchestra]] on radio for the first time, beginning his successful 17-year tenure with that orchestra. This first concert consists of music by [[Antonio Vivaldi|Vivaldi]] (at a time when he is seldom played), [[Mozart]], and [[Brahms]]. Millions tune in to listen, including U.S. President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]].
* [[December 29]] – The new [[Constitution of Ireland]] (''Bunreacht na hÉireann'') comes into force. The [[Irish Free State]] becomes "[[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]", and [[Éamon de Valera]] becomes the first [[Taoiseach]] (prime minister) of the new state. A [[Presidential Commission (Ireland)|Presidential Commission]] (made up the Chief Justice, the Speaker of Dáil Éireann, and the President of the High Court) assumes the powers of the new presidency, pending the popular election of the first [[President of Ireland]] in June 1938. The new constitution prohibits [[divorce]].

===Date unknown===
* Switzerland begins construction of its [[Border Line (Switzerland)|Border Line]] defences.
* The [[Vibora Luviminda]] sugar plantation trade unions strike on [[Maui]] island, Hawaii.
* Italian psychiatrist [[Amarro Fiamberti]] is the first to document a transorbital approach to the brain, which becomes the basis for the controversial medical procedure of [[transorbital lobotomy]].
* [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] industry produces about four times as much as it had in [[1928]].
* The Allen Organ Company, builder of church, home and theatre organs, is founded in Macungie, Pennsylvania.
* [[Slavery in Bahrain]] is abolished.

==Births==
{{BDToC|births}}

===January===
[[File:Shirley Bassey (1971).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Shirley Bassey]]]]
[[File:Nadia lotfy (cropped).png|thumb|100px|[[Nadia Lutfi]]]]
[[File:John Hume 2008.jpg|thumb|100px|[[John Hume]]]]
[[File:Vanessa Redgrave Cannes 2016.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Vanessa Redgrave]]]]
<!--[[File:Suzanne Pleshette - 1969.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Suzanne Pleshette]]]]-->
* [[January 1]] &ndash; [[Philip Akot Akok Kiir]], South Sudanese pastor, former educator and politician<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.amnesty.org/es/documents/afr54/007/1992/es/ | title=Fear of torture | publisher=Amnesty International | date=25 February 1992 | accessdate=September 9, 2012}}</ref>
* [[January 3]]
** [[Nadia Lutfi]], Egyptian actress (d. [[2020]])
* [[January 4]]
** [[Grace Bumbry]], African American opera singer (d. [[2023]])
** [[Dyan Cannon]], American actress, film director and screenwriter
* [[January 6]] 
** [[Paolo Conte]], Italian singer, pianist and composer
** [[Harri Holkeri]], 36th Prime Minister of Finland (d. [[2011]])
* [[January 8]] – Dame [[Shirley Bassey]], Welsh singer
* [[January 13]] – [[Ati George Sokomanu]], [[President of Vanuatu]]
* [[January 15]] – [[Margaret O'Brien]], American child actress
* [[January 16]] – [[Francis George]], American cardinal (d. [[2015]])
* [[January 18]]
** [[Yukio Endō]], Japanese gymnast (d. [[2009]])
** [[John Hume]], Northern Irish politician, [[Nobel Peace Prize]] laureate (d. [[2020]])
* [[January 19]]
** [[Princess Birgitta of Sweden]] (d. [[2024]])
** [[Joseph Nye]], American political scientist (d. [[2025]])
* [[January 21]] – [[Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria]], heir to the Bavarian Royal House
* [[January 22]] – [[Joseph Wambaugh]], American author (d. [[2025]])
* [[January 25]] – [[Ange-Félix Patassé]], 5th [[President of Central African Republic]] (d. [[2011]])
* [[January 30]]
** [[Vanessa Redgrave]], British actress
** [[Boris Spassky]], Russian chess grandmaster (d. [[2025]])
* [[January 31]]
** [[Philip Glass]], American composer
** [[Suzanne Pleshette]], American actress (d. [[2008]])

===February===
[[File:Rupiah Banda.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Rupiah Banda]]]]
[[File:King Harald V 2021.jpg|thumb|122x122px|[[Harald V of Norway]]]]<!--[[File:Nancy Wilson (1968).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Nancy Wilson (jazz singer)|Nancy Wilson]]]]-->
* [[February 1]] – [[Don Everly]], American rock and roll singer and musician (d. [[2021]])<ref>{{cite book | last = Marco | first = Guy | title = Encyclopedia of recorded sound in the United States | publisher = Garland Pub | location = New York | year = 1993 | isbn = 9780824047825 | page=253}}</ref>
* [[February 2]]
** [[Tom Smothers]], American musician, comedian ([[The Smothers Brothers]]) (d. [[2023]])
** [[Eric Arturo Delvalle]], Panamanian lawyer (d. [[2015]])
* [[February 4]] – [[Magnar Solberg]], Norwegian biathlete
* [[February 5]] – [[Gaston Roelants]], Belgian Olympic athlete<ref>{{cite book | last = Quercetani | first = Roberto | title = World History of Hurdle and Steeplechase Racing Men and Women | publisher = Gardners Books | location = City | year = 2009 | isbn = 9788895684291 | page=49}}</ref>
* [[February 8]] – [[Harry Wu]], Chinese human rights activist (d. [[2016]])
* [[February 9]] – [[Fazle Haque]], Bengali state minister<ref name=bio>{{cite book|title=Who's Who in India|page=229|publisher=[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]|year=2006}}</ref>
* [[February 10]] – [[Roberta Flack]], African-American singer (d. [[2025]])
* [[February 11]] – [[Bill Lawry]], Australian cricketer
* [[February 12]] – [[Charles Dumas]], American athlete (d. [[2004]])
* [[February 13]] – [[Rupiah Banda]], 4th [[President of Zambia]] (d. [[2022]])
* [[February 20]]
** [[Robert Huber]], German chemist and [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel]] laureate
** [[Nancy Wilson (jazz singer)|Nancy Wilson]], African-American singer and actress (d. [[2018]])
* [[February 21]]
** [[Ron Clarke]], Australian runner (d. [[2015]])
** King [[Harald V of Norway]]<ref>{{cite book | last = Allison | first = Ronald | title = The Royal encyclopedia | publisher = Macmillan Press | location = London | year = 1991 | isbn = 9780333538104 | page=240}}</ref>
** [[Jilly Cooper]], English author (d. [[2025]])
* [[February 25]]
** Sir [[Tom Courtenay]], English actor
** [[Nazario Pardini]], Italian poet, essayst and journalist

===March===
[[File:Olusegun Obasanjo 2014.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Olusegun Obasanjo]]]]
<!--[[File:Benny "the kid" Paret in fighting pose before his death.jpeg|thumb|100px|[[Benny Paret]]]]-->
[[File:Warren Beatty.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Warren Beatty]]]]
[[File:Tereshkova Space Suit.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Valentina Tereshkova]]]]
* [[March 2]] – [[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]], [[President of Algeria]] (d. [[2021]])
* [[March 3]] – [[Bobby Driscoll]], American child actor and voice actor (d. [[1968]])
* [[March 4]]
** [[Graham Dowling]], New Zealand cricketer
** [[Yuri Senkevich]], Russian cosmonaut (d. [[2003]])
* [[March 5]] – [[Olusegun Obasanjo]], [[President of Nigeria]]
* [[March 6]] – [[Valentina Tereshkova]], Russian cosmonaut, first woman in space
* [[March 8]] – [[Juvénal Habyarimana]], 3rd [[President of Rwanda]] (d. [[1994]])
* [[March 9]] – [[Paciano Aniceto]], Archbishop-emeritus of [[Archdiocese of San Fernando]].
* [[March 14]] – [[Benny Paret]], Cuban welterweight boxer (d. [[1962]])
* [[March 15]] – [[Valentin Rasputin]], Russian writer (d. [[2015]])
* [[March 18]] 
** [[Aleksei Zasukhin]], Soviet boxer (d. [[1996]])
** [[Rudi Altig]], German road racing cyclist (d. [[2016]])
* [[March 22]]
** [[Armin Hary]], German athlete
** [[Foo Foo Lammar]], British drag queen (d. [[2003]])
** [[Peter Vogel (actor)|Peter Vogel]], German film actor (d. [[1978]])
* [[March 23]] – [[Tony Burton]], American actor (d. [[2016]])
* [[March 24]] – [[Lloyd Erskine Sandiford]], 4th Prime Minister of Barbados (d. [[2023]])
* [[March 26]] – [[Prince Karl of Hesse]], German prince (d. [[2022]])
* [[March 29]] 
** [[Billy Carter]], American farmer, businessman, brewer, and politician (d. [[1988]])
** [[Smarck Michel]], 6th Prime Minister of Haiti (d. [[2012]])
* [[March 30]] – [[Warren Beatty]], American actor and director
* [[March 31]] - [[Robert Ackerman (politician)|Robert Ackerman]], American lawyer and politician (d. [[2022]])

===April===
<!--[[File:Colin Powell official Secretary of State photo.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Colin Powell]]]]-->
<!--[[File:MerleHaggardJun09.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[Merle Haggard]]]]-->
[[File:Billy Dee Williams 2016.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Billy Dee Williams]]]]
[[File:JosephEstradajf1486.JPG|thumb|100px|[[Joseph Estrada]]]]
<!--[[File:George Takei by Gage Skidmore 3.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Takei]]]]-->
[[File:Jack Nicholson 2001.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jack Nicholson]]]]
[[File:Saddam Hussein in 1998.png|thumb|100px|[[Saddam Hussein]]]]
* [[April 1]]
** [[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]], Indian politician, 12th [[Vice President of India]]
** [[Yılmaz Güney]], [[Palme d'Or]] award-winning Kurdish film director, scenarist, actor, novelist and activist (d. [[1984]])
* [[April 4]] – [[Obed Dlamini]], 6th Prime Minister of Swaziland (d. [[2017]])
* [[April 5]]
** [[Maryanne Trump Barry]], American attorney (d. [[2023]])
** [[Colin Powell]], American politician (d. [[2021]])
** [[Guido Vildoso]], 59th [[President of Bolivia]]
* [[April 6]]
** [[Merle Haggard]], American country musician (d. [[2016]])
** [[Billy Dee Williams]], African-American actor
* [[April 10]] – [[Bella Akhmadulina]], Russian poet (d. [[2010]])
* [[April 17]] – [[Ferdinand Piëch]], Austrian engineer, business magnate (d. [[2019]])
* [[April 19]]
** [[Antonio Carluccio]], Italian-born restaurateur (d. [[2017]])
** [[Joseph Estrada]], Filipino actor and politician, 13th [[President of the Philippines]]
* [[April 20]] – [[George Takei]], Japanese-American actor, director and author (''[[Star Trek]]'')
* [[April 22]] – [[Jack Nicholson]], American film actor and director
* [[April 24]]
** [[Viktor Zubkov]], Russian basketball player (d. [[2016]])
** [[Joe Henderson]], American jazz tenor saxophonist (d. [[2001]])
* [[April 26]] – [[Jean-Pierre Beltoise]], French racing driver (d. [[2015]])
* [[April 27]] – [[Sandy Dennis]], American actress (d. [[1992]])
* [[April 28]] – [[Saddam Hussein]], 5th [[President of Iraq]] (d. [[2006]])

===May===
[[File:George Carlin 1975 (Little David Records) Publicity.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Carlin]]]]
[[File:Yvonne Craig Batgirl.JPG|100px|thumb|[[Yvonne Craig]]]]
[[File:Mengistu Haile Mariam 3.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]]]
* [[May 2]] – [[Lorenzo Music]], American actor, voice actor, writer, producer and musician (d. [[2001]])
* [[May 4]] – [[Dick Dale]], American guitarist (d. [[2019]])
* [[May 5]] – [[Trần Đức Lương]], 5th [[President of Vietnam]] (d. [[2025]])
* [[May 6]] – [[Rubin Carter|Rubin "Hurricane" Carter]], African-American boxer (d. [[2014]])
* [[May 8]]
** [[Carlos Gaviria Díaz]], Colombian justice, politician
** [[Thomas Pynchon]], American writer
* [[May 9]] – [[Rafael Moneo]], Spanish architect
* [[May 11]] – [[Ildikó Újlaky-Rejtő]], Hungarian Olympic and world champion foil fencer
* [[May 12]] – [[George Carlin]], American stand-up comedian (d. [[2008]])
* [[May 13]] – [[Roger Zelazny]], American writer (d. [[1995]])
* [[May 15]]
** [[Madeleine Albright]], Czech-born American politician and diplomat (d. [[2022]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Madeleine Albright obituary |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/mar/23/madeleine-albright-obituary |website=the Guardian |access-date=24 March 2022 |language=en |date=23 March 2022}}</ref>
** [[Trini Lopez]], American singer, guitarist, and actor (d. [[2020]])
* [[May 16]]
** [[Yvonne Craig]], American actress (''[[Batman (TV series)|Batman]]'') (d. [[2015]])
** [[Robert B. Wilson]], American economist, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate
* [[May 18]] – [[Jacques Santer]], Luxembourg politician, 20th [[Prime Minister of Luxembourg]]
* [[May 20]] – [[Peter von Matt]], Swiss [[philologist]] and author (d. [[2025]])<ref name="g892">{{cite web | title="Getrennt schreiben, gemeinsam besprechen" | website=St. Galler Tagblatt | date=13 April 2018 | url=https://www.tagblatt.ch/kultur/getrennt-schreiben-gemeinsam-besprechen-ld.162899 | language=de | access-date=22 April 2025}}</ref>
* [[May 21]]
** [[Ricardo Alarcón]], Cuban politician (d. [[2022]])<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2022/05/02/ricardoa-alarcon-cuba-dead-murio/ Ricardo Alarcón, powerful Cuban foreign minister, dies at 84]</ref>
** [[Sofiko Chiaureli]], Georgian actress (d. [[2008]])
** [[Mengistu Haile Mariam]], [[President of Ethiopia]]
* [[May 22]] – [[Facundo Cabral]], Argentine singer (d. [[2011]])
* [[May 26]]– [[Henry I. Smith]], American inventor and physicist

===June===
[[File:Morgan Freeman Deauville 2018.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Morgan Freeman]]]]
[[File:Simeon II of Bulgaria.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha|Simeon II]]]]
[[File:Martti Ahtisaari, tidigare president Finland och mottagare av Nobels fredrspris (2).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Martti Ahtisaari]]]]
* [[June 1]] 
** [[Morgan Freeman]], African-American actor
** [[Colleen McCullough]], Australian author (d. [[2015]])
** [[Ezio Pascutti]], Italian footballer (d. [[2017]])
* [[June 7]] – [[Neeme Järvi]], Estonian conductor
* [[June 8]] – [[Bruce McCandless II]], American astronaut (d. [[2017]])	
* [[June 11]] – [[Robin Warren]], Australian pathologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (d. [[2024]])
* [[June 12]] – [[Vladimir Arnold]], Soviet-Russian mathematician (d. [[2010]])
* [[June 13]] – [[Raj Reddy]], Indian computer scientist
* [[June 15]] – [[Waylon Jennings]], American country singer (d. [[2002]])
* [[June 16]] 
** [[Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha]], [[Tsar of Bulgaria]] (1943–1946), 48th [[Prime Minister of Bulgaria]] (2001–2005)
** [[Erich Segal]], American author, screenwriter, and educator (d. [[2010]])
* [[June 18]]
** [[Ronald Venetiaan]], 6th and 8th [[President of Suriname]]
** [[Vitaly Zholobov]], Soviet cosmonaut
* [[June 19]] – [[André Glucksmann]], French philosopher, author (d. [[2015]])
* [[June 23]] – [[Martti Ahtisaari]], 10th [[President of Finland]], recipient of the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] (d. [[2023]])
* [[June 25]]
** [[Nawaf Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah]], Emir of Kuwait (d. [[2023]])
** [[Keizō Obuchi]], 54th [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (d. [[2000]])
* [[June 26]] – [[Robert Coleman Richardson]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[2013]])

===July===
[[File:H.M. Queen Sonja Oslo Jazzfestival 2017 (181611) (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Queen Sonja of Norway]]]]
[[File:Lionel Jospin, mai 2014, Rennes, France (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Lionel Jospin]]]]
[[File:Ryutaro Hashimoto cropped 1 Ryutaro Hashimoto 19960111.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ryutaro Hashimoto]]]]
* [[July 2]] – [[Richard Petty]], American stock car racer, 7-time [[NASCAR Winston Cup]] champion
* [[July 3]]
** [[Hacen Mefti]], Algerian politician
** [[Hiroko Mori]], Micronesian politician<ref>{{Cite book |last=Simon-McWilliams |first=Ethel |url=https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED280923.pdf |title=Glimpses into Pacific Lives: Some Outstanding Women (Revised) |publisher=Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory |year=1987 |editor-last=Green |editor-first=Karen Reed |edition=2nd |location=Portland |pages=80–81}}</ref>
** [[Tom Stoppard]], Czech-born British playwright and screenwriter
* [[July 4]] – [[Queen Sonja of Norway]]
* [[July 5]] – [[Jo de Roo]], Dutch road racing cyclist
* [[July 6]]
** [[Vladimir Ashkenazy]], Russian pianist
** [[Ned Beatty]], American actor (d. [[2021]])<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vigdor |first1=Neil |title=Ned Beatty, Actor Known for 'Network' and 'Deliverance,' Dies at 83 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/13/arts/ned-beatty-dead.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=14 June 2021 |date=2021-06-14}}</ref>
** [[Michael Sata]], 5th [[President of Zambia]] (d. [[2014]])
* [[July 7]] 
** [[Giovanni Arrighi]], Italian economist, sociologist and world-systems analyst (d. [[2009]])
** [[Lars-Erik Larsson (rower)|Lars-Erik Larsson]], Swedish rowing coxswain
** [[Nanami Shiono]], Japanese author, novelist
** [[Tung Chee-hwa]], Hong Kong businessman and politician
* [[July 9]] – [[David Hockney]], English-born artist
* [[July 12]]
** [[Bill Cosby]], African-American actor, comedian, educator and convicted sex offender
** [[Lionel Jospin]], [[Prime Minister of France]]
* [[July 14]] – [[Yoshirō Mori]], 55th [[Prime Minister of Japan]]
* [[July 17]] – [[Jaberi Bidandi Ssali]], Ugandan politician, businessman
* [[July 18]]
** [[Roald Hoffmann]], Polish-born chemist and [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel]] laureate<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1981/hoffmann/biographical/|title=Roald Hoffmann - Biographical|website=nobelprize.org|access-date=June 2, 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204142324/http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/laureates/1981/hoffmann-autobio.html|archive-date=December 4, 2008|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
** [[Hunter S. Thompson]], American author and journalist (d. [[2005]])
* [[July 22]] – [[Adrienne Hill]], British actress appeared in [[199 Park Lane]] and [[Doctor Who]] (d. [[1997]])
* [[July 24]] – [[Manoj Kumar]], Indian actor and director (d. [[2025]])	
* [[July 27]] – [[Mirko Marjanović]], 63rd Prime Minister of Serbia (d. [[2006]])
* [[July 29]] 
** [[Ryutaro Hashimoto]], 53rd [[Prime Minister of Japan]] (d. [[2006]])
** [[Daniel McFadden]], American economist and [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel]] laureate

===August===
[[File:Manuel Pinto da Costa.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Manuel Pinto da Costa]]]]
[[File:Dustin Hoffman Cannes 2017.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Dustin Hoffman]]]]
* [[August 2]] – [[María Duval (Mexican actress)|María Duval]], Mexican actress and singer
* [[August 3]] – [[Andrés Gimeno]], Spanish tennis player (d. [[2019]])
* [[August 5]] – [[Manuel Pinto da Costa]], Santoméan politician, 1st [[List of Presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe|President of São Tomé and Príncipe]]
* [[August 6]] – [[Charlie Haden]], American jazz bassist (d. [[2014]])
* [[August 8]] 
** [[Dustin Hoffman]], American actor, director (''[[The Graduate]]'')
** [[S. Dhanabalan]], Singaporean politician
* [[August 11]] – [[Dieter Kemper]], German cyclist (d. [[2018]])
* [[August 15]] – [[Bounnhang Vorachith]], 14th Prime Minister, 6th President of Laos
* [[August 18]] – [[Jean Alingué Bawoyeu]], [[Chad]]ian politician, former Prime Minister
* [[August 21]]
** [[Donald Dewar]], [[First Minister of Scotland]] (d. [[2000]])<ref>{{cite web |last1=MacAskill |first1=Ewen |title=Donald Dewar |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2000/oct/11/scotlanddevolution.devolution7 |website=The Guardian |access-date=16 February 2023 |date=11 October 2000 |archive-date=9 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140509053911/http://www.theguardian.com/politics/2000/oct/11/scotlanddevolution.devolution7 |url-status=live}}</ref>
** [[Gustavo Noboa]], [[President of Ecuador]] (d. [[2021]])
* [[August 22]]
** [[Rima Melati]], Indonesian actress and singer (d. [[2022]])<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1605006/indonesias-veteran-actress-rima-melati-passes-away-at-84|title=Indonesia's Veteran Actress Rima Melati Passes Away at 84|first=Laila|last=Afifa|date=June 23, 2022|website=Tempo}}</ref>
** [[Francesco Musso]], Italian Olympic boxer
* [[August 26]] – [[Gennady Yanayev]], former Soviet leader (d. [[2010]])
* [[August 27]] – [[Alice Coltrane]], African-American jazz harpist, organist, pianist and composer (d. [[2007]])
* [[August 30]] – [[Bruce McLaren]], New Zealand founder of McLaren Racing (d. [[1970]])<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Automobile Quarterly|title=Bruce McLaren|volume=40|issue=4|year=2000|page=72}}</ref>

===September===
[[File:Pinto Balsemao.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Francisco Pinto Balsemão]]]]
[[File:Fernando de la Rúa con bastón y banda de presidente.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Fernando de la Rúa]]]]
* [[September 1]] – [[Francisco Pinto Balsemão]], Portuguese politician, 111th [[Prime Minister of Portugal]] (d. [[2025]])
* [[September 4]] – [[Dawn Fraser]], Australian swimmer
* [[September 5]] – [[Antonio Angelillo]], Italian-Argentine footballer (d. [[2018]])
* [[September 6]] – [[Jo Anne Worley]], American Actress, Comedienne and singer
* [[September 7]] – [[John Phillip Law]], American actor (d. [[2008]])
* [[September 9]] &ndash; [[Alí Rodríguez Araque]], Venezuelan politician, lawyer and diplomat (d. [[2018]])
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Jared Diamond]], American geographer, anthropologist, and author
* [[September 11]] – [[Paola Ruffo di Calabria]], Italian-born Queen of the Belgians
* [[September 12]] – [[Henri Lopes]], [[Republic of the Congo|Congolese]] politician, 5th [[List of heads of government of the Republic of the Congo|Prime Minister of Congo-Brazzaville]] (d. [[2023]])
* [[September 15]]
** [[Robert Lucas Jr.]], American economist and [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel]] laureate (d. [[2023]])
** [[Fernando de la Rúa]], Argentine politician, 43rd [[President of Argentina]] (d. [[2019]])
* [[September 20]] – [[Monica Zetterlund]], Swedish singer and actress (d. [[2005]])
* [[September 25]] – [[Ezra Dotan]], Israeli fighter pilot and flying ace (d. [[1981]])
* [[September 26]] – [[Jerry Weintraub]], American film producer and talent agent (d. [[2015]])
* [[September 28]] – [[Bob Schul]], American Olympic athlete (d. [[2024]])
* [[September 30]] – [[Daniel Filho]], Brazilian film producer, director, actor, and screenwriter

===October===
[[File:Jackie Collins.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Jackie Collins]]]]
[[File:Bobby Charlton.jpg|100px|thumb|[[Bobby Charlton]]]]
* [[October 2]] – [[Johnnie Cochran]], African-American attorney (d. [[2005]])
* [[October 4]]
** [[Jackie Collins]], English author (d. [[2015]])
** [[Franz Vranitzky]], 19th [[Chancellor of Austria]]
* [[October 11]] – [[Bobby Charlton]], English footballer (d. [[2023]])
* [[October 19]] – [[Teresa Ciepły]], Polish Olympic athlete (d. [[2006]])
* [[October 20]] – [[Wanda Jackson]], American singer, songwriter, pianist and guitarist
* [[October 21]] – [[Édith Scob]], French film and theatre actress (d. [[2019]])
* [[October 22]] – [[Kader Khan]], Afghan-born Indian-Canadian film actor, screenwriter, comedian, and director (d. [[2018]])
* [[October 28]] – [[Lenny Wilkens]], American basketball player and coach (d. [[2025]])<ref>{{cite book | last = LaBlanc | first = Michael | title = Professional sports team histories | publisher = Gale Research | location = Detroit | year = 1994 | isbn = 9780810388604 | page=129}}</ref>
* [[October 30]]
** [[Claude Lelouch]], French film director, writer, cinematographer, actor and producer.
** [[Ashaari Mohammad]], Malaysian spiritual leader (d. [[2010]])
* [[October 31]] – [[Tom Paxton]], American folk singer, songwriter

===November===
[[File:NASA Journey to Mars and “The Martian" (201508180030HQ).jpg|thumb|100px|Sir [[Ridley Scott]]]]
* [[November 4]] – [[Loretta Swit]], American actress (''[[M*A*S*H (TV series)|M*A*S*H]]'') (d. [[2025]])
* [[November 5]] – [[Chan Sek Keong]], third [[Chief Justice of Singapore]]
* [[November 8]] – [[Dragoslav Šekularac]], Serbian footballer and manager (d. [[2019]])
* [[November 15]] – [[Little Willie John]], African-American R&B singer (d. [[1968]])
* [[November 17]] – [[Peter Cook]], English comedian, writer and actor (d. [[1995]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Eero Mäntyranta]], Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (d. [[2013]])
* [[November 21]]
** [[Ingrid Pitt]], Polish-born British actress (d. [[2010]]) 
** [[Marlo Thomas]], American actress, producer and social activist (''[[That Girl]]'')
**[[Ferenc Kósa]], Hungarian film director (d. [[2018]])
* [[November 25]] – [[Serikbolsyn Abdildin]], Kazakh economist and politician (d. [[2019]])
* [[November 26]] – [[Boris Yegorov]], Russian cosmonaut (d. [[1994]])
* [[November 30]] – [[Ridley Scott]], British film director, producer

===December===
[[File:Jane Fonda Cannes 2015.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Jane Fonda]]]]
<!--[[File:Maumoon-Abdul-Gayoom.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]]]]-->
[[File:AnthonyHopkins10TIFF.jpg|thumb|100px|Sir [[Anthony Hopkins]]]]
* [[December 1]] – [[Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga]], [[President of Latvia]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Vaira Vike-Freiberga |url=https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/profiles/vaira-vike-freiberga |website=Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers |access-date=28 July 2021 |language=en |date=25 February 2020}}</ref>
* [[December 3]] – [[Francisco Xavier do Amaral]], 1st President of East Timor (d. [[2012]])
* [[December 6]] – [[Ramon Torrents]], Spanish artist
* [[December 8]]
** [[James MacArthur]], American actor (d. [[2010]])
** [[Arne Næss Jr.]], Norwegian mountaineer, businessman (d. [[2004]])
* [[December 12]] 
** [[Connie Francis]], American singer (d. [[2025]])
** [[Michael Jeffery (Australian Army officer)|Michael Jeffery]], 24th [[Governor-General of Australia]] (d. [[2020]])
* [[December 17]] – [[Sergio Jiménez]], Mexican actor (d. [[2007]])
* [[December 18]] – [[Sami-ul-Haq]], Pakistani cleric, politician (d. [[2018]])
* [[December 21]] – [[Jane Fonda]], American actress and activist<ref>{{cite web |title=Jane Fonda |url=https://www.britannica.com/explore/100women/profiles/jane-fonda |website=Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers |access-date=26 July 2021 |language=en |date=25 March 2020}}</ref>
* [[December 26]] – [[John Horton Conway]], English-born mathematician (d. [[2020]])
* [[December 28]] – [[Ratan Tata]], Indian industrialist (d. [[2024]]) 
* [[December 29]] – [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]], [[President of the Maldives]] (1978–2008)
* [[December 30]] – [[Gordon Banks]], English footballer (d. [[2019]])
* [[December 31]]
** [[Avram Hershko]], Israeli biologist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]]
** [[Anthony Hopkins]], Welsh actor
** [[Milutin Šoškić]], Serbian footballer (d. [[2022]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nova.rs/sport/fudbal/velika-tuga-preminuo-legendarni-golman-partizana/|title=Velika tuga: Preminuo legendarni Milutin Šoškić|date=August 27, 2022|website=NOVA portal}}</ref>

==Deaths==

===January===
[[File:Saint Andr%C3%A9 Bessette.jpg|thumb|100px|Saint [[André Bessette]]]]
* [[January 1]]
** [[Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati]], Indian spiritual teacher (b. [[1874]])
** [[John Gresham Machen]], American [[Presbyterian]] theologian (b. [[1881]])
* [[January 2]] – [[Ross Alexander]], American actor (b. [[1907]])
* [[January 5]]
** [[Alberto de Oliveira]], Brazilian poet (b. [[1857]])
** [[Ernst Löfström]], Finnish general of [[World War I]] (b. [[1865]])
* [[January 6]]
** [[André Bessette]], Canadian religious leader, saint (b. [[1845]])
** [[Albert Gleaves]], American admiral (b. [[1858]])
* [[January 13]] – [[Martin and Osa Johnson|Martin Johnson]], American adventurer, documentary filmmaker (plane crash) (b. [[1884]])
* [[January 15]] 
** [[Pietro Biginelli]], Italian chemist (b. [[1860]])
** [[Georges Hilaire Bousquet]], French scholar (b. [[1845]])
* [[January 16]] – [[Pyotr Bark]], Soviet statesman (b. [[1869]])
* [[January 17]] – [[Richard Boleslawski]], Polish film director (b. [[1889]])
* [[January 18]] – [[Jaime Hilario Barbal]], Spanish [[Roman Catholic]] religious professed and saint (executed) (b. [[1889]])
* [[January 21]]
** [[Yasin al-Hashimi]], Iraqi politician and 4th [[Prime Minister of Iraq]] (b. [[1884]])
** [[Marie Prevost]], Canadian actress (b. [[1896]])
* [[January 23]] – [[Orso Mario Corbino]], Italian physicist, politician (b. [[1876]])

===February===
[[File:George Hassell in Becky Sharp.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Hassell (actor)|George Hassell]]]]
* [[February 1]] – [[Asano Nagakoto]], Japanese diplomat, politician (b. [[1842]])
* [[February 2]] – [[Reinhold Hanisch]], Austrian politician, worker (b. [[1884]])
* [[February 5]]
** [[Lou Andreas-Salomé]], Russian-born writer (b. [[1861]])
** [[José Nicoletti Filho]], Italian revolutionary hero (b. [[1871]])
* [[February 7]] – [[Elihu Root]], American statesman, diplomat and [[Nobel Peace Prize]] recipient (b. [[1845]])
* [[February 11]]
** [[Walter Burley Griffin]], American architect, town planner (b. [[1876]])
** [[Vasily Gurko]], Russian general (b. [[1864]])
** [[Maria Luisa Josefa]], Mexican [[Roman Catholic]] nun and venerable (b. [[1866]])
** [[Peter of Jesus Maldonado]], Mexican priest, martyr and saint (b. [[1892]])
* [[February 14]] 
** [[Vicente Vilar David]], Spanish [[Roman Catholic]] priest, saint and martyr (killed in battle) (b. [[1889]])
** [[Erkki Melartin]], Finnish composer (b. [[1875]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fennicagehrman.fi/composers-works/melartin-erkki/|title=Melartin, Erkki (1875-1937): Fennica Gehrman - Finnish sheet music|website=www.fennicagehrman.fi}}</ref>
* [[February 17]] – [[George Hassell (actor)|George Hassell]], English actor (b. [[1881]])
* [[February 19]] – [[Horacio Quiroga]], Uruguayan writer (b. [[1878]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Horacio-Quiroga|title=Horacio Quiroga &#124; Biography, Books, & Facts &#124; Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=April 3, 2024 }}</ref>
* [[February 20]] – [[Percy Cox|Sir Percy Cox]], British army general and colonial administrator (b.[[1864]])
* [[February 24]]
** [[Vladimir Lipsky]], Soviet scientist, botanist (b. [[1863]])
** [[Beyene Merid]], Ethiopian military commander (b. [[1897]])
** [[Guy Standing (actor)|Sir Guy Standing]], British actor (b. [[1873]])
* [[February 27]]
** [[Douglas Carnegie]], British politician (b. [[1870]])
** [[Charles Donnelly (poet)|Charles Donnelly]], Irish poet (killed in battle) (b. [[1915]])

===March===
[[File:Conchita Cabrera de Armida2.jpg|thumb|100px|right|Blessed [[Concepcion Cabrera de Armida]]]]
[[File:H. P. Lovecraft, June 1934.jpg|thumb|100px|right|[[H. P. Lovecraft]]]]
[[File:Abdelhafid.jpg|thumb|100px|Sultan [[Abd al-Hafid of Morocco]]]]
[[File:Lucy Beaumont.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Lucy Beaumont (actress)|Lucy Beaumont]]]]
* [[March 6]] – [[John Ellis Martineau]], American politician (b. [[1873]])
* [[March 7]] – [[Concepción Cabrera de Armida]], Mexican [[Roman Catholic]] mystic and blessed (b. [[1862]])
* [[March 8]]
** [[Yuriy Kotsiubynsky]], Soviet politician, activist (b. [[1896]])
** [[Howie Morenz]], Canadian ice hockey player (b. [[1902]])
* [[March 9]] – [[Paul Elmer More]], American critic, essayist (b. [[1864]])
* [[March 11]] – [[Joseph S. Cullinan]], American oil industrialist, founder of ''[[Texaco]]'' (b. [[1860]])
* [[March 12]]
** [[Jenő Hubay]], Hungarian composer, violinist (b. [[1858]])
** [[Charles-Marie Widor]], French organist, composer (b. [[1844]])
* [[March 13]] – [[Elihu Thomson]], English-American engineer and inventor, co-founder of [[General Electric]] (b. [[1853]])
* [[March 15]] – [[H. P. Lovecraft]], American writer (b. [[1890]])
* [[March 16]] – [[Austen Chamberlain|Sir Austen Chamberlain]], British statesman, [[Nobel Peace Prize]] recipient (b. [[1863]])
* [[March 18]] 
** [[Mélanie Bonis]], French composer (b. [[1858]])
** [[Felix Graf von Bothmer]], German general (b. [[1852]])
** [[Julio Sanchez Gardel]], Argentine dramatist (b. [[1870]])
* [[March 20]]
** [[Arthur Bernède]], French writer, poet and playwright (b. [[1870]])
** [[Harry Vardon]], English golf professional (b. [[1870]])
* [[March 22]]
** [[Thorvald Aagaard]], Danish composer (b. [[1877]])
** [[Alfred Dyke Acland]], British military officer (b. [[1858]])
** [[Vladimir Maksimov (actor)|Vladimir Maksimov]], Soviet actor (b. [[1880]])
** [[Mary Russell, Duchess of Bedford]], British aviator, ornithologist (plane crash) (b. [[1865]])
* [[March 25]] – [[John Drinkwater (playwright)|John Drinkwater]], British poet, dramatist (b. [[1882]])
* [[March 27]] – [[Victor Gustav Bloede (chemist)|Victor Gustav Bloede]], Swedish chemist (b. [[1849]])
* [[March 28]] – [[Josef Klička]], Czechoslovak organist, violinist and composer (b. [[1855]])
* [[March 29]]
** [[Fyodor Keneman]], Soviet pianist, composer (b. [[1873]])
** [[Karol Szymanowski]], Polish composer (b. [[1882]])
** [[Kim You-jeong]], Korean novelist (b. [[1908]])
* [[March 31]] – [[Ahmed Izzet Pasha]], Turkish general (b. [[1864]])

===April===
[[File:NoelRosa.gif|thumb|100px|[[Noel Rosa]]]]
[[File:Afonso Costa - Março, 1921.png|thumb|100px|[[Afonso Costa]]]]
* [[April 2]] – [[Nathan Birnbaum]], Austrian writer, journalist (b. [[1864]])
* [[April 4]]
** Sultan [[Abd al-Hafid of Morocco]] (b. [[1875]])
** [[Maria Teresa Casini]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] nun and blessed (b. [[1864]])
* [[April 5]] – [[Jose Benlliure y Gil]], Spanish painter (b. [[1858]])
* [[April 6]] – [[Gyula Juhász (poet)|Gyula Juhász]], Hungarian poet (b. [[1883]])
* [[April 7]] – [[Helen Burgess]], American actress (b. [[1916]])
* [[April 8]] – [[Billy Bassett]], English association footballer (b. [[1869]])
* [[April 10]]
** [[Ralph Ince]], American film director (b. [[1887]])
** [[Shridhar Venkatesh Ketkar]], Indian sociologist, historian (b. [[1884]])
* [[April 14]] – [[Ned Hanlon (baseball)|Ned Hanlon]], American baseball manager, [[MLB Hall of Fame]]r (b. [[1857]])
* [[April 16]] – [[Jay Johnson Morrow]], American military engineer, politician and 3rd [[Governor of the Panama Canal Zone]] (b. [[1870]])
* [[April 19]]
** [[Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington]], British art critic, mountaineer (b. [[1856]])
** [[William Morton Wheeler]], American entomologist (b. [[1865]])
* [[April 20]]
** [[Gaston Chérau]], French journalist (b. [[1872]])
** [[Josef Mařatka]], Czech sculptor (b. [[1874]])
* [[April 21]] – [[Saima Harmaja]], Finnish poet (b. [[1913]])
* [[April 22]] – [[Arthur Edmund Carewe]], Armenian-American actor (b. [[1884]])
* [[April 23]] – [[Caroline Harris]], American actress (b. [[1867]])
* [[April 24]] – [[Lucy Beaumont (actress)|Lucy Beaumont]], British actress (b. [[1869]])
* [[April 25]] – [[Michał Drzymała]], Polish rebel (b. [[1857]])
* [[April 27]] – [[Antonio Gramsci]], Italian Communist writer, politician (b. [[1891]])
* [[April 29]] 
** [[Wallace Carothers]], American chemist, inventor of nylon (b. [[1896]])
** [[William Gillette]], American actor (b. [[1853]])

===May===
[[File:Portrait of J. D. Rockefeller.jpg|thumb|100px|[[John D. Rockefeller]]]]
[[File:Lizardo Garcia Sorrroza.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Lizardo García]]]]
[[File:Jean Harlow 1937.jpg|thumb|right|100px|[[Jean Harlow]]]]
* [[May 1]]
** [[Snitz Edwards]], Hungarian actor (b. [[1868]])
** [[Herbert Hughes (composer)|Herbert Hughes]], Irish composer (b. [[1882]])
* [[May 2]] – [[Takuji Iwasaki]], Japanese meteorologist (b. [[1869]])
* [[May 4]] – [[Noel Rosa]], Brazilian songwriter (b. [[1910]])
* [[May 5]]
** [[Camillo Berneri]], Italian philosopher, anarchist (b. [[1897]])
** [[C.K.G. Billings]], American horseman (b. [[1861]])
* [[May 7]] – [[Ernst A. Lehmann]], German captain of the ''[[LZ 129 Hindenburg|Hindenburg]]'' (b. [[1886]])<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1817&dat=19620505&id=RBgfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HJoEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7297,712296|title=The Day the Angels Lost Their Grip|author=Moody, Sid|date=6 May 1962|page=6|publisher=Tuscaloosa News|access-date=23 February 2014}}</ref>
* [[May 9]]
** [[Harry Barton (architect)|Harry Barton]], American architect (b. [[1876]])
** [[Maurice Conner]], Canadian politician (b. [[1868]])
* [[May 10]] – [[James Blindell|Sir James Blindell]], British politician (b. [[1884]])
* [[May 11]] 
** [[Afonso Costa]], Portuguese lawyer, professor, politician and 3-time [[Prime Minister of Portugal]] (b. [[1871]])
** [[Ellen Hansell]], American tennis champion (b. [[1869]])
* [[May 15]] – [[Percy Lee Gassaway]], American politician (b. [[1885]])
* [[May 23]] – [[John D. Rockefeller]], American industrialist, philanthropist (b. [[1839]])
* [[May 24]]
** [[Luis F. Álvarez]], Spanish physician (b. [[1853]])
** [[Francis Bird (architect)|Francis Bird]], Australian architect (b. [[1845]])
* [[May 25]] – [[Henry Ossawa Tanner]], American artist (b. [[1859]])
* [[May 26]] – [[Bertha May Crawford]], Canadian opera singer (b. [[1886]])
* [[May 28]] – [[Alfred Adler]], Austrian psychologist (b. [[1870]])
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Lizardo García]], 17th [[President of Ecuador]] (b. [[1844]])

===June===
[[File:Borden-sm.jpg|thumb|right|100px|[[Robert Borden|Robert Laird Borden]]]]
[[File:Gaston Doumergue.jpg|thumb|right|100px|[[Gaston Doumergue]]]]
[[File:James Matthew Barrie00.jpg|thumb|right|100px|[[J. M. Barrie]]]]
* [[June 2]] – [[Louis Vierne]], French composer (b. [[1870]])
* [[June 3]] – [[Emilio Mola]], Spanish Nationalist commander (plane crash) (b. [[1887]])
* [[June 4]]
** [[Fernand Cabrol]], French theologian (b. [[1855]])
** [[Keke Geladze]], mother of [[Joseph Stalin]], [[Leader of the Soviet Union]] (b. [[1858]])
* [[June 7]] – [[Jean Harlow]], American actress (b. [[1911]])
* [[June 10]]
** [[Jane Foss Barff]], American activist (b. [[1863]])
** [[Robert Borden|Sir Robert Borden]], Canadian lawyer, politician and 8th [[Prime Minister of Canada]] (b. [[1854]])
** [[Malcolm Williams (actor)|Malcolm Williams]], American actor (b. [[1870]])
* [[June 12]] – [[Mikhail Tukhachevsky]], Soviet Army officer, Red Army commander-in-chief and military theoretician (executed) (b. [[1893]])
* [[June 16]] – [[Alexander Chervyakov]], [[Leader of the Soviet Union]] (b. [[1892]])
* [[June 18]]
** [[Pierre Bodard]], French painter (b. [[1881]])
** [[Gaston Doumergue]], 60th [[Prime Minister of France]], 13th [[President of France]] (b. [[1863]])
* [[June 19]] – [[J. M. Barrie]], British novelist, dramatist (b. [[1860]])
* [[June 20]] – [[Andreu Nin Pérez]], Spanish politician (b. [[1892]])
* [[June 22]] – [[Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo]], Malagasy poet (b. [[1901]])<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Joseph-Rabearivelo|title=Jean-Joseph Rabéarivelo &#124; Modernist Poet, Surrealist Poet & French-Malagasy Poet &#124; Britannica|date=June 18, 2025|website=www.britannica.com}}</ref>
* [[June 25]]
** [[Colin Clive]], British actor (b. [[1900]])
** [[Marta Cunningham]], American opera singer (b. [[1869]])
* [[June 26]] – [[Minoru Murata]], Japanese actor, director and screenwriter (b. [[1894]])
* [[June 27]] – [[Sandro Akhmeteli]], Soviet director (b. [[1866]])
* [[June 28]] – [[Max Adler (Marxist)|Max Adler]], Austrian Marxist theorist (b. [[1873]])

===July===
[[File:George Gershwin 1937.jpg|thumb|100px|[[George Gershwin]]]]
[[File:Guglielmo Marconi.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Guglielmo Marconi]]]]
[[File:Nazzareno Formosa.jpg|thumb|100px|Reverend [[Nazzareno Formosa]]]]
[[File:BASA 1318K-1-5896 Serbian patriarch Varnava-Belgrade,14Dec1932.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Varnava, Serbian Patriarch]]]]
* [[July 1]]
** [[Ilya Garkavyi]], Soviet general (b. [[1888]])
** [[Matvei Vasilenko]], Soviet [[komkor]] (b. [[1888]])
* [[July 2]] – [[Amelia Earhart]], American aviator (missing on this date) (b. [[1897]]) 
* [[July 3]] – [[Boris Gorbachyov]], Soviet general (b. [[1892]])
* [[July 6]]
** [[Bohdan Ihor Antonych]], Soviet poet (b. [[1909]])
** [[Ernesto Badini]], Italian opera singer (b. [[1876]])
* [[July 7]] – [[Åke Hammarskjöld]], Swedish diplomat, lawyer (b. [[1893]])
* [[July 8]] – [[Diana Abgar]], Armenian diplomat (b. [[1859]])
* [[July 9]] – [[Oliver Law]], American labor organizer, Army officer (killed in Spanish Civil War) (b. [[1899]])
* [[July 10]] – [[Arthur Edmund Seaman]], American professor and museum curator (b. [[1858]])
* [[July 11]]
** [[George Gershwin]], American composer (b. [[1898]])
** [[Rodrigues Ottolengui]], American writer (b. [[1861]])
* [[July 12]] – [[Hugo Charteris, 11th Earl of Wemyss]], British politician, public servant (b. [[1857]])
* [[July 13]]
** [[Mykhailo Boychuk]], Soviet painter (b. [[1882]])
** [[Victor Laloux]], French architect (b. [[1850]])
* [[July 14]]
** [[Julius Meier]], American businessman, politician (b. [[1874]])
** [[Joseph Taylor Robinson]], American politician (b. [[1872]])
* [[July 15]] – [[Walter Gay]], American painter (b. [[1856]])
* [[July 16]] – [[Vladimir Kirillov]], Soviet poet (b. [[1889]])
* [[July 17]] 
** [[Annie Furuhjelm]], Finnish feminist activist, politician (b. [[1859]])
** [[Percy Gardner]], British archaeologist (b. [[1846]])
* [[July 18]] 
** [[Julian Bell]], British poet (killed in Spanish Civil War) (b. [[1908]])
** [[Grigol Giorgadze]], Soviet historian, jurist and politician (b. [[1879]])
* [[July 20]] – [[Guglielmo Marconi]], Italian-born American inventor (b. [[1874]])
* [[July 22]]
** [[Nazzareno Formosa]], American [[Roman Catholic]] priest and reverend (b. [[1901]])
** [[Paolo Iashvili]], Soviet poet (b. [[1894]])
* [[July 23]] – [[Varnava, Serbian Patriarch]] (b. [[1880]])
* [[July 31]] – [[Noë Bloch]], Soviet producer (b. [[1875]])

===August===
[[File:Alexander Hotovitsky.jpg|thumb|100px|Saint [[Alexander Hotovitzky]]]]
[[File:Pierre de Coubertin Anefo2.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Pierre de Coubertin]]]]
* [[August 5]] – [[Jean Louis Conneau]], French aviator (b. [[1880]])
* [[August 6]]
** [[Adeodato Barreto]], Portuguese poet (b. [[1905]])
** [[F. C. S. Schiller]], German-British philosopher (b. [[1864]])
* [[August 8]] – [[Martin Rázus]], Slovak poet, writer and politician (b. [[1888]])
* [[August 9]] – [[Na Woon-gyu]], Korean actor, director and screenwriter (b. [[1902]])
* [[August 11]] – [[Edith Wharton]], American writer (b. [[1862]])
* [[August 13]] – [[Sigizmund Levanevsky]], Soviet aircraft pilot (b. [[1902]])
* [[August 19]]
** [[Alexander Hotovitzky]], Russian [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] priest, missionary and saint (b. [[1872]])
** [[Asaichi Isobe]], Japanese army officer (b. [[1905]])
** [[Ivan Kataev]], Russian novelist, writer (b. [[1902]])
* [[August 22]]
** [[Owen Burns (developer)|Owen Burns]], American entrepreneur (b. [[1869]])
** [[Gelegdorjiin Demid]], Russian political military figure (b. [[1900]])
* [[August 24]] – [[Gervase Beckett]], British politician (b. [[1866]])
* [[August 26]]
** [[Christos Christovasilis]], Greek journalist, author (b. [[1861]])
** [[Andrew Mellon]], American banker, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury (b. [[1855]])
* [[August 30]]
** [[Gaetano Bisleti]], Italian cardinal (b. [[1856]])
** [[Tomás António Garcia Rosado]], Portuguese general (b. [[1854]])
*[[August 31]] – [[Ruth Baldwin (died 1937)|Ruth Baldwin]], British socialite (b. [[1905]])

===September===
[[File:Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1 Garrigue Masaryk 1925.PNG|thumb|100px|[[Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk]]]]
[[File:Bessie_Smith_(1936)_by_Carl_Van_Vechten.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Bessie Smith]]]]
[[File:Ray Ewry 1908b.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ray Ewry]]]]
* [[September 2]]
** [[Virendranath Chattopadhyaya]], Indian revolutionary hero (b. [[1880]])
** [[Pierre de Coubertin]], 2nd [[President of the International Olympic Committee]] (b. [[1863]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Pierre, baron de Coubertin {{!}} Biography, Olympics, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pierre-baron-de-Coubertin |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=15 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 3]] – [[François Guiguet]], French painter (b. [[1860]])
* [[September 4]]
** [[Daniel Alexander Cameron]], Canadian politician (b. [[1870]])
** [[Juan Campisteguy]], Uruguayan lawyer, soldier and 25th [[President of Uruguay]] (b. [[1859]])
* [[September 5]] – [[David Hendricks Bergey]], American bacteriologist (b. [[1860]])
* [[September 6]] – [[Harry Charles Purvis Bell]], British civil servant, commissioner (b. [[1851]])
* [[September 8]] – [[Frank Alexander (actor)|Frank Alexander]], American actor (b. [[1879]])
* [[September 9]] 
** [[Mikhail Diterikhs]], Russian general (b. [[1874]])
** [[Géza Horváth]], Hungarian doctor, entomologist (b. [[1847]])
* [[September 11]] – [[Nazmi Ziya Güran]], Turkish painter (b. [[1881]])
* [[September 13]] – [[Ellis Parker Butler]], American humorist (b. [[1869]])
* [[September 14]] – [[Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk]], Czechoslovak politician, sociologist, philosopher and 1st [[President of Czechoslovakia]] (b. [[1850]])
* [[September 15]]
** [[Anders Bundgaard]], Danish sculptor (b. [[1864]])
** [[Clifford Heatherley]], British actor (b. [[1888]])
* [[September 20]]
** [[Maksymilian Horwitz]], Polish socialist, communist activist (b. [[1877]])
** [[Lev Karakhan]], Soviet revolutionary hero, diplomat (b. [[1889]])
* [[September 23]] – [[Cleto González Víquez]], 18th and 26th [[President of Costa Rica]] (b. [[1858]])
* [[September 22]] – [[Ruth Roland]], American actress (b. [[1892]])
* [[September 26]]
** [[Bessie Smith]], African-American blues singer (b. [[1894]])
** [[Edward Filene]], [[United States|American]] businessman, [[philanthropist]] (b. [[1860]])
* [[September 27]] – [[Alikhan Bukeikhanov]], Kazakh statesman, politician, publicist, teacher, writer and Prime Minister of [[Alash Autonomy]] (b. [[1866]])
* [[September 29]] – [[Ray Ewry]], American Olympic athlete (b. [[1873]])

===October===
[[File:Kuni Taka.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Prince Kuni Taka]]]]
[[File:PeterPol.jpg|thumb|100px|Metropolitan [[Peter of Krutitsy]]]]
[[File:Ernest Rutherford LOC.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ernest Rutherford]]]]
* [[October 1]] – [[Prince Kuni Taka]] of [[Japan]] (b. [[1875]])
* [[October 2]] – [[Granville Ryrie]], Australian Army general, politician, and diplomat (b. [[1865]])<ref>{{Dictionary of Australian Biography| First=Granville| Last=Ryrie| shortlink=0-dict-biogR.html#ryrie1| access-date=2008-11-01}}</ref>
* [[October 3]] 
** [[Baden Baden-Powell]], American aviator pioneer (b. [[1860]])
** [[Richard Hertwig]], German zoologist (b. [[1850]])
* [[October 6]] – [[Angelo Musco (actor)|Angelo Musco]], Italian actor (b. [[1872]])
* [[October 8]] – [[Nisar Muhammad Yousafzai]], Afghan revolutionary war hero (b. [[1897]])
* [[October 9]] 
** [[August de Boeck]], Flemish composer (b. [[1865]])
** [[Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse]], German prince (b. [[1868]])
* [[October 10]] – [[Peter of Krutitsy]], Soviet [[Orthodox priest]], martyr and metropolitan (b. [[1862]])
* [[October 11]] – [[Emma E. Bower]], American physician, club-woman, and newspaperwoman (b. [[1852]])
* [[October 13]] – [[Kazimierz Nowak]], Polish traveller (b. [[1897]])
* [[October 14]]
**[[Agustín de Luque y Coca]], Spanish general and politician (b. [[1850]])
**[[Salvatore Micalizzi]], Italian [[Roman Catholic]] priest and venerable (b. [[1856]])
* [[October 15]] – [[James Marcus (American actor)|James Marcus]], American actor (b. [[1867]])
* [[October 16]] 
** [[Jean de Brunhoff]], French writer (b. [[1899]])
** [[William Sealy Gosset]], English chemist and statistician (b. [[1876]])<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=09759727&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA457082346&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs|title=From a brewer to the faraday of statistics: William Sealy Gosset|first=Abhay|last=Mane|date=July 1, 2016|journal=Muller Journal of Medical Sciences and Research|volume=7|issue=2|pages=147|doi=10.4103/0975-9727.185019 |s2cid=77720857 |via=go.gale.com|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[October 17]]
** [[J. Bruce Ismay]], English businessman (b. [[1862]])
** [[Antônio Parreiras]], Brazilian painter, illustrator (b. [[1860]])
* [[October 19]]
** [[Pedro Chutró]], Argentine physician (b. [[1880]])
** [[Ernest Rutherford]], New Zealand physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] recipient (b. [[1871]])
* [[October 23]] – [[Nikolai Klyuev]], Russian poet (b. [[1884]])
* [[October 26]] – [[Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki]], Polish general (b. [[1867]])
* [[October 27]]
** [[Joseph-Félix Bouchor]], French painter (b. [[1853]])
** [[Abdul Karim Khan]], Indian classical singer (b. [[1872]])
* [[October 29]] – [[Kazimierz Cichowski]], Polish-born Soviet politician (b. [[1887]])
* [[October 30]]
** [[Mendel Khatayevich]], Soviet politician (b. [[1893]])
** [[Ivan Zhukov]], Soviet politician (b. [[1889]])

===November===
[[File:J. Ramsay MacDonald LCCN2014715885 (cropped).jpg|thumb|100px|[[Ramsay MacDonald]]]]
[[File:Princess Cecilie of Greece.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark|Princess Cecilie]]]]
[[File:Professor Alexandr Glagolev.jpg|thumb|100px|Saint [[Aleksandr Glagolev]]]]
[[File:Genden.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Peljidiin Genden]]]]
* [[November 1]] – [[Ivar Bauck]], Norwegian general (b. [[1863]])
* [[November 2]] – [[Félix Gaffiot]], French philologist (b. [[1870]])
* [[November 4]]
** [[William Bennett (English politician)|William Bennett]], British politician (b. [[1873]])
** [[Alfred Walter Campbell]], Australian neurologist (b. [[1868]])
** [[Gustav Gärtner]], Austrian pathologist (b. [[1855]])
** [[Emil Hassler]], Swiss physician, botanist (b. [[1864]])
* [[November 5]] – [[Naoe Kinoshita]], Japanese Christian socialist (b. [[1869]])
* [[November 6]] – [[Johnston Forbes-Robertson|Sir Johnston Forbes-Robertson]], British stage actor (b. [[1853]])
* [[November 8]] – [[Francis de Croisset]], Belgian-born French playwright (b. [[1877]])
* [[November 9]] – [[Ramsay MacDonald]], British statesman, 2-time [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]] (b. [[1866]])
* [[November 10]] – [[Nikolai Batalov]], Soviet actor (b. [[1899]])
* [[November 11]] – [[Uryū Sotokichi]], Japanese admiral (b. [[1857]])
* [[November 13]] – [[Mrs. Leslie Carter]], American actress (b. [[1857]])
* [[November 15]] – [[Eero Järnefelt]], Finnish realist painter (b. [[1863]])
* [[November 16]]
** [[Némèse Garneau]], Canadian politician (b. [[1847]])
** [[Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark]], wife of [[Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse|Hereditary Grand Duke Georg Donatus of Hesse]], and sister of [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]] (b. [[1911]])
* [[November 17]] – [[Jack Worrall]], Australian cricketer, coach (b. [[1860]])
* [[November 20]] – [[Metropolitan Joseph (Petrovykh)]] of the [[Soviet Union]] (b. [[1872]])
* [[November 23]]
** [[Miklós Kovács (poet)|Miklós Kovács]], Hungarian-born Yugoslav poet (b. [[1857]])
** [[Jagadish Chandra Bose]], Indian physicist (b. [[1858]])
** [[George Albert Boulenger]], Belgian naturalist (b. [[1858]])
* [[November 25]]
** [[Aleksandr Glagolev]], Russian [[Orthodox priest]], religious philosopher and saint (b. [[1872]])
** [[Alessandro Padoa]], Italian mathematician (b. [[1868]])
** [[Raymond Stanton Patton]], American admiral, engineer and second Director of the [[United States Coast and Geodetic Survey]] (b. [[1882]])
* [[November 26]] – [[Peljidiin Genden]], Mongolian political figure, 9th [[Prime Minister of Mongolia]] and 2nd [[President of Mongolia]] (b. [[1892]])
* [[November 27]]
** [[Vsevolod Balitsky]], [[Leader of the Soviet Union]] (b. [[1892]])
** [[Eero Haapalainen]], Finnish Communist leader, activist (b. [[1880]])
** [[Felix Hamrin]], 22nd [[Prime Minister of Sweden]] (b. [[1875]])
** [[Vasyl Lypkivsky]], Soviet [[Orthodox priest]], metropolitan (b. [[1864]])
** [[Wilhelm Weinberg]], German physician (b. [[1862]])
* [[November 28]] – [[Magnús Guðmundsson]], Icelandic politician, 3rd [[Prime Minister of Iceland]] (b. [[1879]])

===December===
[[File:Prosper poullet.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Prosper Poullet]]]]
[[File:Calugareanu.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Dimitrie Călugăreanu]]]]
[[File:Maurice Ravel 1925.jpg|thumb|100px|[[Maurice Ravel]]]]
* [[December 1]] – [[Rao Guohua]], Chinese general of the [[National Revolutionary Army]] (b. [[1894]])
* [[December 2]] – [[Josep Comas i Solà]], Andorran astronomer (b. [[1868]])
* [[December 3]]
** [[Attila József]], Hungarian poet (b. [[1905]])
** [[Prosper Poullet]], Belgian politician, 26th [[Prime Minister of Belgium]] (b. [[1868]])
** [[Yue Yiqin]], Chinese flying ace (b. 1914)
* [[December 4]] 
** [[Ralph Lewis (actor)|Ralph Lewis]], American actor (b. [[1872]])
** [[Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum|Sir Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum]], Indian politician and educationist (b. [[1863]])
* [[December 8]] 
** [[Hans Molisch]], Czech-Austrian botanist (b. [[1856]])
** [[Akhmet Baitursynov]], Kazakh poet, politician, turkologist (b. [[1872]])
* [[December 9]]
** [[Lilias Armstrong]], British phonetician (b. [[1882]])
** [[Gustaf Dalén]], Swedish physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel Prize]] laureate (b. [[1869]])
* [[December 10]] – [[Robert Bolder]], British actor (b. [[1859]])
* [[December 12]] – [[Alfred Abel]], German actor (b. [[1879]])
* [[December 14]] – [[Fabián de la Rosa]], Filipino painter (b. [[1869]])
* [[December 16]] – [[Giorgi Mazniashvili]], Soviet general (b. [[1870]])
* [[December 17]] – [[Dimitrie Călugăreanu]], Romanian physician, naturalist and physiologist (b. [[1868]])
* [[December 18]] – [[Robert Worth Bingham]], American politician (b. [[1871]])
* [[December 20]] – [[Erich Ludendorff]], German general (b. [[1865]])
* [[December 21]]
** [[Meliton Balanchivadze]], Soviet composer (b. [[1862]])
** [[Ted Healy]], American actor (b. [[1896]])
** [[Frank B. Kellogg]], [[United States Secretary of State]], [[Nobel Peace Prize]] recipient (b. [[1856]])
* [[December 22]] – [[Joseph Darby (jumper)|Joseph Darby]], British jumper (b. [[1861]])
* [[December 23]] – [[Osman Nuri Hadžić]], Bosnian writer (b. [[1869]])
* [[December 25]] – [[Newton D. Baker]], 37th [[Mayor of Cleveland|Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio]], [[United States Secretary of War]] (b. [[1871]])
* [[December 27]] 
** [[Coote Hedley|Sir Coote Hedley]], British army officer and sportsman (b. [[1865]])
** [[William N. Andrews]], American politician and member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1919 to 1921 (b. [[1876]])
* [[December 28]] 
** [[Herbert Bullmore]], Scottish Rugby Union international player, grandfather of [[Kerry Packer]] (b. [[1874]])
** [[Maurice Ravel]], French composer (''[[Boléro]]'') (b. [[1875]])
** [[Algernon Thomas|Sir Algernon Thomas]], New Zealand scientist (b. [[1857]])
* [[December 29]]
** [[Frederik Beichmann]], Norwegian jurist (b. [[1859]])
** [[Don Marquis]], American poet (b. [[1878]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Don Marquis {{!}} American writer {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Don-Marquis |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=24 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[December 30]] – [[Hans Niels Andersen]], Danish businessman, founder of the [[East Asiatic Company]] (b. [[1852]])
* [[December 31]] – [[Dezső Czigány]], Hungarian painter (b. [[1883]])

==Nobel Prizes==
[[File:Nobel medal.png|right|100px]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] – [[Clinton Joseph Davisson]], [[George Paget Thomson]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] – [[Walter Haworth]], [[Paul Karrer]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]] – [[Albert Szent-Györgyi|Albert von Szent-Györgyi Nagyrapolt]]
* [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]] – [[Roger Martin du Gard]]
* [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] – [[Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood|Robert Cecil]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111004065810/http://www.wehrmacht-history.com/timeline/1937-wwii-timeline.htm 1937 WWII Timeline] 
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20030416080804/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1937/1937fr.html The 1930s Timeline: 1937] – from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia

{{Events by month links}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1937}}
[[Category:1937| ]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]