View source for 2004 Redfern riots

{{Short description|Riots in Sydney after the death of a child}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=July 2008}}
{{original research|date=December 2008}}}}
{{Use Australian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox civil conflict|place =[[Redfern, New South Wales|Redfern]], Sydney, Australia|title = Redfern Riots|image = |causes = Death of Thomas Hickey|injuries = 42 Police injured (one rendered unconscious after being struck on the helmet by a brick)<ref name="smh.com.au">{{Cite web|date=2007-06-07|title=NSW Police fined $100,000 over Redfern riot|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw-police-fined-100-000-over-redfern-riot-20070608-gdqc3r.html|access-date=2021-04-11|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref>|methods = Molotov cocktails, fireworks, bottles, and rocks.|side1 = Local Aboriginal people|side2 = [[New South Wales Police]]|side2a = [[Australian Federal Police]]}}
[[File:2004 Redfern riot fireworks.jpg|thumb|Fireworks being shot at police on Lawson Street during the riot]]

The '''2004 Redfern riots''' took place on the evening of Sunday 15 February 2004, in the inner [[Sydney]] suburb of [[Redfern, New South Wales]], and were sparked by the death of 17-year-old '''Thomas Hickey''', also known as '''TJ Hickey''', resulting from a bike accident in the neighbouring suburb of [[Waterloo, New South Wales|Waterloo]] on 14 February 2004.

==Thomas Hickey's death==
The circumstances surrounding Thomas "T.J." Hickey's death are disputed. On the morning of Saturday 14 February 2004, the 17-year-old [[Aboriginal Australian]] boy was riding his bicycle downhill while a police vehicle was patrolling the nearby area. According to [[New South Wales Police]], he collided with a protruding gutter and was flung into the air and impaled on a {{convert|1.2|adj=on|metre}} high fence outside a block of units off Phillip Street, Waterloo, causing penetrating injuries of the neck and chest.<ref name="coroner"/> Police officers at the scene administered first aid until New South Wales Ambulance officers arrived. Hickey died with his family by his side early on 15 February 2004.

A large proportion of the inquest centred on whether police were "pursuing" Hickey, or "following" him. At the conclusion of the [[coronial inquest]], NSW Police Commissioner [[Ken Moroney]] was interviewed on [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC Radio]] and gave this explanation of the distinction: "I think if you were to ask the person on the street the definition between, and not a [[Concise Oxford Dictionary]] definition, but if you were to ask somebody their interpretation of being followed and being pursued I think they are two distinct and clear actions. Being followed, I think, in the ordinary layman's mind, creates a particular picture. Being pursued by police creates a completely different picture and clearly there was no evidence that Mr Hickey was being pursued in the normal definition of that word".

Moroney supported the driver of the police truck, Senior Constable Michael Hollingsworth, in his refusal to give evidence. Both maintained this was a "normal civilian right".<ref>Freedom Socialist Bulletin, by Ray Jackson: ABC Radio PM Tuesday 17 August</ref>

According to police, they arrived at the scene quickly with Constables Hollingsworth and Reynolds arriving a few minutes after the first police vehicle. Thomas was hanging by his shirt and was not seen to be impaled but in a serious condition. Police immediately rendered [[first aid]] and were unable to save him as "the injury was probably non-survivable".<ref name="coroner">Abernethy, J: ''Report by the NSW State Coroner into deaths in custody/police operations 2004'', page 71. {{ISSN|1323-6423}}.</ref> At no time was Police Rescue or NSW Ambulance called off from attending. Evidence exists of Hollingsworth making numerous calls for the ETA of ambulance [[paramedic]]s. When ambulance officers arrived, Hollingsworth and Reynolds Helped move Thomas into the Ambulance. A female cousin of Hickey made herself known to Hollingsworth and accompanied both Hollingsworth and Reynolds in the police truck when they left the scene, escorting the ambulance to the [[Sydney Children's Hospital|Children's Hospital at Randwick]]<ref name="coroner"/>
. Upon arrival at the hospital, Hollingsworth and Reynolds waited at the [[accident and emergency department]]. Some time later Hollingsworth and Reynolds, still at the hospital waiting for TJ's family, were ordered away by a hospital [[social worker]], possibly because Hollingsworth was covered in blood and might have upset the family and members of the public. There was an outstanding [[arrest warrant]] in Hickey's name, but police have consistently maintained that the patrol car was searching for a different individual, wanted in connection with a violent bag snatch at [[Redfern railway station, Sydney|Redfern railway station]] earlier the same day. There was no evidence of a pursuit with Hollingsworth and Reynolds being the second Police vehicle (caged truck) to attend the scene.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/03/21/1079789939972.html|title=Little girl lost in a racial storm|last=Karla Grant|first=Matthew Benns|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040322093501/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/03/21/1079789939972.html|archive-date=2004-03-22|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Hickey family and supporters dispute this version of events, claiming that witnesses saw Hickey's bike clipped by the police car, thus propelling him onto the fence. This claim was not supported by the testimony of two Aboriginal Liaison Officers to a NSW Parliamentary Inquiry into the death,<ref name="Lee Rhiannon MLC">{{cite news | url=http://www.leerhiannon.org.au/speeches/commemoration-of-death-of-t.-j.-hickey | title=Commemoration of Death of T. J. Hickey | publisher=Lee Rhiannon MLC | date=18 May 2009 | access-date=24 January 2011 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20121127135815/http://www.leerhiannon.org.au/speeches/commemoration-of-death-of-t.-j.-hickey | archive-date=27 November 2012 | url-status=dead }}</ref> though neither of the officers were present at the scene. (One of the officers was later convicted of murder and arson, an act for which he had blamed police.)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/he-was-violent-and-controlling-she-knew-he-was-a-killer-20090528-bozp.html|title=He was violent and controlling. She knew he was a killer|date=28 May 2009|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=27 May 2020}}</ref>

Despite calls to re-open the coronial inquest, the New South Wales government has {{as of|lc=yes|2020}} refused to do so.<ref name="Gregoire 2020">{{cite web | last=Gregoire | first=Paul | title=Calls for a Parliamentary Inquiry into TJ Hickey's Death, Sixteen Years On | website=Sydney Criminal Lawyers | date=12 February 2020 | url=https://www.sydneycriminallawyers.com.au/blog/calls-for-a-parliamentary-inquiry-into-tj-hickeys-death-sixteen-years-on/ | access-date=10 June 2020}}</ref>

An appeal to the United Nations Human rights commission by lawyers acting for the Hickey Family to investigate the death and any racial motivation concluded the death to be an accident.{{citation needed|date = July 2021}}

==Riots==
On the evening of 15 February, Aboriginal and non-[[Indigenous Australians|Indigenous]] youths and adults, most of them from [[The Block (Sydney)|The Block]], the Waterloo estate and other inner city housing precincts gathered at Eveleigh Street quickly after the word of the death spread.<ref>{{cite report
|author      = <!-- not stated -->
|year        = 2004
|title       = Final Report - Part A: Analysis - Redfern Local Area Command: Civil Unrest 15-16 February 2004
|url         = https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/lcdocs/other/9630/Strikeforce%20Coburn%20Report%20Part%201.pdf
|work        = 
|location    = 
|publisher   = NSW Police
|docket      = 
|access-date = January 24, 2025
}}</ref> Persons were seen preparing petrol bombs and stockpiling bricks, resulting in police closing the Eveleigh Street entrance to the station, which turned the crowd violent and they began to throw bottles, bricks, live fireworks and [[Molotov cocktail]]s. The violence escalated into a full-scale riot around the Block, during which Redfern railway station was briefly set alight, suffering superficial damage. The riot continued into the early morning, until police used [[fire brigade]] water hoses to disperse the crowd. Total damages included a torched car and 40 injured police officers.

==Post-riot==
A memorial service was held on 19 February 2004 in Redfern, and in [[Walgett, New South Wales]] (Hickey's hometown), on 22 February 2004.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/3502551.stm|title=Sydney mourns Aboriginal teen|date=19 February 2004|work=BBC News|access-date=2018-11-24|language=en-GB}}</ref>

In 2005, the [[University of Technology Sydney]]'s students' association donated a plaque with TJ's portrait, with an inscription that read: "On the 14th February, 2004, TJ Hickey, aged 17, was impaled upon the metal fence above, arising from a police pursuit. The young man died as a result of his wounds the next day. In our hearts you will stay TJ." Local police, the NSW government and the Department of Housing have refused to allow the plaque to be placed on the wall below the fence where Hickey was impaled unless the words "police pursuit" were changed to "tragic accident", which the family has refused to do.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.greenleft.org.au/node/33159 | title=Rallies demand truth about TJ Hickey's death | publisher=Green Left Weekly | date=23 February 2005 | access-date=24 January 2011}}</ref>

In 2007, the New South Wales Police were fined $100,000 after the NSW Industrial Relations Commission found it had failed to ensure the health, safety and welfare at work of its employees under the Occupational Health and Safety Act.<ref name="smh.com.au">{{Cite web|date=2007-06-07|title=NSW Police fined $100,000 over Redfern riot|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw-police-fined-100-000-over-redfern-riot-20070608-gdqc3r.html|access-date=2021-04-11|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref>

==Legacy==
The 2013 film ''[[Around the Block (film)|Around the Block]]'' focuses partly on the riots.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Buchanan |first1=Matt |last2=Ellis |first2=Scott |title=Around the Block one final time |url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/around-the-block-one-final-time-20120712-21yw5.html |access-date=4 June 2024 |publisher=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=13 July 2012}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[2005 Cronulla riots]]
* [[2004 Palm Island death in custody|2004 Palm Island death in custody (riot)]]
* [[2004 in Australia]]
* [[Aboriginal deaths in custody]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://smh.com.au/specials/redfern/index.html Redfern riots special] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061107085814/http://www.smh.com.au/specials/redfern/index.html |date=7 November 2006 }} ([[Sydney Morning Herald]]) – several stories surrounding the riots and its consequences.

{{Riots in Australia}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Redfern Riots}}
[[Category:2004 in Australia]]
[[Category:Law enforcement in New South Wales]]
[[Category:2004 riots]]
[[Category:Indigenous Australians in New South Wales]]
[[Category:Indigenous Australian politics]]
[[Category:2000s in Sydney]]
[[Category:February 2004 in Australia]]
[[Category:Redfern, New South Wales|Redfern riots]]
[[Category:Race riots in Australia]]
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in New South Wales]]