View source for 27 BC

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{{BC year in topic|27}}
[[File:Statue-Augustus.jpg|thumb|Imperator [[Augustus|Caesar Augustus]]]]
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Year '''27 BC''' was either a [[common year starting on Sunday]], [[Common year starting on Monday|Monday]] or [[Common year starting on Tuesday|Tuesday]] or a [[leap year starting on Monday]] of the [[Julian calendar]] (the sources differ, see [[Julian calendar#Leap year error|leap year error]] for further information) and a [[common year starting on Sunday]] of the [[Proleptic Julian calendar]]. At the time, it was known as the '''Year of the Second Consulship of Octavian and Agrippa''' (or, less frequently, '''year 727 ''[[Ab urbe condita]]'''''). The denomination 27 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the [[Anno Domini]] [[calendar era]] became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Roman Republic/Empire ====
* [[Augustus|Gaius Julius Caesar Octavian]] becomes [[Roman Consul]] for the seventh time. His partner [[Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa]] becomes Consul for the third time.
* [[January 16]] &ndash; Octavian formally returns full power to the [[Roman Senate|Senate]]; they give him the titles of ''[[Princeps]]'' and ''[[Augustus (honorific)|Augustus]]''. He accepts this honor, having declined the alternative title of ''[[Romulus]]'',<ref>Gross, W. H. "The Propaganda of an Unpopular Ideology", in ''The Age of Augustus: Interdisciplinary Conference held at Brown University, April 30–May 2, 1982'', edited by Rolf Winkes (Rhode Island: Centre for Old World Archaeology and Art, 1985), 35.</ref> thus becoming first [[Roman emperor]].
* Caesar Augustus starts a new military reform. He reduces the number of [[Roman legion|legion]]s to 26 and creates the [[Praetorian Guard]] (1,000 men).
* Augustus forms the [[Classis Misenensis]], based in the [[harbor]] of [[Portus Julius]] at [[Misenum]].
* Agrippa divides [[Hispania Ulterior]] into [[Baetica]] and [[Lusitania]], and enlarges [[Hispania Citerior]].
* Northern statue of the [[Colossi of Memnon]] is shattered by an earthquake in [[Egypt]] (according to [[Strabo]]).
* Marcus Agrippa begins the construction of the old [[Pantheon, Rome]].
* [[Augustus]]' first census of the [[Roman Empire]] (formerly the [[Roman Republic]]) reports a total of 4,063,000 [[citizen]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Augustus/Res_Gestae/2*.html#ref39|title=LacusCurtius • Res Gestae Divi Augusti (II)|website=penelope.uchicago.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-02-22}}</ref>
* 
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== Births ==
* [[Emperor Ai of Han|Ai of Han]], Chinese emperor of the [[Han dynasty|Han Dynasty]] (d. [[1 BC]])

== Deaths ==
* [[Marcus Terentius Varro]], Roman scholar and writer (b. [[116 BC]])<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marcus-Terentius-Varro | access-date=February 22, 2024 | title=Marcus Terentius Varro | series=Encyclopaedia Britannica}}</ref>

== References ==
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[[Category:27 BC| ]]