View source for 77th Sustainment Brigade

{{Use American English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name                     = 77th Sustainment Brigade
| image                         = 77th Infantry Division.patch.jpg
| image_size                    = 150px
| caption                       = 77th Sustainment Brigade [[shoulder sleeve insignia]]
| dates                         = 1917–1919<br />1921–1946<br />1963–present
| country                       = {{flag|United States}}
| allegiance                    = 
| branch                        = {{army|USA}}
| type                          = Sustainment
| role                          = 
| size                          = Brigade
| command_structure             = 
| current_commander             = [[Colonel Benjamin N. Owen]]
| garrison                      = [[Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey|Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst]]
| ceremonial_chief              = 
| colonel_of_the_regiment       = 
| nickname                      = "Statue of Liberty" ([[special designation]])<ref name=SUD>{{cite web|title=Special Unit Designations |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html |publisher=[[United States Army Center of Military History]] |date=21 April 2010 |access-date=9 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100709200756/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/spdes-123-ra_ar.html |archive-date=9 July 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| patron                        = 
| motto                         = 
| colors                        = 
| identification_symbol         = 
| march                         = 
| mascot                        = 
| battles                       = [[World War I]]
* [[United States campaigns in World War I#Oise-Aisne, 18 August – 11 November 1918|Oise-Aisne]]
* [[Meuse-Argonne Offensive|Meuse-Argonne]]
[[World War II]]
* [[Battle of Guam (1944)|Western Pacific]]
* [[Battle of Leyte|Leyte]]
* [[Battle of Okinawa|Ryukyus]]
* [[Battle of Mindanao|Southern Philippines]]

[[Iraq War]]

| notable_commanders            = [[J. Franklin Bell]]<br/>[[George B. Duncan]]<br/>[[Robert Alexander (United States Army officer)|Robert Alexander]]<br/>[[Robert L. Eichelberger]]<br/>[[Roscoe B. Woodruff]]<br/>[[A.D. Bruce|Andrew D. Bruce]]<br/>[[Julius Ochs Adler]]
| anniversaries                 = 
| decorations                   = 
| battle_honours                = 
}}

The '''77th Sustainment Brigade''' is a unit of the [[United States Army]] that inherited the lineage of the '''77th Infantry Division''' ("Statue of Liberty"<ref name = SUD/>), which served in [[World War I]] and [[World War II]]. Its headquarters has been at Fort Dix, New Jersey, since its predecessor command, the 77th Regional Readiness Command, was disestablished in 2008 from [[Fort Totten, New York|Fort Totten]] in [[Bayside, Queens]], New York. Soldiers from the 77th have served in most major conflicts and contingency operations involving the US since World War II.{{citation needed lead|date=October 2017}}

The division is nicknamed the "'''Statue of Liberty Division'''"; the shoulder patch bears the [[Statue of Liberty]] in gold on a blue [[Isosceles trapezoid|isosceles-trapezoid]] shape. U.S. Marines on [[Guam]] nicknamed them the "77th Marine Division".{{citation needed lead|date=October 2016}}

The [[Clearview Expressway]] in [[Queens]], New York, is named the "U.S. Army 77th Infantry Division Expressway", honoring the division and its successor commands.

==World War I==
{{seealso|Lost Battalion (World War I)}}{{Military unit sidebar|title=US Infantry Divisions|previous=[[76th Infantry Division (United States)|76th Infantry Division]]|next=[[78th Infantry Division (United States)|78th Infantry Division]]}}
On 5 August 1917, the [[War Department]] constituted the 77th Division, which was to be composed of [[Selective Service Act of 1917|draftees]] from [[New York City]] and the adjoining counties. The division was organized at [[Camp Upton]] in [[Yaphank, New York]], in the central part of [[Suffolk County, Long Island]]; the camp is now [[Brookhaven National Laboratory]]. On 13 August, the formation of the division headquarters was directed, and on 16 August, Major General [[J. Franklin Bell]] assumed command. During the last week of August, organization of the division began around a cadre of officers and men from the Regular Army, Officers Reserve Corps, and National Army officer graduates of the First Officers Training Camp at [[Plattsburg, New York]]. On 18 September, the initial draft of 2,000 Selective Service men arrived at Camp Upton, and from 19-24 September, an additional 19,000 arrived. In September, systematic training began. On 31 October, the division numbered about 23,000 men, but during November, many transfers, in spite of a fresh draft of 750 men, reduced the division to less than 18,000. From 5-10 December, the last drafts of 1917 furnished Camp Upton with 8,500 men, and by 31 December, the strength of the 77th Division again reached 23,000. During the winter, fresh drafts were received from [[Fort Devens|Camp Devens]], [[Massachusetts]], and other camps, but 4,500 men were transferred from the division during January and February. In March, new arrivals completed the division.<ref>{{cite book|date=1931|title=Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War, American Expeditionary Forces, Divisions, Volume 2|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|page=299}}{{source-attribution}}</ref>

[[File:United_States_World_War_II_(Square)_Infantry_Division_1940_Structure.png|thumb|right|Square Division example: 1940 US Infantry Division. On the far left can be seen two brigades of two regiments each.]]

The 77th was the first American division composed of draftees to arrive in France in World War I, landing in April 1918; overall, it was the seventh of 42 divisions to reach the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. The division fought in the [[Battle of Château-Thierry (1918)|Battle of Château-Thierry]] on 18 July 1918 and later in the [[Meuse–Argonne offensive]], the largest battle in the [[history of the United States Army]], from late September until the [[Armistice of 11 November 1918|Armistice with Germany]] on November 11, 1918. During its service in France, the 77th Division sustained 10,194 casualties: of these 1,486 men were killed and another 8,708 were wounded.

[[File:The US Army on the Western Front, 1917-1918 Q8986.jpg|thumb|left|Men of the 307th Infantry Regiment (attached to the [[42nd (East Lancashire) Infantry Division|British 42nd Division]] for instruction), headed by a British regimental band, marching past [[Major-general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] [[Arthur Solly-Flood]] (42nd Division) on a road near Famechon, France, 7 June 1918.]]

The division, after serving on occupation duties for the next few months, returned to the United States in April 1919 and was demobilized at Camp Upton later that month.

[[File:The United States Army in France, 1918 Q70738.jpg|thumb|left|Men of Company I, 308th Infantry, resting after capturing German second line trenches 1½ miles north of Le Four de Paris; Lieutenant Stewart in charge: Foret d'Argonne (Forest of Argonne), September 1918.]]

The 153rd Infantry Brigade consisted of the 305th Infantry Regiment, 306th Infantry Regiment, and 305th Machine Gun Battalion.<ref name="CMH">{{cite book |last=Center of Military History, United States Army |date=1988 |title=Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War |volume=2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S8lmAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA296 |location=Washington, DC |publisher=US Government Printing Office |pages=296–297 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> The brigade was initially commanded by Brigadier General [[Edmund Wittenmyer]].<ref name="CMH"/>

[[File:111-SC-42783 - NARA - 55244767 (cropped) (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|[[Doughboy]]s of the 302nd Field Signal Battalion, 77th Division, unrolling and rewinding telephone wire into smaller rolls for convenience in field work, near [[Vesle]], France, September 6, 1918.]]

The 154th Infantry Brigade was composed of the [[307th Infantry Regiment(United States)|307th]] and [[308th Infantry Regiment (United States)|308th Infantry Regiment]]s and the 306th Machine Gun Battalion.<ref>McGrath, The Brigade, 37</ref> The brigade's inaugural commander was Brigadier General Evan M. Johnson.<ref name="CMH"/>

While the division had been recruited as a National Army unit from the New York City area, [[Attrition warfare|attrition]] and replacements had complicated the complexion of the unit. For example, the [[40th Infantry Division (United States)|40th Division]] had been converted into a "depot division" in August 1918 to equip, train, and forward replacements to other units, and in the process, Company L of the [[160th Infantry Regiment (United States)|160th Infantry]], part of the [[California Army National Guard|California National Guard]], had supplied many of its original men to Company K of the 307th Infantry as replacements.

The "[[Lost Battalion (World War I)|Lost Battalion]]" of World War I fame was composed of six companies of the 308th Infantry Regiment and one from the 307th Infantry Regiment.

* 77th Division Commanders:
** Maj. Gen. J. Franklin Bell (18 August 1917)
** Brig. Gen. [[Evan M. Johnson]] (4 December 1917)
** Maj. Gen. [[George B. Duncan|G. B. Duncan]] (8 May 1918)
** Brig. Gen. Evan M. Johnson (20 July 1918)
** Brig. Gen. Evan M. Johnson (19 August 1918)
** Maj. Gen. [[Robert Alexander (United States Army officer)|Robert Alexander]] (27 August 1918)

===Order of battle===

* Headquarters, 77th Division
* 153rd Infantry Brigade
** 305th Infantry Regiment
** 306th Infantry Regiment
** 305th Machine Gun Battalion
* 154th Infantry Brigade
** 307th Infantry Regiment
** 308th Infantry Regiment
** 306th Machine Gun Battalion
* 152nd Field Artillery Brigade
** 304th Field Artillery Regiment (75&nbsp;mm)
** 305th Field Artillery Regiment (75&nbsp;mm)
** 306th Field Artillery Regiment (155&nbsp;mm)
** 302nd Trench Mortar Battery
* 307th Machine Gun Battalion
* 302nd Engineer Regiment
* 302nd Field Signal Battalion
* Headquarters Troop, 77th Division
* 302nd Train Headquarters and Military Police
** 302nd Ammunition Train
** 302nd Supply Train
** 302nd Engineer Train
** 302nd Sanitary Train
*** 305th, 306th, 307th, and 308th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals

==Interwar period==

The 77th Division was reconstituted in the [[United States Army Reserve|Organized Reserve]] on 24 June 1921, allotted to the Second [[Corps Area]], and assigned to the [[XII Corps (United States)|XII Corps]]. The division was further allotted to the southeastern portion of the state of New York, primarily the metropolitan area of [[New York City]] and [[Long Island]], as its home area. The division headquarters was organized on 1 July 1921 at the Army Building, 39 Whitehall Street in Manhattan, relocated in 1933 to the [[Federal Office Building (New York City)|Federal Office Building]] at 641 Washington Street, and remained there until activated for World War II. The initial formation of the division began with a rush, and by July 1923, the “Statue of Liberty” Division was up to full strength in its complement of officers as required by its peacetime tables of organization and was the first Reserve division to do so. Many of its officers were Great War veterans of the division, and so there was a direct tie to the World War I organization, which established an esprit de corps equaled by few other Organized Reserve divisions during the period between the world wars. Lieutenant Colonel [[Charles W. Whittlesey]], the commander of the famous “Lost Battalion” during World War I, was instrumental in the initial recruiting efforts to get the division up to strength in the early 1920s. The division established a clubhouse at 27 West 25th Street in [[Manhattan]] which added to the camaraderie. Over a number of years, most units of the division had bronze plaques cast and inscribed with the names of their war dead mounted in the sitting areas of the club. Some 300 officers and men of the division participated annually in the Army Day parade and over 550 participated in the homecoming parade for [[Charles Lindbergh]] on 13 June 1927. All of these served to increase the esprit and camaraderie of the Statue of Liberty Division. 

The designated mobilization and training station for the division was Camp Dix, New Jersey, the location where much of the 77th’s training activities occurred in the interwar years. The division headquarters generally conducted summer training at Camp Dix, and in 1934 and 1937, conducted major division-level [[military exercise|command post exercises]] (CPXs) there. On a number of occasions, the division headquarters also participated in Second Corps Area or [[First Army (United States)|First Army]] CPXs in conjunction with other Regular Army, National Guard, and Organized Reserve units. These training events gave division staff officers opportunities to practice the roles they would be expected to perform in the event the division was mobilized. The 77th Division headquarters occasionally trained with the staffs of the 1st Division or its subordinate 1st Infantry Brigade at Camp Dix, or sometimes at [[Fort Slocum, New York]]. For 1 year, in 1926, the officers of the division headquarters trained with the staff of the [[New York National Guard]]'s [[27th Infantry Division (United States)|27th Division]] at [[Camp Smith (New York)|Camp Smith]], near [[Peekskill, New York]]. In 1923, the division officers, with assistance from Colonel [[Peter E. Traub]], the division chief of staff, established Camp Blauvelt near [[Nyack, New York]], for the purposes of providing a small training area for the division. Camp Blauvelt was frequently used for unpaid weekend or two-week inactive duty “contact camps” by subordinate units for their officers, and occasionally by the division staff for mini-CPXs. The subordinate infantry regiments of the division generally held their summer training primarily with the units of the 1st Infantry Brigade at Camp Dix, but other units, such as the special troops, artillery, engineers, aviation, medical, and quartermaster, trained at various posts in the Second and Third Corps Areas usually with other units of the 1st Division. For example, the division’s artillery trained with the [[7th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)|7th Field Artillery]] at [[Fort Drum|Pine Camp]], New York; the 302nd Engineer Regiment usually trained with the [[1st Engineer Battalion (United States)|1st Engineer Regiment]] at [[Fort DuPont]], [[Delaware]]; the 302nd Medical Regiment trained with the [[1st Medical Brigade (United States)|1st Medical Regiment]] at [[Carlisle Barracks]], [[Pennsylvania]]; and the 302nd Observation Squadron trained with the [[5th Reconnaissance Squadron|5th Observation Squadron]] at [[Mitchel Field]], New York. In addition to the unit training camps, the infantry regiments of the division rotated responsibility to conduct the infantry [[Citizens Military Training Camps]] (CMTC) held at Camp Dix and [[Plattsburg Barracks]] each year. The field artillery regiments conducted field artillery CMTC training at [[Madison Barracks]], New York.

Although corps area commanders were nominally in command of the three Organized Reserve divisions in their corps area, with division chiefs of staff handling day-to-day operations, corps area commanders sometimes designated junior Regular Army or Reserve general officers in their corps areas to serve as Organized Reserve division commanders in addition to their other duties. As of 1937, the 77th Division was commanded by Brigadier General [[Perry L. Miles]], who was concurrently the commander of the 1st Division's 2nd Infantry Brigade.<ref name="Cullum1940">{{cite book |last=Cullum |first=George W. |author-link=George Washington Cullum |editor-last=Farman |editor-first=E. E. |date=1940 |title=Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point |url=https://digital-library.usma.edu/digital/collection/p16919coll3/id/18074/rec/92 |location=Chicago, IL, Crawfordsville, IN |publisher=R.R. Donnelley & Sons Company, The Lakeside Press |page=99 |via=West Point Digital Library}}</ref> Unlike the Regular and Guard units in the Second Corps Area, the 77th Division did not participate in the Second Corps Area maneuvers and the First Army maneuvers of 1935, 1939, and 1940 as an organized unit due to lack of enlisted personnel and equipment. Instead, the officers and a number of the enlisted reservists were assigned to Regular and Guard units to fill vacant slots and bring the units up to war strength for the exercises. Additionally, some were assigned duties as umpires or as support personnel. Due to the mobilization of many Organized Reserve officers beginning in 1939 for assignment to other units, all officers less those in the infantry and field artillery were relieved from their divisional assignments in July 1941 and assigned to branch pools instead.<ref>{{cite book|last=Clay|first=Steven E.|date=2010|title=U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941, Volume 1. The Arms: Major Commands and Infantry Organizations, 1919-41|location=Fort Leavenworth, KS|publisher=Combat Studies Institute Press|page=244-245}}{{source-attribution}}</ref>

===Order of battle, 1939===

* Headquarters (Manhattan, NY)
* Headquarters, Special Troops (Manhattan, NY)
** Headquarters Company (Manhattan, NY)
** 77th Military Police Company (Manhattan, NY)
** 77th Signal Company (Manhattan, NY)
** 302nd Ordnance Company (Medium) (Manhattan, NY)
** 77th Tank Company (Light) (Manhattan, NY)
* 153rd Infantry Brigade (Manhattan, NY)
** 305th Infantry Regiment (Brooklyn, NY)
** 306th Infantry Regiment (Flushing, NY)
* 154th Infantry Brigade (Manhattan, NY)
** 307th Infantry Regiment (Manhattan, NY)
** 308th Infantry Regiment (Bronx, NY)
* 152nd Field Artillery Brigade (Manhattan, NY)
** 304th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (Brooklyn, NY)
** 305th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm) (Manhattan, NY)
** 306th Field Artillery Regiment (155 mm) (Bronx, NY)
** 302nd Ammunition Train (Manhattan, NY)
* 302nd Engineer Regiment (Manhattan, NY)
* 302nd Medical Regiment (Manhattan, NY)
* 402nd Quartermaster Regiment (Brooklyn, NY)

==World War II==
[[File:Landings in the Keramas.jpg|thumb|1st Battalion Landing Team, 306th Infantry, in the [[Kerama Islands]] on 27 March 1945]]
[[File:Americans on Okinawa hear of victory in Europe.jpg|thumb|right|Men of the 77th Infantry division listen to radio reports of Germany's surrender on 8 May 1945.]]
[[File:United_States_World_War_II_Infantry_Division_1942_Structure.png|thumb|right|Triangular Division example: 1942 U.S. infantry division. The brigades of the Square division have been removed, and there are three regiments directly under divisional control.]]

* Ordered into active military service: 25 March 1942, [[Fort Jackson, South Carolina]]
* Trained at [[Camp Hyder]], California in 1943
* Overseas: 24 March 1944
* Campaigns: [[Battle of Guam (1944)|Western Pacific]], [[Battle of Leyte|Leyte]], [[Battle of Okinawa|Ryukyus]]
* Days of Combat: 200
* Distinguished Unit Citations: 16
* Awards: [[Medal of Honor]]: 6; [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Cross]]: 19; [[Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)|Distinguished Service Medal]]: 2; [[Silver Star]]: 335; [[Legion of Merit]]: 22; [[Soldier's Medal]]: 25; [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]]: 4,433; [[Air Medal]]: 4
* Commanders:
** Maj. Gen. [[Robert L. Eichelberger]] (March–June 1942)
** Maj. Gen. [[Roscoe B. Woodruff]] (June 1942 – May 1943)
** Maj. Gen. [[A.D. Bruce|Andrew D. Bruce]] (May 1943 – 27 February 1946)
* Chaplain: [[Angélico Chávez|Fray Angélico Chávez]]
* Inactivated: 15 March 1946 in Japan

===Order of battle===
* Headquarters, 77th Infantry Division
* [[305th Infantry Regiment (United States)|305th Infantry Regiment]]
* [[306th Infantry Regiment (United States)|306th Infantry Regiment]]
* [[307th Infantry Regiment (United States)|307th Infantry Regiment]]
* Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 77th Infantry Division Artillery
** 304th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
** 305th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
** 306th Field Artillery Battalion (155 mm)
** 902nd Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)
* 302nd Engineer Combat Battalion
* 233rd Engineer Combat Battalion
* 302nd Medical Battalion
* 77th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
* Headquarters, Special Troops, 77th Infantry Division
** Headquarters Company, 77th Infantry Division
** 777th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company
** 77th Quartermaster Company
** 77th Signal Company
** Military Police Platoon
** Band
* 77th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment

Before Organized Reserve infantry divisions were ordered into active military service, they were reorganized on paper as "triangular" divisions under the 1940 tables of organization. The headquarters companies of the two infantry brigades were consolidated into the division's cavalry reconnaissance troop, and one infantry regiment was removed by inactivation. The field artillery brigade headquarters and headquarters battery became the headquarters and headquarters battery of the division artillery. Its three field artillery regiments were reorganized into four battalions; one battalion was taken from each of the two 75 mm gun regiments to form two 105 mm howitzer battalions, the brigade's ammunition train was reorganized as the third 105 mm howitzer battalion, and the 155 mm howitzer battalion was formed from the 155 mm howitzer regiment. The engineer, medical, and quartermaster regiments were reorganized into battalions. In 1942, divisional quartermaster battalions were split into ordnance light maintenance companies and quartermaster companies, and the division's headquarters and military police company, which had previously been a combined unit, was split.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wilson|first=John B.|date=1998|title=Maneuver and Firepower: The Evolution of Divisions and Separate Brigades|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Center of Military History, U.S. Army|page=161, 169-70}}</ref>

The 77th Infantry Division was ordered into active military service on 25 March 1942 around a cadre of officers and men mostly drawn from the [[8th Infantry Division (United States)|8th]] and [[30th Infantry Division (United States)|30th Infantry Division]]s. The initial enlisted fillers came from the First, Second, and Third [[Corps Area]]s (the [[Northeastern United States]]), sent from Fort Devens, Fort Dix, Camp Upton, [[Fort Niagara]], New York, and [[Fort George G. Meade]], [[Maryland]]. After basic and advanced training, the division participated in the [[United States Army Central|Third Army]] Louisiana No. 1 Maneuvers from 1 February to 28 March 1943. The 77th Infantry Division moved to Hawaii, 31 March 1944, and continued training in [[amphibious landing]]s and [[jungle warfare]]. Elements began to leave Hawaii, 1 July 1944, for the amphibious [[Battle of Guam (1944)|assault on Guam]]. Attached to [[III Marine Expeditionary Force|III Amphibious Force]], the 77th made an assault landing on Guam, 21 July 1944. After taking over defense of the beachhead, the division drove north to seize [[Mount Tenjo Fortifications|Mount Tenjo]] and effected junction with the [[U.S. 3rd Marine Division|3rd Marine Division]], linking the northern and southern bridgeheads, 23–29 July. It continued to drive north, and dislodged the enemy from positions at [[Barrigada, Guam|Barrigada]] town and mountain, 4 August, resistance ending on 8 August. With Guam recaptured, the 77th sailed for [[New Caledonia]], but plans were changed en route and it was directed to proceed to [[Battle of Leyte|Leyte]]. The division landed on the east coast of Leyte, 23 November 1944, and was attached to [[XXIV Corps (United States)|XXIV Corps]], [[U.S. Sixth Army|Sixth Army]]. After a short period of training and combat patrolling in the corps' rear, 23 November – 6 December, it landed at [[Ipil, Zamboanga Sibugay|Ipil]] and fought up the east coast of [[Battle of Ormoc Bay|Ormoc Bay]] to seize [[Ormoc City|Ormoc]] on 10 December. Attacking north, astride Highway No. 2, the division secured Valencia and the Libungao-Palompon road junction. Mopping up operations continued through January 1945 until 5 February 1945.

The next combat assignment was [[Okinawa Island|Okinawa]]. In late March (26–29), the division made 15 landings, securing [[Kerama Retto]] and [[Keise Shima]] for the [[Battle of Okinawa|assault on Okinawa]]. Riding at sea, 1–15 April 1945, it suffered casualties from enemy suicide attacks, and prepared for the assault landing on [[Ie Shima]]. On 16 April 1945, the 77th landed on Ie Shima, captured the airfield, and engaged in a bitter fight for "Government House Hill" and "Bloody Ridge." It was in this operation that [[Ernie Pyle]] was killed. On April 25, it left Ie Shima for Okinawa, relieving the [[96th Infantry Division (United States)|96th Infantry Division]] on 1 May 1945. Fighting its way slowly against extremely heavy Japanese resistance, the division drove to Shuri in conjunction with the [[1st Marine Division (United States)|1st Marine Division]], occupying it 29–31 May. In June the division covered the right flank of [[XXIV Corps (United States)|XXIV Corps]] and "sealed" Japanese cave positions. In July the division moved to Cebu, Philippine Islands, and prepared for the anticipated invasion of Japan ([[Operation Downfall]]). On 6 and 9 August 1945, the U.S. [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|dropped atomic bombs]] on [[Hiroshima]] and [[Nagasaki]], forcing the [[surrender of Japan]] and thereby cancelling Operation Downfall. The division landed in Japan in October 1945 for [[Occupied Japan|occupation duty]], and was inactivated a few months later on 15 March 1946.

===Casualties===

*'''Total battle casualties:''' 7,461<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953">Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths, Final Report (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953)</ref>
*'''Killed in action:''' 1,449<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>
*'''Wounded in action:''' 5,935<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>
*'''Missing in action:''' 76
*'''Prisoner of war:''' 27<ref name="Nonbattle Deaths 1953"/>

== Postwar ==
From 1947 to 1965, the 77th Infantry Division was one of the six combat divisions in the Army Reserve. The 77th Army Reserve Command (ARCOM) was formed in December 1967 after Secretary McNamara ordered a reduction in the number of USAR combat divisions. Since 1968, the 77th ARCOM and its successors were headquartered in Bayside, Queens, New York at Fort Totten.

The 77th ARCOM was reorganized into the 77th Regional Support Command on October 1, 1995. In wartime, the 77th RRC would assist Reserve unit mobilization; in peacetime, it was tasked to support the [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]], if natural or manmade disasters occurred. Five soldiers from the 77th Regional Support Command lost their lives at the World Trade Center in the [[September 11 attacks]], while serving in their civilian duties.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dvidshub.net/news/94404/fort-totten-queens-new-york-9-11-2001-memorial-ceremony |title=Fort Totten, Queens, New York 9/11/2001 Memorial Ceremony |author=Capt. Jason Pyeatt |publisher=361st Public Affairs Operations Center |date=8 Sep 2012 |access-date=6 Dec 2013}}</ref>

In late 2003 all Regional Support Commands were re-designated to Regional Readiness Commands. The Department of Defense, in its 2005 BRAC recommendations, recommended the disestablishment of the unit (see below).
 
The lineage of the 77th Infantry Division is perpetuated today by the 77th Sustainment Brigade, a unit of the [[United States Army Reserve]].
Its headquarters has been at [[Fort Dix]], New Jersey (Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst), since its predecessor command, the 77th Regional Readiness Command, was disestablished in 2008 from [[Fort Totten, New York|Fort Totten]] in [[Bayside, Queens]], New York.

In 2011, the brigade deployed to Iraq towards the end of the [[Iraq War]] (U.S. phase, 2003-11). By this time the operation name was "New Dawn." The brigade headquarters was stationed in [[Joint Base Balad]], Iraq and held logistical responsibility for the re-posturing of forces in northern Iraq. The unit's motto is "Liberty Warriors".{{fact|date=August 2019}}

== See also ==
*[[Desmond Doss]]: combat medic of the 77th who received the [[Medal of Honor]] during the [[Battle of Okinawa]]
*[[Martin O. May]]: machine gunner who refused to withdraw and broke up multiple enemy attacks during combat operations on Ie-shima during the [[Battle of Okinawa]]. Posthumously awarded the [[Medal of Honor]]
*[[Joseph E. Muller]]: sergeant who received the [[Medal of Honor]] posthumously for small unit leadership and throwing himself on a grenade to save two soldiers during [[Battle of Okinawa]] combat operations
*[[Robert B. Nett]]: during [[Battle of Leyte]] combat operations, then-Lt. Nett led an infantry company attack against an enemy battalion position, killed several enemy soldiers and was wounded multiple times. He received the [[Medal of Honor]]

==References==
; Notes
{{reflist}}
; Bibliography
* {{ACMH| article = The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States'' U.S. Government Printing Office'' | url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cbtchron.html}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060326115142/http://www.homeofheroes.com/wings/part1/3_lostbattalion.html]
* Myers, Max. (ed.) ''Ours to Hold It High: The History of the 77th Infantry Division in World War II by Men Who Were There''. Washington, D.C.: Infantry Journal Press, 1947.
https://archive.org/stream/OursToHoldItHigh#page/n1/mode/2up
https://armydivs.squarespace.com/77th-infantry-division

==Further reading==
* Adler, Julius Ochs (ed.). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=7ZJDAAAAYAAJ&q=History+of+the+Seventy+Seventh+Division History of the Seventy Seventh Division, August 25th. 1917 - November 11th. 1918]''. New York: The 77th Division Association, 1919. Pages 199-207 are devoted to a description of the "Lost Battalion".
* Klausner, Julius Jr. ''Company B, 307th Infantry: Its History, Honor Roll and Company Roster''. New York: Burke-Kelly American Legion Post No. 172, 1920.
* McKeogh, Arthur. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=wtIMAAAAYAAJ&q=The+Victorious+77th+Division The Victorious 77th Division (New York’s Own) in the Argonne Fight]''. NY: John H. Eggers, 1919.
* Rainsford, Walter Kerr. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=CNgLAAAAYAAJ From Upton to the Meuse with the Three Hundred and Seventh Infantry]''. New York: Appleton, 1920. Rainsford was commander of Company M, and later of Company L, of the 307th. This book contains a detailed account of the "Lost Battalion" in Chapter X (pages 195-224). 
* ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=0_tEAAAAYAAJ&q=Through+the+War+with+Company+D%2C+307th+Infantry Through the War with Company D, 307th Infantry, 77th Division]''. New York: 1919.
* Tiebout, Frank Bosworth. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_5zvAAAAMAAJ&q=A+History+of+the+305th+Infantry A History of the 305th Infantry]''. New York: 305th infantry Auxiliary, 1919. {{OCLC|3502040}}
* Whittlesey, Charles W. and George G. McMurtry. "The Epic of the Lost Battalion". ''The New York Times'', 30 September 1928.

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-P-Marianas/USA-P-Marianas-17.html WWII Pacific Theatre: Campaign in the Marianas – Guam, 21–25 July 1944] a publication of the [[United States Army Center of Military History]]
*[http://www.77thinfdivroa.org/memorials/fttottenmemorial.html 77th Memorial Grove, Fort Totten, Bayside, NY]
*[http://www.77thinfdivroa.org/memorials/77th_infantry_memorial_expressway.html U.S. Army 77th Infantry Division Expressway, Queens County, NYC]
[https://archive.org/stream/OursToHoldItHigh#page/n1/mode/2up Ours To Hold It High: the history of the 77th Infantry Division in World War II]
{{Army Divisions (United States)|state=expanded}}
{{Statue of Liberty}}

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[[Category:Sustainment Brigades of the United States Army]]
[[Category:Statue of Liberty|77th Sustainment Brigade]]