View source for Abarema

{{Short description|Genus of legumes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Abarema cochliocarpos]]''
| taxon = Abarema
| authority = [[Henri François Pittier|Pittier]]<ref name = powo/>
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 3; see text
| subdivision_ref = <ref name = powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30032383-2 ''Abarema'' Pittier]. ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 25 March 2025.</ref>
| synonyms = 
|synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo/>
}}

'''''Abarema''''' is a [[neotropic]]al [[genus]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Fabaceae]]. It is native to [[Brazil]] and [[Venezuela]].<ref name = powo/> Most of the species can be found in the [[Amazon Basin]] and the [[Guyana]] Highlands. They have a deep-green fernlike [[Leaf|foliage]], with bipinnately compound leaves.

==Taxonomy==
In older works, the entire genus is usually included within ''[[Pithecellobium]]''.<ref>Barneby & Grimes (1996), ILDIS (2005)</ref> Following the 1996 revision, about 45 [[species]] were accepted. This genus has been proven to be [[polyphyletic]] under its previous circumscription. As a result of the genetic evidence, the genera ''[[Jupunba]]'' and ''[[Punjuba]]'' were separated from ''Abarema'', and most of those species are now placed in ''Jupunba'' and ''Punjuba''.<ref name = "Soares et al., 2021">Soares, M. V. B., Guerra, E., Morim, M. P., & Iganci, J. R. V. (2021). [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marcos-Soares-17/publication/349853567_Reinstatement_and_recircumscription_of_Jupunba_and_Punjuba_Fabaceae_based_on_phylogenetic_evidence/links/6276df812f9ccf58eb36f971/Reinstatement-and-recircumscription-of-Jupunba-and-Punjuba-Fabaceae-based-on-phylogenetic-evidence.pdf "Reinstatement and recircumscription of ''Jupunba'' and ''Punjuba'' (Fabaceae) based on phylogenetic evidence."] Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 196(4), 456-479.</ref>

===Species===
''[[Plants of the World Online]]'' currently accepts three species.<ref name = powo/>
*''[[Abarema cochliacarpos]]'' {{small|(Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}} &ndash; barbatimo: eastern Brazil
*''[[Abarema diamantina]]'' {{small|E.Guerra, Iganci & M.P.Morim}} – northeastern Brazil (central Bahia)
*''[[Abarema levelii]]'' {{small|(R.S.Cowan) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}} – southern Venezuela and northern Brazil

===Status uncertain===
* ''[[Abarema agropecuaria]]'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}} ([[World Flora Online]] considers this an [[unplaced name]])<ref>WFO (2025). [http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000194236 ''Abarema agropecuaria'' Barneby & J.W.Grimes]. [[World Flora Online]]. Retrieved 26 March 2025.</ref>
* ''[[Abarema ricoae]]'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes, nom. inval.}} ([[World Flora Online]] considers this an [[unplaced name]])<ref>WFO (2025). [http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000194235 ''Abarema ricoae'' Barneby & J.W.Grimes]. ''[[World Flora Online]]''. Retrieved 27 March 2025.</ref>

===Formerly placed here===
* ''[[Archidendron bigeminum]]'' <small>(L.) I.C.Nielsen</small> (as ''Abarema abeywickramae'' <small>Kosterm.</small>, ''Abarema bigemina'' <small>(L.) Kosterm.</small>, and ''Abarema monadelpha'' <small>(Roxb.) Kosterm.</small>)<ref>{{cite POWO |id=914849-1 |title=''Archidendron bigeminum'' (L.) I.C.Nielsen |accessdate=17 January 2022}}</ref>
* ''[[Archidendron grandiflorum]]'' <small>(Benth.) I.C.Nielsen</small> (as ''Abarema grandiflora'' <small>(Benth.) Kosterm.</small>)<ref>{{cite POWO |id=910035-1 |title=''Archidendron grandiflorum'' (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen |accessdate=17 January 2022}}</ref>
* ''[[Archidendron hendersonii]]'' <small>(F.Muell.) I.C.Nielsen</small> (as ''Abarema hendersonii'' <small>(F.Muell.) Kosterm.</small>)<ref>{{cite POWO |id=910036-1 |title=''Archidendron hendersonii'' (F.Muell.) I.C.Nielsen |accessdate=17 January 2022}}</ref>
* ''[[Hydrochorea acreana]]'' {{small|(J.F.Macbr.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}} (as ''Abarema acreana'' {{small|(J.F.Macbr.) L.Rico}})
* ''[[Jupunba abbottii]]'' {{small|(Rose & Leonard) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema abbottii'' {{small|(Rose & Leonard) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}}) &ndash; Abbott abarema
* ''[[Jupunba adenophora]]'' {{small|(Ducke) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema adenophora'' {{small|(Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba alexandri]]'' {{small|(Urb.) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema alexandri'' {{small|(Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba asplenifolia]]'' {{small|(Griseb.) Britton & Rose}} (''Abarema asplenifolia'' {{small|(Griseb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}}) &ndash; spleen-leaved abarema
* ''[[Jupunba auriculata]]'' {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema auriculata'' <small>(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes</small> &ndash; ''guarango maní''<!-- Caldasia27:89. -->
* ''[[Jupunba barbouriana]]'' {{small|(Standl.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (synonym ''Abarema barbouriana'' {{small|(Standl.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}}) &ndash; Barbour abarema
*''[[Jupunba brachystachya]]'' {{small|(DC.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema brachystachya'' {{small|(DC.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}} and ''Abarema obovata'' {{small|(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}}) – obovate abarema
*''[[Jupunba campestris]]'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema campestris'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
*''[[Jupunba cochleata]]'' {{small|(Willd.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema cochleata'' {{small|(Willd.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
** [[Jupunba cochleata var. moniliformis|''Jupunba cochleata'' var. ''moniliformis'']] {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema cochleata'' var. ''moniliformis'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}} and ''Abarema moniliformis'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba commutata]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema commutata'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba curvicarpa]]'' {{small|(H.S.Irwin) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema curvicarpa'' {{small|(H.S.Irwin) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
** [[Jupunba curvicarpa var. rodriguesii|''Jupunba curvicarpa'' var. ''rodriguesii'']] {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes)}} {{small|M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} as ''Abarema curvicarpa'' var. ''rodriguesii'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba ferruginea]]'' {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema ferruginea'' {{small|(Benth.) Pittier}})
* ''[[Jupunba filamentosa]]'' {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (''Abarema filamentosa'' {{small|(Benth.) Pittier}})
* ''[[Jupunba floribunda]]'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema floribunda'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba gallorum]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema gallorum'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba ganymedea]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema ganymedea'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba glauca]]'' {{small|(Urb.) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema glauca'' {{small|(Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba idiopoda]]'' <small>(S.F.Blake) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci</small> (as ''Abarema idiopoda'' <small>(S.F.Blake) Barneby & J.W.Grimes</small>)<ref>{{cite POWO |id=77218789-1 |title=''Jupunba idiopoda'' (S.F.Blake) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci |accessdate=17 January 2022}}</ref>
* ''[[Jupunba laeta]]'' {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema laeta'' {{small|(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba langsdorffii]]'' {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema langsdorffii'' {{small|(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba leucophylla]]'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema leucophylla'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
** [[Jupunba leucophylla var. vaupesensis|''Jupunba leucophylla'' var. ''vaupesensis'']] {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema leucophylla'' var. ''vaupesensis'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba longipedunculata]]'' {{small|(H.S.Irwin) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (''Abarema longipedunculata'' {{small|(H.S.Irwin) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba macradenia]]'' {{small|(Pittier) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema macradenia'' {{small|(Pittier) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}}) &ndash; Panama abarema
* ''[[Jupunba mataybifolia]]'' {{small|(Sandwith) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema mataybifolia'' {{small|(Sandwith) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba microcalyx]]'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema microcalyx'' {{small|(Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba nipensis]]'' {{small|(Britton) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema nipensis'' {{small|(Britton) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba obovalis]]'' {{small|(A.Rich.) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema obovalis'' {{small|(A.Rich.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba oppositifolia]]'' {{small|(Urb.) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema oppositifolia'' {{small|(Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}}) &ndash; opposite-leaved abarema
* ''[[Jupunba oxyphyllidia]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema oxyphyllidia'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba piresii]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema piresii'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
*''[[Jupunba trapezifolia]]'' {{small|(Vahl) Moldenke}} (as ''Abarema trapezifolia'' {{small|(Vahl) Pittier}} and ''Abarema jupunba'' var. ''trapezifolia'' {{small|(Vahl) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
**[[Jupunba trapezifolia var. micradenia|''Jupunba trapezifolia'' var. ''micradenia'']] {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema jupunba'' {{small|(Willd.) Britton & Killip}}) &ndash; Delmare abarema, crabwood, dalmare, delmare, jumbie head, soapy-soapy; wild tamarin ([[Grenada]], [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]], tropical South America)
* ''[[Jupunba turbinata]]'' {{small|(Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema turbinata'' {{small|(Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba villifera]]'' {{small|(Ducke) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema villifera'' {{small|(Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Jupunba zolleriana]]'' {{small|(Standl. & Steyerm.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema zolleriana'' {{small|(Standl. & Steyerm.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Punjuba callejasii]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema callejasii'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Punjuba centiflora]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} (as ''Abarema centiflora'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Punjuba josephi]]'' {{small|(Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci}} as ''Abarema josephi'' {{small|Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Punjuba killipii]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema killipii'' {{small|(Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Punjuba lehmannii]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema lehmannii'' {{small|(Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})
* ''[[Punjuba racemiflora]]'' {{small|(Donn.Sm.) Britton & Rose}} (as ''Abarema racemiflora'' {{small|(Donn.Sm.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes}})

==Footnotes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{Commons category-inline}}
* {{aut|Barneby, R.C. & Grimes, J.W.}} (1996): Silk Tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's Earring: A generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part I. ''Abarema'', ''Albizia'', and Allies. ''Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden'' '''74'''(1): 1–292. <small>{{ISBN|0-89327-395-3}}</small>
* {{aut|International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS)}} (2005): [https://web.archive.org/web/20140517100307/http://www.ildis.org/ Genus ''Abarema'']. Version 10.01, November 2005. Retrieved 2008-MAR-31.

{{Taxonbar|from=Q26376}}

[[Category:Abarema| ]]
[[Category:Fabaceae genera]]
[[Category:Flora of Southern America]]
[[Category:Taxa described in 1927]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Henri François Pittier]]