View source for Adobe InDesign

{{Short description|Desktop publishing software}}
{{Overly detailed|date=April 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox software
| name = Adobe InDesign <!--Pure text in this field only; used for other functions -->
| logo = Adobe Indesign CC 2026 icon.svg
| screenshot = Adobe InDesign 2020 on macOS Catalina.png
| caption = Adobe InDesign 2020 running on [[macOS Catalina]]
| developer = [[Adobe Inc.|Adobe]]
| released = {{start date|1999|08|31}}
| latest release version = CC 2025 (20.0.1)
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2024|11}}
| programming language = [[C++]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stroustrup.com/applications.html |title=The Programming Languages Beacon, v10.0 |first=Vincent |last =Lextrait |date=January 2010 |access-date=March 14, 2010}}{{dubious|reason="I (Bjarne Stroustrup) don't make any guarantees about the accuracy of the list. I believe that it's accurate -- I trust the people who sent me examples, but I have not seen the source code myself."|date=August 2023}}</ref>
| operating system = [[Windows]], [[macOS]]
| language count = 24
| language footnote = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adobe.com/products/indesign/languages/ |title=language versions &#124; Adobe InDesign CS5 |publisher=Adobe.com |access-date=December 4, 2010}}</ref>
| language = English, Arabic, Brazilian Portuguese, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian, Zulu
| genre = [[Desktop publishing]]
| license = [[Trialware]], [[Software license#Proprietary software licenses|Proprietary]], term
| website = {{URL|https://adobe.com/indesign}}
}}

'''Adobe InDesign''' is a [[desktop publishing]] and page layout designing software [[application software|application]] produced by [[Adobe Inc.|Adobe]] and first released in 1999. It can be used to create works such as [[poster]]s, flyers, [[brochure]]s, [[magazine]]s, [[newspaper]]s, presentations, [[book]]s and [[ebook]]s. InDesign can also publish content suitable for tablet devices in conjunction with Adobe Digital Publishing Suite. [[Graphic designer]]s and [[production artist]]s are the principal users.

InDesign is the successor to [[Adobe PageMaker]], which Adobe acquired by buying [[Aldus Corporation]] in late 1994. ([[Adobe FreeHand|Freehand]], Aldus's competitor to Adobe Illustrator, was licensed from [[Altsys]], the maker of [[Fontographer]].) By 1998, PageMaker had lost much of the professional market to the comparatively feature-rich [[QuarkXPress]] version 3.3, released in 1992, and version 4.0, released in 1996. In 1999, Quark announced its offer to buy Adobe<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1999/0531/6311064a_print.html | title = Pride goeth before destruction | first = Ann | last = Marsh | date = May 31, 1999 | access-date = February 5, 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170828143201/https://www.forbes.com/forbes/1999/0531/6311064a.html | archive-date = August 28, 2017 | work = [[Forbes]]}}</ref> and to divest the combined company of PageMaker to avoid problems under [[United States antitrust law]]. Adobe declined Quark's offer and continued to develop a new desktop publishing application. Aldus had begun developing a successor to PageMaker, code-named "Shuksan". Later, Adobe code-named the project "K2", and Adobe released InDesign 1.0 in 1999.

InDesign exports documents in Adobe's [[PDF|Portable Document Format]] (PDF) and supports multiple languages. It was the first DTP application to support [[Unicode]] [[character set]]s, advanced typography with [[OpenType]] [[Typeface|fonts]], advanced transparency features, layout styles, optical margin alignment, and cross-platform scripting with [[JavaScript]]. Later versions of the software introduced new file formats. To support the new features, especially typography, introduced with InDesign CS, the program and its document format are not backward-compatible. Instead, InDesign CS2 introduced the INX ({{Not a typo|.inx}}) format, an XML-based document representation, to allow backward compatibility with future versions. InDesign CS versions updated with the 3.1 April 2005 update can read InDesign CS2-saved files exported to the {{Not a typo|.inx}} format. The InDesign Interchange format does not support versions earlier than InDesign CS. With InDesign CS4, Adobe replaced INX with InDesign Markup Language (IDML), another XML-based document representation.<ref>{{cite web|title=InDesign developer documentation|url=https://www.adobe.com/devnet/indesign/documentation.html#idml|work=Adobe Developer Connection|publisher=[[Adobe Systems]]|access-date=November 24, 2013}}</ref>

InDesign was the first native [[macOS|Mac OS X]] publishing software. With the third major version, InDesign CS, Adobe increased InDesign's distribution by bundling it with Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe Acrobat in [[Adobe Creative Suite]]. Adobe developed InDesign CS3 (and Creative Suite 3) as [[universal binary]] software compatible with native [[Intel]] and [[PowerPC]] [[Apple Macintosh|Macs]] in 2007, two years after the announced 2005 schedule, inconveniencing early adopters of Intel-based Macs. Adobe CEO Bruce Chizen said, "Adobe will be first with a complete line of universal applications."<ref>[http://live.macobserver.com/article/2005/06/wwdc2005_keynote.shtml San Francisco - Live Coverage of Steve Jobs Keynote 1:00 PM EDT, June 6th, 2005] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091111152121/http://live.macobserver.com/article/2005/06/wwdc2005_keynote.shtml |date=November 11, 2009 }}, WWDC 2005 - Live Coverage of Keynote, The Mac Observer</ref>

== {{anchor|PSD}}File format ==
{{Infobox file format
| name          = InDesign document
| icon          = 
| logo          = 
| screenshot    = 
| caption       = 
| extension     = .indd
| mime          = application/x-indesign
| type code     = 
| uniform type  = 
| magic         = 
| owner         = 
| released      = <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|mm|dd/no}} -->
| latest release version = 
| latest release date = <!-- {{Start date and age|YYYY|mm|dd/no}} -->
| genre         = 
| container for = 
| contained by  = 
| extended from = 
| extended to   = 
| standard      = 
| open          = no
| url           = https://helpx.adobe.com/indesign/kb/supported-file-formats-indesign-cs5.html
}}

The MIME type is not official

* File Open formats: {{Not a typo|indd, indl, indt, indb, inx, idml, pmd, xqx}}
*New File formats: {{Not a typo|indd, indl, indb}}
*File Save As formats: {{Not a typo|indd, indt}}
*Save file format for InCopy:
*# {{Not a typo|icma}} (Assignment file)
*# {{Not a typo|icml}} (Content file, Exported file)
*# {{Not a typo|icap}} (Package for InCopy)
*# {{Not a typo|idap}} (Package for InDesign)
* File Export formats: {{Not a typo|pdf, idml, icml, eps, jpg, txt, XML, rtf}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://helpx.adobe.com/in/indesign/kb/supported-file-formats-indesign-cs5.html#main_SaveAs|title=Supported file formats for InDesign CS5|website=helpx.adobe.com|access-date=2019-12-06}}</ref>

==Versions==
Newer versions can, as a rule, open files created by older versions, but the reverse is not true. Current versions can export the InDesign file as an IDML file (InDesign Markup Language), which can be opened by InDesign versions from CS4 upwards; older versions from CS4 down can export to an INX file (InDesign Interchange format).<ref name="Adobeforum_thread1137371" /><ref name="prodesign_2013-02-20" />

=== Server version ===
[[File:InDesign Server.png|thumb|64px|Adobe InDesign Server]]
In October 2005, Adobe released InDesign Server CS2, a modified version of InDesign (without a [[user interface]]) for Windows and Macintosh server platforms. It does not provide any editing client; rather, it is for use by developers in creating client-server solutions with the InDesign plug-in technology.<ref>{{cite web
 |url         = https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressmaterials/pdfs/ID_Server_CS2_FAQ.pdf
 |title       = Adobe InDesign Server CS2 Frequently Asked Questions
 |work        = Adobe.com
 |access-date  = April 29, 2007
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20070604210516/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressmaterials/pdfs/ID_Server_CS2_FAQ.pdf
 |archive-date = June 4, 2007
 |url-status     = dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Dunn |first1=Max |title=The Greatest Software Product of All Time: A Developer's Appreciation of Adobe InDesign |url=https://medium.com/siliconpublishing/the-greatest-software-product-of-all-time-a-developers-appreciation-of-adobe-indesign-9d6ed90178d5 |website=Medium |date=December 19, 2019 |publisher=Silicon Publishing |access-date=20 May 2023}}</ref> In March 2007 Adobe officially announced Adobe InDesign CS3 Server as part of the Adobe InDesign family.

== Features ==
Paragraph styles are an essential tool for designers when working with text in Adobe InDesign.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How to use InDesign paragraph styles {{!}} Redokun Blog |url=https://redokun.com/blog/indesign-paragraph-styles#linked-styles |access-date=2023-05-04 |website=redokun.com |language=en}}</ref> Despite their menacing appearance, they are straightforward to operate. Other features that make InDesign a good tool for working with text and paragraphs include:
* Creating frames and shapes<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Rubin |first=Mira |title=Adding Media in Indesign |date=2011 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-240-81511-4.50014-6 |work=Interactive InDesign CS5 |pages=233–245 |publisher=Elsevier |doi=10.1016/b978-0-240-81511-4.50014-6 |isbn=9780240815114 |access-date=2022-05-11|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* Aligning objects with grids and guides<ref name=":0" />
* Manipulating objects<ref name=":0" />
* Organizing objects<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |first=Barbara |last=Assadi |title=InDesign CS2 For Dummies. |date=2005 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-7645-9572-1 |oclc=940844080}}</ref>
* Importing text<ref name=":1" />
* Formatting text<ref name=":1" />
* Spell checking<ref name=":1" />
* Importing images<ref name=":0" />
* Parent pages <ref>{{Cite web |date=January 17, 2022 |title=Parent pages |url=https://helpx.adobe.com/uk/indesign/using/master-pages.html |access-date=March 27, 2024 |website=Adobe InDesign User Guide}}</ref> (formerly ''master pages''<ref name=":0" />)
* Paragraph styles<ref name=":0" />

==Internationalization and localization==
InDesign Middle Eastern editions have unique settings for laying out Arabic or [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] text. They feature:
* '''Text settings''': Special settings for laying out Arabic or Hebrew text, such as:
*# Ability to use [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]] or [[Hindi]] digits;
*# Use [[kashida]]s for letter spacing and full justification;
*# [[Typographic ligature|Ligature]] option;
*# Adjust the position of [[diacritic]]s, such as vowels of the Arabic script;
*# [[Justification (typesetting)|Justify text]] in three possible ways: Standard, Arabic, [[Naskh (script)|Naskh]]{{explain|date=September 2014}};
*# Option to insert special characters, including [[Geresh]], [[Gershayim]], [[Maqaf]] for Hebrew and [[Kashida]] for Arabic texts;
*# Apply standard, Arabic, or Hebrew styles for page, paragraph, and footnote numbering.
* '''Bi-directional text flow''': Right-to-left behavior applies to several objects: Story, paragraph, character, and table. It allows mixing right-to-left and left-to-right words, paragraphs, and stories in a document. Changing the direction of neutral characters (e.g., / or ?) is possible according to the user's keyboard language.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://helpx.adobe.com/indesign/using/arabic-hebrew.html|title=Arabic and Hebrew features in InDesign|website=Adobe InDesign User Guide|language=en|access-date=August 7, 2018}}</ref>
* '''Table of contents''': Provides a table of contents titles, one for each supported language. This table is sorted according to the chosen language. InDesign CS4 Middle Eastern versions allow users to select the language of the index title and cross-references.
* '''Indices''': This allows the creation of a simple keyword index or a somewhat more detailed index of the information in the text using embedded indexing codes. Unlike more sophisticated programs, InDesign cannot insert character style information as part of an index entry (e.g., when indexing book, journal, or movie titles). Indices are limited to four levels (the top level and three sub-levels). Like tables of contents, indices can be sorted according to the selected language.
* '''Importing and exporting''': Can import [[QuarkXPress]] files up to version 4.1 (1999), even using Arabic XT, Arabic Phonyx, or Hebrew XPressWay fonts, retaining the layout and content. Includes 50 import/export filters, including a [[Microsoft Word]] 97-98-2000 import filter and a [[plain text]] import filter. Exports IDML files can be read by [[QuarkXPress]] 2017.
* '''Reverse layout''': Include a reverse layout feature to reverse the layout of a document when converting a left-to-right document to a right-to-left one or vice versa.
* '''Complex script rendering''': InDesign supports [[Unicode]] character encoding, and Middle Eastern editions support complex text layouts for Arabic and Hebrew complex scripts. The underlying Arabic and Hebrew support is present in the Western editions of InDesign CS4, CS5, CS5.5, and CS6, but the user interface is not exposed, making it difficult to access.

== See also ==
* [[Comparison of desktop publishing software]]
* [[List of desktop publishing software]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="Adobeforum_thread1137371">{{cite web
|url= https://forums.adobe.com/thread/1137371?tstart=0
|title=How do I save my file using InDesign CS6 so that it can be opened with CS5?
|work=forums.adobe.com
|date=January 2013
|access-date=January 28, 2015}}</ref>

<ref name="prodesign_2013-02-20">{{cite web
|url= http://prodesigntools.com/save-open-adobe-cs6-files-cs5-cs4-cs3.html
|title=Can You Save/Open CS6 Files on CS5, CS4 or CS3 – and Vice Versa?
|work=prodesigntools.com
|date=February 20, 2013
|access-date=January 28, 2015}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiversity|Adobe InDesign}}
* {{Official website|http://www.adobe.com/products/indesign/}}

{{AdobeCS}}
{{Adobe Systems}}
{{Desktop publishing software}}
{{ebooks}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Adobe Indesign}}
[[Category:1999 software]]
[[Category:Adobe Creative Suite|Indesign]]
[[Category:Adobe software|Indesign]]
[[Category:Desktop publishing software]]
[[Category:Graphics software]]
[[Category:Typesetting software]]
[[Category:Classic Mac OS software]]
[[Category:Desktop publishing software for macOS]]
[[Category:Desktop publishing software for Windows]]