View source for Adriano Banchieri

{{short description|Italian composer}}

[[Image:BANCHIERI-C64 001ritratto.jpg|thumb|250px|Adriano Banchieri.]]

'''Adriano Banchieri''' ([[Bologna]], 3 September 1568 &ndash; Bologna, 1634) was an Italian [[composer]], [[music theory|music theorist]], [[organ (music)|organ]]ist and [[poet]] of the late [[Renaissance music|Renaissance]] and early [[Baroque music|Baroque]] eras.  He founded the [[Accademia dei Floridi]] in [[Bologna]].<ref name="eb1911">{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Banchieri, Adriano}}</ref>

==Biography==
He was born and died in Bologna (then in the [[Papal States]]).  In 1587 he became a monk of the [[Benedictine order]], taking his vows in 1590, and changing his name to Adriano (from Tommaso). One of his teachers at the monastery was [[Gioseffo Guami]], who had a strong influence on his style.

Like [[Orazio Vecchi]] he was interested in converting the [[madrigal (music)|madrigal]] to dramatic purposes.<ref name="eb1911"/> Specifically, he was one of the developers of a form called "[[madrigal comedy]]" &mdash; unstaged but dramatic collections of madrigals which, when sung consecutively, told a story.  Formerly, madrigal comedy was considered to be one of the important precursors to opera, but most music scholars now see it as a separate development, part of a general interest in Italy at the time in creating musico-dramatic forms.  In addition, he was an important composer of [[canzonetta]]s, a lighter and hugely popular alternative to the madrigal in the late 16th century.
<!--remember to fact-check the following 1911 statement-->

Banchieri disapproved of the [[monody|monodists]] with all their revolutionary [[harmonic]] tendencies, about which he expressed himself vigorously in his ''Moderna Practica Musicale''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cartella musicale (Banchieri, Adriano) - IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download |url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Cartella_musicale_(Banchieri,_Adriano) |access-date=2022-09-03 |website=imslp.org}}</ref> (1613), while systematizing the legitimate use of the monodic art of [[figured bass]].<ref name="eb1911" />

In several editions beginning in 1605 (reprinted at least six times before 1638), Banchieri published a series of [[organ (music)|organ]] works entitled ''l'Organo suonarino''.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bonta|first=Stephen|title=The Uses of the 'Sonata de Chiesa'|location=Richmond, Va.|journal=Journal of the American Musicological Society|date=Spring 1969|volume=22|issue=1|issn=0003-0139|publisher=American Musicological Society|pages=56|jstor=830812|doi=10.2307/830812}}</ref>

Banchieri's last publication was the ''Trattenimenti da villa'' of 1630.<ref name="farahat">{{cite journal|journal=Early Music History|volume=10|pages=123–143|last=Farahat|first=Martha|
title=On the Staging of Madrigal Comedies|oclc=8595852|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge, U.K.|year=1991|doi=10.1017/S026112790000111X|issn=0261-1279|jstor=942452|s2cid=190706532}} Farahat's article concerns itself with the consensus among scholars that Banchieri's madrigal comedies were not intended to be staged but only for concert use, and some evidence that they were so intended; and a few related questions.</ref> According to Martha Farahat<ref name="farahat" /> he wrote five madrigal comedies between 1598 and 1628 with "plot and character development", starting with ''La pazzia senile'' of 1598, the last of them ''La saviezza giovenile''.

==Works==
===Secular vocal works===
* Primo libro di Madrigali a 4 voci (Milano, 1597)
* 6 Libri di canzonette a 3 voci 
** I Libro: {{lang|it|Hora prima di ricreazione}} (Venezia, 1597) 
** II Libro: {{lang|it|La pazzia senile. Ragionamenti vaghi et dilettevoli}} (Venezia, 1598) 
** III Libro: {{lang|it|Il studio dilettevole a 3 voci, nuovamente con vaghi argomenti et spassevoli intermedii fiorito nell'Amfiparnasso commedia musicale dell'Honoratio Vecchi}} (Milano, 1600) 
** IV Libro: {{lang|it|Il Metamorfosi musicale}} (Venezia, 1601) 
** V Libro: {{lang|it|Virtuoso ridotto tra signori e dame entr' il quale si concentra recitabilmente in suoni e canti una nuova commedia detta prudenza giovanile...}} Op.15 (Milano, 1607); republished as {{lang|it|Saviezza giovanile'}}(Venezia, 1628) 
** VI Libro: {{lang|it|Tirsi, Fili e Clori che in verde prato di variati fiori cantano}} (Venezia, 1614)
* {{lang|it|Il Zabaione musicale inventione boscareccia}} (Milano, 1604), first book of madrigals for five voices
* ''{{ill|Barca di Venetia per Padova|it}}'', Op.12 (Libro II madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1605)
* {{lang|it|Festino nella sera del giovedì grasso avanti cena}}, Op. 18 (Libro III madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1608)
* {{lang|it|Vivezze di Flora e Primavera cantate recitate e concertate con 5 voci, nello spinetto o chitarrone}}, Op. 44 (Libro V madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1622)
* {{lang|it|La Sampogna musicale}} (Bologna, 1625)
* {{lang|it|Il virtuoso ritrovo accademico del Dissonante, publicamente praticato con varianti concerti musicali a 1-5 voci ò stromenti nell'Accademia dei Filomusi}}, Op. 49 (Venezia, 1626)
* {{lang|it|La fida fanciulla, commedia esemplare con musicali intermedii apparenti e inapparenti}} (Bologna, 1628)
* {{lang|it|Trattenimenti da villa concertati in ordine seguente nel chitarrone con 5 voci in variati modi. Vaga et curiosa concatenatione drammatica}} (Libro VI madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1630)

===Sacred vocal works===
* Vezzo di perle musicali a 2 voci Op 23 (Bologna 1610)
* Nuovi pensieri ecclesiastici...
** Libro III Op 35 (1613)

==References in modern culture==
In 2008, a group of four composers including [[Lorenzo Ferrero]] and [[Bryan Johanson]] wrote a collaborative composition for organ and orchestra entitled ''Variazioni su un tema di Banchieri'', which was first performed in [[Bologna]] on August 2 of that same year.

==Media==
{{listen|filename=Adriano Banchieri - The Battle.ogg|title=The Battle|description=Performed by Sylvia Kind on a harpsichord of the type made in the early 20th century|format=[[Ogg]]}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* Cinzia Zotti, ''Le Sourire du moine: Adriano Banchieri da Bologna; Musicien, homme de lettres, pédagogue, équilibriste sur le fil des querelles du Seicento'', Serre Éditeur, Nice, 2008.

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{DBI |title= BANCHIERI, Adriano |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/adriano-banchieri_(Dizionario-Biografico)|last= Mischiati|first= Oscar|volume= 5}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161005203701/https://serre-editeur.fr/bouquinerie/663-le-sourire-du-moine-adriano-banchieri-da-bologna.html Adriano Banchieri, biographie de Cinzia Zotti.www.noblessedelasne.org]
*{{ChoralWiki}}
*{{IMSLP|id=Banchieri, Adriano|cname=Adriano Banchieri}}
*{{MutopiaComposer|BanchieriA}}
* [http://classicaland.com/fma.asp ''Contraponto bestiale alla mente''] (PDF - original version at classicaland.com)
* Original texts of [http://libri.freenfo.net/0/0012020.html ''Bertoldino''] and [http://libri.freenfo.net/0/0012010.html ''Caccasenno'']

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Banchieri, Adriano}}
[[Category:Italian male classical composers]]
[[Category:Italian Baroque composers]]
[[Category:Italian music theorists]]
[[Category:Composers from Bologna]]
[[Category:Italian Renaissance composers]]
[[Category:Italian classical organists]]
[[Category:Italian male classical organists]]
[[Category:Composers for pipe organ]]
[[Category:1568 births]]
[[Category:1634 deaths]]
[[Category:17th-century Italian composers]]
[[Category:17th-century Italian male musicians]]