View source for Akre

{{Distinguish|text=[[Acra (disambiguation)|Acra]], [[Accra]], [[Akra (disambiguation)|Akra]], [[Acre, Israel|Acre]], or [[Aqra (disambiguation)|Aqra]]}}
{{About||other uses|Akre (disambiguation)|and|Acre (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Akrê
| native_name             = {{lang|kr|ئاکرێ ([[Sorani Kurdish]])}}<br>{{lang|ar|عقرة ([[Arabic]])}}
| native_name_lang        = ku
| settlement_type         = City
| image_skyline           = File:Nawroz festival in Akre, Kurdistan Region of Iraq 09.jpg
| imagesize               = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = [[Newroz]] festival in Akre
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| pushpin_map             = Iraq
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location of Akre
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| coordinates             = {{coord|36|44|29|N|43|53|36|E|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
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| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|Iraq}}
| subdivision_type1       = Autonomous Region
| subdivision_name1       = {{flag|Kurdistan}}
| subdivision_type2       = [[Governorates of Iraq|Province]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Nineveh Governorate]] (de jure)
 [[Duhok Governorate]] (de facto)
| subdivision_type3       = District
| subdivision_name3       = [[Akre District]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 7th century BC
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| leader_title            = Governor
| leader_name             = Dalawar Bozo
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| population_as_of        = 2018
| population_total        = 68,100
| population_density_km2  = auto
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| timezone1               = +3
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}}
{{Kurds}}
{{Portal|Kurdistan|Iraq|Geography
}}
'''Akre'''  ({{langx|ku|ئاکرێ|Akrê}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Akrê- Ji ber bordûmana Tirkiyê 12 gund vala bûne |url=http://www.basnews.com/index.php/kr/news/kurdistan/492360 |access-date=18 December 2019 |page=ku}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ئاکرێ|url=http://duhoktourism.org/ku/place/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8E|language=ku|access-date=2020-11-11|archive-date=2023-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322091123/http://duhoktourism.org/ku/place/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8E|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{langx|ar|عقرة}},<ref>{{cite web |title=رغم الجائحة.. نحو 700 ألف سائح دخلوا دهوك أغلبهم من بغداد ونينوى |url=https://www.rudaw.net/arabic/kurdistan/061120204 |access-date=10 November 2020 |language=ar}}</ref>  {{langx|syr|ܥܩܪ|Aqra'}})<ref>Thomas A. Carlson et al., “ʿAqra — ܥܩܪ ” in The Syriac Gazetteer last modified December 9, 2016, http://syriaca.org/place/25.</ref> is a city located in [[Kurdistan Region]] of [[Iraq]].  It is disputed by the [[Nineveh Governorate]] and the [[Duhok Governorate]] which both partially claim it.  Akre is known for its celebrations of [[Newroz]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Fire lights the way for Kurds in Akre 'Kurdistan's Newroz capital' |url=https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/210320191 |access-date=12 December 2019 |work=Rûdaw |date=21 March 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Kurdistan mountaineering festival returns to 'Newroz capital' Akre |url=https://www.rudaw.net/english/lifestyle/22112019 |access-date=12 December 2019 |work=Rûdaw |date=22 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Akre {{!}} Unbelievable Kurdistan - Official Tourism Site of Kurdistan |url=http://bot.gov.krd/duhok-province/akre |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=bot.gov.krd}}</ref>

== History == 
[[File:Akre, Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region or Iraq 10.jpg|thumb|Buildings in Akre, on a steep slope with a mountain behind them]]
The city was built in the 7th century B.C. and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. The [[Medes]] ruled the city from 612 to 550 BC in what is known as its golden age. [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrian]] Prince Zand was the prince of the city.{{sfnp|Ismail|2015|p=115}}

In year 115, the town came under [[Roman Empire|Roman control]] commanded by Emperor [[Trajan]] and he set up a victory statue in the city. However, the locals quickly revolted and removed the statue.

The city was the [[fief]] of the Kurdish [[Humaydi (tribe)|Humaydi]] tribe since the 10th century, and as such, [[Yaqut al-Hamawi]] indicated that it was also known as ''‘Aqr al-Ḥumaydiya''. In 1133, the city was invaded by [[Imad al-Din Zengi]] of the [[Zengid dynasty]] who destroyed the defense wall of the city.{{sfnp|Ismail|2015|p=116}} The 14th-century [[Shihab al-Umari]] also noted the presence of the [[Yazidi]] [[Daseni|Dasni]] tribe.<ref>James, B. “Le « territoire tribal des Kurdes » et l’Aire Iraqienne (Xe-XIIIe Siècles): Esquisse des Recompositions Spatiales.” Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la Méditerranée 117-118 (2007).101-126.</ref> The decline of the [[Principality of Bitlis]] from the 1500s and 1700s allowed [[Bahdinan]] to take Akre and its surroundings. Bahdinan would however lose the town to Emir [[Muhammad Pasha of Rawanduz|Muhammad Kor]] of the [[Soran Emirate]] in 1833.{{sfnp|Eppel|2018|p=40-42}} Before losing the city, the Bahdinan era of the city saw significant cultural and economic developments and constructions. The city wall was also rebuilt with [[alabaster]]. However, during the 18th century, the city fell victim to various military campaigns from Soran Emirate which ultimately captured the city in 1833. The city would be captured by the Ottomans in 1842 due to its strategic location and continued to be under Ottoman rule until 1918. During this period, it was administered as part of the [[Mosul Vilayet]] and was populated by [[Christians]], [[Jews]], and [[Muslims]].{{sfnp|Ismail|2015|pp=116–117}}

=== 20th century ===
In 1924, {{Percentage|14975|16569|1}} of the population was [[Kurds|Kurdish]], while that number decreased to {{Percentage|12075|18675|1}} in 1931.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|author1=Fuat Dundar|date=2012|title=British Use of Statistics in the Iraqi Kurdish Question (1919–1932)|url=https://www.brandeis.edu/crown/publications/papers/pdfs/cp7.pdf|page=44|access-date=12 November 2019}}</ref> In 1947, 90% of the population was Kurdish.<ref>{{cite book|author1=C. J. Edmonds|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qm26AAAAIAAJ|title=Kurds, Turks and Arabs, Politics, Travel and Research in North-Eastern Iraq, 1919-1925|date=1957|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=|location=|page=439|access-date=17 November 2019}}</ref>

==Notable natives==
{{div col}}
* [[Widad Akrawi|Dr. Widad Akreyi]], award-winning international humanitarian, medical expert, author
* [[Hiner Saleem]], Kurdish film director
* [[Yitzhak Mordechai]], former Israeli General & Minister of Defense<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u_DFlzttxl0C&q=aqrah+iraq&pg=PA231 |title = Middle East|isbn = 9781742203591|last1 = Ham|first1 = Anthony|date = 2010-09-15}}</ref> 
* [[Hoshyar Zebari]], former Iraqi Foreign minister<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2014/5/govt2295.htm|title = Hoshyar Zebari, a consensus candidate for Iraqi presidency: Diplomat}}</ref>
*Sarkaft Hesso Akreyi ( 1991 - ) Vertegenwoordiger - Barzani Volunteer Group NL/KRD
== Bibliography ==
* {{citation|chapter=The Kurdish emirates|chapter-url=https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315627427-4#sec3_3_1|year=2018|publisher=Routledge Handbooks Online|isbn=978-1-138-64664-3|access-date=1 May 2020|author-last=Eppel|author-first=Michael|title=Routledge Handbook on the Kurds|pages=35–47|doi=10.4324/9781315627427-4|s2cid=186808301 }}
* {{Citation|last=Ismail|first=Shireen Y.|title=Promoting integrated heritage conservation and management in Iraqi Kurdistan Region applicability of values-based approach the case study of Akre and Amedy City in Duhok Province.|date=2015|volume=|pages=|publisher=[[University of Dortmund]]}}
{{div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Districts of Iraq}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Iraqi Kurdistan]]
[[Category:Akre]]
[[Category:Populated places in Dohuk Province]]
[[Category:District capitals of Iraq]]
[[Category:Kurdish settlements in Iraq]]
[[Category:Assyrian communities in Iraq]]
[[Category:Historic Jewish communities in Iraq]]