View source for All Hallows Staining

{{Short description|Church in London, UK}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2014}}
{{Infobox church
| name             = All Hallows Staining
| fullname         =
| color            =
| image            = AllHallowsStaining Tower.JPG
| imagesize        =
| caption          = Remaining tower
| landscape        =
| denomination     = [[Anglican]]
| diocese          =
|pushpin map=London
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| closed_date      =
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| bishop           =
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| archdeacon       =
| dean             =
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| rector           =
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| prebendary       =
| curate           =
| chaplain         =
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| deacon           =
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| country          = England
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}}
{{Infobox UK legislation
| short_title           = Allhallows Staining Church Act 2010
| type                  = Act
| parliament            = Parliament of the United Kingdom
| long_title            = An Act to remove certain restrictions relating to the use of land comprising the former church of Allhallows Staining, its churchyard, and other adjoining land in the City of London; to make provision for the removal of any human remains from the land and to enable its use for other purposes; and for connected purposes.
| year                  = 2010
| citation              = [[List of acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 2010|2010]] c. v
| introduced_commons    = 
| introduced_lords      = 
| territorial_extent    = 
| royal_assent          = 27 July 2010
| commencement          = 
| expiry_date           = 
| repeal_date           = 
| amends                = 
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| theyworkforyou        = 
| millbankhansard       = 
| original_text         = https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2010/5/contents/enacted
| revised_text          = 
| use_new_UK-LEG        = 
| UK-LEG_title          = 
| collapsed             = yes
}}

'''All Hallows Staining''' was a [[Church of England]] church located at the junction of [[Mark Lane, London|Mark Lane]] and Dunster Court in the north-eastern corner of [[Langbourn]] ward in the [[City of London]], [[England]], close to [[Fenchurch Street railway station]].<ref>G. Huelin. ''Vanished Churches of the City of London.'' Guildhall Library Publication, London, 1996. {{ISBN|0900422424}}</ref> All that remains of the church is the tower, built around AD 1320 as part of the second church on the site. Use of the grounds around the church is the subject of the Allhallows Staining Church Act 2010 (c. v).<ref>{{cite web<!--{{cite legislation UK}} doesn't support local Acts-->|title=Allhallows Staining Church Act 2010 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2010/5/contents/enacted |date=27 July 2010 |website=[[legislation.gov.uk]] |publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]] |id=2010 c. v}}</ref>

==History==
The first mention of the church was in the late 12th century.<ref name="Pevsner+Bradley 1998">{{cite book |first1=N. |last1=Pevsner |first2=S. |last2=Bradley |title=London: the City Churches |location=New Haven, Connecticut |publisher=Yale University Press |year=1998 |isbn=0300096550}}</ref> It was named "Staining", which means stone,<ref>{{cite book |title=The City Churches |last=Tabor |first=M. |page=26 |location=London |publisher=Swarthmore Press |year=1917}}</ref> to distinguish it from the other churches of All Hallows in the City of London, which were wooden.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Visitor's Guide to the City of London Churches |last=Tucker |first=T. |location=London |publisher=Friends of the City Churches |year=2006 |isbn=0955394503}}</ref>

The old church survived the [[Great Fire of London]] in 1666 but collapsed five years later in 1671,<ref>{{cite book |title=The London Encyclopaedia |last1=Hibbert |first1=C. |last2=Weinreb |first2=D. |last3=Keay |first3=J. |location=London |publisher=[[Pan Macmillan]] |orig-year=first pub. 1983 |year=<!--rev 1993, -->2008 |isbn=978-1405049245}}</ref>{{nonspecific|reason=Which edition are we actually citing? Pick one, ignore the others (except original). Also which entry? Use Cite encyclopedia|date=September 2025}} leaving only the tower and a small part of the west end.<ref name=godwin>{{cite book |first1=George |last1=Godwin |first2=John |last2=Britton |title=The churches of London |volume=2 |date=1839 |publisher=C. Tilt |location=London |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/churcheslondona01britgoog/page/n236/mode/2up?q=staining |language=en |chapter=Allhallows'<!--sic--> Staining}}</ref> It was thought its foundations had been weakened by too many burials in the churchyard close to the church walls. The church was rebuilt in 1674. A 19th century account of the rebuilt church describes the interior as "nothing more than a long narrow room, with a simple cornice around the walls". The medieval tower stood at the northwest corner.<ref name=godwin/>

[[File:PAHSt1010012.JPG|thumb|left|Etching, drawn 1922]]
In 1870 the parish of All Hallows Staining was combined with that of [[St Olave Hart Street]]<ref>{{cite book |first=John |last=Betjeman |author-link=John Betjeman |title=The City of London Churches |publisher=Pitkin |location=Andover |year=1967 |isbn=0853721122}}</ref>{{verify inline|reason=Google Books says 1974|date=September 2025}} and All Hallows was demolished, leaving only the tower.<ref name="Pevsner+Bradley 1998"/> The proceeds from the demolition funded the construction of a new church in [[East End of London]], [[All Hallows, Bow]].<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Cherry |editor1-first=Bridget |editor2-last=O'Brien |editor2-first=Charles |editor3-last=Pevsner |editor3-first=Nicholas |editor3-link=Nicholas Pevsner |date=2005 |title=The Buildings of England |volume=London 5, East |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EW7k2KA4UkwC&q=%22+Ewan+Christian.%22+all+hallows+bromley+by+bow&pg=PA603 |location=New Haven, Connecticut |publisher=Yale University Press |pages=603–604 |isbn=0300107013 }}</ref> Since then the tower has been owned and  maintained by the [[Worshipful Company of Clothworkers]], one of the livery companies of the City of London, whose hall was adjacent to it.

During the [[Second World War]] in 1941, St Olave Hart Street was badly damaged by bombs. Between 1948 and 1954, when the restored St Olave's was reopened, a prefabricated church stood on the site of All Hallows Staining.  This was known as St Olave Mark Lane.  The tower of All Hallows Staining was used as the [[chancel]] of the temporary church.

In 1957 the Clothworkers' Company built a church hall for St Olave Hart Street on the site of All Hallows Staining. The old tower stood at the back of a small courtyard next to the new hall; and the remains of the church were designated a Grade I [[listed building]] on 4 January 1950.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1064605 |access-date=23 January 2009}}</ref>

==Lambe's Chapel Crypt==
Until the current redevelopment, the remains of Lambe's Chapel Crypt lay beneath the yard adjacent to the tower. The structure had been moved from the site of Lambe's Chapel in Monkswell Street and rebuilt there in 1872, following the purchase of all Hallows by the Clothworkers Company, which had previously owned the chapel. It is named after William Lamb, once a Master of the company.<ref name=city>{{cite web |title=Site Bounded By Fenchurch Street, Mark Lane, Dunster Court And Mincing Lane. London EC3M 3JY |url=https://democracy.cityoflondon.gov.uk/documents/s132825/19-01307-FULEIA%20report.pdf |publisher=City of London Corporation}}</ref>{{primary inline|reason=Needs more info about what this source is. Refers to a "committee" but doesn't identify it. City of London planning committee possibly? If a web landing page is available for the document, link to it instead|date=September 2025}} The reconstruction was however only about half the size of the original structure and incorporated a great deal of new material.<ref name=city/>
It was said to have formed part of the Hermitage of St James on the Wall. These remains were designated Grade II at the same time as the main tower.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1193707 |desc=Lambe's Chapel Crypt under yard formerly belonging to Church of All Hallows Staining |access-date=24 January 2009}}</ref> 

===Contemporary description===
The contemporary historian [[John Strype]] wrote in his two-volume work ''A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster'' (1720):
{{quote|
At the North Corner of this Street, on the same side, was sometime an Hermitage or Chappel of St. James, called In the Wall, near Cripplegate. It belonged to the Abbey and Covent of Garadon, as appeareth by a Record, the Seven and twentieth of Edward I. And also by a Record the 16 of Edward III. William de Lions was Hermit there; and the Abbot and Covent of Geredon found two Chaplains, Cestercian {{sic}} Monks of their House, in this Hermitage: one of them for Aymor de Valence, Earl of Pembrook; and Mary de Saint Paul, his Countess.

Of these Monks, and of a Well pertaining to them, the Street took that Name, and is called Monks Well street. This Hermitage, with the Appurtenances, was in the Reign of Edward VI. purchased from the said King, by William Lambe, one of the Gentlemen of the King's Chappel, Citizen and Clothworker of London. He deceased in the Year 1577. and then gave it to the Clothworkers of London; with other Tenements, to the value of Fifty Pounds the Year; to the intent they shall hire a Minister to say Divine Service there.<ref>{{cite book |first=John |last=Strype |author-link=John Strype |title=A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster |chapter=Book 3, Chapter 8: Faringdon Ward |location=London |year=1720}}</ref>
}}

==Redevelopment scheme==
[[File:Winziger Kirchturm in Baustelle.jpg|thumb|Tiny church tower in the middle of a construction site (2025)]]
As of 2025 the whole block in which the tower stands is undergoing  redevelopment,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kajastie |first1=Nia |title=Excavation and heritage structure support for City of London tower scheme |url=https://www.geplus.co.uk/features/building-a-36-storey-tower-next-to-a-14th-century-church-22-05-2025/ |website=Ground Engineering |language=en |date=22 May 2025}}</ref> involving the demolition of all other buildings on the site,  including the  Clothworkers' Hall and St  Olave's church hall, as well as the dismantling  of the Lambe's Chapel Crypt, and its reconstruction within the lower ground floor of a new office building.<ref name=city/> Proposed work to the tower includes removal of  modern infill  from  arches on the  south and east sides.<ref name=city/>

==See also==
{{Portal|Christianity}}
* [[List of churches and cathedrals of London]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Churches in the City of London}}

{{Coord|51|30|41.68|N|0|4|49.76|W|region:GB_type:landmark|display=title}}

[[Category:Churches in the City of London, of which only the tower remains]]
[[Category:Grade I listed churches in the City of London]]
[[Category:12th-century establishments in England]]