View source for Almada

{{other uses}}
{{Infobox Portuguese subdivision
| type            = municipality
|official_name      = Almada
|image_flag         = Pt-alm3.png
|flag_border        = no
|image_shield       = ALM1.png
| image_skyline           = {{Photomontage
| photo1a                 = Vista de Almada by Juntas (cropped).jpg
| photo2a                 = Edifício da Antiga Câmara Municipal, Almada - panoramio (cropped).jpg
| photo2b                 = Cristo Rei (36211699613) (cropped).jpg
| photo2c                 = 2010-03-07 14 02 24 Portugal-Costa de Caparica (cropped).jpg
| photo3a                 = Almada Forum.jpg
| photo3b                 = Metro Transportes do Sul - 25 Abril stop (cropped).jpg
| spacing                 = 2
| position                = center
| color_border            = white
| color                   = white
| size                    = 280
| foot_montage            = 
}}
|image_location     = LocalAlmada.svg
|region             = Lisbon
|metro              = [[Lisbon metropolitan area|Lisbon]]
|district           = [[Setúbal District|Setúbal]]
|parishes           = [[#Geography|5]]
|leader_name        = [[Inês de Medeiros]] 
|leader_party       = [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|coordinates        = {{coord|38|40|49|N|9|9|30|W|type:adm1st_region:PT_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
|elevation          = 33
|elevation_min      = 0
|elevation_max      = 
|area_total         = 70.21
|population_as_of   = 2011
|population_total   = 174030
|patron             = [[John the Baptist|São João Baptista]]
|postal_code        = 2805
|area_code          = 21 
|website            = {{website|http://www.m-almada.pt}}
}}
'''Almada''' ({{IPA|pt-PT|alˈmaðɐ|-|Pt-pt Almada FF.ogg}}) is a city and a [[municipalities of Portugal|municipality]] in Portugal, located on the southern margin of the [[Tagus River]], within the [[Lisbon metropolitan area|Lisbon Metropolitan Area]]. The city is connected to [[Lisbon]] by the [[25 de Abril Bridge]]. The population of the municipality in 2011 was 174,030,<ref name=ine>[http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xlang=en&xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0005889&contexto=pi&selTab=tab0 Instituto Nacional de Estatística]</ref> in an area of 70.21&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=dgt>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/ |title=Áreas das freguesias, concelhos, distritos e país |access-date=2018-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105172426/http://www.dgterritorio.pt/cartografia_e_geodesia/cartografia/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal_caop_/caop__download_/carta_administrativa_oficial_de_portugal___versao_2017__em_vigor_/ |archive-date=2018-11-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The urbanized core center, the city of Almada proper, had a population of 101,500 in 2001.<ref>City parishes: Almada, Cova da Piedade, Pragal e Cacilhas and Laranjeiro e Feijó. [http://dev.igeo.pt/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html UMA POPULAÇÃO QUE SE URBANIZA, Uma avaliação recente - Cidades, 2004] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006143612/http://dev.igeo.pt/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html |date=October 6, 2014 }} Nuno Pires Soares, Instituto Geográfico Português (Geographic Institute of Portugal)</ref>

==History==
Human presence in the area of Almada dates to the end of the [[Neolithic]] period about 5000 years ago; archeological excavations performed in the municipality suggest that non-sedentary nomadic tribes may have occupied this location sporadically. The gradual development of settlement here made its greatest advance with the coming of Islamic civilization, when Muslims constructed a fort at Almada to defend and monitor the entrance to the [[Tagus River]]. Lying across the river from Lisbon, the area of Almada was a crossroads for a succession of various peoples who traded along the Tagus, including [[Phoenicians]], [[Roman Empire|Roman]]s and [[Moors]].

As one of the principal Arab military bases along the southern margin of the Tagus, Almada was conquered by the Christian forces of [[Afonso I of Portugal|Afonso I]] with the aid of [[England|English]] [[Crusaders]] in 1147. Alongside these Christians there lived many free Moors and Jews, under the royal protection guaranteed them by Afonso I in the charter of 1170 (which applied to all the former Moorish strongholds at Lisbon, Almada, [[Palmela]] and Alcácer).

Almada received a [[foral]] from [[Sancho I of Portugal|King Sancho I]] in 1190, although it came at a price: Miramolim Jacub-Abu-Jassuf, son of the Moorish leader who had laid siege to [[Santarém, Portugal|Santarém]] in 1171, was angered by the Christian victories and gathered a large army. He boldly attacked in the north, conquering [[Alcácer do Sal]] and [[Silves, Portugal|Silves]], while forcing the residents of Almada, Palmela and other towns along the Tagus into hiding.<ref>John Felix Pereira (2009), p.31</ref> It would be some time after the death of Sancho before this region would be restored to Portuguese control.
 
When this event occurred with the success of the [[Reconquista]] in driving the Muslims out, the [[Order of Santiago]], a [[donatorio]] of Almada after 28 October 1186, had an important role in the territory (especially between the Tagus and [[Sado River]]s). In this role, it facilitated the repopulation of acquired territories and was the beneficiary of the various local economies.

==Geography==
[[File:Almada.jpg|thumb|737x737px|Panoramic view of Almada seen from the [[Christ the King (Almada)|Sanctuary of Christ the King]].|none]]
Although small in area, the city of Almada has a large population. It is bounded to the southeast by [[Seixal Municipality|Seixal]], to the south by [[Sesimbra]], to the west by the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and to the north and northeast by the Tagus River. At [[Cacilhas]], its main port, ferry boats transport visitors and local residents across to Lisbon daily, while the [[25 de Abril Bridge]], which spans the Tagus, is traversed by [[Fertagus|rail]], commercial and personal vehicles daily. Almada is considered a transportation hub and a fast-growing suburb; its coast has several sandy beaches and panoramic vistas.

Located in the [[Setúbal (district)|district of Setúbal]], the municipality includes two cities, Almada and Costa da Caparica, and is divided into five civil parishes:<ref>{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, page 552 10|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |access-date=8 July 2014|author=Diário da República|author-link=Diário da República|language=pt}}</ref>
* [[Almada, Cova da Piedade, Pragal e Cacilhas]]
* [[Caparica e Trafaria]]
* [[Charneca de Caparica e Sobreda]]
* [[Costa da Caparica]]
* [[Laranjeiro e Feijó]]

==Demographics==
{{Historical populations|1864|10192|1878|11896|1890|13530|1900|15764|1911|18076|1920|20291|1930|23694|1940|29546|1950|43768|1960|70968|1970|107575|1981|147690|1991|151783|2001|160825|2011|174030|2021|177238|align=none|cols=2|source=INE<ref>Instituto Nacional de Estatística. [https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_publicacoes (Recenseamentos Gerais da População)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408005823/https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_publicacoes |date=8 April 2008 }}</ref>}}

==Transportation==
[[File:Amadora_(35560985801).jpg|thumb|right|250px|Almada, Lisbon]]
The [[25 de Abril Bridge]] links Lisbon and Almada, which are on opposite sides of the Tagus river. The municipality is served by a light-rail transit system, the [[Metro Transportes do Sul]], linking it to the suburban rail system ([[Fertagus]]) serving [[Grande Lisboa|Greater Lisbon]] and the municipality of [[Seixal]].

== Sanctuary of Christ the King ==
{{main|Christ the King (Almada)}}

== Notable citizens ==
[[File:Joana de Portugal.jpg|thumb|140px|Joana de Portugal]]
=== Public service ===
* [[Joan of Portugal]] (1439–1475) Queen of Castile as the second wife of King [[Henry IV of Castile]].
* [[Elvira Fortunato]] (born 1964) a Portuguese scientist, professor in the Materials Science Department at the NOVA [[University of Lisbon]]
* [[Diana Prata]] (born ca.1975) neuroscientist, head of the Biomedical Neuroscience at the [[University of Lisbon]], brought up in Almada

=== Arts ===
[[File:Anabela.jpg|thumb|140px|Anabela, 2009]]
* [[Emília Pomar de Sousa Machado]] (1857-1944), writer, poet and spiritualist
* Vitor Gonçalves (born 1963) a Portuguese theatre director
* [[UHF (Portuguese band)|UHF]] (formed 1970's) rock band formed in Almada
* [[Anabela Braz Pires]] (born 1976) known as ''Anabela'', singer and musical theatre actress.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1746372/ Anabela, IMDb Database] retrieved 21 June 2021.</ref>
* [[:pt:Xutos & Pontapés|Xutos & Pontapés, (Wiki PT)]] (formed 1978) a Portuguese [[Rock music|Rock band]]
* [[Sara Tavares]] (born 1978) a Portuguese singer, composer, guitarist and percussionist, family from Almada
* [[Pedro Barateiro]] (born 1979) a Portuguese artist
* [[Patricia Ribeiro]] (born 1981) transsexual singer, songwriter, dancer and convicted extortionist.
* [[Da Weasel]] (formed 1993) a Portuguese [[Hip-hop music|hip-hop band]]/rock band from Almada
* [[Aenima (band)|Aenima]] (formed 1997) a Portuguese [[dark wave]], rock band
* [[Ava Inferi]] (2005–2013) a Portuguese [[Doom Metal]] band

=== Sport ===
[[File:L. Figo 2017 (cropped).jpg|thumb|140px|Luis Figo, 2017]]
* [[Alfredo Murça]] (1948–2007) a Portuguese international footballer with nearly 400 club caps
* [[Rui Eugénio]] (born 1966) a Portuguese former footballer with over 400 club caps
* [[Rui Madeira]] (born 1969), a Portuguese rally driver
* [[Luís Figo]] (born 1972) known as ''Figo'', former footballer with 570 caps and 127 for [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]
* [[Telma Monteiro]] (born 1985), world champion [[judoka]]
* [[Silvestre Varela]] (born 1985) a footballer with over 400 club caps and 27 for [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]
* [[Carlitos (footballer, born April 1985)|Carlos Emanuel Soares Tavares]] (born 1985) known as ''Carlitos'', a footballer with 350 club caps and 32 for [[Cape Verde national football team|Cape Verde]]
* [[Aylton Boa Morte]] (born 1993) a Portuguese footballer with over 350 club caps
* [[Mónica Mendes]] (born 1993) a Portuguese footballer with 51 caps for [[Portugal women's national football team|Portugal women]]
* [[Miguel Oliveira]] (born 1995) a Portuguese professional [[Grand Prix motorcycle racing|MotoGP]] Rider
*[[André Horta]] (born 1996) a Portuguese footballer
* [[Rafael Leão]] (born 1999) a Portuguese footballer
* [[Paulo Bernardo (footballer)]] (born 2002) footballer who plays as a midfielder for Scottish Premiership club Celtic. Hunskelper and Scottish league and cup double winner 2023/24 and 2024/25
* [[Gonçalo Inácio]] (born 2001) footballer who currently plays for [[Primeira Liga]] club [[Sporting CP]] and the [[Portugal national football team]]

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal}}

Almada is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Acordos de Geminação|url=https://www.m-almada.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=cmav2&xpgid=genericMenuContent&menu_title_generic_qry=BOUI=18344776&menu_generic_qry=BOUI=18344776&genericContentPage_qry=BOUI=4194655&actualmenu=18344776|website=m-almada.pt|publisher=Almada|language=pt|access-date=2019-12-11}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|CZE}} [[Ostrava]], Czech Republic
*{{flagicon|AGO}} [[Porto Amboim]], Angola
*{{flagicon|CUB}} [[Regla]], Cuba
*{{flagicon|CPV}} [[Sal, Cape Verde|Sal]], Cape Verde

==See also==
*[[Almada Fórum]]

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
;Sources
* {{cite book|first=John Felix|last=Pereira|title=Abridgement of the History of Portugal|year=2009|publisher=BiblioLife LLC|location=Charleston, South Carolina|isbn=978-1-110-33521-3}}

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage|Almada}}
*[http://www.m-almada.pt/ Almada Municipality]
*[http://www.almadadigital.pt/ Almada Digital] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324041419/http://www.almadadigital.pt/ |date=2018-03-24 }}

{{Parishes of Almada}}
{{Municipalities of Setúbal}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Almada| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Portugal]]
[[Category:Populated places in Setúbal District]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Setúbal District]]