View source for American-born Chinese

{{Short description|Chinese national born in the US}}
{{Distinguish|text=[[Chinese Americans]], U.S. citizens of Chinese descent}}
{{about|persons of Chinese descent born in the United States of America|other uses|American-born Chinese (disambiguation)}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = American-born Chinese<br/>{{nobold|{{lang|zh-Hant|美國出生華裔}} / {{lang|zh-Hans|美国出生华裔}}}} 
| image = 
| pop = '''1,830,760'''<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/fact-sheet/asian-americans-chinese-in-the-u-s/ |publisher = [[Pew Research Centre]] |title = Chinese in the U.S. Fact Sheet |access-date = 5 October 2018 }}</ref><br><small>'''0.55%''' of the U.S. population (2015)</small>
| regions = [[New York metropolitan area|New York City Area]], [[San Francisco Bay Area]], [[Greater Los Angeles Area|Los Angeles Area]]
| langs = Predominantly [[English language|English]], [[varieties of Chinese]] 
| rels = [[Irreligion in the United States|Unaffiliated]], [[Buddhism in the United States|Buddhism]], [[Protestantism in the United States|Protestantism]], [[Catholic Church in the United States|Catholicism]],<ref name="pewforum.org">{{cite web |url = http://www.pewforum.org/Asian-Americans-A-Mosaic-of-Faiths-overview.aspx |title = Asian Americans: A Mosaic of Faiths |date = 19 July 2012 |work = The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life |publisher = [[Pew Research Center]] |access-date =  15 February 2013 |quote = Unaffiliated 52%, Protestant 22%, Buddhist 15%, Catholic 8% }}</ref> and [[Taoism in the United States|Taoism]]
| related = [[Asian Americans]],<br />[[Overseas Chinese]], [[Chinese Canadians]]
}}
'''American-born Chinese''' (abbreviated as '''ABC''') is a term widely used to refer to [[Chinese people]] who were born in the [[United States]] and received [[Citizenship of the United States|U.S. citizenship]] due to [[Birthright citizenship in the United States#Statute, by birth within U.S.|birthright citizenship in the United States]].

== Contested usage ==
In comparison to the term [[Chinese American]], ''American-born Chinese'' may not always denote U.S. citizenship, (mainland) Chinese nationals that were born in the United States often renounce their U.S. citizenship due to China prohibiting its citizens from holding multiple citizenships. According to some, the term has [[Stereotypes of East Asians in the United States#Perpetual foreigner|perpetual foreigner]] connotations. It has been noted that the term differs from existing patterns of immigrant designation in American English. For example, [[Peter Thiel]] is considered a "German-born American". In this case, the first demographic word refers to the person's citizenship at birth, and the second refers to his citizenship at present. However, in the case of "American-born Chinese," the first demographic word refers to the subject's citizenship at birth (or at present) and the second word to ethnicity.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://sar.network/read/abc-another-derogatory-term|title=ABC: Another Derogatory Term|website=sar.network}}</ref>

It has also been observed that, in practice, the term American-born Chinese includes hundreds of thousands of Americans of Chinese descent who were (technically speaking) not born in America, but rather brought over by their parents at a young age. This indicates that the term may be a [[misnomer]].

== Demographics ==
{{Expand section|date=June 2018}}
In differing degrees, many ABCs draw together Chinese family culture with American societal culture, developing a transnational life and identity.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/transnationalhis00haim|url-access=registration|title=The Transnational History of a Chinese Family: Immigrant Letters, Family Business, and Reverse Migration|last=Liu|first=Haiming|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=2005|isbn=9780813535975|location=New Brunswick|pages=[https://archive.org/details/transnationalhis00haim/page/163 163]–209|language=en}}</ref> However, this begins to shift in subsequent generations as families structures change through [[Interracial marriage in the United States|interracial marriage]]. In 2000, approximately 45% of American-born Chinese marry non-[[Chinese Americans]]; this is contrasted with [[Chinese Americans]] more generally, whereby 81.5% of men and 77.9% of women married other Chinese Americans.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R4D6uiswsnUC|title=Chinese America: Stereotype and Reality: History, Present, and Future of the Chinese Americans|last=Zinzius|first=Birgit|publisher=Peter Lang|year=2005|isbn=9780820467443|location=New York|pages=217–218|language=en}}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
The term was used in the 2006 [[graphic novel]] by [[Gene Luen Yang]], entitled ''[[American Born Chinese (graphic novel)|American Born Chinese]]''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/americanbornchin00gene|url-access=registration|title=American Born Chinese|last=Yang|first=Gene Luen|date=2006|publisher=First Second|isbn=9781429969369|location=New York|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.miamioh.edu/aaa201/2015/05/american-born-chinese-4/|title=American Born Chinese|last=Beebe|first=Nathaniel|date=May 9, 2015|website=AAA 201: Introduction to Asian/Asian American Studies, Miami University|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615111352/https://blogs.miamioh.edu/aaa201/2015/05/american-born-chinese-4/|archive-date=June 15, 2018|access-date=June 15, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> The book was adapted into the [[American Born Chinese (TV series)|series of the same name]] for [[Disney+]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Otterson |first=Joe |date=2023-01-13 |title='American Born Chinese,' 'Proud Family: Louder and Prouder' Season 2 Among First-Looks Revealed by Disney+, Disney Channel, Nat Geo |url=https://variety.com/2023/tv/news/american-born-chinese-proud-family-louder-and-prouder-season-2-first-looks-1235488771/ |access-date=2023-01-13 |website=Variety}}</ref>

The term was used in the book ''[[Crazy Rich Asians (novel)|Crazy Rich Asians]]'', by Kevin Kwan, which has been adapted into a [[Crazy Rich Asians|movie of the same name]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://archive.org/details/CrazyRichAsians1KevinKwanCrazyRichAsiansDoubleday2013 |title=( Crazy Rich Asians 1) Kevin Kwan Crazy Rich Asians Doubleday ( 2013) |language=English}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|China|Taiwan
}}
* [[Natural-born-citizen clause]]
* [[Demographics of the United States]]
* [[List of Chinese Americans]]
* [[Jook-sing]] (竹升) is a Cantonese term for an overseas Chinese person who was born in a Western environment and/or a Chinese person who more readily or strongly identifies with Western culture than traditional Chinese culture.
* [[American-Born Confused Desi]] (ABCD)
* [[Third culture kid]] (TCK)

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Chinese American}}
{{Ethnic slurs}}
{{Overseas Chinese}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:American-Born Chinese}}
[[Category:Asian-American issues]]
[[Category:Chinese people by descent|*]]
[[Category:Chinese diaspora in the United States]]