View source for Archway tube station

{{short description|London Underground station}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2012}}
{{Infobox London station
| name             = Archway
| symbol           = underground
| manager          = [[London Underground]]
| locale           = [[Archway, London|Archway]]
| borough          = [[London Borough of Islington]]
| platforms        = 2
| fare_zone        = 2
| fare_zone_1      = 3
| image_name       = Archway station main entrance.JPG
| imagesize        = x265px
| caption          = Main entrance on Junction Road
| coordinates      = {{coord|51|33|56|N|0|08|06|W|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title|format=dec}}
| original         = [[Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway]]
| years1           = 22 June 1907
| years2           = 11 June 1939
| years3           = 3 July 1939
| years4           = 19 January 1941
| years5           = December 1947
| events1          = Opened as ''Highgate''; terminus of line
| events2          = Renamed ''Archway (Highgate)''
| events3          = Line extended to East Finchley
| events4          = Renamed ''Highgate (Archway)''<!-- shown in Butt and in Leboff but not in Rose -->
| events5          = Renamed ''Archway''
| railcode         = ACY<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/station-abbreviations.pdf|title=Station Codes|publisher=Transport for London|access-date=10 October 2021}}</ref>
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| tubeexits03      = 6.41
| tubeexits04      = {{increase}} 6.757
| tubeexits05      = {{decrease}} 6.40
| tubeexits06      = {{increase}} 6.844
| tubeexits07      = {{increase}} 7.74
| tubeexits08      = {{increase}} 8.24
| tubeexits09      = {{decrease}} 8.04-->
| interchange      = [[Upper Holloway railway station|Upper Holloway]] {{rail-interchange|london|overground}}
| interchange_note = <ref>{{citation London station interchange January 2016}}</ref>
}}

'''Archway''' is a [[London Underground]] station. It is located at the intersection of [[Holloway Road]], [[Highgate|Highgate Hill]], [[Junction Road, London|Junction Road]] and Archway Road in [[Archway, London|Archway]], [[North London]], directly underneath the [[Archway Tower|Vantage Point]] building. The station is on the [[High Barnet tube station|High Barnet branch]] of the [[Northern line]], between [[Highgate tube station|Highgate]] and [[Tufnell Park tube station|Tufnell Park]] stations. It is in both [[London fare zone 2]] and [[List of stations in London fare zone 3|zone 3]].<ref name=tubemap>{{cite map/Standard Tube Map}}</ref>

==Location==
[[File:Archway Station entrance under Archway Tower 2020.jpg|thumb|left|Side entrance on Highgate Hill.]]
When constructed, the area was simply the northern end of Holloway Road and had no specific name but, in the hope of attracting patronage, the terminus was originally named ''Highgate'' after the village up the hill. At the time of the station's construction the first [[Highgate Hill Cable Tramway|cable tramway]] in Europe operated non-stop up [[Highgate|Highgate Hill]] to the village from outside the [[Archway Tavern]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Sheila |title=The Moving Metropolis |publisher=Calmann and King |location=London |year=2001 |page=82 |isbn=1-85669-241-8}}</ref> and this name was also considered for the station. The main station entrance now lies beneath Archway Tower (now renamed [[Vantage Point (London)|Vantage Point]]) on Junction Road while the side entrance is on Highgate Hill.

{{clear|left}}

==History==
[[File:Archway Tower and tube station 2005.jpg|thumb|left|upright|The station lies at the base of Archway Tower, viewed from Junction Road.]]
The [[Leslie Green]] designed station opened on 22 June 1907, under the name ''Highgate''<ref name=culgnorthern /><ref name=Rose>{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |title=The London Underground: A Diagrammatic History |edition=8th |date=December 2007 |orig-year=1980 |publisher=Capital Transport |location=Harrow Weald |isbn=978-1-85414-315-0 }}</ref><ref name=Butt>{{cite book |last=Butt |first=R.V.J. |title=The Directory of Railway Stations |year=1995 |publisher=Patrick Stephens Ltd |location=Yeovil |isbn=1-85260-508-1 |id=R508 |pages=17, 120 }}</ref> faced in Green's standard ox-blood glazed brick.<ref name=LDP>{{cite web |url=http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/Exhibitionsandloans/VARIBAArchitecturePartnershipexhibitions/UndergroundJourneys/MovingUnderground/Highgate.aspx |title=Underground Journeys: Highgate |publisher= [[Royal Institute of British Architects]] |url-status=dead |access-date=20 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120913042544/http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/Exhibitionsandloans/VARIBAArchitecturePartnershipexhibitions/UndergroundJourneys/MovingUnderground/Highgate.aspx |archive-date=13 September 2012 }}</ref> It was opened as one of the northern terminals of what was then the [[Charing Cross, Euston & Hampstead Railway]] (CCE&HR).<ref name=culgnorthern>{{cite web | url=http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/northern.html | work=Clive's Underground Line Guides | title=Northern line | last=Feather | first=Clive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211152300/http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/northern.html |archive-date=11 February 2015 | access-date = 25 April 2015}}</ref>

The station was renamed ''Archway (Highgate)'' on 11 June 1939<ref name=Rose /><ref name=Butt /> (after the nearby road bridge over the deep cutting containing Archway Road). On 3 July 1939, the line was extended to the Great Northern Railway's station at Highgate and [[East Finchley tube station|East Finchley]] station as part of the [[Northern Heights plan|New Works Programme]].<ref name=culgnorthern /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lurs.org.uk/documents/pdf%2008/march/march%2008%20100%20Years%20of%20the%20Hampstead%20Tube.pdf |title=100 Years of the Hampstead Tube |date=11 September 2007 |page=5 |access-date=1 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719135213/http://lurs.org.uk/documents/pdf%2008/march/march%2008%20100%20Years%20of%20the%20Hampstead%20Tube.pdf |archive-date=19 July 2013}}</ref> The station was renamed ''Highgate (Archway)'' on 19 January 1941,<ref name=Butt /> before becoming just ''Archway'' in December 1947<ref name=Rose /><ref name=Butt /> with the Highgate name being reassigned to the new station constructed beneath the [[London and North Eastern Railway]] (LNER) high-level station of the same name.

On 2 June 2006, a train derailed while entering the reversing siding at the station.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 December 2014|title=Derailment at Archway|url=https://www.gov.uk/raib-reports/derailment-at-archway|url-status=live|access-date=14 November 2021|website=Rail Accident Investigation Branch|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024151549/https://www.gov.uk/raib-reports/derailment-at-archway |archive-date=24 October 2015 }}</ref>

In 2007 plans to add [[step-free access]] to the station were consulted on<ref>{{Cite web|date=7 September 2007|title=Archway station exhibition|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2007/september/archway-station-exhibition|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510201947/https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2007/september/archway-station-exhibition|archive-date=10 May 2023|access-date=2 April 2024|website=Transport for London}}</ref> and a [[Transport and Works Act]] Order was granted.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 July 2013|title=Transport and Works Act 1992 Orders|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmwib/wb081206/trans.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170224180844/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200809/cmwib/wb081206/trans.htm|archive-date=24 February 2017|access-date=2 April 2024|website=UK Parliament}}</ref> These plans were subsequently shelved by incoming mayor [[Boris Johnson]].

==Design==
In 1930 the station was upgraded with [[escalator]]s<ref name=culgl&e>{{cite web | url=http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/vertical.html | work=Clive's Underground Line Guides | title=Vertical Transport | last=Feather | first=Clive |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007102058/http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/vertical.html |archive-date=7 October 2014 | access-date = 25 April 2015}}</ref> to replace the original [[elevator|lifts]] and the secondary entrance was replaced with a modern design by [[Charles Holden]],<ref name=LDP/> virtually identical to the one he built at the same time at [[Hammersmith tube station (Piccadilly and District lines)|Hammersmith]]. Holden's station was replaced in the 1970s.<ref name=LDP/>

The platform walls once featured the distinctive and elegantly simple tiling schemes used by Holden on the underground stations constructed at this time. Cream tiles were used throughout with the station name band formed of letter shaped tiles inset into a background of cream tiles incised to accept the lettering. Similar tiling schemes can be seen at the neighbouring [[Highgate tube station|Highgate station]], as well as at [[Bethnal Green tube station|Bethnal Green]] and the stations on the tunnelled section of the [[Hainault tube station|Hainault]] branch of the [[Central line (London Underground)|Central line]] (for example [[Gants Hill tube station|Gants Hill]]). All were built in the late 1930s/early 1940s. The tiles at Archway were replaced several years ago{{when|date=March 2015}} during retiling works.

{{As of|2015}}, the station has escalators descending to the platforms.<ref name=culgl&e /> Alternatively, passengers can use the 113 steps to get down to the platforms.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.geofftech.co.uk/tube/facts.html |title=Tube Facts – Tube Stations with steps |access-date=1 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222130926/http://www.geofftech.co.uk/tube/facts.html |archive-date=22 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>{{dead link|date=August 2024}}

An unusual feature for a Northern line station is that both platforms are long enough to accommodate nine car trains instead of the usual seven. This was an early attempt to solve overcrowding on the line. For many years after Archway opened the last two cars of each train were reserved exclusively for passengers travelling between Archway and [[Tottenham Court Road tube station|Tottenham Court Road]]. At all other stations the last two cars remained in the running tunnel at each stop so that passengers using them had an uninterrupted journey. At Tottenham Court Road, the train stopped beyond the station such that the first two cars entered the running tunnel beyond the station allowing the passengers in the rear seven cars to embark or disembark. A consequence of this arrangement was: that the front two cars could not be used by passengers intending to disembark at Tottenham Court Road from either direction. The rear two cars ran empty south of Tottenham Court Road (Archway being the northern terminus at the time).<ref>Northern, Driver's Eye View:Video 125 DEVD 027</ref>

Following the success of this nine car arrangement, nine car operation was implemented between [[Kennington tube station|Kennington]] and [[Edgware tube station|Edgware]], but with only a limited number of stations being accessible from the rear two cars. These were Kennington to [[Leicester Square tube station|Leicester Square]] inclusive and [[Golders Green tube station|Golders Green]] to [[Colindale tube station|Colindale]] inclusive. Nine car trains did not stop at Mornington Crescent but this was because, at this time, all Edgeware trains did not stop there. Stations south of Tottenham Court Road operated with two cars in running tunnel. However, north of Hampstead, the stations were converted for nine car platforms as the stations are not in tunnel. The service was eventually extended to Edgware, but site constraints meant that only seven and a half cars could be accommodated on platform 1 only so either Edgware was a non nine car station or passengers were allowed to disembark via the communicating doors.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lurs.org.uk/03%20nov%20NINE%20CARS%20ON%20THE%20NORTHERN.pdf |title=Nine Cars on the Northern |access-date=6 August 2024 |archive-date=4 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204030111/https://www.lurs.org.uk/03%20nov%20NINE%20CARS%20ON%20THE%20NORTHERN.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

All nine car operation was suspended on 6 September 1939 when the line was split into wo sections for the installation of flood gates just after World War II was declared. It was never reinstated.

==Crossover and siding==
[[File:Archway station northbound look north.JPG|thumb|left|Northbound platform looking north. The small width of the platform together with the southbound one reflect the station's former role as a terminus.]]
When the original section of the Northern Line from Charing Cross to Golders Green and Archway (then Highgate) was opened in 1907, the terminus at Archway was provided with a scissors crossover just south of the station and the running lines beyond the north end of the platforms continued as separate dead-end sidings.<ref name=archway>{{cite web |url=http://www.abandonedstations.org.uk/RaggaJohn.html |work=London Underground Technical – Northern Line Disused Features |title=Archway |first=John |last=Ragga |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140214045705/http://www.abandonedstations.org.uk/RaggaJohn.html |archive-date=14 February 2014 | access-date= 25 April 2015}}</ref> When the line was extended to Highgate and East Finchley in 1939, the 'northbound' siding was extended as the northbound road while the 'southbound' siding was retained as a dead-end siding, extended at the north end with the new southbound line from Highgate joining it just before the southbound platform and a new connection from the northbound line to the siding, thus turning the old 'southbound' siding into a central reversing siding.<ref name=archway /> The crossover south of the station was subsequently converted to a single trailing crossover but was decommissioned on 15 October 1967, when Archway was converted to programme-machine control from Cobourg Street. The signal box closed on 25 June 1961 when Archway became remote-controlled.{{#tag:ref|It was situated at the south end of the southbound platform and is now a relay room.<ref name=archway />|group=note}}<ref name=archway />

The enlarged crossover tunnel remains although cable runs extend down its centre between the two tracks for most of its length.<ref name=archway />{{#tag:ref|Also of note is a surviving limit of shunt board for 7-car trains, a square white enamel plate with a black 7, on the right-hand tunnel wall of the southbound road south of the crossover that trains pulled up to in order to reverse northwards.<ref name=archway />|group=note}} The layout of the platforms and the underground passenger areas still reflect the station's former role as a [[terminus station|terminus]].

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==Services==
Archway station is on the High Barnet branch of the Northern line between [[Highgate tube station|Highgate]] to the north and [[Tufnell Park tube station|Tufnell Park]] to the south. Trains generally operate between Morden or Battersea Power Station to High Barnet or Mill Hill East via the Charing Cross or the Bank branch.<ref name=tubemap /> Occasionally and during disruptions or engineering works, trains can terminate at Archway. Train frequencies vary throughout the day, but generally operate every 3–7 minutes between 05:58 and 00:19 in both directions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tube/timetable/northern?FromId=940GZZLUACY&ToId=940GZZLUHGT&SelectedTime=5 |title=Northern line timetable: From Archway Underground Station to Highgate Underground Station |website= [[Transport for London]] |access-date=1 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/tube/timetable/northern?FromId=940GZZLUACY&ToId=940GZZLUTFP&SelectedTime=5 |title=Northern line timetable: From Archway Underground Station to Tufnell Park Underground Station |website= [[Transport for London]] |access-date=1 April 2015}}</ref>

{{Adjacent stations|system=London Underground|line=Northern|left=Highgate|right=Tufnell Park|type=High Barnet}}

==Connections==
*[[London Buses]] routes [[London Buses route 4|4]], [[London Buses route 17|17]], [[London Buses route 41|41]], [[London Buses route 43|43]], [[London Buses route 134|134]], [[London Buses route 143|143]], [[London Buses route 210|210]], [[London Buses route 234|234]], [[London Buses route 263|263]], [[London Buses route 390|390]], [[London Buses route C11|C11]], [[London Buses route W5|W5]] and night routes [[London Buses route N20|N20]], [[London Buses route N41|N41]] and [[London Buses route N263|N263]] serve the station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://content.tfl.gov.uk/bus-route-maps/archway-a4-040223.pdf|title=Buses from Archway|date=4 February 2023|website=TfL|access-date=5 February 2023}}</ref>
*[[London Underground]] maps and maps in [[London Overground]] trains show the station as 450m from [[Upper Holloway railway station|Upper Holloway station]] on the [[Gospel Oak to Barking line]]. [[Oyster card#Out-of-station interchange|Interchange]] within twenty minutes is allowed between the two stations.<ref>{{citation London station interchange January 2016}}/</ref>

==Notes and references==

===Notes===
{{reflist|group=note}}

===References===
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Archway tube station}}
* [https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/photographs London Transport Museum Photographic Archive]
** {{LTM archive|2000-23032|Main station exterior, 1907}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-55711|Secondary entrance in Highgate Hill in 1929}}
** {{LTM archive|1998-80385|Reconstructing the station in 1930}}
** {{LTM archive|2006-1039|Entrance at base of Archway Tower, 2006}}
* [http://www.multimap.com/map/browse.cgi?lat=51.5655&lon=-0.1353&scale=10000&icon=x Archway station on Multimap]
* [http://www.architecture.com/LibraryDrawingsAndPhotographs/Exhibitionsandloans/VARIBAArchitecturePartnershipexhibitions/UndergroundJourneys/MovingUnderground/Highgate.aspx Design drawing by Charles Holden and photograph, 1930s] from [[Royal Institute of British Architects]]

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[[Category:Northern line stations]]
[[Category:Tube stations in the London Borough of Islington]]
[[Category:Former Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1907]]
[[Category:London Underground Night Tube stations]]