View source for Armstrong Whitworth

{{Short description|Former British heavy engineering company}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox company
| name           = Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd
| logo           =
| image_caption  = Advertisement in the 1923 ''Brassey's Naval Annual'' showing {{HMS|Malaya}}
| type           = Private
| fate           = Demergers <br />Take over
| predecessors    =
* W. G. Armstrong & Company
* Elswick Ordnance Company
* Sir W. G. Armstrong & Company<!--The "Sir" was added when the original Armstrong merged with Elswick-->
* Sir William Armstrong, Mitchell and Co.
| successor      = [[Vickers-Armstrongs]]
| foundation     = 1847 (W.G. Armstrong Co.)
| founder        = [[William George Armstrong]]
| defunct        = 1927
| location       = [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[England]]
| industry       = [[Engineering]], [[Shipbuilding]]<br />[[Aircraft]]
| products       = [[Aircraft]]<br /> [[Armament]]s<br /> [[Locomotive]]s<br /> [[Ship]]s
| key_people     =
| num_employees  =
| parent         =
| subsid         = [[Vickers Armstrong]]<br />[[Armstrong Siddeley]]<br />(Demerged)
}}
'''Sir W G Armstrong Whitworth & Co Ltd''' was a major British manufacturing company of the early years of the 20th century. With headquarters in [[Elswick, Tyne and Wear|Elswick]], [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], Armstrong Whitworth built [[armament]]s, [[ship]]s, [[locomotive]]s, [[automobile]]s and [[aircraft]].

The company was founded by [[William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong|William Armstrong]] in 1847, becoming '''Armstrong Mitchell''' and then '''Armstrong Whitworth''' through mergers. In 1927, it merged with [[Vickers Limited]] to form [[Vickers-Armstrongs]], with its automobile and aircraft interests purchased by [[John Siddeley, 1st Baron Kenilworth|J D Siddeley]].

==History==
In 1847, the engineer [[William George Armstrong]] founded the [[Elswick, Tyne and Wear|Elswick]] works at Newcastle, to produce hydraulic machinery, cranes and bridges, soon to be followed by artillery, notably the Armstrong breech-loading gun, with which the [[British Army]] was re-equipped after the [[Crimean War]]. In 1882, it merged with the shipbuilding firm of [[Charles Mitchell (shipbuilder)|Charles Mitchell]] to form '''Armstrong Mitchell & Company''' and at the time its works extended for over a mile (about 2&nbsp;km) along the bank of the [[River Tyne]].<ref>[http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/core.nsf/a/mwn_industrialheritage?opendocument&ID=mwn101&Area=micro_wn&level1=mwn101 Newcastle Industrial Heritage] {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
Armstrong Mitchell merged again with the engineering firm of [[Joseph Whitworth]] in 1897.<ref>[http://www.mancat.ac.uk/aboutus/History/whitworth.htm Manchester College of Art & technology] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080527012705/http://www.mancat.ac.uk/aboutus/History/whitworth.htm |date=27 May 2008 }} – The Whitworth collection history - accessed March 2009</ref> The company expanded into the manufacture of cars and trucks in 1902, and created an "aerial department" in 1913, which became the [[Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft]] subsidiary in 1920.

In 1927, it merged with [[Vickers Limited]] to form [[Vickers-Armstrongs]].

=== Automobiles ===
{{Main|Armstrong (automobile)|Armstrong Siddeley}}
The '''Armstrong Whitworth''' was manufactured from 1904, when the company decided to diversify to compensate for a fall in demand for artillery after the end of the [[Boer War]].<ref name=TyneWearMuseum>Tyne & Wear County Museums, Undated, ''Information Sheet Armstrong Whitworth Car'', available here [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Armstrong_Whitworth_car_A.jpg] and reverse here [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Armstrong_Whitworth_car_B.jpg].</ref> It took over construction of the [[Wilson-Pilcher]], designed by [[Walter Gordon Wilson]], and produced cars under the Armstrong Whitworth name until 1919, when the company merged with [[Siddeley-Deasy]] and to form '''Armstrong Siddeley'''.

The Wilson-Pilcher was an advanced car, originally with a 2.4-litre engine, that had been made in London from 1901 until 1904 when production moved to Newcastle. When Armstrong Whitworth took over production two models were made, a 2.7-litre [[flat four]] and a 4.1-litre [[Flat-six engine|flat six]], the cylinders on both being identical with bore and stroke of 3.75in (95mm). The engines had the flywheel at the front of the engine, and the crankshaft had intermediate bearings between each pair of cylinders. Drive was to the rear wheels via a dual helical [[epicyclic gears]] and helical bevel axle. The cars were listed at £735 for the four and £900 for the six. They were still theoretically available until 1907. According to ''Automotor'' in 1904, "Even the first Wilson-Pilcher car that made its appearance created quite a sensation in automobile circles at the time on account of its remarkably silent and smooth running, and of the almost total absence of vibration".<ref>"The Wilson-Pilcher Petrol Cars", The Automotor Journal, 16 April 1904</ref>

The first Armstrong Whitworth car was the ''28/36'' of 1906 with a water-cooled, four-cylinder [[side-valve]] engine of 4.5 litres which unusually had "oversquare" dimensions of {{convert|120|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} bore and {{convert|100|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} stroke. Drive was via a four-speed gearbox and shaft to the rear wheels. A larger car was listed for 1908 with a choice of either 5-litre ''30'' or 7.6-litre ''40'' models sharing a {{convert|127|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} bore but with strokes of {{convert|100|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} and {{convert|152|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} respectively. The ''40'' was listed at £798 in bare chassis form for supplying to coachbuilders. These large cars were joined in 1909 by the 4.3-litre ''18/22'' and in 1910 by the 3.7-litre ''25'', which seems to have shared the same chassis as the ''30'' and ''40''.

In 1911, a new small car appeared in the shape of the 2.4-litre ''12/14'', called the ''15.9'' in 1911, featuring a [[monobloc engine]] with pressure lubrication to the crankshaft bearings. This model had an {{convert|110|in|mm|adj=on}} wheelbase compared with the {{convert|120|in|mm}} of the ''40'' range. This was joined by four larger cars ranging from the 2.7-litre ''15/20'' to the 3.7-litre ''25.5''.<ref name=TyneWearMuseum />

The first six-cylinder model, the ''30/50'' with 5.1-litre {{convert|90|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} bore by {{convert|135|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} stroke engine came in 1912 with the option of electric lighting. This grew to 5.7 litres in 1913.

At the outbreak of war, as well as the 30/50, the range consisted of the 3-litre ''17/25'' and the 3.8-litre ''20/30''.

The cars were usually if not always bodied by external coachbuilders and had a reputation for reliability and solid workmanship. The company maintained a London sales outlet at New Bond Street. When Armstrong Whitworth and Vickers merged, Armstrong Whitworth's automotive interests were purchased by [[John Siddeley, 1st Baron Kenilworth|J D Siddeley]] as [[Armstrong Siddeley]], based in [[Coventry]].

An Armstrong Whitworth car is displayed in the [[Discovery Museum]], [[Newcastle upon Tyne]].<ref name=TyneWearMuseum />

=== Aircraft ===
{{Main|Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft}}

Armstrong Whitworth established an Aerial Department in 1912. This later became the '''Sir W. G. Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft Company'''. When Vickers and Armstrong Whitworth merged in 1927 to form Vickers-Armstrongs, Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft was bought out by J. D. Siddeley and became a separate entity.<ref>Tapper 1988, pp. 25-26</ref>

=== Armaments ===
{{main|Elswick Ordnance Company}}
The '''Elswick Ordnance Company''' (sometimes referred to as Elswick Ordnance Works, but usually as "EOC") was originally created in 1859 to separate William Armstrong's armaments business from his other business interests, to avoid a conflict of interest as Armstrong was then Engineer of Rifled Ordnance for the [[War Office]] and the company's main customer was the British Government. Armstrong held no financial interest in the company until 1864 when he left Government service, and Elswick Ordnance was reunited with the main Armstrong businesses to form Sir W.G. Armstrong & Company. EOC was then the armaments branch of W.G. Armstrong & Company and later of Armstrong Whitworth.

Elswick Ordnance was a major arms developer before and during [[World War I]]. The ordnance and ammunition it manufactured for the British Government were stamped EOC, while guns made for export were usually marked "W.G. Armstrong". The [[28 cm howitzer L/10]] which played a major role in the [[Siege of Port Arthur]] in the [[Russo-Japanese War]] was developed by Armstrong.

===Locomotives===
[[File:Metropolitan Railway 2-6-4T locomotive (CJ Allen, Steel Highway, 1928).jpg|thumb|right|[[Metropolitan Railway K Class]] 2-6-4T locomotive]]
[[File:LMS 5MT 45305 Sir WGA Plate 1935 edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|[[Works plate]] on Armstrong Whitworth-built [[LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0]] 45305 showing completion in 1936]]
After the Great War, Armstrong Whitworth converted its Scotswood Works to build railway locomotives. From 1919 it rapidly penetrated the locomotive market due to its modern plant.<ref name="steamindex.com">{{cite web |url=https://steamindex.com/manlocos/armbeard.htm |title=Steam index web site |publisher=Steamindex.com |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919093743/http://www.steamindex.com/manlocos/armbeard.htm |archive-date=19 September 2014  }}</ref> Its two largest contracts were 200 2-8-0s for the Belgian State Railways in 1920<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rixke.tassignon.be/spip.php?article524|title=Dixième période, 1920-1939 – De l'Etat à la S.N.C.B. - Rixke Rail's Archives|website=rixke.tassignon.be|language=fr|access-date=11 August 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712151350/http://rixke.tassignon.be/spip.php?article524|archive-date=12 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rixke.tassignon.be/spip.php?article715&lang=fr&artpage=2-2|title=Dixième période, 1920-1939. - De l'Etat à la S.N.C.B. (suite) - Rixke Rail's Archives|website=rixke.tassignon.be|language=fr|access-date=11 August 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811182253/http://rixke.tassignon.be/spip.php?article715&lang=fr&artpage=2-2|archive-date=11 August 2017}}</ref> and 327 [[Black 5]] 4-6-0s for the LMS in 1935/36.

AW also modified locomotives. In 1926 [[Palestine Railways#Locomotives|Palestine Railways]] sent six of its [[Palestine Railways H class|H class]] [[Baldwin Locomotive Works|Baldwin]] 4-6-0 locomotives to AW for conversion into 4-6-2 tank locomotives to work the PR's steeply graded branch between Jaffa and Jerusalem.<ref name=Cotterell49>{{harvnb|Cotterell|1984|p=49}}</ref> PR also sent another six H Class Baldwins for their defective steel fireboxes to be replaced with copper ones.<ref name=Cotterell49/>

AW's well-equipped works included its own design department and enabled it to build large locomotives, including an order for 30 engines of three types for the modernisation of the [[South Australian Railways]] in 1926. These included ten [[South Australian Railways 500 class (steam)|500 class]] 4-8-2 locomotives, which were the largest non-articulated locomotives built in Great Britain, and were based on [[Alco]] drawings modified by AW and SAR engineers. They were a sensation in Australia.<ref>{{Harvnb|Burke|1985|pp=108–127}}</ref> AW went on to build 20 large three-cylinder "Pacific" type locomotives for the Central Argentine Railway (F.C.C.A) in 1930, with Caprotti valve gear and modern boilers. They were the most powerful locomotives on the F.C.C.A.<ref>[http://www.arar.org.ar/EN_GFCV1.html ARAR org web site] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907090330/http://www.arar.org.ar/EN_GFCV1.html |date=7 September 2008 }}</ref>

AW obtained the UK license for Sulzer diesels from 1919, and by the 1930s was building diesel locomotives and railcars.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.derbysulzers.com/aw.html |title=Sulzers web site |publisher=Derbysulzers.com |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605051825/http://www.derbysulzers.com/aw.html |archive-date=5 June 2014  }}</ref> An early example is the [[Tanfield Railway]]'s 0-4-0 diesel-electric shed pilot, [[Tanfield Railway#Diesel and electric locomotives|No.2]], which was built by AW as works number D22 in 1933. In the same year, the company launched the UK's first mainline diesel locomotive, the 800&nbsp;bhp "Universal".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://derbysulzers.com/aw.html |title= Armstrong Whitworth Locomotives & Railcars in the United Kingdom |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=26 June 2019 |website=Derby Sulzers |access-date=31 July 2020 }}</ref> It was successful in trials, but not repaired after an engine crankcase explosion a year later.{{sfnp|Webb|2010|pages=
}} A total of 1,464 locomotives were built at Scotswood Works before it was converted back to armaments manufacture in 1937.<ref name="steamindex.com"/>

===Overseas operations===
After the end of WWI demand for armaments and naval ships all but evaporated, and Armstrong Whitworth had to look into diversifying its business.

The company built a hydroelectric station at [[Nymboida Power Station|Nymboida, New South Wales]], near Grafton, Australia in 1923–1924. This is still in use and is substantially original. In 1925 the company tendered unsuccessfully to construct the South Brisbane-Richmond Gap (on the New-South Wales-Queensland border) section of the last stage of the [[North Coast railway line, New South Wales|standard gauge railway linking Sydney and Brisbane]]. This was a heavily engineered railway which includes a long tunnel under the [[Richmond Range]] forming the state border and a [[Spiral (railway)|spiral]] just south of the border. AW's tender price was £1,333,940 compared with Queensland Railway's tender price of £1,130,142.<ref>Grafton-Kyogle-South Brisbane Railway - Tenders, 9 September 1925 in State Records of New South Wales, Series 15668, Item 4</ref> In the mid-1920s the company clearly was trying to break into the booming Australian market, but was stymied by a preference for local companies.

The [[Dominion of Newfoundland]], an island country then mostly dependent on its fishery, had plenty of [[pulpwood]] but only one [[paper mill]] at [[Grand Falls-Windsor]] and one [[pulp mill]] at [[Bishop's Falls]], both built in the 1900s. The owners of the [[Reid Newfoundland Company]] convinced AW to invest in building a second paper mill at [[Corner Brook]], to be supplied with [[hydroelectricity]] from a generating station 50 km away at [[Deer Lake, Newfoundland and Labrador|Deer Lake]]. A [[joint venture]], the Newfoundland Power and Paper Company, was founded in 1923.<ref>{{Cite web |author=[[Memorial University of Newfoundland]] |title=Amulree Report Project |url=https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/politics/amulee-report-1933.pdf |access-date=September 29, 2023 |website=Newfoundland Heritage and Labrador}}</ref> After much fighting between Harry Reid and then-PM of the dominion [[Richard Squires]], the so-called Humber project (after the [[Humber River (Newfoundland and Labrador)|Humber River]]) received support from the local government and [[loan guarantee]]s both from it and the UK; Squires even campaigned on it, making "Hum on the Humber" his slogan for the [[1923 Newfoundland general election]].<ref name="Hiller">{{cite journal |last1=Hiller |first1=James K. |title=The Politics of Newsprint: The Newfoundland Pulp and Paper Industry, 1915-1939 |journal=[[Acadiensis]] |date=10 October 1990 |pages=3–39 |url=https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/Acadiensis/article/view/11851 |language=en |issn=1712-7432}}</ref>

The company was heavily involved with the establishment of the town of Deer Lake. The hydroelectric station there was built between 1922 and 1925, while the canal system used by the hydroelectric station helped to expand the forestry operations in the area. Some of the equipment used in the construction of the [[Panama Canal]] was shipped to Newfoundland. The pulp and paper mill in [[Corner Brook]] began operations in 1925. Overall, AW spent about £5M (equivalent to £{{Inflation|UK|5|1923}}&nbsp;million in {{Inflation/year|UK}}) on the development, which went significantly over the original budget and led to an overdraft,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Armstrong_Whitworth | title=Armstrong Whitworth - Graces Guide }}</ref> only to witness a consistent decline in newsprint and pulp prices after 1923, which was caused by overexpansion of the Canadian industry and wasn't predicted by either party of the project, both lacking experience in paper trade.<ref name="Hiller" /> Since on a falling paper market longtime players with established customer bases had a clear advantage, shareholders sold their well-working but overleveraged and loss-making business to [[International Paper|International Paper & Power Company]] in 1927. The deal left AW with a loss of £2.8M, and the whole group collapsed.

===Shipbuilding===
{{Expand section|date=May 2008}}
Shipbuilding was the major division of the company. From 1879 to 1880 the predecessor shipbuilding company of Charles Mitchell laid down a cruiser for the Chilean Navy at Low Walker Yard. This vessel was later supplied to Japan as the 'Tsukushi' of 1883; the ship was launched as of Armstrong Mitchell build.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/T-Ships/tsukushi1883.html|title=Tsukushi 1883|website=www.tynebuiltships.co.uk|access-date=1 May 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501152004/http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/T-Ships/tsukushi1883.html|archive-date=1 May 2018}}</ref> Between 1885 and 1918 Armstrong built warships for the [[Royal Navy]], [[Beiyang Fleet]], [[Imperial Russian Navy]], Brazil Navy [[Imperial Japanese Navy]], and the [[United States Navy]].{{citation needed|date=September 2011}} Amongst these were [[HMS Glatton (1914)|HMS ''Glatton'']] which, due to bodged construction, suffered a magazine explosion in Dover Harbour less than one month after commissioning.
[[File:GLAM MB Cruzador-Auxiliar (45024099444).jpg|thumb|Brazil Navy ship Bahia]]
Armstrong Mitchell and later Armstrong Whitworth built many merchant ships, freighters, tank-ships, and dredgers; notable among them was the [[Icebreaker|ice-breaking]] [[train ferries]] {{SS|Baikal}} in 1897 and {{SS|Angara}} in 1900, built to connect the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]] across [[Lake Baikal]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lakebaikaltravel.com/baikal-travel-guide/landmarks-baikal/83-irkutsk-ice-breaker-angara.html |title=Irkutsk: Ice-Breaker "Angara" |work=Lake Baikal Travel Company |access-date=15 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924190950/http://www.lakebaikaltravel.com/baikal-travel-guide/landmarks-baikal/83-irkutsk-ice-breaker-angara.html |archive-date=24 September 2011  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.irkutsk.org/baikal/railway.htm |title=Circumbaikal Railway |last=Babanine |first=Fedor |year=2003 |work=Lake Baikal Homepage |publisher=Fedor Babanine |access-date=15 September 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110903095250/http://www.irkutsk.org/baikal/railway.htm |archive-date=3 September 2011  }}</ref> The company built the first polar icebreaker in the world: [[Yermak (1898 icebreaker)|''Yermak'']] was a Russian and later Soviet icebreaker, having a strengthened hull shaped to ride over and crush pack ice.

==Mergers and demergers==
In 1927, the defence and engineering businesses merged with those of [[Vickers Limited]] to create a subsidiary company known as '''[[Vickers-Armstrongs]]'''. The aircraft and [[Armstrong Siddeley]] motors business were bought by [[John Davenport Siddeley|J. D. Siddeley]] and became a separate entity.   Production at the Scotswood Works ended in 1979 and the buildings were demolished in 1982.<ref>[http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/core.nsf/a/mwn_industrialheritage?opendocument&ID=mwn101&Area=micro_wn&level1=mwn101 Newcastle Industrial Heritage web site] {{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
{{Clear}}

==Products==
{{Expand section|date=May 2008}}

===Hydraulic engineering installations===
The forerunner companies, W. G. Armstrong & Co. and later, from 1883 ''Sir WG Armstrong Mitchell & Company'', were heavily involved in the construction of [[hydraulic engineering]] installations.  Notable examples include:
* Development of the [[Hydraulic jigger|Hydraulic 'Jigger']], and lifting apparatus, some exhibited at the 1851 [[Great Exhibition]] at the Crystal Palace, London.
* Hydraulic mains system, [[Limehouse Basin]], [[London]], 1850s
* [[Swing Bridge, River Tyne]], 1873
* 120 ton hydraulic 'Sheer Leg' crane at Elswick Works, for transshipment to vessels.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Illustrations |journal=The Engineer|date=1876|volume=41|issue=17 March|page=191}}</ref>
* [[Tower Bridge]], [[London]], 1894
* A [[bascule bridge]] for the railway spanning over the [[River Bann]], [[Coleraine]], [[Ulster]], [[Northern Ireland]], 1921.
* A series of nine late-19th century 160-ton capacity [[hydraulic]] [[Crane (machine)|crane]]s for naval use. These were erected worldwide, in India ([[Bombay]]), Italy ([[La Spezia]], [[Pozzuoli]], [[Taranto]] and [[Venice]]), Liverpool, [[Malta]] and two more in [[Japan]]. The sole surviving example is undergoing partial restoration at Venice's [[Arsenale]].<ref>[http://www.veniceinperil.org/projects/presentprojects/amhcrane.htm Venice Arsenale crane restoration] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023080332/http://www.veniceinperil.org/projects/presentprojects/amhcrane.htm |date=23 October 2007 }}</ref>

=== Ships ===
Between 1880 and 1925 they built a number of warships:
{{div col | colwidth=25em}}
* ''Arturo Prat''/{{ship|Japanese cruiser|Tsukushi||2}} (筑紫), [[File:Naval jack of Chile.svg|15px]] [[Chilean Navy]] (intended)/[[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] [[Imperial Japanese Navy]], 1880
* {{ship|Chilean cruiser|Esmeralda|1883|2}}/''Izumi'' (和泉), [[File:Naval jack of Chile.svg|15px]] Chilean Navy/[[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1883
* [[HMAS Protector (1884)|HMCS ''Protector'']] [[File:Flag of South Australia (1876–1904).svg|15px]] gunboat for the [[South Australia]]n colonial navy, 1884
* [[Japanese cruiser Naniwa|''Naniwa'']] (浪速), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1885
* [[Elswick Cruisers, Zhiyuen Class Protected Cruiser]], [[Protected cruiser: Jingyuan]], [[Protected cruiser: Zhiyuen]],  [[Imperial Chinese Navy]], 1887
* [[HMS Victoria (1887)|HMS ''Victoria'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Royal Navy Ensign]] battleship built for the [[Royal Navy]], delivered in 1891, she was accidentally rammed and sunk in 1893.<ref>Peter McKenzie; biography of W.G. Armstrong, Newcastle-on-Tyne 1983
</ref>
* [[Castore-class gunboat|''Castore'' and ''Polluce'']], gunboats for the [[Regia Marina|Italian Navy]], 1888.
* [[Japanese cruiser Yoshino|''Yoshino'']] (吉野), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1892
* [[USS New Orleans (CL-22)|USS ''New Orleans'' (CL-22)]], [[United States Navy]], 1895
* [[Chilean cruiser Esmeralda (1895)|''Esmeralda'']], [[File:Naval jack of Chile.svg|15px]] Chilean Navy, 1895
* [[Japanese battleship Yashima|''Yashima'']] (八島), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1896
* [[Japanese cruiser Takasago|''Takasago'']] (高砂), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1897
* [[Chilean cruiser O'Higgins (1897)|''O'Higgins'']], [[File:Naval jack of Chile.svg|15px]] Chilean Navy, 1897
* [[Chilean cruiser Chacabuco (1898)|''Chacabuco'']], [[File:Naval jack of Chile.svg|15px]] Chilean Navy, 1898
* [[Japanese cruiser Asama|''Asama'']] (浅間), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1898
* [[Japanese cruiser Tokiwa|''Tokiwa'']] (常盤), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1898
* [[USS Albany (CL-23)|USS ''Albany'' (CL-23)]], [[United States Navy]], 1898
* [[Yermak (1898 icebreaker)|''Yermak'']] (Ермак), [[Imperial Russian Navy]], 1898
* [[Icebreaker Angara|''Angara'']], Imperial Russian Navy, 1899
* [[HNoMS Norge|HNoMS ''Norge'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of Norway (1844-1905).svg|20px|Norwegian Navy Ensign pre-1905]] [[Royal Norwegian Navy]], 1899
* [[HNoMS Eidsvold|HNoMS ''Eidsvold'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of Norway (1844-1905).svg|20px|Norwegian Navy Ensign pre-1905]] Royal Norwegian Navy, 1899
* [[Japanese battleship Hatsuse|''Hatsuse'']] (初瀬), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1899
* [[Japanese cruiser Izumo|''Izumo'']] (出雲), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1899
* [[Japanese cruiser Iwate|''Iwate'']] (磐手), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1900
* [[Southern Cross (Melanesian Mission ship series)|''Southern Cross'']], Melanesian Mission Steamer, 1903
* [[HMS Swiftsure (1903)|HMS ''Swiftsure'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1903
* [[Japanese battleship Kashima|''Kashima'']] (鹿島), [[File:Naval Ensign of Japan.svg|20px|Japanese Navy Ensign]] Imperial Japanese Navy, 1905
* [[HMS Superb (1907)|HMS ''Superb'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1907
* [[Brazilian battleship Minas Geraes|''Minas Geraes'']], [[File:Flag of Brazil.svg|20px|Flag of Brazil]] [[Brazilian Navy]], 1908
* [[Brazilian cruiser Bahia|''Bahia'']], [[File:Flag of Brazil.svg|20px|Flag of Brazil]] Brazilian Navy, 1909
* [[HMS Monarch (1911)|HMS ''Monarch'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1911
* [[HMS Canada (1913)|HMS ''Canada'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1913
* [[HMS Agincourt (1913)|HMS ''Agincourt'']], battleship built for [[Ottoman Navy]] but confiscated by British in July 1914
* [[HMS Malaya|HMS ''Malaya'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1915
* [[HMS Eagle (1918)|HMS ''Eagle'']], [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1918
* {{HMS|Nelson|28|6}}, [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|White Ensign]] Royal Navy, 1925
* [[Spanish cruiser Isla de Luzón|''Isla de Luzón'']], [[Spanish Navy]] 1886-1887
{{div col end}}
They built [[oil tanker]]s, including:
{{div col | colwidth=25em}}
* ''British Emperor'', [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1916
* ''British Endeavour'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1927
* ''British Ensign'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1917
* ''British Isles'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1917
* ''British Princess'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1917
* ''British Progress'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1927
* ''British Sovereign'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[British Tanker Company]], 1917
* ''San Felix'' [[File:Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|20px|Red Ensign]] [[Eagle Oil and Shipping Company]], 1921<ref>{{cite web|publisher=uboat.net|title=San Felix|url=https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/ship/938.html|access-date=1 June 2021}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

===Locomotives===
Armstrong Whitworth built a few railway locomotives between 1847 and 1868, but it was not until 1919 that the company made a concerted effort to enter the railway market.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://steamindex.com/manlocos/armbeard.htm |title=Steam index |publisher=Steam index |access-date=2 June 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140919093743/http://www.steamindex.com/manlocos/armbeard.htm |archive-date=19 September 2014  }}</ref>

[[File:Armstrong Whitworth Catalogue Cover.jpg|thumb|right|Many of the locomotives are shown in this catalogue in the collection of the [[North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers]]]]

Contracts were obtained for the construction and supply of steam and diesel locomotives to railway systems in Britain and overseas, including those detailed in the following table.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Serial<br />numbers !! Year !! Quantity !! Customer !! Class !! Wheel<br />arrangement !! Road<br />numbers !! Notes
|-
| 1–50 || 1919–1921 || align=right| 50 || [[North Eastern Railway (UK)|North Eastern Railway]] || [[NER Class T2|T2]] || [[0-8-0]] || 2253–2302 || align=left| to [[London and North Eastern Railway|LNER]] (same numbers) in 1923, class Q6; renumbered 3410–3459 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Hennigan|Hoole|1984|p=55}}
|-
| 69–93 || 1921 || align=right| 25 || [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class HG|G]]<br /><small>(BESA HGS)</small> || [[2-8-0]] || 122–146 || align=left| later all-India 26528–26552.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=62}}
|-
| 94–110 || 1920 || align=right| 17 || [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class HG|M]]<br /><small>(BESA HGS)</small> || [[2-8-0]] || 483–499 || align=left| later all-India 26610–26626.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=66}}
|-
| 111–120 || 1921 || align=right| 10 || [[Caledonian Railway]] || [[Caledonian Railway 72 Class|72]]  || [[4-4-0]] || 82–91 || align=left| to [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway|LMS]] 14487–14496 in 1923
|-
| 137–159 || 1922 || align=right| 23 || [[North Western Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class SG|SGS]] || [[0-6-0]] || 2484–2506 || align=left|{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=81}} all except one to Pakistan at Partition;{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=84}} 2500 to Eastern Punjab Railway; later all-India 36889.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=80}}
|-
| 161–170 || 1922 || align=right| 10 || [[Buenos Aires Western Railway]] || [[BAWR classes 4F|4F]]  || [[2-6-2T]] || 824–833 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=128}}
|-
| 175–179 || 1922–23 || align=right| 5 || [[Midland Great Western Railway]] || [[MGWR Classes F, Fa, and Fb|Fa]]  || [[0-6-0]] || 44–48 || align=left| to [[Great Southern Railways|GSR]] 641–645 in 1925.{{sfn|Clements|McMahon|2008|pp=205–206}}
|-
| 185–190 || 1923 || align=right| 6 || [[Great Southern and Western Railway]] || [[GS&WR Class 400|400]]  || [[4-6-0]] || 407–409<br />403–405 || align=left| to [[Great Southern Railways|GSR]] (same numbers) in 1925.{{sfn|Clements|McMahon|2008|pp=235–244}}
|-
| 191-390 || 17 May 1921<br />to<br />12.01.1923 || align=right | 200 || [[Belgian State Railways]] || [[Belgian State Railways type 37|Type 37]] || [[2-8-0]] || 5001–5200 || align=left| renumbered Type 31 in 1931. 162 upgraded between 1936 and 1947, unrebuilt engines renumbered Type 30
|-
| 391–415 || 1922 || align=right| 25 || [[North Eastern Railway (UK)|North Eastern Railway]] || [[NER Class E1|E1]] || [[0-6-0T]] || 2313–2339 || align=left| to [[London and North Eastern Railway|LNER]] (same numbers) in 1923, class J72; renumbered 8721–8745 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Allen|Boddy|Brown|Fry|1971|p=28}}
|-
| 416–465 || 1921–22 || align=right| 50 || [[Midland Railway]] || [[Midland Railway 3835 Class|3835 / 4F]] || [[0-6-0]] || 3937–3986 || align=left| to [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway|LMS]] (same numbers) in 1923
|-
| 466–467 || Cancelled || align=right| (2) || [[Northern Counties Committee]] || ([[NCC Class U|U]]) || [[4-4-0]] || — || align=left | Order cancelled; locomotives built at [[Derby Works]] instead.{{sfn|Rowledge|1993|p=10}}
|-
| 468–472 || 1922 || align=right| 5 || [[Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway]] || [[Midland Railway 3835 Class|3835 / 4F]] || [[0-6-0]] || 57–61 || align=left| to [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway|LMS]] 4557–4561 in 1930
|-
| 479–487 || 1923 || align=right| 9 || [[North Western Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class SG|SGS]] || [[0-6-0]] || 2536–2544 || align=left| ;{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=81}} to Eastern Bengal Railway 312–318/66/20 in 1929/39;{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=34}} four survivors became all-India 34265–67/73.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=58}}
|-
| 488–499 || 1923 || align=right| 12 || [[North Western Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class SP|SPS]] || [[4-4-0]] || 2989–2996, 3006–3009 || align=left| three to Pakistan at Partition;{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=87}} remainder to Eastern Punjab Railway, later all-India 24481–28889.<ref name=Hughes79-72>{{Harvnb|Hughes|1979|p=72}}</ref>
|-
| 500–515 || 1923 || align=right| 16 || [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class PT|A]]<br /><small>(BESA PTS)</small>|| [[2-6-4T]] || 265–280 || align=left|{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=27}} to North Western Railway 517–532 (not in order) in 1929;{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=78}} most to Pakistan at Partition;{{sfn|Hughes|1996|p=87}} seven to Eastern Punjab Railway, later all-India 27106–27112.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=74}}
|-
| 516–535 || 1923 || align=right| 20 || [[Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class SG|SGS]] || [[0-6-0]] || 505–524 || align=left|{{sfn|Hughes|1981|p=89}} to East Indian Railway 1448–1457 in 1925;{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=45}} split between Eastern and Northern Railways, later all-India in range 34236–34243,{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=58}} 36804–36818.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=78}}
|-
| 536–552 || 1923 || align=right| 17 || [[East Indian Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class SG|SGS]] || [[0-6-0]] || 1390–1406 || align=left|{{sfn|Hughes|1981|p=45}} split between Eastern and Northern Railways, later all-India in range 34163–34164,{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=57}} 34218–34224,{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=58}} 36792–36811.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=78}}
|-
| 565–566 || 1924 || align=right | 2 || [[Ferrocarril Pacífico de Colombia]] ||  || [[4-6-0+0-6-4]] || 29–30 || align=left|<ref name=Hamilton>{{cite web|url=http://users.powernet.co.uk/hamilton/other.html |work=The Garratt Locomotive |title=Garratt locomotives from other builders |last=Hamilton |first=Gavin |access-date=3 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120313075308/http://users.powernet.co.uk/hamilton/other.html |archive-date=13 March 2012  }}</ref>
|-
| 567–591 || 1923 || align=right | 25 || [[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]] || [[BAGS class 11C|11C]] || [[4-8-0]] || 4201–4225 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=60}}
|-
| 605–616 || 1924 || align=right| 12 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] || [[GCR Class 11F|D11/2]] || [[4-4-0]] || 6388–6399 || align=left| Renumbered 2683–2694 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Hennigan|Neve|1981|p=102}}
|-
| 623–632 || 1926 || align=right | 10 || [[South Australian Railways]] || [[South Australian Railways 600 class (steam)|600]] || [[4-6-2]] || 600–609 || align=left|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comrails.com/sar_locos/r_b_600.html |title=SAR 600 class |work=comrails.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726072618/http://www.comrails.com/sar_locos/r_b_600.html |archive-date=26 July 2011  }}</ref>
|-
| 633–642 || 1926 || align=right | 10 || [[South Australian Railways]] || [[South Australian Railways 500 class (steam)|500]] || [[4-8-2]] || 500–509 || align=left|<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.comrails.com/sar_locos/r_b_500.html | title=SAR 500 class | work=comrails.com | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812022704/http://www.comrails.com/sar_locos/r_b_500.html | archive-date=12 August 2012 | df=dmy-all }}</ref>
|-
| 643–652 || 1926 || align=right | 10 || [[South Australian Railways]] || [[South Australian Railways 700 class (steam)|700]] || [[2-8-2]] || 700–709 || align=left|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comrails.com/sar_locos/r_b_700.html |title=SAR 700 class |work=comrails.com |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818100611/http://www.comrails.com/sar_locos/r_b_700.html |archive-date=18 August 2012  }}</ref>
|-
| 655–701 || 1924 || align=right | 47 || [[Bengal Nagpur Railway]] || [[Bengal Nagpur Railway HS class|HSM]] || [[2-8-0]] || 700–729, 744–760 || align=left| later all-India 26174–26220.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=38}}
|-
| 702–707 || 1924 || align=right | 6 || [[Metropolitan Railway]] || [[Metropolitan Railway K Class|K]] || [[2-6-4T]] || 111–116 || align=left| to [[London and North Eastern Railway]] 6158–6163, class L2, in 1937; survivors allocated 9070–9073 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1977|pp=10–12}}
|-
| 714–725 || 1925 || align=right | 12 || [[Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway]] || [[BA&P class 2101|2101]] || [[4-6-2]] || 2101–2112 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=96}}
|-
| 726–760 || 1925 || align=right | 35 || [[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]] || [[BAGS class 11D|11D]] || [[2-8-0]] || 4301–4335 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|pp=61–62}}
|-
| 761–769 || 1925 || align=right | 9 || [[Southern Railway (Great Britain)|Southern Railway]] || [[SECR K and SR K1 classes|K]] || [[2-6-4T]] || A791–A799 || align=left| Rebuilt to [[SR U class|U class 2-6-0]]
|-
| 771–801 || 1925 || align=right | 31 || [[Bengal Nagpur Railway]] || [[Bengal Nagpur Railway HS class|HSM]] || [[2-8-0]] || 761–791 || align=left| later all-India 26220–26251.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=38}}{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=18}}
|-
| 850–874 || 1927 || align=right | 25 || [[Queensland Railways]] || [[Queensland C17 class locomotive|C17]] || [[4-8-0]] || 802–826 || align=left|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.qrig.org/motive-power/builders/ |title=Locomotive builders |work=Queensland Railways Interest Group |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080721201323/http://www.qrig.org/motive-power/builders/ |archive-date=21 July 2008  }}</ref>
|-
| 875–884 || 1927 || align=right | 10 || [[Ferrocarril Central Argentino]] || [[FCCA MS6A|MS6A]] || [[4-8-4T]] || 501–510 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=151}}
|-
| 885–904 || 1928 || align=right | 20 || [[History of rail transport in Egypt|Egyptian State Railways]] || [[Egyptian State Railways 545 class|545]] || [[2-6-0]] ||  || align=left|{{sfn|Hughes|1981|p=22}} five appropriated by [[Israel Railways]] after the [[Suez Crisis|1956 Israeli invasion of Sinai]]{{sfn|Cotterell|1984|pp=101, 137}}
|-
| 905–934 || 1927 || align=right | 30 || [[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]] || [[BAGS class 11C|11C]] || [[4-8-0]] || 4226–4255 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=60}}
|-
| 938–987 || 1928 || align=right | 50 || [[Great Western Railway]] || [[GWR 5600 Class|5600]] || [[0-6-2T]] || 6650–6699 || align=left|{{sfn|Whitehurst|1973|pp=58–59}}
|-
| 1005–1015 || 1929 || align=right | 11 || [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class XD|XD]] || [[2-8-2]] || 853–863 || align=left| later all-India 22397–22407.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=35}}{{sfn|Hughes|1981|p=68}}
|-
| 1016–1019 || 1929 || align=right | 4 || {{Interlanguage link multi|Great Western of Brazil Railway|pt|3=Great Western}} ||  || [[4-6-0]] || 230–233 ||
|-
| 1020–1023 || 1929 || align=right | 4 || {{Interlanguage link multi|Great Western of Brazil Railway|pt|3=Great Western}} ||  || [[4-8-0]] || 234–237 || 
|-
| 1024–1025 || 1929 || align=right | 2 || {{Interlanguage link multi|Great Western of Brazil Railway|pt|3=Great Western}} ||  || [[2-6-2+2-6-2]] || 238–239 || align=left|<ref name=Hamilton />
|-
| 1026–1037 || 1929 || align=right | 12 || [[Ceylon Government Railway]] || [[Ceylon Government Railway B1-B6|B1]] || [[4-6-0]] || 279–290 || align=left|{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=94}}
|-
| 1038–1057 || 1930 || align=right | 20 || [[Ferrocarril Central Argentino]] || [[FCCA MS6A|MS6A]] || [[4-8-4T]] || 511–530 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=151}}
|-
| 1058–1068 || 1930 || align=right | 11 || [[Eastern Bengal Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class XB|XB]] || [[4-6-2]] || 443–453 || align=left| to Pakistan at Partition.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|pp=34, 38}}
|-
| 1069–1080 || 1930 || align=right | 12 || [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]] || [[Indian locomotive class XB|XB]] || [[4-6-2]] || 200–211 || align=left| later all-India 22131–22142.{{sfn|Hughes|1979|p=32}}{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=68}}
|-
| 1081–1100 || 1930 || align=right | 20 || [[Ferrocarril Central Argentino]] || [[FCCA PS11|PS11]] || [[4-6-2]] || 1101–1120 || align=left| 3-cylinder with Caprotti valve gear.{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=162}}
|-
| 1105–1110 || 1931 || align=right | 6 || [[Buenos Aires Western Railway]] || [[BAWR class 15|15]] || [[4-8-0]] || 1500–1505 || align=left|{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=130}}
|-
| 1111–1130 || 1931 || align=right | 20 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] || [[GNR Class H4|K3/2]] || [[2-6-0]] || 1100/01/02/06<br />1108/17/18/19<br />1121/25/33/35<br />1137/41/54/56<br />1158/62/64/66 || align=left| Renumbered 1899–1918 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Boddy|Neve|Tee|Yeadon|1982|pp=142–143}}
|-
| 1131–1155 || 1930–31 || align=right | 25 || [[Great Western Railway]] || [[GWR 5700 Class|5700]] || [[0-6-0PT]] || 7775–7799 || align=left|{{sfn|Whitehurst|1973|p=68}}
|-
| 1156–1165 || 1934–35 || align=right | 10 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] || [[GNR Class H4|K3/2]] || [[2-6-0]] || 1302/04/08<br />1310/24/06<br />2934–2937 ||align=left|  Renumbered 1919–1928 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Boddy|Neve|Tee|Yeadon|1982|pp=142–143}}
|-
| 1166–1265 || 1935 || align=right | 100 || [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway]] || [[LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0|Stanier 5]] || [[4-6-0]] || 5125–5224 || align=left|{{sfn|Rowledge|1975|p=11}}
|-
| 1266–1269 || 1935 || align=right | 4 || [[Yuehan railway|Yue Han Railway]], China || [[China Railways ET6|ET6]] || [[0-8-0]] || 501–504 || align=left|
|-
| 1270–1279 || 1936 || align=right | 10 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] || [[GNR Class H4|K3/2]] || [[2-6-0]] || 2417/29/45/46<br />2453/55/58/65<br />2471/72 || align=left| Renumbered 1959–1968 in 1946 scheme.{{sfn|Boddy|Neve|Tee|Yeadon|1982|pp=142–143}}
|-
| 1280–1506 || 1936–37 || align=right | 227 || [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway]] || [[LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0|Stanier 5]] || [[4-6-0]] || 5225–5451 || align=left|{{sfn|Rowledge|1975|p=11}}
|-
| D8 ||  || align=right | 1 || Preston Docks ||  || 0-6-0de || ''Duchess'' || align=left| 250&nbsp;hp shunter
|-
| D9 ||  || align=right | 1 || Demonstrator ||  || 1-Co-1de ||  || align=left| 800&nbsp;hp mixed-traffic diesel-electric<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.derbysulzers.com/aw.html |title=Armstrong Whitworth Locomotives and Railcars in the UK |work=Derby Sulzers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605051825/http://www.derbysulzers.com/aw.html |archive-date=5 June 2014  }}</ref>
|-
|  || 1931 || align=right | 1 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] ||  || Railcar || 25 || align=left| One Sulzer 6-cylinder engine of 250&nbsp;hp.{{sfn|Boddy|Fry|Hennigan|Hoole|1990|pp=77–85}}
|-
|  || 1932 || align=right | 2 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] ||  || Railcar || 224, 232 || align=left| One Sulzer 6-cylinder engine of 250&nbsp;hp.{{sfn|Boddy|Fry|Hennigan|Hoole|1990|pp=77–85}}
|-
|  || 1933 || align=right | 1 || [[London and North Eastern Railway]] ||  || Railbus || 294 || align=left| One Saurer engine of 95&nbsp;hp.{{sfn|Boddy|Fry|Hennigan|Hoole|1990|pp=77–85}}
|-
|  || 1933 || align=right | 1 || [[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]] ||  || 1A-Bo+Bo-A1 || CM210 || align=left| Two Sulzer 8LV34 engines of 850&nbsp;hp.{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=72}}
|-
| D20 || 1933 || align=right | 1 || [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway]] ||  || 0-6-0de || [[LMS diesel shunter 7058|7408]] || align=left| 250&nbsp;hp shunter; renumbered 7058 in 1934; to have been renumbered 13000 by British Railways in 1948, but withdrawn before number applied.{{sfn|Rowledge|1975|pp=37, 46}}
|-
| D21–D26 ||  || align=right | 6 ||  ||  || 0-4-0de ||  || align=left| 85&nbsp;hp shunter
|-
| D27–D28 || 1934 || align=right | 2 || Demonstrator ||  || 1-Co-1de ||  || align=left| Sulzer 8LD28 engine, 800&nbsp;hp, 66-inch gauge; trialled on [[Ceylon Government Railway]]; returned; to [[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]] in 1937.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=94}}{{sfn|Carter|2006|p=72}}
|-
| D43 || 1934 || align=right | 1 || [[Ceylon Government Railway]] || [[CGR G1|G1]] || 0-4-0de || 500 || align=left| 122&nbsp;hp shunter.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=94}}
|-
| D46–D51 || 1934 || align=right | 6 || [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]] || [[MSMR YZZT|YZZT]] || Railcar || 1–6 || align=left| 160&nbsp;hp diesel-electric.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=68}}
|-
| D54–D63 || 1936 || align=right | 10 || [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway]] || — || 0-6-0de || [[LMS diesel shunters 7059-7068|7059–7068]] || align=left| 350&nbsp;hp shunter; to War Department in 1942 (4) and 1944 (6).{{sfn|Rowledge|1975|pp=37–38, 46}}
|-
| D64 || 1936 || align=right | 1 || [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]] || DE || 0-6-0de || 800 || align=left| 360&nbsp;hp shunter.{{sfn|Hughes|1990|p=27}}
|}

==Armament==

Cannons and other armament were produced by the [[Elswick Ordnance Company]], the armament division of Armstrong Whitworth. An especially notable example is the [[Armstrong 100-ton gun]].

==See also==
{{Portal|Companies}}
* [[List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]

==References==
{{Reflist|20em}}

===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{RCTS-LocosLNER|8B}}
* {{RCTS-LocosLNER|9A}}
* {{RCTS-LocosLNER|6C}}
* {{RCTS-LocosLNER|3B}}
* {{RCTS-LocosLNER|10B}}
* {{RCTS-LocosLNER|6A}}
* {{cite book |last=Burke |first=David |year=1985 |title=Kings of the Iron Horse |publisher=Methuen }}
* {{Carter-RailwaysMotivePowerArgentina}}
* {{ClementsMcMahon-GSR Locomotives}}
* {{cite book |last=Cotterell |first=Paul |year=1984 |title=The Railways of Palestine and Israel |place=Abingdon, Oxfordshire |publisher=Tourret Publishing |isbn=0-905878-04-3 }}
* {{cite book |last=Hughes |first=Hugh |year=1979 |title=Steam locomotives in India: Part 3—Broad Gauge |location=Harrow, Middlesex |publisher=The Continental Railway Circle |isbn=0-9503469-4-2 }}
* {{cite book|last=Hughes |first=Hugh |year=1981 |title=Middle East Railways |location=Harrow, Middlesex |publisher=Continental Railway Circle |isbn=0-9503469-7-7 }}
* {{Hughes-IndianLocos1}}
* {{Hughes-IndianLocos4}}
* {{cite book| last1=Johnston|first1=Ian| last2 =Buxton| first2=Ian| title=The Battleship Builders - Constructing and Arming British Capital Ships| publisher=Naval Institute Press| location= Annapolis,Maryland| date=2013| type=Hardback|  isbn=978-1-59114-027-6}}
* {{Rowledge-Engines of the LMS}}
* {{Rowledge-Irish Steam Register}}
* {{Cite book
  |title=Armstrong Whitworth: A Pioneer of World Diesel Traction
  |first=Brian  |last=Webb
  |author-link=Brian Webb (railway historian)
  |year=2010
  |publisher=Lightmoor Publishing
  |isbn=9781899889457
}}
* Tapper, Oliver (1988). ''Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft since 1913''. London:Putnam. {{ISBN|0-85177-826-7}}.
* {{Whitehurst GW Engines from 1940}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Armstrong Whitworth}}
* [http://www.tyneandweararchives.org.uk Tyne and Wear Archives Service] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218182005/http://www.tyneandweararchives.org.uk/mauretania/ |date=18 December 2007 }}, for records of the company
* [http://www.derbysulzers.com/aw.html Armstrong Whitworth diesel locomotives and railcars]
* [http://lightmoor.co.uk/book_extra.php?ref=L9457 Brian Webb: Armstrong Whitworth: A World Diesel Pioneer - list of diesel locos] {{ISBN|9781899889457}}]
* {{PM20|FID=co/047732|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}

{{British shipbuilders evolution}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Armstrong Whitworth| ]]
[[Category:Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England]]
[[Category:Former defence companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Defunct shipbuilding companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Defunct manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Locomotive manufacturers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Engineering companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Vintage vehicles]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1847]]
[[Category:Scotswood]]
[[Category:1847 establishments in England]]
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[[Category:1927 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:British companies disestablished in 1927]]
[[Category:British companies established in 1874]]
[[Category:British shipbuilders]]
[[Category:Former submarine builders]]
[[category:Shipbuilding on the River Tyne]]