View source for Autumn

{{short description|One of Earth's four temperate seasons}}
{{about|the temperate season}}
{{redirect|Fall}}
{{pp-move}}
{{EngvarB|date=November 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox temperate season
|title=Autumn (fall)
|image=Dülmen, Wildpark -- 2014 -- 3808 color balanced.jpg
|alt=A lakeside autumn scene, with trees in hues of orange and green and deer in the distance standing next to a wooden bridge
|caption=Leaves often turn orange and fall from trees in autumn.
|ndate1=22 September – 21&nbsp;December
|ndate2=1 September – 30&nbsp;November
|ndate3=1 August – 31&nbsp;October
|sdate1=20 March – 21&nbsp;June
|sdate2=1 March – 31&nbsp;May
|sdate3=1 February – 30&nbsp;April
}}
{{Weather}}

'''Autumn''', also known as '''fall''' (in [[North American English]]),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/fall |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306044904/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/fall |url-status=live |archive-date=6 March 2023 |title=Fall Definition & Meaning |website=dictionary.com }}</ref> is one of the four [[temperate]] [[season]]s on [[Earth]]. Outside the tropics, autumn marks the transition from [[summer]] to [[winter]], beginning in September ([[Northern Hemisphere]]) or March ([[Southern Hemisphere]]). Autumn is the season when the duration of [[daytime]] becomes noticeably shorter and the temperature cools considerably. Day length decreases and night length increases as the season progresses until the [[winter solstice]] in December (Northern Hemisphere) and June (Southern Hemisphere). One of its main features in [[temperate climates]] is the striking [[Autumn leaf color|change in colour]] of the leaves of [[deciduous trees]] as they [[leaf#Seasonal leaf loss|prepare to shed]].

==Date definitions==
Some cultures regard the autumnal [[equinox]] as "mid-autumn", while others with a longer [[Seasonal lag|temperature lag]] treat the equinox as the start of autumn.<ref>{{cite web|title=NOAA's National Weather Service – Glossary|url=http://www.crh.noaa.gov/glossary.php?word=autumn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111152359/http://www.crh.noaa.gov/glossary.php?word=autumn|archive-date=2012-01-11|access-date=2010-08-06|publisher=Crh.noaa.gov}}</ref> In the [[English-speaking world]] of high latitude countries, autumn traditionally began with [[Lammas Day]] and ended around [[Halloween]], the approximate mid-points between [[midsummer]], the autumnal equinox, and [[midwinter]]. Meteorologists (and Australia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/glossary/seasons.shtml|title=Climate Glossary – Seasons|website=www.bom.gov.au |publisher=[[Bureau of Meteorology]], Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://media.bom.gov.au/social/blog/1762/solstices-and-equinoxes-the-reasons-for-the-seasons/ |title=Solstices and equinoxes: the reasons for the seasons |work=[[Bureau of Meteorology]] |date=21 June 2018 |access-date=16 January 2020}}</ref> and most of the [[temperate countries]] in the southern hemisphere)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deguara |first1=Brittney |title=When does winter officially start in New Zealand? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113038178/when-does-winter-officially-start-in-new-zealand |work=Stuff |date=27 May 2019 |access-date=4 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tourism.net.nz/new-zealand/about-new-zealand/weather-and-climate.html |title=New Zealand Weather and Climate, New Zealand Weather, Temperatures and Climate in New Zealand |publisher=Tourism.net.nz |access-date=2010-08-06}}</ref> use a definition based on [[Gregorian calendar]] months, with autumn being September, October, and November in the northern hemisphere,<ref>{{cite web|title= Understanding Weather – Autumn Forecasting|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/features/understanding/autumn_forecasting.shtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100904052411/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/features/understanding/autumn_forecasting.shtml|archive-date=4 September 2010|access-date=2010-08-06|publisher=BBC Weather Centre}}</ref> and March, April, and May in the southern hemisphere.

In the higher latitude countries in the Northern Hemisphere, autumn traditionally starts with the [[September equinox]] (21 to 24&nbsp;September)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/22/first-day-of-fall-2010-au_n_734692.html |title=First Day Of Fall 2010: Autumn Equinox Photos |work=HuffPost|date= 22 September 2010|access-date=2010-09-22 |first=Craig |last=Kanalley| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924195451/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2010/09/22/first-day-of-fall-2010-au_n_734692.html| archive-date= 24 September 2010 |url-status = live}}</ref> and ends with the winter solstice (21 or 22 December).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almanac.com/content/first-day-winter-winter-solstice|title=The First Day of Winter: Winter Solstice 2018|website=Old Farmer's Almanac |date=10 September 2025 }}</ref> In the United States, Labor Day (the first Monday in September) is often informally treated as the end of summer and start of autumn; certain summer traditions, such as wearing white, may be frowned upon after that date.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://time.com/5658699/white-after-labor-day/ |title=Why We Can't Wear White After Labor Day |author=Laura FitzPatrick |date=8 September 2009 |magazine=Time |access-date=25 February 2011 |archive-date=8 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808012233/https://time.com/5658699/white-after-labor-day/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> As daytime and nighttime temperatures decrease, trees [[autumn leaf color|change colour]] and then shed their leaves.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/northamerica/8050370/Fall-in-North-America-autumn-colour-in-New-England-and-beyond.html|title = Travel|date = 11 October 2010|access-date = 15 October 2015|website = Fall in North America: autumn colour in New England and beyond|last = Arnold|first = Kathy}}</ref> 

Under the traditional East Asian [[solar term]] system, autumn starts on or around 8 August and ends on or about 7 November. In Ireland, the autumn months according to the national meteorological service {{langr|ga|[[Met Éireann]]}} are [[September]], [[October]], and [[November]].<ref name="met.ie">{{cite web|date=3 December 2007|title=The Weather of Autumn 2007 (September, October & November summary)|url=http://www.met.ie/climate/monthly_summarys/autumn07.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230150034/http://www.met.ie/climate/monthly_summarys/autumn07.pdf|archive-date=30 December 2010|access-date=10 October 2012|work=Met Éireann – The Irish Meteorological Service Online}}</ref> However, according to the [[Irish Calendar]], which is based on ancient [[Gaelic Ireland|Gaelic]] traditions, autumn lasts throughout the months of August, September, and October, or possibly a few days later, depending on tradition. In the [[Irish language]], September is known as {{lang|ga|Meán Fómhair}} ('middle of autumn') and October as {{lang|ga|Deireadh Fómhair}} ('end of autumn').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyedge.ie/summer-its-literally-not-what-it-used-to-be-164328-Jun2011/|title=Summer, it's literally not what it used to be|first=Hugh|last=O'Connell|website=The Daily Edge |date=28 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://everestlanguageschool.com/autumn-in-ireland/|title=Autumn in Ireland – Everest Language School|date=10 October 2016}}</ref> Late [[Roman Republic]] scholar [[Marcus Terentius Varro]] defined autumn as lasting from the third day before the [[Roman calendar#Days|Ides]] of [[Sextilis]] (11 August) to the fifth day before the Ides of [[November (Roman month)|November]] (9 November).<ref name="Varro37BC">{{cite wikisource |author=Varro |author-link=Varro |title=Res Rusticae (Country Matters) |volume=Book 1 |orig-date=c. 37 BCE |plainchapter=4 Concerning the Agricultural Seasons}}</ref>

==Etymology==
{{Listen image
| main_image         = Quebec city, Quebec, Canada202205.jpg
| main_image_caption = Autumnal scene with yellow, orange, and red leaves
| main_image_alt     = Bright orange leaves against a mostly clear blue sky
| filename           = Leaves falling from the trees during autumn in the forest.wav
| title              = Leaves falling from the trees during autumn in the forest
| description        = Sound of leaves on trees and fallen on the ground
}}
The word ''autumn'' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɔː|t|ə|m|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-autumn.wav}}) is derived from Latin {{lang|la|autumnus}}, archaic {{lang|la|auctumnus}}, possibly from the ancient [[Etruscan language|Etruscan]] root {{lang|ett|autu-}}, which had connotations of the passing of the year.<ref>{{cite book|last=Breyer|first=Gertraud|title=Etruskisches Sprachgut im Lateinischen unter Ausschluss des spezifisch onomastischen Bereiches|year=1993|publisher=Peeters Publishers|isbn=90-6831-335-5|pages=412–413|language=de}}</ref> Alternative etymologies include {{langx|ine-x-proto|*h₃ewǵ-}} ({{gloss|cold}}) or {{lang|ine-x-proto|*h₂sows-}} ('dry').<ref>Tucker, T.G., Etymological Dictionary of Latin, Ares Publishers, 1976 (reprint of 1931 edition).</ref>

After the Greek era,{{what|date=September 2025}} the word continued to be used as the [[Old French]] word {{lang|fro|autompne}} ({{lang|fr|automne}} in [[modern French]]) or {{lang|enm|autumpne}} in Middle English,<ref>Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd Edition, entry at ''automn''.</ref> and was later normalised to the original Latin. In the [[Medieval]] period, there are rare examples of its use as early as the 12th century, but by the 16th century, it was in common use.

Before the 16th century, ''[[harvest]]'' was the term usually used to refer to the season, as it is common in other [[West Germanic languages]] to this day ([[cf.]] Dutch {{lang|nl|herfst}}, German {{lang|de|Herbst}}, and [[Scots language|Scots]] {{lang|sco|hairst}}). However, as more people gradually moved from working the land to living in towns, the word ''harvest'' lost its reference to the time of year and came to refer only to the actual activity of reaping, and ''autumn'', as well as ''fall'', began to replace it as a reference to the season.<ref>{{OEtymD|harvest}}</ref><ref>{{OEtymD|autumn}}</ref>

The alternative word ''fall'' for the season traces its origins to old [[Germanic languages]]. The exact derivation is unclear, with the [[Old English language|Old English]] {{lang|ang|fiæll}} or {{lang|ang|feallan}} and the [[Old Norse language|Old Norse]] {{lang|non|fall}} all being possible candidates. However, these words all have the meaning 'to fall from a height' and are clearly derived either from a common root or from each other. The term came to denote the season in [[16th-century England]], a contraction of [[Middle English]] expressions like "[[Abscission|fall of the leaf]]" and "fall of the year". Compare the origin of ''spring'' from "spring of the leaf" and "spring of the year".<ref>Little, William et al.: ''The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1959 edition reprinted with corrections. The phrase "fall of the leaf" was first found in print in 1545 (volume I, page 670), and the usage of "fall" in this sense is noted as "now rare in [British] English literary use". The phrase "spring of the year" first appeared in print in 1530 (volume II, p. 1983).</ref>

During the 17th century, English settlers began emigrating to the [[British colonization of the Americas|new North American colonies]], and took the English language with them. While the term ''fall'' gradually became nearly obsolete in Britain, it became the more common term in North America.<ref>{{cite web |title=Is It 'Autumn' or 'Fall'? |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/autumn-vs-fall |website=Merriam Webster |access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref>

The name ''backend'', a once common name for the season in [[Northern England]], has today been largely replaced by the name ''autumn''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Revealed: How London accents have killed off local dialects across England|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/05/26/revealed-how-london-accents-have-killed-off-local-dialects-acros/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2016/05/26/revealed-how-london-accents-have-killed-off-local-dialects-acros/ |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=27 May 2016|work=The Telegraph}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==Associations==

===Harvest===

Association with the transition from warm to cold weather, and its related status as the season of the primary [[harvest]], has dominated its themes and popular images. In Western cultures, personifications of autumn are usually pretty, well-fed females adorned with fruits, vegetables and grains that ripen at this time. Many cultures feature autumnal [[harvest festival]]s, often the most important on their calendars.

Still-extant echoes of these celebrations are found in the autumn [[Thanksgiving]] holiday of the United States and Canada, and the Jewish [[Sukkot]] holiday with its roots as a full-moon harvest festival of "tabernacles" (living in outdoor huts around the time of harvest). There are also the many festivals celebrated by [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas]] tied to the harvest of ripe foods gathered in the wild, the Chinese [[Mid-Autumn Festival]], also known as the Moon Festival, and many others. The predominant mood of these autumnal celebrations is a gladness for the fruits of the earth mixed with a certain melancholy linked to the imminent arrival of harsh weather.

This view is presented in English poet [[John Keats]]'s poem ''[[To Autumn]]'', where he describes the season as a time of bounteous fecundity, a time of "mellow fruitfulness".

In North America, while most foods are harvested during the autumn, foods usually associated with the season include pumpkins (which are integral parts of both Thanksgiving and [[Halloween]]) and apples, which are used to make the seasonal beverage [[apple cider]].

===Melancholia===
[[File:Józef Chełmoński - Jesień 1875.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|{{lang|pl|Jesień}} ('Autumn') – An [[oil painting]] by [[Józef Chełmoński]] (1875) presenting a typical view of autumn in the 19th-century Polish [[countryside]]]]
Autumn, especially in poetry, has often been associated with [[melancholia]]. The possibilities and opportunities of summer are gone, and the chill of winter is on the horizon. Skies turn grey, the amount of usable daylight drops rapidly, and many people turn inward, both physically and mentally.<ref>[http://www.symbolism.org/writing/books/sp/4/page2.html Cyclical Regenerative Time – (c) Autumn] (from 'Symbolism of Place', symbolism.org website)</ref> It has been referred to as an unhealthy season.<ref>{{Cite journal|url = http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=did;cc=did;rgn=main;view=text;idno=did2222.0002.576|title = Autumn|year = 2013|access-date = 31 March 2015|journal = The Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project|publisher = Michigan Publishing|last = D'Alembert|first = Jean Le Rond|editor-last = Holtrop|editor-first = Ellen|orig-date = 1751}}</ref>

Similar examples may be found in Irish poet [[William Butler Yeats|{{nowrap|W. B.}} Yeats]]'s poem ''[[The Wild Swans at Coole (poem)|The Wild Swans at Coole]]'' where the maturing season that the poet observes symbolically represents his own ageing self. Like the natural world that he observes, he too has reached his prime and now must look forward to the inevitability of old age and death. French poet [[Paul Verlaine]]'s "{{langr|fr|[[Chanson d'automne]]}}" ('Autumn Song') is likewise characterised by strong, painful feelings of sorrow. Keats's ''[[To Autumn]]'', written in September 1819, echoes this sense of melancholic reflection but also emphasises the lush abundance of the season. The song "[[Autumn Leaves (1945 song)|Autumn Leaves]]", based on the French song "{{langr|fr|Les Feuilles mortes}}" ({{lit|Dead Leaves}}), uses the melancholic atmosphere of the season and the end of summer as a metaphor for the mood of being separated from a loved one.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.kcrw.com/music/2017/09/the-original-autumn-leaves/|access-date=8 September 2018|title=The Original "Autumn Leaves"|date=19 September 2017}}</ref>

===Halloween===
{{main|Halloween}}
[[File:Greenwich Village Halloween Parade (6451249051).jpg|thumb|The annual [[Greenwich Village Halloween Parade]] in [[Lower Manhattan|Lower]] [[Manhattan]] is the world's largest [[Halloween]] parade, with millions of spectators annually, and has its roots in [[LGBT culture in New York City|New York City's queer community]].|alt=People dressed as various undead creatures dance in unison at night on a cordoned-off street]]
Autumn is associated with [[Halloween]] (influenced by {{langr|ga|[[Samhain]]}}, a Celtic autumn festival),<ref name="ENC">{{cite web |url=http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572079/Halloween.html |title=Halloween |work=[[Microsoft Encarta|Encarta]] |publisher=Microsoft |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091028170821/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572079/Halloween.html |archive-date=28 October 2009 |access-date=20 June 2007 }}</ref> and with it a widespread marketing campaign that promotes it. The [[Celtic people]] also used this time to celebrate the [[harvest]] with a time of feasting. At the same time though, it was a celebration of death as well. Crops were harvested, livestock were butchered, and winter was coming.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Halloween and the Autumn season {{!}} Arlington Heights Museum – News|url=https://www.ahmuseum.org/halloween-and-the-autumn-season/|access-date=2021-09-13|website=www.ahmuseum.org}}</ref>

Halloween, 31 October, is in autumn in the northern hemisphere. Television, film, book, costume, home decoration, and confectionery businesses use this time of year to promote products closely associated with such a holiday, with promotions going from late August or early September to 31 October, since their themes rapidly lose strength once the holiday ends, and advertising starts concentrating on Christmas.

In the southern hemisphere Halloween takes place in Spring.

===Other associations===
[[File:Kalevanpuisto syyskuussa 2.jpg|thumb|Autumn colouration at the Kalevanpuisto park in [[Pori]], Finland.|alt=A bright autumn day with a vanishing point along a sidewalk]]
In some parts of the northern hemisphere, autumn has a strong association with the end of [[summer vacation|summer holiday]] and the [[first day of school|start of a new school year]], particularly for children in primary and secondary education. "[[Back to school (marketing)|Back to School]]" advertising and preparations usually occurs in the weeks leading to the beginning of autumn.

[[Thanksgiving Day]] is a national holiday celebrated in Canada, in the United States, in some of the [[Caribbean|Caribbean islands]], and in Liberia. Thanksgiving is celebrated on the [[Thanksgiving (Canada)|second Monday of October]] in Canada, on the [[Thanksgiving (United States)|fourth Thursday of November]] in the United States (where it is commonly regarded as the start of the [[Christmas and holiday season]]), and around the same part of the year in other places. Similarly named festival holidays occur in Germany and Japan.{{cn|date=September 2025}}

Television stations and networks, particularly in North America, traditionally begin their regular seasons in their autumn, with new series and new episodes of existing series debuting mostly during late September or early October (series that debut outside the autumn season are usually known as [[mid-season replacement]]s). A sweeps period takes place in November to measure [[Nielsen Ratings]].

[[American football]] is played almost exclusively in the autumn months; at the [[high school football|high school level]], seasons run from late August through early November, with some playoff games and [[American football on Thanksgiving|holiday rivalry contests]] being played as late as Thanksgiving. In many American states, the championship games take place in early December. [[College football]]'s regular season runs from September through November, while the main [[professional football (gridiron)|professional]] circuit, the [[National Football League]], plays from September through to early January.

Summer sports, such as association football (in Northern America, East Asia and South Africa), [[Canadian football]], [[stock car racing]], tennis, golf, [[cricket]], and professional baseball, wrap up their seasons in early to late autumn; [[Major League Baseball]]'s championship [[World Series]] is popularly known as the "Fall Classic".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/fallclassicdefin0000ende|url-access=registration|title=The Fall Classic: The Definitive History of the World Series|first=Eric|last= Enders|publisher=Sterling Publishing Company|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4027-4770-0}}</ref> (Amateur baseball is usually finished by August.) Likewise, professional winter sports, such as [[ice hockey]] and basketball, and most leagues of association football in Europe, are in the early stages of their seasons during autumn; American [[college basketball]] and [[college ice hockey]] play teams outside their [[athletic conference]]s during the late autumn before their in-conference schedules begin in winter.

The Christian religious holidays of [[All Saints' Day]] and [[All Souls' Day]] are observed in autumn in the Northern hemisphere. Easter falls in autumn in the southern hemisphere.

The secular celebration of [[International Workers' Day]] also falls in autumn in the southern hemisphere.

Since 1997, [[Autumn (given name)|Autumn]] has been one of the top 100 names for girls in the United States.<ref>[http://www.ssa.gov/OACT/babynames/ Popular Baby Names], Social Security Online.</ref>

Iranians celebrate the beginning of the autumn during the festival of {{translit|fa|[[Mehregan]]|italics=no}} ({{langx|fa|مهرگان|rtl=yes}}). Indians celebrate the beginning of autumn during the festivals of [[Vijayadashami]] and [[Diwali]].

In Indian mythology, autumn is considered to be the preferred season for the goddess of learning [[Saraswati]], who is also known by the name of "goddess of autumn" (Sharada).

In Asian mysticism, Autumn is associated with the [[Wuxing (Chinese philosophy)|element]] of [[Metal (Wu Xing)|metal]], and subsequently with the colour white, the [[Bai Hu|White Tiger of the West]], and death and mourning.

==Tourism==
[[File:Vermont 2016 Foliage (29529310564).jpg|thumb|Reflection of autumnal colors on [[Eden, Vermont|Eden Lake]], [[Vermont]], U.S.|alt=A lakeside view of an autumnal forest; the lake is so still the clouds and forest can be seen reflected in it]]
{{See also|Leaf peeping}}Although [[Autumn leaf color|colour change in leaves]] occurs wherever [[deciduous]] trees are found, coloured autumn [[foliage]] is noted in various regions of the world: most of North America, Eastern Asia (including China, Korea, and Japan), Europe, southeast, south, and part of the midwest of Brazil,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-04-21|title=Lugares para curtir o outono no Brasil que você precisa conhecer|url=https://blog.guichevirtual.com.br/lugares-para-curtir-o-outono-no-brasil/|access-date=2020-11-05|website=Guiche Virtual|language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Turismo|first=iG|date=2020-03-18|title=8 destinos nacionais para você visitar durante o outono – Destinos Nacionais – iG|url=https://turismo.ig.com.br/destinos-nacionais/2020-03-18/8-destinos-nacionais-para-visitar-durante-o-outono.html|access-date=2020-11-05|website=Turismo|language=pt-BR}}</ref> the forest of [[Patagonia]], eastern Australia and New Zealand's [[South Island]].

Eastern Canada and [[New England]] are famous for their autumnal foliage,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gov.ns.ca/news/details.asp?id=19990921001 |title=Nova Scotia Capitalizes on Fall Tourism &#124; Government of Nova Scotia |publisher=Gov.ns.ca |date=21 September 1999 |access-date=2010-03-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/the-complete-guide-to-leafpeeping-612904.html |title=The Complete Guide to Leaf-Peeping & Advice, Travel |work=The Independent |date=14 September 2002 |access-date=2010-03-06 | location=London | first=Ben | last=Ross}}</ref> and this attracts major tourism (worth billions of US dollars) for the regions.<ref>{{cite web |author=Shir Haberman |url=http://www.seacoastonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071009/NEWS/710090335 |title=Leaf peepers storm N.H., Maine |publisher=SeacoastOnline.com |access-date=2010-03-06 |archive-date=14 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914165754/http://www.seacoastonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20071009%2FNEWS%2F710090335 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&sid=a3vkUrgIabaA&refer=us |title=Record New England Rains Make Foliage 'a Dud,' Hurt Tourism |publisher=Bloomberg L.P. |date=4 November 2005 |access-date=2010-03-06}}</ref>

==Views of autumn==
<gallery>
File:Acer saccharum Equinox Mountain Vermont.jpg|Autumn foliage in [[Vermont]], US
File:Maple Trees by Creek.jpg|Maple leaves changing colour by a creek.
File:Pumpkin-Pie-Whole-Slice.jpg|[[Pumpkin pie]] is commonly served on and around [[Thanksgiving]] in North America
File:01259 All Saints Day Sanok, 2011.jpg|[[All Saints' Day]] at a cemetery in [[Sanok]], Poland—flowers and lit candles are placed to honour the memory of deceased relatives.
File:Autumnleavesfalling-kanagawa-2022Dec5.webm|Falling autumn leaves in [[Kanagawa Prefecture|Kanagawa]], Japan
File:Harvest Straw Bales in Schleswig-Holstein.jpg|[[Harvest]] straw bales in a field of [[Schleswig-Holstein]], Germany
File:Pumpkins-2009.jpg|[[Halloween]] pumpkins
File:Чарівна мить жовтневого світанку.jpg|Autumn in [[Sedniv]], Ukraine
File:Autumn in Arrowtown, New Zealand.jpg|Autumn colours in [[Arrowtown]], New Zealand
File:Autumn in Spanish park.jpg|Autumn seen in a park in [[Madrid]], Spain
</gallery>

==Allegories of autumn in art==
<gallery>
File:Allegory_of_Autumn_-_sala_di_Prometeo.jpg|''Autumn'', by [[Giuseppe Collignon]]
File:Autumn_Legros_Louvre_MR1981.jpg|''Autumn'', by [[Pierre Le Gros the Elder]]
File:Giuseppe Arcimboldo - Autumn, 1573.jpg|''Autumn'' (1573), by [[Giuseppe Arcimboldo]]
File:Alfons_Mucha_-_1896_-_Autumn.jpg|''Autumn'' (1896), by [[Art Nouveau]] artist [[Alphonse Mucha]]
File:Autumn_LCCN90708855.jpg|''Autumn'' (1871), by Currier & Ives
File:Maxfield_Parrish_-_Autumn_(1905).jpg|This 1905 print by [[Maxfield Frederick Parrish]] illustrated [[John Keats]]' poem ''To Autumn''
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Autumn in New England]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{sister project links|d=Q1314|q=Autumn|wikt=autumn|c=Category:Autumn|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|species=no}}

{{Seasons}}

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[[Category:Autumn| ]]
[[Category:Etymologies]]