View source for BMT Broadway Line

{{short description|New York City Subway line}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2025}}
{{for-multi|the BMT elevated line along Broadway in Brooklyn|BMT Jamaica Line|the IRT line that follows Broadway in Upper Manhattan and the Bronx|IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox rail line
|color           = {{rcr|NYCS|Broadway}}
|name            = BMT Broadway Line
|image           = {{rint|nycs|N|size=50}} {{rint|nycs|Q|size=50}} {{rint|nycs|R|size=50}} {{rint|nycs|W|size=50}}
|image_width     = 200
|caption         = The [[N (New York City Subway service)|N]], [[Q (New York City Subway service)|Q]], [[R (New York City Subway service)|R]], and [[W (New York City Subway service)|W]], which use the Broadway Line through [[Midtown Manhattan]], are colored yellow.
|type            = [[Rapid transit]] line
|system          = [[New York City Subway]]
|status          = Operational
|locale          = [[Manhattan]], [[New York City]]
|start           = east of [[Lexington Avenue/59th Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Lexington Avenue/59th Street]]
|end             = south of [[Whitehall Street–South Ferry (BMT Broadway Line)|Whitehall Street–South Ferry]]
|stations        = 16
|routes          = 
|daily_ridership = 445,799<ref name="ridership">{{NYCS const|riderref|weekday}}</ref>
|open            = {{start date and age|1917|4|9}}
|close           = 
|owner       = [[Government of New York City|City of New York]]
|operator    = [[New York City Transit Authority]]
|character       = Underground
|stock           = 
|linelength      = 
|tracklength     = 
|tracks          = 
|gauge           = {{track gauge|ussg}}
|electrification = [[List of current systems for electric rail traction|600V DC third rail]]
|speed           = 
|elevation       = 
|map             = {{switcher
|{{maplink-road|from=BMT Broadway Line.map}}
|Show interactive map
|{{BMT Broadway Line|inline=1}}
|Show route diagram
}}
|map_state       = collapsed
}}
The '''BMT Broadway Line''' is a [[rapid transit]] line of the [[B Division (New York City Subway)|B Division]] of the [[New York City Subway]] in [[Manhattan]]. {{As of|2016|November}}, it is served by four services, all colored {{NYCS const|color|yellow}}: the {{NYCS trains|Broadway express}} on the express tracks and the {{NYCS trains|Broadway center local weekday}} on the local tracks during weekdays (the N and Q trains make local stops during late nights, as do the N and R trains on weekends). The line is often referred to as the "N and R",<ref>{{cite news|first=Randy|last=Kennedy|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/31/nyregion/honoring-the-champions-tunnel-visions-trapped-in-subway-missing-the-parade.html|title=Honoring the Champions|date=October 31, 2000|page=B10|issn=0362-4331|quote=And the only reason she was standing in the middle of Broadway was that she was below it. Underground. In the N and R subway station.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Susan|last=Saulny|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/05/nyregion/in-subway-changes-w-follows-v-but-for-riders-it-s-not-so-simple.html|title=In Subway Changes, W Follows V, but for Riders It's Not So Simple|date=December 5, 2000|access-date=May 31, 2019|page=B1|issn=0362-4331|quote=The Q, N, R and W trains would all run on N and R tracks in Manhattan.|archive-date=May 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531200309/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/12/05/nyregion/in-subway-changes-w-follows-v-but-for-riders-it-s-not-so-simple.html|url-status=live}}</ref> since those were the only services on the line from 1988 to 2001, when the [[Manhattan Bridge]]'s southern tracks were closed for rebuilding. The Broadway Line was built to give the [[Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company]] (later the [[Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation]], or BMT) access to [[Midtown Manhattan]].

The line is named for its location under [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] between [[Vesey Street]] and [[Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)|Seventh Avenue]]/45th Street ([[Times Square]]). It also passes under Vesey Street, [[Whitehall Street]], [[Trinity Place]], and [[Church Street (Manhattan)|Church Street]] in [[Lower Manhattan]], and Seventh Avenue, [[59th Street (Manhattan)|59th Street]], and [[60th Street (Manhattan)|60th Street]] in [[Midtown, Manhattan|Midtown]]. The local tracks stretch the entire length between the two [[East River]] tunnels: the [[Montague Street Tunnel]] to the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] in [[Brooklyn]] and the [[60th Street Tunnel]] to the [[BMT Astoria Line]] and [[60th Street Tunnel Connection]] in [[Queens]]. Center express tracks exist between [[Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Canal Street]] and [[57th Street–Seventh Avenue (BMT Broadway Line)|57th Street]], turning off at Canal Street to feed the [[south tracks on the Manhattan Bridge]], and continuing north and east under [[Central Park]] as the [[63rd Street Lines|IND/BMT 63rd Street Line]] (connecting with the [[Second Avenue Subway]]). The Broadway Line was the only Manhattan outlet north of [[Delancey Street]] for the BMT's Brooklyn lines until 1967, when the opening of the [[Chrystie Street Connection]] allowed most [[BMT Brighton Line]] and [[BMT West End Line]] service to be moved to the [[IND Sixth Avenue Line]].

== Description and service ==
The following services use the Broadway Line<ref>{{NYCS const|serviceguide}}</ref> and are colored {{NYCS const|color|yellow}}:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan=2|Route
!colspan=6|Services
|-
!&nbsp;
!Time period
!South of<br />[[Whitehall Street–South Ferry (BMT Broadway Line)|Whitehall St]]
!Between<br />Whitehall St<br />and [[Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line via Tunnel)|Canal St]]
![[Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line via Bridge)|Canal St<br />via Bridge]]
!Between<br />Canal St<br />and [[Times Square–42nd Street (BMT Broadway Line)|42 St]]
![[49th Street (BMT Broadway Line)|49 St]]<br />and<br />[[57th Street–Seventh Avenue (BMT Broadway Line)|57 St]]
!Between 57<br />St and<br />[[Lexington Avenue–59th Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Lexington Ave]]
|-
|rowspan=3|{{rint|newyork|N}}
|Weekdays
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" {{N/A|no service}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|express
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|local
|-
|Weekends
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" {{N/A|no service}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="4"|local
|-
|Nights
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|local
| style="text-align:center;"  {{N/A|no service}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|local
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{rint|newyork|Q}}
|All times except nights
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" {{N/A|no service}}
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|express
|align=center {{N/A|no service<br />(diverges north of 57 St)}}
|-
|Nights
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" {{N/A|no service}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|local
|align=center {{N/A|no service<br />(diverges north of 57 St)}}
|-
|rowspan=2|{{rint|newyork|R}}
|All times except nights
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"|local
| style="text-align:center;" {{N/A|no service}}
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|local
|-
|Nights
|align=center|local
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="5" {{N/A|no service}}
|-
|{{Rint|newyork|w}}
|Weekdays
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="1"|local<br /><small>rush hours</small>
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="1"|local
| style="text-align:center;" {{N/A|no service}}
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |local
|}
[[File:5th Avenue BMT 9314.JPG|thumb|[[Fifth Avenue–59th Street station]]]]

The BMT Broadway Line begins at the 60th Street Tunnel from Queens. The N and W trains from the BMT Astoria Line and the R service from the [[IND Queens Boulevard Line]] join at the beginning of the tunnel. The line runs west as a two-track subway line under 60th Street (east of Fifth Avenue) and 59th Street (west of Fifth Avenue), with stations at [[Lexington Avenue/59th Street (New York City Subway)|Lexington Avenue/59th Street]] and [[Fifth Avenue–59th Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Fifth Avenue/59th Street]]. It then turns south to Seventh Avenue into the [[57th Street–Seventh Avenue (BMT Broadway Line)|57th Street–Seventh Avenue]] station.<ref name="tracks">{{NYCS const|trackref|trackbook3}}</ref>

At the 57th Street station, the line joins two express tracks that enter the station from the north via the [[BMT 63rd Street Line]], which the Q uses (with rush hour service from the N and R).<ref>* {{NYCS const|timetable|n}}
* {{NYCS const|timetable|r}}</ref> The line proceeds as a four-track subway down Seventh Avenue to its intersection with Broadway at [[Times Square-42nd Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Times Square-42nd Street]], and then continues down Broadway to a point north of [[Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Canal Street]], where the express tracks carrying the N and Q services descend and turn sharply east to [[Canal Street (BMT Manhattan Bridge Line)|separate platforms]] from the local tracks, before crossing the south side of the [[Manhattan Bridge]] to go to Brooklyn.<ref name="tracks" />

Immediately after Canal Street, the express tracks resume again (originally they had been intended to run through) and serve as storage and turning tracks, bypassing the Canal Street local station and ending in the disused lower level of [[City Hall (BMT Broadway Line)|City Hall]]. The local tracks continue south as a two-track subway to [[South Ferry–Whitehall Street (New York City Subway)|Whitehall Street–South Ferry]] station. Whitehall Street–South Ferry is a three track, two-platform station, with the center track set up as a terminal track for the W train during weekdays, and late night R trains. A pair of [[Bellmouth (railroad terminology)|bellmouths]] exists here, allowing for a connection to a never-built East River tunnel south of the Montague Street Tunnel that would have connected to Atlantic Avenue in Brooklyn.<ref name="Senate">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEA8AQAAMAAJ|title=Report of the Public Service Commission of The First District of the State Of New York For The Year Ending December 31, 1915|date=January 1, 1916|publisher=New York State Public Service Commission|language=en}}</ref> It has been proposed to use this as part of the [[Lower Manhattan–Jamaica/JFK Transportation Project]], connecting to the [[Court Street (IND Fulton Street Line)|Court Street]] station ([[New York Transit Museum]]) in Brooklyn.<ref>Community Consulting Services, Inc. in association with George Haikalis, Transportation Consultant, {{cite web|url=http://www.communityconsulting.org/BklynTransit/Draft_Agenda_4-03.pdf |title=Better Transit for Brooklyn: A Proposal for a Brooklyn Transit Agenda |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701041055/http://www.communityconsulting.org/BklynTransit/Draft_Agenda_4-03.pdf |archive-date=July 1, 2007 }} &nbsp;{{small|(2.46&nbsp;MB)}}, revised April 2003, page 49</ref><ref>Regional Rail Working Group, {{cite web |url= http://www.rrwg.org/ertunnel.pdf |title= East River Tunnel |access-date= April 13, 2007 |archive-date= January 8, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070108012812/http://www.rrwg.org/ertunnel.pdf |url-status= live }}&nbsp;{{small|(687&nbsp;KB)}}, page 4 (includes a map)</ref>

The BMT Broadway Line then curves east carrying the R train to a trailing non-revenue connection with the [[BMT Nassau Street Line]] ({{NYCS trains|Fourth Nassau}}) and enters the Montague Street Tunnel to Brooklyn.<ref name="tracks" />

=== Unused sections and provisions ===
Because of the complicated history, the Broadway Line includes several remnants of earlier plans. The line was built as four tracks south to City Hall, where the local tracks were to terminate on the upper level, and the express tracks were to use the lower level, curving through Vesey Street into Church Street. However, the final plan had the express tracks splitting at Canal Street and passing under the northbound local track to the Manhattan Bridge. The tracks via Canal Street and the Manhattan Bridge were not intended to be connected to the Broadway Line. Instead, they were supposed to be a crosstown line continuing further west. The tracks were connected to the Broadway Line as it allowed through operation between the Broadway Line and the Fourth Avenue Line in Brooklyn to go into operation more than a year earlier than would otherwise have been possible.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CuFMAQAAMAAJ&q=fourth+Avenue+line+subway&pg=PA185 |title=Report of the Public Service Commission for the First District of the State of New York |date=1918 |publisher=The Public Service Commission for the First District of the State of New York |page=74 |language=en}}</ref> From the Canal Street Bridge station, it is possible to see where the line would have continued further west to a terminal near the Hudson River. At the Canal Street local station, the express tracks terminate part of the way into the station, more evidence of the change of plans. The tunnel south of City Hall was rebuilt to bring the upper local tracks down to the lower level north of Vesey Street, and the lower level at City Hall was never used for passenger service. The lower level is currently used for train storage.<ref name="Senate" /><ref>Joseph Brennan, [http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/abandoned/citybmt.html Abandoned Stations: City Hall (BMT) lower level] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190917183053/http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/abandoned/citybmt.html |date=September 17, 2019 }}, accessed March 21, 2007</ref><ref name="Cudahy 1995" /><ref name="www.nycsubway.org">{{cite web |title=BMT Broadway Line |url=http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/BMT_Broadway_Line |access-date=November 6, 2016 |website=www.nycsubway.org |archive-date=October 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010212237/http://www.nycsubway.org/wiki/BMT_Broadway_Line |url-status=live }}</ref>

Unused construction is also present near the west end of the Queensboro Bridge. The original plan there was to build two one-track tunnels under 59th and 60th Streets east of Fifth Avenue, rising onto the bridge to Queens.<ref name="n124743448">{{Cite web |date=May 23, 1914 |title=Lines in Manhattan Progressing Rapidly |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-lines-in-manhattan/124743448/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Brooklyn Citizen |page=14 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160740/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-lines-in-manhattan/124743448/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On July 28, 1915, the [[New York Public Service Commission]] approved a change of plans requested by the [[New York City Board of Estimate]] to place both tracks under 60th Street and cross the East River in the 60th Street Tunnel,<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 29, 1915 |title=Adopts Tunnel To Queens.; Service Board Approves Change in New Subway Route. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1915/07/29/archives/adopts-tunnel-to-queens-service-board-approves-change-in-new-subway.html |access-date=December 3, 2017 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504023037/https://www.nytimes.com/1915/07/29/archives/adopts-tunnel-to-queens-service-board-approves-change-in-new-subway.html |url-status=live }}</ref> because of concern whether or not the bridge could handle the weight of all-steel subway trains. A piece of the 59th Street tunnel had already been built, concurrent with the construction of the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, and became a walkway connecting the two [[side platform]]s of the IRT's [[59th Street (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)|59th Street]] station.<ref name="Cudahy 1995" /><ref>Joseph Brennan, [http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/abandoned/lexbmt.html Abandoned Stations: Lexington Ave (BMT) unfinished platforms] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170212160849/http://www.columbia.edu/~brennan/abandoned/lexbmt.html |date=February 12, 2017 }}, accessed March 21, 2007</ref>[[File:Weekend work 2011-10-24 12 (6276952442).jpg|thumb|The 60th Street Tunnel getting weekend track work]]
North of 57th Street, provisions were built to extend the four tracks northwest through Central Park and under [[Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)|Eighth Avenue]] through the [[Upper West Side, Manhattan|Upper West Side]] to [[Inwood, Manhattan|Inwood]], along the route later built as the [[IND Eighth Avenue Line]]. The provision existed for many years and would have allowed for a grade-separated junction, allowing Broadway service via 59th Street and Eighth Avenue to coexist.<ref name="Assembly 1918">{{Cite book |last=Assembly |first=New York State Public Service Commission |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xygbAQAAIAAJ&q=atlantic+avenue+whitehall&pg=PA170 |title=Report of the Public Service Commission For The First District of the State of New York For The Year Ending December 31, 1917 |date=January 15, 1918 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|253}} The provisions from two express tracks were connected to the BMT 63rd Street Line in 1989. The provisions from the two local tracks remain unused.<ref name="Senate" /><ref>Transit Commission, [http://www.nycsubway.org/articles/new_subways_ind_proposal.html New Subways: Proposed Additions to Rapid Transit System] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070424163633/http://www.nycsubway.org/articles/new_subways_ind_proposal.html |date=April 24, 2007 }}, 1922</ref>

South of the Whitehall Street station, provisions were built to allow for two tunnels to Atlantic Avenue in Brooklyn.<ref name="Assembly 1918" />{{Rp|284}}

== History ==

=== Planning ===
[[IRT Main Line|New York City's first subway line]], operated by the [[Interborough Rapid Transit Company]] (IRT), ran along [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] in [[Lower Manhattan]] and [[Upper Manhattan]], but it detoured away from Broadway between [[New York City Hall]] and [[Times Square]].<ref name="Walker 1918">{{cite book |last1=Walker |first1=James Blaine |url=https://archive.org/details/fiftyyearsrapid00walkgoog |title=Fifty Years of Rapid Transit — 1864 to 1917 |date=1918 |publisher=Law Printing |location=New York, N.Y. |access-date=November 6, 2016}}</ref>{{Rp|139–161}} [[John B. McDonald]], the contractor who built the first subway line, had considered constructing a subway line under part of the remaining portion of Broadway as early as April 1902. The line would have run between [[Union Square, Manhattan|Union Square]] and Times Square, merging with the IRT's subway line north of Times Square.<ref name="n123887493">{{Cite news |date=1902-04-08 |title=M'Donald for East Side Plan |pages=1 |work=New-York Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123887493/mdonald-for-east-side-plan/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |archive-date=May 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501224805/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123887493/mdonald-for-east-side-plan/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In July 1902, McDonald and the IRT's president [[August Belmont Jr.]] unsuccessfully proposed a line under Broadway between Union Square and Times Square for $100,000.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1902-07-23 |title=P. R. R. Franchise Rejected |pages=1 |work=New-York Tribune |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123887851/p-r-r-franchise-rejected/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |archive-date=May 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501224803/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123887851/p-r-r-franchise-rejected/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1902-07-22 |title=Brooklyn Tunnel Construction Bids; Rapid Transit Co. of That Borough Wants $8,000,000 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1902/07/22/archives/brooklyn-tunnel-construction-bids-rapid-transit-co-of-that-borough.html |access-date=2023-05-01 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501231802/https://www.nytimes.com/1902/07/22/archives/brooklyn-tunnel-construction-bids-rapid-transit-co-of-that-borough.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The ''[[Brooklyn Daily Eagle]]'' reported that, if the New York City government had accepted Belmont and McDonald's proposal, the government could lose $150,000 in annual income from the streetcar companies that used Broadway.<ref name="n123888072">{{Cite news |date=1902-07-23 |title=City Will Lose $150,000 a Year |pages=6 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123888072/city-will-lose-150000-a-year/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |archive-date=May 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230501224804/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123888072/city-will-lose-150000-a-year/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[New York Public Service Commission]] adopted plans for what was known as the Broadway–Lexington Avenue route on December 31, 1907. This route began at [[Battery Park|the Battery]] and ran under [[Greenwich Street]], Vesey Street, Broadway to [[Ninth Street (Manhattan)|Ninth Street]], private property to [[Irving Place]], and Irving Place and [[Lexington Avenue]] to the [[Harlem River]]. After crossing under the Harlem River into [[the Bronx]], the route split at Park Avenue and 138th Street, with one branch continuing north to and along [[Jerome Avenue]] to [[Woodlawn Cemetery, Bronx|Woodlawn Cemetery]], and the other heading east and northeast along 138th Street, [[Southern Boulevard (Bronx)|Southern Boulevard]], and [[Westchester Avenue]] to [[Pelham Bay Park]]. In early 1908, the Tri-borough plan was formed, combining this route, the under-construction [[Centre Street Loop Subway]] in Manhattan and [[Fourth Avenue Subway]] in Brooklyn, a [[Canal Street subway]] from the Fourth Avenue Subway via the Manhattan Bridge to the [[Hudson River]], and several other lines in Brooklyn.<ref>James Blaine Walker, [https://books.google.com/books?id=lpEgAAAAMAAJ Fifty Years of Rapid Transit, 1864–1917] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326195238/https://books.google.com/books?id=lpEgAAAAMAAJ |date=March 26, 2023 }}, published 1918, pp. 207-223</ref><ref>[[Engineering News-Record|Engineering News]], [http://www.nycsubway.org/articles/triboro.html A New Subway Line for New York City] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120705042944/http://www.nycsubway.org/articles/triboro.html |date=July 5, 2012 }}, Volume 63, No. 10, March 10, 1910</ref> A list of stations on the Broadway–Lexington Avenue line were announced in 1909. The plans tentatively called for a super-express service with stops at Warren or Murray Street and at [[Canal Street (Manhattan)|Canal Street]] in Lower Manhattan, running non-stop to [[86th Street (Manhattan)|86th Street]] and [[125th Street (Manhattan)|125th Street]] in [[Upper Manhattan]].<ref name=nyt-1909-07-21>{{Cite news|date=1909-07-21|title=Stations for New Subway; Tentative Plans Announced -- Few Express Stops, Permitting High Speed.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1909/07/21/archives/stations-for-new-subway-tentative-plans-announced-few-express-stops.html|access-date=2023-05-16|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=May 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230516152610/https://www.nytimes.com/1909/07/21/archives/stations-for-new-subway-tentative-plans-announced-few-express-stops.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=p572268569>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|572268569}} |title=Stations on New Line: Tentative List on Broadway-lexington Avenue Subway Announced |date=21 Jul 1909 |page=12 |work=New-York Tribune|issn=1941-0646}}</ref>

[[File:1911 BRT plan.jpg|thumb|right|350px|The BRT proposal]]
The [[Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company]] (BRT) submitted a proposal to the Commission, dated March 2, 1911, to operate the Tri-borough system (but under Church Street instead of Greenwich Street), as well as a branch along Broadway, Seventh Avenue, and 59th Street from Ninth Street north and east to the [[Queensboro Bridge]]; the Canal Street subway was to merge with the Broadway Line instead of continuing to the Hudson River.<ref name="p574742724">{{cite news |date=3 Mar 1911 |title=New Plan for Subways: B. R. T. Offers to Equip and Operate City Built System |page=5 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|574742724}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1911-03-03">{{Cite news |date=1911-03-03 |title=New Subway System Outlined by B.R.T.; Tunnel from Brooklyn, Tube Up Broadway to 59th Street and East to Williamsburg Bridge. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/03/03/archives/new-subway-system-outlined-by-brt-tunnel-from-brooklyn-tube-up.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145639/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/03/03/archives/new-subway-system-outlined-by-brt-tunnel-from-brooklyn-tube-up.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The IRT initially opposed the BRT's plans to operate a subway line under Broadway in Manhattan, as the IRT wanted to operate the line itself, but the BRT persisted.<ref name="nyt-1911-04-15">{{Cite news |date=1911-04-15 |title=B.R.T. Stands Firm for Broadway Line; Its Attitude Seems Likely to Bring an Early Determination of Subway Tangle. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/04/15/archives/brt-stands-firm-for-broadway-line-its-attitude-seems-likely-to.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145636/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/04/15/archives/brt-stands-firm-for-broadway-line-its-attitude-seems-likely-to.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In May 1911, the IRT proposed constructing a two-track line extending from Lafayette Avenue in Brooklyn, which would cross the East River into Manhattan and travel west under 14th Street, north under Broadway, and east under 59th Street to the [[Queensboro Bridge]].<ref name="p574764906">{{cite news |date=10 May 1911 |title=Interboro Makes New Offer; East, It Says: Ready to Spend $99,524,500 for Construction and Equipment of New Subways |page=1 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|574764906}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1911-05-10">{{Cite news |date=1911-05-10 |title=New Interboro Subway Offer in; Would Spend $24,000,000 More and Yields on Matter of Elevated Extensions. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/05/10/archives/new-interboro-subway-offer-in-would-spend-24000000-more-and-yields.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145637/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/05/10/archives/new-interboro-subway-offer-in-would-spend-24000000-more-and-yields.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The BRT refused to accept this offer.<ref name="nyt-1911-05-18">{{Cite news |date=1911-05-18 |title=Williams Attacks Subway Compromise; Tells BrooklynAudience That Deal with Interborough Now Would Be Dishonorable. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/05/18/archives/williams-attacks-subway-compromise-tells-brooklynaudience-that-deal.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145636/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/05/18/archives/williams-attacks-subway-compromise-tells-brooklynaudience-that-deal.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The city, the BRT, and the IRT reached an agreement and sent a report to the [[New York City Board of Estimate]] on June 5, 1911. The line along Broadway to 59th Street was assigned to the BRT, while the IRT obtained the [[IRT Lexington Avenue Line|Lexington Avenue line]], connecting with its existing route at [[Grand Central–42nd Street (New York City Subway)|Grand Central–42nd Street]].<ref name="p574777243">{{cite news |date=6 Jun 1911 |title=B. R. T. And Interboro Meet in Warm Debate: Williams and Quackenbush Present Merits of Rival Subway Offer |page=1 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|574777243}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1911-06-06">{{Cite news |date=1911-06-06 |title=City's Conferrees Agreed on Subways: Decide on Report to Be Submitted to Board of Estimate on Thursday. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/06/06/archives/citys-conferrees-agreed-on-subways-decide-on-report-to-be-submitted.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145645/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/06/06/archives/citys-conferrees-agreed-on-subways-decide-on-report-to-be-submitted.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[New York City Board of Estimate]] approved the report on June 21.<ref name="p574773115">{{cite news |date=22 Jun 1911 |title=Adopt Subway Report by Unanimous Vote: Board of Estimate Gives B. R. T. And Interborough a Week to Prepare Replies Some Amendments Made Mcaneny Agrees to That Offered by Mitchel, to Which Miller Objects--P. S. C. Asked to Draw Up Contracts |page=1 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|574773115}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1911-06-22">{{Cite news |date=1911-06-22 |title=M'Aneny Subway Report is Adopted; Board of Estimate Acts Unanimously and Gives Interborough and B.R.T. a Week to Reply. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/06/22/archives/maneny-subway-report-is-adopted-board-of-estimate-acts-unanimously.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145636/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/06/22/archives/maneny-subway-report-is-adopted-board-of-estimate-acts-unanimously.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Public Service Commission approved a proposal in March 1912 to connect the line with the proposed [[Montague Street Tunnel]] at its southern end.<ref name="n124769814">{{Cite web |date=March 28, 1912 |title=P. S. Board Adopts E. R. Tunnel Route |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-p-s-board-adopts/124769814/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=The Brooklyn Citizen |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515233637/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-p-s-board-adopts/124769814/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Dual Contracts]], two operating contracts between the city and the BMT and IRT, were adopted on March 4, 1913.<ref>James Blaine Walker, [https://books.google.com/books?id=lpEgAAAAMAAJ Fifty Years of Rapid Transit, 1864–1917] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326195238/https://books.google.com/books?id=lpEgAAAAMAAJ |date=March 26, 2023 }}, published 1918, pp. 224-241</ref>

Before construction started, the plans for the Broadway Line's stations in midtown were changed several times. Originally, there was going to be an express station at 47th Street, and there would have been local stations at 42nd and 57th Streets.<ref name="nyt-1913-07-06">{{Cite news |date=1913-07-06 |title=Station Sites for New Subways; Pamphlet Issued by Utilities Board Contains List of Stops on Dual System. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/07/06/archives/station-sites-for-new-subways-pamphlet-issued-by-utilities-board.html |access-date=2023-02-12 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213035017/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/07/06/archives/station-sites-for-new-subways-pamphlet-issued-by-utilities-board.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In December 1913, the plans were changed so that both 47th and 57th Streets were express stations, and the local stop at 42nd Street was relocated to 38th Street.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/12/02/archives/station-spacing-favors-times-sq-brt-plan-might-put-two-express.html|title=Station Spacing Favors Times Sq.; B.R.T. Plan Might Put Two Express Stops Above There in Seventh Avenue And Eight Blocks Apart Besides Leaving No Room for New Station Between 42d and 32d Streets on Broadway.|date=December 2, 1913|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=August 3, 2016|archive-date=July 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180714023622/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/12/02/archives/station-spacing-favors-times-sq-brt-plan-might-put-two-express.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Opponents of the plan said it would cause large amounts of confusion, as Times Square was a "natural" transfer point.<ref name="nyt-1913-12-03">{{Cite news |date=1913-12-03 |title=Times Sq. Natural Point of Transfer; Unless Express Station Is Put There, Great Confusion Will Result |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/12/03/archives/times-sq-natural-point-of-transfer-unless-express-station-is-put.html |access-date=2023-02-12 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212201705/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/12/03/archives/times-sq-natural-point-of-transfer-unless-express-station-is-put.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In February 1914, the PSC ordered the BRT to make the Broadway Line's 42nd Street station an express station.<ref name="nyt-1914-02-06">{{Cite news |date=1914-02-06 |title=Make Times Square an Express Stop; Public Service Commission Will Put a Local Station at Forty-seventh Street. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/02/06/archives/make-times-square-an-express-stop-public-service-commission-will.html |access-date=2023-02-12 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212201709/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/02/06/archives/make-times-square-an-express-stop-public-service-commission-will.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="n118506930">{{Cite news |date=1914-02-06 |title=Important Subway Matters Settled |pages=1 |work=The Standard Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/118506930/important-subway-matters-settled/ |access-date=2023-02-12 |archive-date=February 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212204744/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/118506930/important-subway-matters-settled/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, 57th Street became an express station, while there was to be a local station at 49th Street.<ref name="Senate" /> The change was made at the insistence of Brooklynites who wanted an express station in the [[Theater District, Manhattan|Theater District]] of Manhattan.<ref name="nyt-1914-02-08">{{Cite news |date=February 8, 1914 |title=42d Street an Express Stop.; A Big Victory for Brooklynites, Says The Brooklyn Eagle. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/02/08/archives/42d-street-an-express-stop-a-big-victory-for-brooklynites-says-the.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=August 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726173703/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/02/08/archives/42d-street-an-express-stop-a-big-victory-for-brooklynites-says-the.html |archive-date=July 26, 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

=== Construction ===

==== Work south of 14th Street ====
The first part of the Broadway Line to be built was the section south of 14th Street, which was initially known as the Broadway–Lexington Avenue Line.<ref name="nyt-1912-07-28">{{Cite news |date=1912-07-28 |title=New Subway Work Now Going a Year; About Four-fifths of the Broadway-Lexington Avenue Line Is Under Construction. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1912/07/28/archives/new-subway-work-now-going-a-year-about-fourfifths-of-the.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160741/https://www.nytimes.com/1912/07/28/archives/new-subway-work-now-going-a-year-about-fourfifths-of-the.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In January 1912, the Underpinning & Foundation Company received a $2.295 million contract to construct section 3 of the line, from Howard Street to [[Houston Street]], which included the [[Prince Street station]].<ref name="nyt-1912-01-13">{{Cite news |date=1912-01-13 |title=Broadway Subway Contract Awarded; Section 3 Goes to Underpinning & Foundation Co. If Board of Estimate Approves |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1912/01/13/archives/broadway-subway-contract-awarded-section-3-goes-to-underpinning.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145637/https://www.nytimes.com/1912/01/13/archives/broadway-subway-contract-awarded-section-3-goes-to-underpinning.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="n124739978">{{Cite web |date=January 11, 1912 |title=Subway Bid $2,295,000 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-bid-22/124739978/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145636/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-bid-22/124739978/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The same month, the Degnon Construction Company submitted a low bid for the construction of section 2 of the Broadway–Lexington Avenue Line, from Park Place to Walker Street (two blocks south of Howard Street), for $2.356 million; this segment included the [[City Hall station (BMT Broadway Line)|City Hall station]].<ref name="n124740726">{{Cite web |date=January 24, 1912 |title=Subway Contract Awarded |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-contract/124740726/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515163750/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-contract/124740726/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Canal Street station was to be built as part of section 2A, between Walker and Howard Streets, which was placed for bid in March 1912. The O'Rourke Engineering Construction Company submitted a low bid of about $910,000 for section 2A.<ref name="n124769699">{{Cite web |date=March 23, 1912 |title=Willcox Defends Wagner Subways Bill |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun-willcox-defends-wagner-subways-b/124769699/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=The Sun |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515231500/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sun-willcox-defends-wagner-subways-b/124769699/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-1912-03-23">{{Cite news |date=1912-03-23 |title=Worried by Fight Over Subway Bill; City Officials Fear Defeat of Amendments May Destroy Plans for Traction Relief. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1912/03/23/archives/worried-by-fight-over-subway-bill-city-officials-fear-defeat-of.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515231457/https://www.nytimes.com/1912/03/23/archives/worried-by-fight-over-subway-bill-city-officials-fear-defeat-of.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In September 1912, F. L. Cranford received about $2 million in construction contracts for sections 1 and 1A in Lower Manhattan. By then, the Public Service Commission had decided to divide the Broadway–Lexington Avenue Line between the BRT and the IRT; as such, the commission canceled plans for sections 5 and 6 of the Broadway–Lexington Avenue Line, which paralleled the existing IRT line.<ref name="n124742848">{{Cite web |date=September 16, 1912 |title=Subway Contracts for $8,292,721.40 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-contract/124742848/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |page=18 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515162244/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-contract/124742848/ |url-status=live }}</ref> During construction, workers discovered the remnants of a tunnel for the [[Beach Pneumatic Transit]] near City Hall,<ref name="nyt-1912-07-28" /> as well as the remains of a 17th-century colonial prison near Dey Street.<ref name="n124741832">{{Cite web |date=April 6, 1914 |title=Ancient Prison Unearthed |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/yonkers-statesman-ancient-prison-unearth/124741832/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=Yonkers Statesman |page=4 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515162246/https://www.newspapers.com/article/yonkers-statesman-ancient-prison-unearth/124741832/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In May 1913, the Public Service Commission began receiving bids for section 4 of the Broadway–Lexington Avenue Line, between Houston Street and Union Square, which was to include the [[Eighth Street–New York University station|Eighth Street]] and [[14th Street–Union Square station (BMT Broadway Line)|14th Street]] stations. This was the first construction contract to be placed for bidding after the Dual Contracts had been signed.<ref name="nyt-1913-05-24">{{Cite news |date=1913-05-24 |title=Plan for the B.R.T. Under Broadway; First to be Prepared for Letting Since the Signing of the Agreements. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/05/24/archives/plan-for-the-brt-under-broadway-first-to-be-prepared-for-letting.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125759/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/05/24/archives/plan-for-the-brt-under-broadway-first-to-be-prepared-for-letting.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Dock Contractor Company submitted a low bid of $2.578 million,<ref name="nyt-1913-06-25">{{Cite news |date=1913-06-25 |title=Open Bids for Subway; Dock Company Expected to Get First Section Advertised. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/06/25/archives/open-bids-for-subway-dock-company-expected-to-get-first-section.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125800/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/06/25/archives/open-bids-for-subway-dock-company-expected-to-get-first-section.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="n1238205672">{{Cite news |date=1913-06-24 |title=Subway Progress |pages=1 |work=The Brooklyn Citizen |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123820567/subway-progress/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125800/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123820567/subway-progress/ |archive-date=May 3, 2023}}</ref> but local civic group Broadway Association and various property owners objected to the fact that Dock Contractor was to receive the contract, citing the firm's lack of experience.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1913-07-10 |title=Object to Lowest Subway Bidder; Broadway Association and Property Owners Want Broadway Contract Awarded the Next. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/07/10/archives/object-to-lowest-subway-bidder-broadway-association-and-property.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125802/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/07/10/archives/object-to-lowest-subway-bidder-broadway-association-and-property.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1913-07-10 |title=Protest Lowest Bid on Subway |pages=2 |work=The Brooklyn Citizen |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123819392/protest-lowest-bid-on-subway/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125801/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123819392/protest-lowest-bid-on-subway/ |archive-date=May 3, 2023}}</ref> The Public Service Commission approved Dock Contractor's bid despite these objections,<ref name="nyt-1913-07-16">{{Cite news |date=1913-07-16 |title=Lower Broadway Subway Bid Stands; Service Board Overrules Objections of Property Owners on Evidence of Contractors. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/07/16/archives/lower-broadway-subway-bid-stands-service-board-overrules-objections.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125801/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/07/16/archives/lower-broadway-subway-bid-stands-service-board-overrules-objections.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> and the contract was awarded later that month.<ref name="n123821247">{{Cite news |date=1913-07-19 |title=Subway Bulletin |pages=20 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123821247/subway-bulletin/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125805/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123821247/subway-bulletin/ |archive-date=May 3, 2023}}</ref> By the end of the year, work on the tunnel south of 14th Street was running ahead of schedule. Section&nbsp;3 was 78&nbsp;percent complete, while section&nbsp;4 was 71&nbsp;percent complete.<ref name="nyt-1913-11-30">{{Cite news |date=1913-11-30 |title=New Subway Work Well Under Way; Some of the Lexington Avenue Sections Are More Than Half Completed |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/11/30/archives/new-subway-work-well-under-way-some-of-the-lexington-avenue.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160740/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/11/30/archives/new-subway-work-well-under-way-some-of-the-lexington-avenue.html |url-status=live }}</ref> These sections were more than 80 percent complete by March 1914; work on the City Hall station was so far advanced that contractors had begun installing subway entrances.<ref name="nyt-1914-03-15">{{Cite news |date=1914-03-15 |title=$101,000,000 Subway Work Under Way; Much Progress Made on Dual System in Year Since Signing of the Contracts |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/03/15/archives/101000000-subway-work-under-way-much-progress-made-on-dual-system.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160742/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/03/15/archives/101000000-subway-work-under-way-much-progress-made-on-dual-system.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Canal Street spur ====
By February 1914, the Public Service Commission was soliciting bids for a tunnel extending east under Canal Street to the Manhattan Bridge. Due to the swampy character of the area (which used to contain a drainage canal from [[Collect Pond]]), the commission considered building the line using either the cut-and-cover method or using deep-bore tunneling.<ref name="n124742461">{{Cite web |date=February 8, 1914 |title=Canal Street Subway Plans |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-new-york-times-canal-street-subway-p/124742461/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The New York Times |page=78 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515162242/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-new-york-times-canal-street-subway-p/124742461/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Underpinning and Foundation Company submitted a low bid of $1.822 million for a cut-and-cover tunnel.<ref name="nyt-1914-05-17">{{Cite news |date=1914-05-17 |title=Canal Street Subway; Low Lying Ground Adds to Cost of the Work. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/05/17/archives/canal-street-subway-low-lying-ground-adds-to-cost-of-the-work.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160742/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/05/17/archives/canal-street-subway-low-lying-ground-adds-to-cost-of-the-work.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="n124768566">{{Cite web |date=August 22, 1915 |title=Canal St. Subway is One-third Done |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-canal-st-subway-is-o/124768566/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=The Standard Union |page=16 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515232640/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-canal-st-subway-is-o/124768566/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Canal Street tunnel was originally supposed to be a separate line passing under the Broadway Line station and extend further westward.<ref name="n124768566" /><ref name="nyt-1912-05-14">{{Cite news |date=1912-05-14 |title=Morgan Firm Waits on Subway Debate; Letter Setting a Time Limit on Financing Withdrawn for the Present. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1912/05/14/archives/morgan-firm-waits-on-subway-debate-letter-setting-a-time-limit-on.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515231453/https://www.nytimes.com/1912/05/14/archives/morgan-firm-waits-on-subway-debate-letter-setting-a-time-limit-on.html |url-status=live }}</ref> At the time, the Public Service Commission did not plan to build a track connection between the Canal Street and Broadway lines, saying that such a connection would cause severe train congestion. The BRT wanted to connect the lines, citing the fact that it would be difficult for passengers to transfer at the Canal Street station or to reroute trains in case of emergency.<ref name="nyt-1912-05-14"/> East of [[Centre Street (Manhattan)|Centre Street]], the Canal Street line had four tracks, although the southern two tracks turned south onto the [[BMT Nassau Street Line|Centre Street Loop]].<ref name="n124769443">{{Cite web |date=June 5, 1915 |title=4th Ave. Subway to Open June 15 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-4th-ave-subway-to-op/124769443/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=The Standard Union |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515233639/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-4th-ave-subway-to-op/124769443/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Work on the Canal Street line proceeded slowly,<ref name="nyt-1914-11-30">{{Cite news |date=1914-11-30 |title=$2,000,000 A Month Going Into Subways; Work Well Under Way and All Contracts Soon Will Have Been Let |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/11/30/archives/2000000-a-month-going-into-subways-work-well-under-way-and-all.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160742/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/11/30/archives/2000000-a-month-going-into-subways-work-well-under-way-and-all.html |url-status=live }}</ref> in part because of the high [[water table]] of the area, which required the contractor to pump out millions of gallons of groundwater every day.<ref name="n124768566" /><ref name="n124770117">{{Cite web|date=October 30, 1914|title=Tried to Hold Up Routes for Subway|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-tried-to-hold-u/124770117/|access-date=2023-05-15|website=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|via=Newspapers.com|page=9|archive-date=May 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515234647/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-tried-to-hold-u/124770117/|url-status=live}}</ref> Plans for the Canal Street line west of Broadway were abandoned midway during construction, and the Canal Street line was connected to the Broadway Line instead.<ref name="n124768566" />  The Canal Street spur was less than half completed by January 1916 and was not planned to be opened for another fourteen months.<ref name="nyt-1916-01-23" /> By then, the sections of the mainline Broadway Line south of 26th Street were between 88 and 99.7 percent finished.<ref name="nyt-1916-01-23">{{Cite news |date=1916-01-23 |title=Canal Street Subway; Completion of This Link at Once Will Save City Large Amount. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1916/01/23/archives/canal-street-subway-completion-of-this-link-at-once-will-save-city.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173644/https://www.nytimes.com/1916/01/23/archives/canal-street-subway-completion-of-this-link-at-once-will-save-city.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p575591960">{{cite news |date=17 Jul 1916 |title=Attacks Added Subway Costs: Realty Board Points Out That Idle Sections Are Responsible |page=12 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|575591960}}}}</ref> Real-estate figures wanted the completion of the Canal Street spur to be expedited so the Broadway Line could be opened,<ref name="p98026139">{{cite news |date=30 Jan 1917 |title=Trying to Expedite Work on Subway: Various Plans Being Considered to Hasten Construction and Open Completed Sections. |page=XX5 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |id={{ProQuest|98026139}}}}</ref> and they claimed that the city's failure to open the Broadway Line would result in a loss of profit for the BRT.<ref name="p575591960" /><ref name="n124250479" />

==== Work north of 14th Street ====
The route north of 14th Street was originally considered a separate line, the Broadway Line, which tied into the Broadway–Lexington Avenue Line south of 14th Street.<ref name="nyt-1912-07-28" /> The Public Service Commission began soliciting bids for section 1 of the Broadway Line from 16th to 26th Streets, which included the [[23rd Street station (BMT Broadway Line)|23rd Street station]], in July 1913.<ref name="p129344051">{{cite news |date=2 July 1913 |title=More Subway Building.: Public Service Board Calls for Bids for Broadway-Fourth Avenue Line |page=7 |work=The Wall Street Journal |issn=0099-9660 |id={{ProQuest|129344051}}}}</ref> This segment was awarded to the E. E. Smith Construction Company that September.<ref name="nyt-1913-09-07">{{Cite news |date=1913-09-07 |title=Subway's Progress Mars Union Square; Fine Old Shade Trees Fall Under the Axe and May Never Be Replaced in the Park. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1913/09/07/archives/subways-progress-mars-union-square-fine-old-shade-trees-fall-under.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125804/https://www.nytimes.com/1913/09/07/archives/subways-progress-mars-union-square-fine-old-shade-trees-fall-under.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> By early 1914, contracts had been let for all segments from Whitehall Street to 26th Street.<ref name="nyt-1914-05-11">{{Cite news |date=1914-05-11 |title=7,500 Men Building New Transit Lines: of 74 Contract Sections, 38 Are Awarded, Representing an Expenditure of $106,884,347 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/05/11/archives/7500-men-building-new-transit-lines-of-74-contract-sections-38-are.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160740/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/05/11/archives/7500-men-building-new-transit-lines-of-74-contract-sections-38-are.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Public Service Commission approved plans for the segment between 26th and 38th Streets, including the [[28th Street station (BMT Broadway Line)|28th Street]] and [[34th Street–Herald Square station (BMT Broadway Line)|34th Street]] stations, in April 1914.<ref name="nyt-1914-04-01">{{Cite news |date=1914-04-01 |title=Ready for Subway to Greeley Square; Plans for Broadway Section, 26th to 38th Streets, Approved. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/04/01/archives/ready-for-subway-to-greeley-square-plans-for-broadway-section-26th.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160745/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/04/01/archives/ready-for-subway-to-greeley-square-plans-for-broadway-section-26th.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="n124743448" /> The contract for that section went to the second-lowest bidder, the [[United States Realty and Construction Company]], as the lowest bidder was too inexperienced.<ref name="nyt-1914-05-23">{{Cite news |date=1914-05-23 |title=Bids for Subways Under River Opened; Booth & Flinn and the O'Rourke Co. Offer to Bore Both Tubes for $12,461,000. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1914/05/23/archives/bids-for-subways-under-river-opened-booth-flinn-and-the-orourke-co.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515160740/https://www.nytimes.com/1914/05/23/archives/bids-for-subways-under-river-opened-booth-flinn-and-the-orourke-co.html |url-status=live }}</ref> U.S. Realty began constructing the tunnel between 26th and 38th Streets in August 1914.<ref name="n124743583">{{Cite web |date=November 28, 1914 |title=Subway Progress |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-progress/124743583/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |page=22 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515162242/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-subway-progress/124743583/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

By the end of 1914, contracts had been awarded for all sections south of 38th Street,<ref name="nyt-1914-11-30" /><ref name="n124743583" /> but the section north of 38th Street was delayed due to disputes over the layout and placement of the 42nd Street station.<ref name="nyt-1914-11-30" /> In particular, the Public Service Commission was supposed to have awarded a contract for the portion between the intersection of 38th Street and Broadway, and the intersection of 59th Street and Seventh Avenue.<ref name="nyt-1914-11-30" /> No contract for this section of the line had been awarded by early 1915 because plans for the line north of 59th Street were in dispute.<ref name="n124250479">{{Cite web |date=February 20, 1915 |title=While Finished Subways Lie Idle, City Loses $8,000,00 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-chat/124250479/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Chat |page=51 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173655/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-chat/124250479/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The section between 38th Street and 51st Street, known as section 3,<ref name="n124767390">{{Cite web |date=July 27, 1915 |title=Open Bids on Dual System Sections |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-open-bids-on-du/124767390/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515233638/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-open-bids-on-du/124767390/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="n124768306">{{Cite web |date=July 26, 1915 |title=Receives Subway Bids Tomorrow |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-receives-subway-bid/124768306/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=The Brooklyn Citizen |page=6 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515231457/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-citizen-receives-subway-bid/124768306/ |url-status=live }}</ref> was not put to bid until July 1915.<ref name="n124768306" /><ref name="n124748598">{{Cite web |date=July 4, 1915 |title=Commission Will Prepare Contracts |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-commission-will-prepa/124748598/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |work=The Standard Union |page=16 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173644/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-standard-union-commission-will-prepa/124748598/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This section was to include the [[Times Square–42nd Street station (BMT Broadway Line)|Times Square–42nd Street]] and [[49th Street station (BMT Broadway Line)|49th Street]] stations.<ref name="n124768382">{{Cite web |date=July 28, 1915 |title=Open New Subway Bids |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-new-york-times-open-new-subway-bids/124768382/ |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=The New York Times |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515231459/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-new-york-times-open-new-subway-bids/124768382/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Holbrook, Cabot & Rollins Inc. submitted a low bid of $3.741 million for that section of the line.<ref name="n124767390" /><ref name="n124768382" />

==== Completion ====
The Broadway Line was originally supposed to open at the beginning of 1917. However, the line's opening had to be postponed by mid-1915, as none of the connections to other subway lines were close to finished.<ref name="nyt-1915-08-04">{{Cite news |date=1915-08-04 |title=Broadway Subway to Be Long Delayed; Colonel T.S. Williams of B.R.T. Sees No Chance of Opening It Jan. 1, 1917 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1915/08/04/archives/broadway-subway-to-be-long-delayed-colonel-ts-williams-of-brt-sees.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Broadway Line south of 14th Street was substantially complete by February 1916.<ref name="n123826832">{{Cite news |date=1916-02-22 |title=Manhattan to Coney by Tube Next Year |pages=4 |work=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123826832/manhattan-to-coney-by-tube-next-year/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125803/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123826832/manhattan-to-coney-by-tube-next-year/ |archive-date=May 3, 2023}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1916-02-23">{{Cite news |date=1916-02-23 |title=New Subway Trains to Run Within Year; The Times Square Section Will Be Completed, It Is Believed, by July, 1917 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1916/02/23/archives/new-subway-trains-to-run-within-year-the-times-square-section-will.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125804/https://www.nytimes.com/1916/02/23/archives/new-subway-trains-to-run-within-year-the-times-square-section-will.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The same month, the Public Service Commission began accepting bids for the installation of finishes at seven stations on the Broadway Line from [[Rector Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Rector Street]] to 14th Street,<ref name="n123826832" /><ref name="nyt-1916-02-23" /> and D. C. Gerber submitted a $346,000 low bid for the finishes.<ref name="n1238272112">{{Cite news |date=1916-03-12 |title=Urge New Station for Shoppers' Use |pages=20 |work=The Standard Union |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123827211/urge-new-station-for-shoppers-use/ |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125804/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/123827211/urge-new-station-for-shoppers-use/ |archive-date=May 3, 2023}}</ref> At the time, work on the section of the line north of 14th Street had not advanced as far as the section to the south, and the BRT blamed the city government for delays in opening the line.<ref name="nyt-1916-07-27">{{Cite news |date=1916-07-27 |title=B.R.T. Blames City for Subway Delay; Annual Report Says Municipality Is Postponing Time When It Will Get Profits |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1916/07/27/archives/brt-blames-city-for-subway-delay-annual-report-says-municipality-is.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125803/https://www.nytimes.com/1916/07/27/archives/brt-blames-city-for-subway-delay-annual-report-says-municipality-is.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> By that October, stations between Morris Street (in Lower Manhattan) and 14th Street were 35 percent completed.<ref name="nyt-1916-10-29">{{Cite news |date=1916-10-29 |title=B.R.T. Subway Trains Up Broadway Soon; Finishing Contracts Let and Traffic May Reach 14th Street by Spring |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1916/10/29/archives/brt-subway-trains-up-broadway-soon-finishing-contracts-let-and.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173645/https://www.nytimes.com/1916/10/29/archives/brt-subway-trains-up-broadway-soon-finishing-contracts-let-and.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A. W. King was hired to install finishes in the 34th Street and Times Square stations in July 1917.<ref name=nyt-1917-07-20>{{Cite news|date=1917-07-20|title=Award Contract for Station Finish.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1917/07/20/archives/award-contract-for-station-finish.html|access-date=2023-05-17|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=May 17, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517231829/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/07/20/archives/award-contract-for-station-finish.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Public Service Commission indicated in February 1917 that it was prepared to force the BRT to open the section of the line between Canal Street and 14th Street, even though the BRT wished to wait until the Times Square station was completed.<ref name="nyt-1917-02-25">{{Cite news |date=1917-02-25 |title=Would Force B.R.T. To Operate Subway; Service Board Wants Broadway Line Between Canal and 14th Sts. Open June 1 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1917/02/25/archives/would-force-brt-to-operate-subway-service-board-wants-broadway-line.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173644/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/02/25/archives/would-force-brt-to-operate-subway-service-board-wants-broadway-line.html |url-status=live }}</ref> That year, the IRT and BRT reached an agreement in which the Broadway Line would receive power from the [[IRT Powerhouse]].<ref name="nyt-1917-05-20">{{Cite news |date=1917-05-20 |title=To Supply Power for New Subways; Interborough Will Furnish Current for B. R. T. Lines Operated in Manhattan. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1917/05/20/archives/to-supply-power-for-new-subways-interborough-will-furnish-current.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173645/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/05/20/archives/to-supply-power-for-new-subways-interborough-will-furnish-current.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p574445868">{{Cite magazine |date=Dec 8, 1917 |title=Important Power Contracts Made by Interborough Company: Will Furnish Power to Subsidiaries of Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company |magazine=Electrical Review |volume=71 |issue=23 |page=980 |id={{ProQuest|574445868}}}}</ref> At the end of August 1917, the BRT's parent company, the New York Consolidated Railroad Company, applied to the Public Service Commission for permission to open the line from Canal Street to 14th Street.<ref name="p129625875">{{cite news |date=30 Aug 1917 |title=B. R. T. In Broadway |page=6 |work=The Wall Street Journal |issn=0099-9660 |id={{ProQuest|129625875}}}}</ref> The opening of the line was expected to reduce congestion at [[Chambers Street (BMT Nassau Street Line station)|Chambers Street]], where many BRT passengers had previously transferred to the IRT and paid an extra fare to go uptown.<ref name="p575741058">{{cite news |date=21 Aug 1917 |title=Brooklyn Trains To Run to 14th St. On September 4: Interborough Travellers Who Change at Chambers St. Can Then Save 5c |page=12 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|575741058}}}}</ref>

=== Opening ===
[[File:A Day In New York 01.01.17 (31234431683).jpg|thumb|An R train of [[R46 (New York City Subway car)|R46]] cars at 57th Street]]
A short portion of the line, coming off the north side of the Manhattan Bridge through Canal Street to [[14th Street–Union Square (New York City Subway)|14th Street–Union Square]], opened on September 4, 1917, at 2 P.M., with an eight car train carrying members of the Public Service Commission, representatives of the city government and officials of the BRT, leaving Union Square toward Coney Island. Service opened to the general public at 8 P.M., with trains leaving Union Square and Coney Island simultaneously.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2708189/the_brooklyn_daily_eagle/|title=Broadway Subway Opened To Coney By Special Train. Brooklynites Try New Manhattan Link From Canal St. to Union Square. Go Via Fourth Ave. Tube|newspaper=The Brooklyn Daily Eagle|date=September 4, 1917|access-date=May 31, 2019}}</ref><ref name="nyt19170905">{{Cite news |date=September 5, 1917 |title=Open First Section of Broadway Line; Train Carrying 1,000 Passengers Runs from Fourteenth Street to Coney Island |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1917/09/05/archives/open-first-section-of-broadway-line-train-carrying-1000-passengers.html |url-status=live |access-date=December 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612191916/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/09/05/archives/open-first-section-of-broadway-line-train-carrying-1000-passengers.html |archive-date=June 12, 2018 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The line was served by two services. One route ran via the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line|Fourth Avenue Line]] and the [[BMT Sea Beach Line|Sea Beach Line]] to Coney Island;<ref name="The New York Times 1917" /> this service was rerouted from its previous terminus at Chambers Street.<ref name="p575755715">{{cite news |date=26 Aug 1917 |title=New Subway Open To 42d St. by Jan. 1: First Train September 4 Will Carry Committee From Brooklyn |page=9 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|575755715}}}}</ref> The other line ran to [[Ninth Avenue station|Ninth Avenue]], where passengers could transfer for [[BMT West End Line|West End]] and [[IND Culver Line|Culver Line]] service.<ref name="The New York Times 1917" /> The initial headway on the line was three minutes during rush hours, three minutes and forty-five seconds at other times, except during late nights when service ran every fifteen minutes.<ref name="The New York Times 1917">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1917/09/05/archives/open-first-section-of-broadway-line-train-carrying-1000-passengers.html|title=Open First Section Of Broadway Line; Train Carrying 1,000 Passengers Runs from Fourteenth Street to Coney Island. Regular Service Begins. New Road Is Expected to Relieve Old System of 15,000 PersonsDaily in Rush Hours. Service Commissioners Jubliant. Schedule Not Fully Arranged.|date=September 5, 1917|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=November 5, 2016|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612191916/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/09/05/archives/open-first-section-of-broadway-line-train-carrying-1000-passengers.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The opening of the Broadway Line's first segment caused real-estate prices to increase in parts of Brooklyn which had direct subway access to the new line.<ref name="nyt-1917-10-28">{{Cite news |date=1917-10-28 |title=New Subway Shifts Population Centres; Manhattan Dwellers Seeking Homes in Brooklyn Find Rents Going Up and Houses Scarce |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1917/10/28/archives/new-subway-shifts-population-centres-manhattan-dwellers-seeking.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515173644/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/10/28/archives/new-subway-shifts-population-centres-manhattan-dwellers-seeking.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

On January 5, 1918, the line was extended north to [[Times Square–42nd Street/Port Authority Bus Terminal (New York City Subway)|Times Square–42nd Street]] and south to [[Rector Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Rector Street]]. Express service via the line began, with Sea Beach and West End trains that had been running local becoming expresses. The opening of this portion of the line provided additional transit service to Times Square, with a new connection to Brooklyn. Local service henceforth ran between Times Square and Rector Street.<ref name="The New York Times 1918">{{Cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/01/06/102652686.pdf|title=Open New Subway To Times Square; Brooklyn Directly Connected with Wholesale and Shopping Districts of New York. Nickel Zone Is Extended. First Train in Broadway Tube Makes Run from Rector Street in 17 Minutes. Cost About $20,000,000 Rapid Transit from Downtown to Hotel and Theatre Sections Expected to Affect Surface Lines. Increases Five-Cent Zone. First Trip to Times Square. Benefits to Brooklyn.|date=January 6, 1918|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=November 5, 2016|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=August 31, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831204326/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1918/01/06/102652686.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=p575840136>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|575840136}} |title=New Broadway Subway Opened From 42d to Rector Street: First Train Carries B. R. T. and City Officials, With Representatives of Civic Organizations--Line Then Turned Over to Public |date=January 6, 1918 |page=17 |work=New-York Tribune}}</ref> While local trains terminated at the Times Square station, express trains from Brooklyn continued to terminate at Union Square until the northward extension to [[57th Street–Seventh Avenue station|57th Street]] was completed.<ref name="p576110371">{{cite news |date=4 July 1919 |title=Broadway Subway Line To Be Extended to 57th Street |page=14 |work=New-York Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|576110371}}}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1919-07-04 |title=Open New Subway July 9; B.R.T. Extension from Times Sq. to 57th St. to be Put Into Operation. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1919/07/04/archives/open-new-subway-july-9-brt-extension-from-times-sq-to-57th-st-to-be.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503125804/https://www.nytimes.com/1919/07/04/archives/open-new-subway-july-9-brt-extension-from-times-sq-to-57th-st-to-be.html |archive-date=May 3, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> At the beginning of September 1918, trains on the line were lengthened from four to five cars.<ref name="nyt-1918-09-02">{{Cite news |date=1918-09-02 |title=Changes in B.R.T. Service; Five-Car Trains for Broadway Subway to Manhattan. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1918/09/02/archives/changes-in-brt-service-fivecar-trains-for-broadway-subway-to.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230515145638/https://www.nytimes.com/1918/09/02/archives/changes-in-brt-service-fivecar-trains-for-broadway-subway-to.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Service was extended one station to Whitehall Street–South Ferry on September 20, 1918.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sXhCAQAAMAAJ|title=Report of the Public Service Commission for the First District of the State of New York|last=District|first=New York (State) Public Service Commission First|date=January 1, 1919|publisher=J.B. Lyon Company|language=en}}</ref><ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AINOAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA130|title=Report of the Public Service Commission For The First District Of The State of New York For The Year Ending December 31, 1919|date=January 12, 1920|publisher=New York State Public Service Commission|pages=131|language=en}}</ref>

The line was extended two stops northward to 57th Street on July 10, 1919.<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" /><ref name="The New York Times 1919" /> Express service between Times Square and Union Square was inaugurated on this date. Previously, express service terminated at Union Square, with local service terminating at Times Square. Express service then began to terminate at Times Square, with local service terminating at the new 57th Street station. Express service between Manhattan and Pacific Street began to run at all times except late nights.<ref name="The New York Times 1919">{{Cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1919/07/10/112642412.pdf|title=Broadway End of Subway Opened; First Passenger Train Sent at Midnight Over Route from Times Square to 57th St. Earlier Special Trip. Party of Officials and Citizen Delegations Taken Over New Tracks and to Coney Island.|date=July 10, 1919|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=November 5, 2016|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=May 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200530191931/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1919/07/10/112642412.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The line was extended to Lexington Avenue/59th Street on September 1, 1919.<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" /><ref name="The New York Times 1919 2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1919/08/31/archives/subway-to-open-two-new-stations-broadway-line-of-brt-will-extend-to.html|title=Subway To Open Two New Stations; Broadway Line of B.R.T. Will Extend to Lexington Av. and 60th St. Tomorrow. An Entrance at Fifth Av. Central Manhattan to Have Direct Service to All Brooklyn and Coney Island. Express to Times Square. Tunnel to Queens tow Under Way and Expected to be in Use in Six Months.|date=August 31, 1919|work=The New York Times|access-date=May 31, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=June 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614021354/https://www.nytimes.com/1919/08/31/archives/subway-to-open-two-new-stations-broadway-line-of-brt-will-extend-to.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On August 1, 1920, the Broadway Line was extended on either end, with the opening of two tunnels under the East River. On the north end the line was extended through the 60th Street Tunnel to [[Queensboro Plaza (BMT Astoria Line)|Queensboro Plaza]], and on the south end the line was extended through the Montague Street Tunnel to [[DeKalb Avenue (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|DeKalb Avenue]] with service via the BMT Brighton Line. With these extensions, the Broadway Line was completed.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/08/02/102879419.pdf|title=New B.R.T. Lines Open.; Broadway-Brighton Trains, on Holiday Schedule, Have Light Traffic.|date=August 2, 1920|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=November 5, 2016|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=May 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504023037/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/08/02/102879419.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB081EF63A5511738DDDA80894D0405B808EF1D|newspaper=The New York Times|title=Broadway-Fifty-Ninth Street Extension of B.R.T. Subway|date=August 1, 1920|access-date=May 31, 2019|page=92|archive-date=May 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220504023056/https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB081EF63A5511738DDDA80894D0405B808EF1D&legacy=true&status=nf|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Station modifications ===
Platforms at stations on the Broadway Line originally could only fit six {{convert|67|ft|m|-long|adj=mid}} cars. The State Transit Commission first directed the BMT to lengthen platforms at these stations in September 1923, but the BMT declined to do so, citing workforce shortages.<ref name="p1113704092">{{cite news |date=2 Aug 1927 |title=B. M, T. Station Lengthening Is Nearly Finished: 76 Platforms Are Extended 3,186 Feet to Make Room for 126.000 Additional Passengers in Rush Hours City Carried Out Work I.R.T. Changes Planned, but That Company Refuses to Pay Its Share of Costs |page=32 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1113704092}}}}</ref> In 1926, the [[New York City Board of Transportation]] (BOT) received bids for the lengthening of platforms at nine stations on the Broadway Line, from Whitehall Street to 23rd Street, to accommodate eight-car trains. Edwards & Flood submitted a low bid of $101,750 for the project.<ref name="nyt-1926-07-08">{{Cite news |date=1926-07-08 |title=Bids for B.M.T. Stations; Platforms South of Fourteenth Street to Be Lengthened. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/07/08/archives/bids-for-bmt-stations-platforms-south-of-fourteenth-street-to-be.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-04-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230428135805/https://www.nytimes.com/1926/07/08/archives/bids-for-bmt-stations-platforms-south-of-fourteenth-street-to-be.html |archive-date=April 28, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The platform-lengthening project was completed in 1927, bringing the length of these stations' platforms to {{Convert|535|feet|meters|abbr=}}.<ref name="nyt-1927-08-02">{{Cite news |date=1927-08-02 |title=B.M.T. to Operate Eight-car Trains; Platforms in Forty Stations Are Lengthened, Increasing Capacity 33 1-3%. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1927/08/02/archives/bmt-to-operate-eightcar-trains-platforms-in-forty-stations-are.html |access-date=2023-05-12 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=May 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230512200633/https://www.nytimes.com/1927/08/02/archives/bmt-to-operate-eightcar-trains-platforms-in-forty-stations-are.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1113704092" />

In the 1960s, the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) started a project to lengthen station platforms on the Broadway Line to {{Convert|615|feet|meters|abbr=}} to accommodate 10-car trains.<ref name="New York City Transit Authority 1959">{{Cite book |title=New York City Transit Authority Annual Report For The Year June 30, 1960 |publisher=New York City Transit Authority |year=1960 |pages=16–17}}</ref> All stations on the Broadway Line had their platforms lengthened during this time.<ref name="Rogoff 1969">{{Cite journal |last=Rogoff |first=Dave |date=February 1969 |title=BMT Broadway Subway Platform Extensions |url=https://erausa.org/pdf/bulletin/1969/1969-01-bulletin.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York Division Bulletin |publisher=Electric Railroaders' Association |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=3–4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200915034916/https://erausa.org/pdf/bulletin/1969/1969-01-bulletin.pdf |archive-date=September 15, 2020 |access-date=December 27, 2020}}</ref> The NYCTA also covered elaborate mosaic tile walls with {{convert|8|by|16|in|adj=on|cm}} white cinderblock tiles at 16 local stations on the Broadway and [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line|Fourth Avenue]] lines. The latter project was criticized for being dehumanizing.<ref name="nyt-1970-02-21">{{Cite news |last=Burks |first=Edward C. |date=1970-02-21 |title=Subways' Colored Tile Gets Cover-Up Job |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/02/21/archives/subways-colored-tile-gets-cover-up-job.html |access-date=2020-04-07 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=November 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106222122/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/02/21/archives/subways-colored-tile-gets-cover-up-job.html |url-status=live }}</ref> An NYCTA spokesman stated that the old tiles were in poor condition and that the change was made to improve the appearance of stations and provide uniformity. Furthermore, it did not consider the old mosaics to have "any great artistic merit".<ref name="nyt-1970-02-21" />

=== Chrystie Street Connection reconfiguration ===
The [[Chrystie Street Connection]] was built during the 1960s. The new connection consisted of a pair of double-track tunnels connecting the IND Sixth Avenue Line south of the [[Bleecker Street/Broadway–Lafayette Street (New York City Subway)|Broadway–Lafayette Street]] station with the [[Williamsburg Bridge]] and the Manhattan Bridge north tracks. The Broadway Line had previously been connected to the north tracks of the Manhattan Bridge. As part of the project, the Broadway Line was connected to the south tracks, which had been previously used by trains from the [[BMT Nassau Street Line]]. The connection between the south tracks and the Nassau Street Line was severed, and the connection between the Broadway Line and the north tracks was also severed. Many routes, including those on the Broadway Line, changed as a result of the opening of the connection on November 26, 1967.<ref name="NYTimes-ChrystieSt-Bewilder-1967">{{cite web |last1=Perlmutter |first1=Emanuel |date=November 27, 1967 |title=BMT-IND Changes Bewilder Many – Transit Authority Swamped With Calls From Riders as New System Starts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/11/27/archives/bmtind-changes-bewilder-many-transit-authority-swamped-with-calls.html |access-date=August 23, 2015 |work=[[The New York Times]] |page=1 |archive-date=June 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616002000/https://www.nytimes.com/1967/11/27/archives/bmtind-changes-bewilder-many-transit-authority-swamped-with-calls.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The RR local was rerouted to Astoria, running 24/7 between [[Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard (BMT Astoria Line)|Ditmars Boulevard]] and [[Bay Ridge–95th Street (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)|Bay Ridge–95th Street]]. To replace it in Queens, a new EE local was created, running between [[Forest Hills–71st Avenue (IND Queens Boulevard Line)|Forest Hills]] and Whitehall Street during weekdays. The Q, which was the only service via the Brighton Line, was converted to the rush-hour only QB, running express in Manhattan from 57th Street. Most of the trips were moved to the IND Sixth Avenue Line as a relocated [[D (New York City Subway service)|D]], but a few trips stayed as the QB. QT service was discontinued. Another rush-hours only express service, the NX, was created. It ran from 57th Street to Brighton Beach, following the N route, making express stops along the BMT Sea Beach Line, before going through Coney Island to terminate at Brighton Beach. NX service ended on April 12, 1968 due to low ridership.<ref name="Cudahy 1995">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LYSVd43vZwQC&q=the+chrystie+street+connection&pg=PA132|title=Under the Sidewalks of New York: The Story of the Greatest Subway System in the World|last=Cudahy|first=Brian J.|date=January 1, 1995|publisher=Fordham University Press|isbn=978-0-8232-1618-5|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oktGCgAAQBAJ|title=From a Nickel to a Token: The Journey from Board of Transportation to MTA|last=Sparberg|first=Andrew J.|date=October 1, 2014|publisher=Fordham University Press|isbn=978-0-8232-6190-1|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Hey, What's a "K" train? brochure 2.gif|thumb|Brochure showing the elimination of double letters]]
At most times, the Broadway Line has had four services — two local and two express — during the day, with a third express service until the 1967 opening of the Chrystie Street Connection.
* [[BMT 1|1]]/{{NYCS|QT}} ([[BMT Brighton Line]]) local trains ran until 1967, when the {{NYCS|QT}} was discontinued. At that time, the [[EE (Broadway Local)|EE]] was introduced, becoming part of the {{NYCS|N}} in 1976; the N became express and the {{NYCS|W}} became local in 2004.
* 1/{{NYCS|Q}} (BMT Brighton Line) express trains were mostly moved to the [[IND Sixth Avenue Line]] as a relocated {{NYCS|D}} in 1967, but a few trips stayed as the {{NYCS|QB}}, later the {{NYCS|Q}} again. During the [[Manhattan Bridge]] reconstruction, from the 1980s until 2001, the Q mostly used the IND Sixth Avenue Line. When restored in 2001, the {{NYCS|Q}} became full-time, replacing the {{NYCS|D}} on the Brighton Line.
* [[BMT 2|2]]/{{NYCS|RR}} ([[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]]) trains (later {{NYCS|R}}) have run local over the Broadway Line since 1920.
* [[BMT 3|3]]/{{NYCS|T}} ([[BMT West End Line]]) trains ran express on the Broadway Line until 1967, when the T became part of the realigned {{NYCS|B}} via the IND Sixth Avenue Line.
* [[BMT 4|4]]/{{NYCS|N}} ([[BMT Sea Beach Line]]) trains used the express tracks until the Manhattan Bridge reconstruction in the 1980s, when all N trips became local. (Some had run local since the [[EE (Broadway Local)|EE]] was merged into the N in 1976.) When the Manhattan Bridge south tracks reopened in 2001, the {{NYCS|W}} was introduced, at first running express; it became local in 2004, and the N moved back to the express tracks.

Several other services have used the express tracks, including the {{NYCS|NX}} (Sea Beach, 1967–1968) and the {{NYCS|B}} (West End) and {{NYCS|D}} (Brighton) during closures of the Manhattan Bridge north tracks in the 1980s and 1990s.

On May 6, 1985, double letters were eliminated, and the QB was relabeled the Q, and the RR was relabeled the R.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-whats-the-k.html|title=The JoeKorNer Brochures|work=thejoekorner.com|access-date=November 6, 2016|archive-date=March 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310090123/http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-whats-the-k.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/127872292@N06/27733842265/|title=Hey, What's a "K" train|date=1985|website=Flickr|publisher=New York City Transit Authority|access-date=June 17, 2016|archive-date=September 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915071759/https://www.flickr.com/photos/127872292%40N06/27733842265/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Manhattan Bridge reconstruction: 1986–2001 ===
On April 26, 1986, the north side tracks on the Manhattan Bridge leading to the IND Sixth Avenue Line were closed for rehabilitation, and services that had used the north side were moved to the south side, running via the BMT Broadway Line. Because of the large amount of train traffic now running on the bridge's south side tracks, rush hour and midday N service stopped using the bridge, and began running via the Montague Street Tunnel and Lower Manhattan making local stops. However, evening, night and weekend trains continued to use the bridge and express tracks, terminating at 57th Street–Seventh Avenue. B and D services were split. Their service from the Bronx and Upper Manhattan continued to run via the Sixth Avenue Line, terminating at 34th Street. Their service to Brooklyn, however, was rerouted via the Broadway Line express tracks. D service terminated at 57th Street, while B service terminated at Astoria-Ditmars Boulevard during rush hours, and at Queensboro Plaza during middays, evenings, and weekends.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-BMT-IND%20Const-changes-1986.html|title=If You Ride These Subway Lines, You Know Something Drastic Has To Be Done|date=April 1986|website=thejoekorner.com|publisher=New York City Transit Authority|access-date=November 6, 2016|archive-date=May 10, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510132607/http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-BMT-IND%20Const-changes-1986.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Between April 26, 1986 and May 24, 1987, the N ran express via the Bridge to 57th Street during evenings, nights, and weekends. Afterwards, N service began running local via the Broadway Line during evenings, nights, and weekends, but they still operated over the Manhattan Bridge. On May 24, 1987, when the N and R swapped routes in Queens, there were additional changes in Broadway service. Evening and weekend B service stopped switching to the local track north of 34th Street to serve the Astoria Line. Instead, it skipped 49th Street and terminated at 57th Street.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.subwaynut.com/brochures/nrswitch/index.html|title=Announcing Service Changes On The N and R Routes Beginning May 24, 1987 New Routes Mean Better Service|date=May 1987|work=subwaynut.com|publisher=New York City Transit Authority|access-date=August 31, 2016|archive-date=August 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819105802/http://www.subwaynut.com/brochures/nrswitch/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="1990Changes">{{cite web|url=http://www.subwaynut.com/brochures/1990servicechanges.pdf|title=Service Changes September 30, 1990|date=September 30, 1990|website=subwaynut.com|publisher=New York City Transit Authority|access-date=May 1, 2016|archive-date=October 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141026015324/http://www.subwaynut.com/brochures/1990servicechanges.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

When the north side of the Manhattan Bridge reopened on December 11, 1988, the south side of the bridge was closed. B, D, and Q trains were rerouted from the Broadway Line to the Sixth Avenue Line using the north side of the bridge. The N began running local in Manhattan and via the Montague Tunnel at all times. In order to replace B service to Ditmars Boulevard, additional N service was provided during rush hours.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/127872292@N06/27699872706/|title=System-Wide Changes In Subway Service Effective Sunday, December 11, 1988|date=1988|website=Flickr|publisher=New York City Transit Authority|access-date=October 30, 2016|archive-date=September 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915071757/https://www.flickr.com/photos/127872292@N06/27699872706/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/09/nyregion/big-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html|title=Big Changes For Subways Are to Begin|last=Johnson|first=Kirk|date=December 9, 1988|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=October 30, 2016|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308122331/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/12/09/nyregion/big-changes-for-subways-are-to-begin.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On September 30, 1990, express service on the Broadway Line was restored when repair work on the Manhattan Bridge was temporarily suspended. The N then began making express stops from 34th Street to Canal Street at all times except late nights. R service between Manhattan and Brooklyn was increased during rush hours. During late nights, R trains no longer ran via the Broadway Line; instead, they operated as a shuttle in Brooklyn, terminating at 36th Street.<ref name="1990Changes" /><ref name="History">{{Cite journal|last=Chiasson|first=George|date=October 2010|title=A History Of The R Train|url=https://issuu.com/erausa/docs/the_era_bulletin_2010-10|journal=New York Division Bulletin|publisher=New York Division, Electric Railroaders' Association|volume=53|issue=10|access-date=August 31, 2016|via=Issu|archive-date=August 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819044431/https://issuu.com/erausa/docs/the_era_bulletin_2010-10|url-status=live}}</ref> The brief Broadway service via the Manhattan Bridge was stopped on December 27 because of a cracked beam on the bridge.<ref name="NYT-Hevesi">{{cite news |first=Dennis |last=Hevesi |title=Hazards Halt Manhattan Bridge Subway Line |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/28/nyregion/hazards-halt-manhattan-bridge-subway-line.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=December 28, 1990 |access-date=March 18, 2010 |archive-date=December 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220092536/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/28/nyregion/hazards-halt-manhattan-bridge-subway-line.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYT-SimsJan8">{{cite news |first=Calvin |last=Sims |title=New York Reopened Bridge Subway Line In Spite of Warnings |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/08/nyregion/new-york-reopened-bridge-subway-line-in-spite-of-warnings.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 8, 1991 |access-date=March 18, 2010 |archive-date=December 20, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220093225/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/08/nyregion/new-york-reopened-bridge-subway-line-in-spite-of-warnings.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/24164729/daily_news/|title=Special Alert! The Transit Authority has announced the following major subway service changes for this weekend|date=December 28, 1990|work=New York Daily News|access-date=December 29, 2018|archive-date=June 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607003617/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/24164729/daily_news/|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:NYCS ManhattanBridge NorthSideTracks.jpg|thumb|A D train  on the north side of the Manhattan Bridge, looking toward Brooklyn]]
From April 30, 1995 to November 12, 1995, the Manhattan Bridge services were supposed to go back to the 1986–1988 service pattern with only the south side Broadway Line tracks in service. However, the Broadway side was not yet ready. As a result, during middays and weekends, the north side of the bridge was also closed. As a result, Q trains began serving the Broadway Line again. They ran via the Montague Street Tunnel, before switching to the express tracks after Canal Street. This service continued past 57th Street via the BMT 63rd Street Line to 21st Street–Queensbridge, being the first scheduled service to use this connection.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/26/nyregion/bridge-repairs-to-disrupt-off-peak-subway-service.html|title=Bridge Repairs to Disrupt Off-Peak Subway Service|last=Sullivan|first=Ronald|date=March 26, 1995|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=November 6, 2016|archive-date=August 19, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819212037/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/26/nyregion/bridge-repairs-to-disrupt-off-peak-subway-service.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On February 22, 1998, construction on the IND 63rd Street Line cut B and Q service to 57th Street–Sixth Avenue. Service on the 63rd Street Line was replaced by a [[63rd Street Shuttle|shuttle]] running from the BMT Broadway Line. Trains originally operated from 57th Street–Seventh Avenue to 21st Street–Queensbridge, with 20-minute headways. On April 6, 1998, because the service did not terminate at an [[Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990|ADA-accessible]] station, the shuttle was extended to [[34th Street–Herald Square (New York City Subway)|34th Street–Herald Square]] on weekdays, skipping 49th Street via the express tracks. Normal service resumed on May 22, 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-63shutt.html|title=The JoeKorNer Brochures|access-date=October 23, 2016|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031150/http://thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-63shutt.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-63shutt.html|title=S Train Special Shuttle to 21 St/Queensbridge|date=February 1998|website=thejoekorner.com|publisher=New York City Transit|access-date=November 6, 2016|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031150/http://thejoekorner.com/brochures/index-63shutt.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== 2001–present ===
The current set of four services — N, Q, R, and W — started using the line on July 22, 2001, when the south tracks on the Manhattan Bridge reopened and the Broadway B and D services were discontinued. At this time, the north-side tracks were closed.<ref name=p305613525->{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|305613525}} |title=Big Crush at Subway Station With Reroutings |first1=Jonathan|last1=Lemire|first2=Pete |last2=Donohue |page=3 |work=New York Daily News|issn=2692-1251|date=25 July 2001}}</ref><ref name=nyt-2001-07-23>{{Cite news|last=Dewan|first=Shaila K.|date=2001-07-23|title=For Riders, Many Riddles, Written in Q's, D's and W's|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/23/nyregion/for-riders-many-riddles-written-in-q-s-d-s-and-w-s.html|access-date=2023-05-16|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=September 29, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929223713/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/23/nyregion/for-riders-many-riddles-written-in-q-s-d-s-and-w-s.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Originally, the N ran local via the Montague Street Tunnel and the [[BMT Sea Beach Line]], and the W ran express via the Manhattan Bridge and the BMT West End Line. On February 22, 2004, when the north tracks reopened, the N became express via the Manhattan Bridge and the W was [[Short turn|short-turned]] at [[Whitehall Street–South Ferry (BMT Broadway Line)|Whitehall Street]], its Brooklyn section being replaced by the D.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/20/nyregion/a-subway-map-remade-in-hopes-of-matching-routes-and-riders.html|title=A Subway Map Remade, in Hopes of Matching Routes and Riders|last=Luo|first=Michael|date=February 20, 2004|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=November 5, 2016|archive-date=October 18, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018171028/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/20/nyregion/a-subway-map-remade-in-hopes-of-matching-routes-and-riders.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On June 25, 2010, because of a budget shortfall, service on the Broadway Line was reduced. The W train was discontinued and was replaced by N and Q service in Manhattan and Queens, respectively. The N train, which replaced the W, began running local north of Canal Street at all times, and the Q train was extended to/from [[Astoria, Queens]] via the 60th Street Tunnel in place of the W on weekdays, stopping on the local tracks starting at Times Square–42nd Street.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html|title=CITY ROOM; On W Train, a Party Before a Final Stop: History|last=Grynbaum|first=Michael|date=June 28, 2010|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=November 5, 2016|archive-date=February 9, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209030954/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In December 2014, the Q began running local on the line between Canal Street and 57th Street–Seventh Avenue during late nights, to supplement late-night N service.<ref>{{cite web|date=April 23, 2014|url=http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/overnight-q-trains-serve-all-stops-manhattan-effective-december-2014|title=MTA {{!}} Press Release {{!}} NYC Transit {{!}} Overnight Q Trains to Serve All Stops in Manhattan Effective December 2014|website=www.mta.info|access-date=November 5, 2016|archive-date=August 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821235648/http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/overnight-q-trains-serve-all-stops-manhattan-effective-december-2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:W train Union Square (1).jpg|thumb|A W train of [[R160 (New York City Subway car)|R160]] cars at Union Square]]
In early 2016, as part of the upcoming opening of the [[Second Avenue Subway]]'s first phase, the MTA announced that the W service would resume operations.<ref name="TWC News">{{cite web|last=Martinez|first=Jose|date=February 19, 2016|url=http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2016/02/19/w-train-is-coming-back-.html|title=MTA Confirms W Train is Coming Back|website=TWC News|access-date=February 19, 2016|archive-date=July 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180703190914/http://www.ny1.com/nyc/all-boroughs/news/2016/02/19/w-train-is-coming-back-.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="mta.info">{{cite web|date=February 19, 2016|url=http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/mta-advances-work-second-avenue-subway-service|title=MTA Advances Work On Second Avenue Subway Service|website=mta.info|access-date=February 19, 2016|archive-date=February 22, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160222005540/http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/mta-advances-work-second-avenue-subway-service|url-status=dead}}</ref> On November 5, 2016, late-night R service was extended to Whitehall Street in order to reduce the need to transfer and provide a direct link to Manhattan. Two days later, W trains were reintroduced, running local on weekdays between Ditmars Boulevard and Whitehall Street. The N train once again became a weekday express in Manhattan between [[34th Street–Herald Square (New York City Subway)|34th Street–Herald Square]] and [[Canal Street (New York City Subway)|Canal Street]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/nqrw/|title=NQRW Guide|website=mta.info|access-date=November 5, 2016|archive-date=November 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103223259/http://web.mta.info/nyct/service/nqrw/|url-status=live}}</ref>  Q trains terminated at 57th Street–Seventh Avenue at all times<ref name="TWC News" /><ref name="mta.info" /> until the first phase of the Second Avenue Subway opened on January 1, 2017, at which point the Q was extended along the Second Avenue Subway north of 57th Street.<ref>* {{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/01/nyregion/second-avenue-subway-opening-upper-east-side-manhattan.html|title=Opening of Second Avenue Subway: Updates|last1=Slotnik|first1=Daniel E.|date=January 1, 2017|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=January 1, 2017|last2=Wolfe|first2=Jonathan|issn=0362-4331|last3=Fitzsimmons|first3=Emma G.|last4=Palmer|first4=Emily|last5=Remnick|first5=Noah|archive-date=January 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101195614/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/01/nyregion/second-avenue-subway-opening-upper-east-side-manhattan.html|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/new-yorkers-ride-ave-subway-making-history-article-1.2930822|title=New Yorkers take historic first ride on Second Ave. subway|last1=Rivoli|first1=Dan|date=January 1, 2017|newspaper=New York Daily News|access-date=January 1, 2017|last2=Sandoval|first2=Edgar|last3=Brown|first3=Stephen Rex|archive-date=April 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415194911/https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/new-yorkers-ride-ave-subway-making-history-article-1.2930822|url-status=live}}
* {{Cite news|url=http://www.wnyc.org/story/see-new-years-eve-party-and-2nd-ave-subway|title=See Inside: The 2nd Avenue Subway Opens to All|last=Nessen|first=Stephen|date=January 1, 2017|newspaper=WNYC|access-date=January 1, 2017|archive-date=August 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831013618/https://www.wnyc.org/story/see-new-years-eve-party-and-2nd-ave-subway/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2024, as part of a program to upgrade the [[signaling of the New York City Subway]], the MTA proposed installing [[communications-based train control]] (CBTC) on the Broadway Line and Manhattan Bridge spur as part of its 2025–2029 Capital Program.<ref name="Andres2024">{{cite web |last=Andres |first=Czarinna |date=September 18, 2024 |title=MTA Unveils $68.4 Billion Capital Plan to Modernize NYC Transit – but Funding Questions Amid Congestion Pricing Pause Remain |url=https://www.amny.com/news/mta-revised-capital-plan-2024-congestion-pricing/ |access-date=September 19, 2024 |website=amNewYork}}</ref><ref name="Burkett2024">{{cite web |last=Burkett |first=N.J. |date=September 18, 2024 |title=MTA Proposes Five-Year Capital Plan Wish List Including Replacing All Subway Cars |url=https://abc7ny.com/post/mta-proposes-year-capital-plan-wish-list-including-replacing-subway-cars/15321669/ |access-date=September 19, 2024 |website=ABC7 New York}}</ref>

== Station listing ==
{{NYCS service legend
| alltimes        = show
| allexceptnights = show
| nightsonly      = show
| nightsweekends  = show
| weekdaysonly    = show
| rushonly        = show
| rushpeak        = show
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Neighborhood<br />(approximate)
!{{Access icon}}
!Station
!Tracks
!Services
!Opened
!Transfers and notes
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:silver;"|begins as a merge of the [[BMT Astoria Line]] ({{NYCS Astoria|time=show}}) and the [[60th Street Tunnel Connection]] ({{NYCS 60th Connection|time=show}}) and<br />passes through the [[60th Street Tunnel]]
|-
|rowspan=7|[[Midtown Manhattan]]
|
|{{stl|NYCS|Lexington Avenue–59th Street}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway 60th|time=show}}
|September 1, 1919<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" /><ref name="The New York Times 1919 2" />
|[[IRT Lexington Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Lexington|time=show}})<br />Out-of-system transfer with [[MetroCard]]/[[OMNY]]: [[63rd Street Lines]] ({{NYCS 63rd Lexington|time=show}}) at {{stl|NYCS|Lexington Avenue–63rd Street}}<br />[[Roosevelt Island Tramway]]
|-
|
|{{stl|NYCS|Fifth Avenue/59th Street}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway 60th|time=show}}
|September 1, 1919<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" /><ref name="The New York Times 1919 2" />
|
|-
! colspan="6" style="background:silver;"|express tracks begin from the [[BMT 63rd Street Line]] ({{NYCS 63rd BMT|time=show}})
|-
| align=center | {{Access icon}}
|{{stl|NYCS|57th Street–Seventh Avenue}}
|all
|{{NYCS Broadway|time=show}}
|July 10, 
1919<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" /><ref name="The New York Times 1919" />
|
|-
| align=center | {{Access icon}}&nbsp;↑
|{{stl|NYCS|49th Street}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway north local|time=show}}
|July 10, 
1919<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" /><ref name="The New York Times 1919" />
|Accessible northbound only
|-
| align=center | {{Access icon}}
|nowrap|{{stl|NYCS|Times Square–42nd Street|Broadway}}
|all
|{{NYCS Broadway|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|[[IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Broadway-Seventh|time=show}})<br />[[IRT Flushing Line]] ({{NYCS Flushing south|time=show}})<br />[[42nd Street Shuttle]] ({{NYCS 42nd|time=show}})<br />[[IND Eighth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Eighth south|time=show}}) at {{stl|NYCS|42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal}}<br />[[IND Sixth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Sixth|time=show}}) at {{stl|NYCS|42nd Street–Bryant Park}}, daytime only<br />[[Port Authority Bus Terminal]]
|-
| align=center | {{Access icon}}
|{{stl|NYCS|34th Street–Herald Square|Broadway}}
|all
|{{NYCS Broadway|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|[[IND Sixth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Sixth|time=show}})<br />[[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|Penn Station]]: [[Amtrak]], [[Long Island Rail Road]], and [[New Jersey Transit Rail Operations|New Jersey Transit]]<br />[[M34 (New York City bus)|M34/M34A Select Bus Service]]<br />Connection to [[Port Authority Trans-Hudson|PATH]] at {{stl|PATH|33rd Street}}
|-
|[[NoMad, Manhattan|NoMad]]
|
|{{stl|NYCS|28th Street|Broadway}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway local|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|
|-
|[[Flatiron District]]
|
|{{stl|NYCS|23rd Street|Broadway}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway local|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
| [[M23 SBS (New York City bus)|M23 Select Bus Service]]
|-
||[[Union Square, Manhattan|Union Square]]
| align=center | {{Access icon}}
|{{stl|NYCS|14th Street–Union Square|Broadway}}
|all
|{{NYCS Broadway|time=show}}
|September 4, 1917<ref name="The New York Times 1917" />
|[[IRT Lexington Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Lexington|time=show}})<br />[[BMT Canarsie Line]] ({{NYCS Canarsie|time=show}})<br>[[M14 (New York City bus)|M14A / M14D Select Bus Service]]
|-
||[[Greenwich Village, Manhattan|Greenwich Village]]
|
|{{stl|NYCS|Eighth Street–New York University}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway local|time=show}}
|September 4, 1917<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|
|-
||[[SoHo]]
|
|{{stl|NYCS|Prince Street}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway local|time=show}}
|September 4, 1917<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Chinatown, Manhattan|Chinatown]]
|rowspan=2|{{nowrap|align=center | [[File:Aiga elevator.svg|20px|alt=Elevator access to mezzanine only]]}}
|rowspan=2|[[Canal Street (BMT Broadway Line)|Canal Street]]
|express<br />(lower&nbsp;level)
|{{NYCS Manhattan Bridge south|time=show}}
|September 4, 1917<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|rowspan=2|[[IRT Lexington Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Lexington local|time=show}})<br />[[BMT Nassau Street Line]] ({{NYCS Nassau|time=show}})<br />Express station originally known as Broadway
|-
|local<br />(upper&nbsp;level)
|{{NYCS Broadway south|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:silver;"|express tracks continue into Brooklyn via [[Manhattan Bridge subway tracks|Manhattan Bridge]] south tracks ({{NYCS Manhattan Bridge south|time=show}})
|-
||[[Civic Center, Manhattan|Civic Center]]
|
|{{stl|NYCS|City Hall|Broadway}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway south|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]]
| align=center | {{Access icon}}
|{{stl|NYCS|Cortlandt Street}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway south|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|[[IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Broadway-Seventh Brooklyn|time=show}}) at {{stl|NYCS|Park Place|Broadway-Seventh}}<br />[[IND Eighth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Eighth far south express|time=show}}) at {{stl|NYCS|Chambers Street|Eighth}}<br />IND Eighth Avenue Line ({{NYCS Eighth far south local|time=show}}) at {{stl|NYCS|World Trade Center}}<br />Connection to [[Port Authority Trans-Hudson|PATH]] at {{stl|PATH|World Trade Center}}
|-
|
|{{stl|NYCS|Rector Street|Broadway}}
|local
|{{NYCS Broadway south|time=show}}
|January 5, 1918<ref name="The New York Times 1918" />
|
|-
| align=center | [[File:Aiga elevator.svg|20px|alt=Elevator access to mezzanine only]]
|nowrap|{{stl|NYCS|Whitehall Street–South Ferry}}
|all
|{{NYCS Broadway Whitehall|time=show}}
|September 20, 1918<ref name="New York State Public Service Commission 1920" />
|[[IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Broadway-Seventh South Ferry|time=show}})<br />[[M15 SBS (New York City bus)|M15 Select Bus Service]]<br />[[Staten Island Ferry]] at [[South Ferry (Manhattan)|South Ferry]]<br />Southern terminal for {{NYCS Whitehall W|time=show}} service
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:silver;"|merges with [[BMT Nassau Street Line]] ({{NYCS Fourth Nassau|time=show}})
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:silver;"|continues into Brooklyn via the [[Montague Street Tunnel]] and becomes the [[BMT Fourth Avenue Line]] ({{NYCS Montague|time=show}})
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{attached KML|display=inline,title}}
* {{commons category-inline}}

{{NYCS lines navbox}}
{{NYCS navbox}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Broadway}}
[[Category:Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation]]
[[Category:New York City Subway lines]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1917]]
[[Category:Broadway (Manhattan)]]