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{{More citations needed|date=May 2025}}{{Infobox automobile engine
| name = BMW M47 engine
| manufacturer = [[BMW]]
| image = BMW-M47-E87.jpg
| caption = BMW M47 in a [[BMW 1 Series E87|E87 1 Series]]
| production = 1999&ndash;2007
| predecessor = [[BMW M41]]
| successor = [[BMW N47]]<br/>[[Rover G-Series]] (Rover)
| configuration = [[Straight-4]]
| displacement = {{unbulleted list | {{cvt|1951|cc|L cid|1|disp=flip}} | {{cvt|1994|cc|L cid|1|disp=flip}} }}
| bore = {{Convert|84|mm|in|2|abbr=on}}
| stroke = {{unbulleted list | {{cvt|88|mm|in|2}} | {{cvt|90|mm|in|2}} }}
| fueltype = [[Diesel fuel]] ([[EN 590|DIN EN 590]])
| fuelsystem = [[Direct fuel injection|direct injection]]
[[Common rail]] [[Direct fuel injection|direct injection]] (M47R, M47TÜ & M47TÜ2)
| coolingsystem = [[Radiator (engine cooling)|Water-cooled]]
| turbocharger = Yes
| power = {{cvt|85–120|kW|PS hp|0}}
| torque = {{cvt|265–340|Nm|lbft|0}}
| redline = 4750
}}
The '''[[BMW]] M47''' and '''[[Rover Group]] M47R''' are [[straight-4]] [[Diesel engine]]s. Variants were manufactured by BMW from 1998 to 2007. BMW gradually adopted high-pressure [[common rail]] [[fuel injection]] systems over the lifetime of the M47.

==Models==
{| class=wikitable
!Engine!!Displacement!!Power at rpm!!Torque at rpm!!Redline!!Year
|-
| rowspan="2" |M47D20
| rowspan="4" |{{cvt|1.951|L|cc cuin|adj=ri1|sigfig=4}}
|{{cvt|85|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000||{{cvt|265|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,750|| rowspan="8" | 4750||2001
|-
|{{cvt|100|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000||{{cvt|280|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,750||1998
|-
| rowspan="2" |M47R
|{{cvt|85|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000||{{cvt|265|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,750
|1998
|-
|{{cvt|100|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000||{{cvt|280|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,750||1999
|-
|rowspan=2|M47D20TÜ||rowspan=4|{{cvt|1.995|L|cc cuin|adj=ri1|sigfig=4}}||{{cvt|85|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000||{{cvt|280|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,750||2001
|-
|{{cvt|110|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000||{{cvt|330|Nm|lbft|0}} at 2,000–2,500||2002
|-
| rowspan="2" |M47D20TÜ2||{{cvt|90|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000|| {{cvt|280|Nm|lbft|0}} at 2,000
|2004
|-
|{{cvt|120|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4,000
|{{convert|340|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 2,000–2,750
|2004
|}

==M47D20==

The original M47 diesel engine featured non-common-rail [[direct fuel injection]] and a {{convert|1951|cc|L cuin|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} block. First seen in 1998, the '''M47D20''' produced {{cvt|100|kW|PS hp|0}} and {{convert|280|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} in its original 320d/520d guise, and {{cvt|85|kW|PS hp|0}} with {{convert|265|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} in the 318d variant. All M47 engines have one Swirl and one Tangential intake port per cylinder, which can each improve performance under different conditions. These features are not to be confused with [[swirl flap]]s,<ref name="swirl flap howto">{{cite web | url=http://www.bmwforums.info/general-guides-how-tos/993-bmw-diesel-engine-swirl-flaps-all-you-ever-ever-need-know-about-swirl-flaps.html | title=BMW diesel engine swirl flaps | publisher=BMWForums.info | accessdate=2013-02-02 | year=2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130124191331/http://www.bmwforums.info/general-guides-how-tos/993-bmw-diesel-engine-swirl-flaps-all-you-ever-ever-need-know-about-swirl-flaps.html | archive-date=2013-01-24 | url-status=dead }}</ref> which were introduced in the M47D20TÜ.

Applications:
* {{convert|85|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|265|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}}
** 2001–2003 [[BMW E46|E46]] [[BMW 3-Series|318d]]
* {{convert|100|kW|hp|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|280|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}}
** 1999–2001 [[BMW E46|E46]] [[BMW 3-Series|320d]]
** 2000–2003 [[BMW E39|E39]] [[BMW 5-Series|520d]]

==M47R==

[[Rover Group]] (UK) and [[Steyr Automobile|Steyr]] (Austria), worked together to modify the M47D20 to create a [[Transverse engine|transverse configuration]] for use in the [[Rover 75]] front wheel drive saloon, as well as their all-wheel-drive [[Land Rover Freelander]]. The same engine was later deployed by [[MG Rover]] in the [[Rover 75|Rover 75 Tourer]] and [[MG ZT]]. The '''M47R''' ("M47 Rail") differs from the original design by the introduction of [[Common rail|common-rail technology]], a transverse orientation, different [[turbocharger]]s and more sophisticated systems for temperature management. However, the core {{convert|1951|cc|L cuin|1|order=flip|abbr=on}} heads of the M47R and M47D20 are the same. Combining a common-rail system with a relatively small engine capacity created engine temperature problems. More hardware was added to help control temperatures which also helped to escalate weight, fuel consumption, and manufacturing costs. The [http://www.bmw-steyr.com/redirect.html BMW Steyr plant] manufactured and supplied M47R engines. The original version used in the Rover 75 developed {{cvt|85|kW|PS hp|0}} at 4000rpm and {{convert|260|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 2000rpm. A software update developed in conjunction with [[MG XPower|X Power]], and released in 2002 after Rover's separation from BMW, increased this to {{cvt|96|kW|PS hp|0}} at 3500&nbsp;rpm and {{convert|300|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} at 1900rpm, and was badged CDTi rather than CDT.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.fleetnews.co.uk/cars/reviews/rover/75/saloon-2003/cdti-club-se/33666/ | title=Rover 75 2.0 CDTi Club SE - 5,190 miles | access-date=2023-12-31 | date=2003-02-13 | publisher=Fleet News}}</ref>

The M47R in the Rover 75 and MG ZT used a [[Mitsubishi]] turbocharger with wastegate,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.landyzone.co.uk/attachments/td4-engine-manual-m47r_diesel-manual-pdf.96120/|title=M47R Diesel Engine Workbook|access-date=2023-12-31|date=1999|publisher=Rover Group}}</ref> whereas that fitted to the Freelander used a Garrett [[Variable-geometry turbocharger|VNT]].

Applications:
* 1999–2004 [[Rover 75|Rover 75 CDT]]
* 2002–2005 [[Rover 75|Rover 75 CDTi]]
* 2001–2006 [[Land Rover Freelander]]
* 2001–2004 [[MG ZT|MG ZT CDT]]
* 2002–2005 [[MG ZT|MG ZT CDTi]]

=={{anchor|M47TUD20|TÜ|M47D20TÜ}} M47D20TÜ==

The all-wheel drive BMW X3 and rear-wheel drive BMW 320d models, built approximately between September 2001 and December 2004, were fitted with the M47TÜ ("M47 Technical Update"). The exact production week is not known and was probably later than Production Week 33 in 2001 (e.g. one cannot rely on a UK 51 plate registered BMW 320d to have the M47TÜ).

The engine capacity was expanded to {{convert|1995|cc|L cuin|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}, and it retained the [[Common rail|common-rail injector system]] that had proven popular in the smaller M47R and larger [[BMW M57|M57]] engines. These changes empowered BMW to increase torque and improve fuel consumption, especially at lower revs. However, these modifications added {{convert|50|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}} to overall weight and emissions raised accordingly. In the UK, the new characteristics of the M47TÜ were sufficient to lift the BMW 320d into the next highest insurance bracket, and the next highest band for [[Vehicle Excise Duty]] (Road Tax)[http://bimmerspace.com].

The M47TÜ was refined enough that BMW made it available in the 320Cd Coupé.

The M47D20TÜ introduced new common failure points. Chief among these was a new '[[swirl flap]]' mechanism embedded in the [[inlet manifold]]. This consisted of a number of butterfly valves within each individual inlet tract, which are secured to an actuating rod via two small screws. It has become clear that over time these screws can come loose via vibration etc. When this happens they can end up being drawn into the respective cylinder, causing significant damage to the piston, cylinder head, and valves. If unlucky further damage can be caused to the turbo if the screw then makes its way through the exhaust valve into the manifold and subsequently into the turbo. These failures have occurred in such quantity that a number of specialist BMW magazines have featured articles on the problem including information on how to remove the swirl flaps.<ref name="swirl flap howto"/><ref name="total bmw mag">{{cite web | url=http://www.pmwltd.co.uk/swirl_flaps.pdf | title=Diesel Manifold Flaps | publisher=www.total-bmw-mag.co.uk | accessdate=2013-02-02 | year=2009 | page=81}}</ref>  For those who wish to perform some preventive maintenance on the M47TUD20 engine, there are companies who supply and/or fit blanking plugs to allow the removal of these swirl flaps altogether. BMW addressed the problem by introducing stronger swirl flaps and larger diameter spindles – made from plastic – in 2006.

Applications:
* {{cvt|85|kW|PS hp|0}} and {{convert|280|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}}
** 2003–2005 [[BMW E46|E46]] [[BMW 3-Series|318d]]
* {{cvt|110|kW|PS hp|0}} and {{convert|330|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}}
** 2001–2005 [[BMW E46|E46]] [[BMW 3-Series|320d]]
** [[BMW E83|E83]] [[BMW X3|X3 2.0d]] (up to end of 2006)

=={{anchor|M47TU2D20|TÜ2|M47D20TÜ2}} M47D20TÜ2==

The engine was updated again in 2004 as the '''M47D20TÜ2''' (for ''Technische Überarbeitung 2'' = second revision). Still at {{convert|1995|cc|L cuin|1|order=flip|abbr=on}}, it produced more power across the range.

Applications:
* {{cvt|90|kW|PS hp|0}} and {{convert|280|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}}
** [[BMW E87|E87]] [[BMW 1-Series|118d]]
** [[BMW E90|E90/E91]] [[BMW 3-Series|318d]]
* {{cvt|120|kW|PS hp|0}} and {{convert|340|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}}
** [[BMW E60|E60/E61]] [[BMW 5-Series|520d]]
** [[BMW E87|E87]] [[BMW 1-Series|120d]]
** [[BMW E90|E90/E91]] [[BMW 3-Series|320d]]
** [[BMW E83|E83]] [[BMW X3|X3 2.0d]] (end of 2006 onwards)

==See also==
* [[List of BMW engines]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* The UnixNerd's [http://www.unixnerd.demon.co.uk/m57.html BMW M47 engine page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107201612/http://www.unixnerd.demon.co.uk/m57.html |date=2015-11-07 }} with photos, history and common problems.

<!--This list needs to be ordered alphabetically.-->

{{BMW automotive diesel engines: 1980s to 2000s}}

[[Category:BMW engines|M47]]
[[Category:Rover engines]]
[[Category:Land Rover engines]]
[[Category:Diesel engines by model]]
[[Category:Straight-four engines]]