View source for Baked potato

{{Short description|Potato dish}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{Infobox food
| name               = Baked potato
| image              = BakedPotatoWithButter.jpg
| image_size         = 250px
| caption            = Baked potato with [[butter]]
| alternate_name     = Jacket potato
| country            = 
| region             = 
| creator            = 
| course             = Side dish or main
| type               = 
| served             = 
| main_ingredient    = [[Potato]]
| variations         = 
| calories           = 
| other              = 
| minor_ingredient   = Butter, cheese, sour cream, chives, dill, bacon bits, gravy, baked beans, tuna, and/or meat
}}
{{for|the jazz club|The Baked Potato}}
A '''baked potato''', known in some parts of the United Kingdom as a '''jacket potato''',<ref>{{Cite web|title=jacket(5)|url=http://www.chambersharrap.co.uk/chambers/features/chref/chref.py/main?query=jacket&title=21st|work=Chambers 21st Century Dictionary}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jacket potato |url=https://www.oed.com/dictionary/jacket-potato_n |website=oed.com}}</ref> is a preparation of [[potato]]. After [[baking]], it may be served with fillings, toppings or [[condiment]]s, such as [[butter]], [[cheese]], [[sour cream]], [[gravy]], [[baked beans]] and [[tuna]].

Some varieties of potato, such as [[Russet Burbank potato|Russet]] and [[King Edward potato|King Edward]], are more suitable for baking, owing to their size and consistency. Despite the popular misconception that potatoes are fattening, baked potatoes can be part of a healthy diet.<ref>{{cite book|last=Thomas|first=Briony|title=Manual of Dietetic Practice|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|year=2007|edition=4th|pages =183|isbn =  978-1-4051-3525-2}}</ref>

==Origin==

The baked potato, also known as jacket potato, is a preparation of [[potato]] originating from [[South America]], specifically [[Peru]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-10-29 |title=How did we get the jacket potato? - communibakes |url=https://communibakes.co.uk/2022/10/29/how-did-we-get-the-jacket-potato/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=communibakes.co.uk |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Carly |date=2024-10-08 |title=The Unexpected Origins Of The Baked Potato |url=https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/unexpected-origins-baked-potato-144009831.html |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=Yahoo Life |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Preparation==
Potatoes can be baked in a conventional gas or electric oven, a [[convection oven]], a [[microwave oven]], on a barbecue [[Grill (cooking)|grill]], or on (or in) an open fire. Some restaurants use special ovens designed specifically to cook large numbers of potatoes, then keep them warm and ready for service.

Prior to cooking, the potato is ideally scrubbed clean, washed and dried, with eyes and surface blemishes removed, and rubbed with oil, butter, salt, or a combination of these. Pricking the potato with a fork or knife allows steam to escape during the cooking process and prevent accidental explosions/rupturing of the potato skin and flesh due to accumulated steam pressure inside. Potatoes cooked in a microwave oven without pricking the skin are especially susceptible due to rapid fluctuations in heat. 

It takes between one and two hours to bake a large potato in a conventional oven at {{cvt|200|C}}. Microwaving takes from six to twelve minutes depending on oven power and potato size, but does not generally produce a crisp skin. Some recipes call for use of both a microwave and a conventional oven, with the microwave being used to vent most of the steam prior to the cooking process.

Wrapping the potato in [[aluminium foil]] before cooking in a standard oven will retain moisture, while leaving it unwrapped will result in a crisp skin. Cooking over an open fire or in the coals of a barbecue may require wrapping in foil to prevent burning of the skin. A potato buried directly in coals of a fire cooks well, albeit with a mostly burned and inedible skin. A baked potato is fully cooked when its internal temperature reaches {{cvt|99|C}}.

Once a potato has been baked, some people discard the skin and eat only the interior, while others enjoy the taste and texture of the skin, which is rich in [[dietary fiber]]. Potatoes baked in their skins may lose between 20 and 40% of their [[vitamin C]] content, because heating in air is slow and vitamin inactivation can continue for a long time. Small potatoes bake more quickly than large ones and therefore retain more of their vitamin C.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.potatoesforschools.org.uk/FFT/Explore/preparation.html|title=Potatoes for schools|access-date=2007-12-19|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051027205258/http://www.potatoesforschools.org.uk/FFT/Explore/preparation.html|archive-date=2005-10-27}}</ref>

==Variations==
Some people bake their potatoes and then scoop out the interior, leaving the skin as a shell. The white interior flesh can then be mixed with various other food items such as [[cheese]], [[butter]], or [[bacon]] bits. This mixture is then spooned back into the skin shells and they are replaced in the oven to warm. These are known variously as loaded potato skins, filled potatoes and twice-baked potatoes. 

In Great Britain, toppings or fillings include [[baked beans]], curried chicken, [[coronation chicken]], [[chili con carne]], [[shredded cheese]], tuna mayonnaise, and coleslaw. In Scotland, [[haggis]] is sometimes used as a filling for jacket potatoes.

A variation is [[Hasselback potatoes]], in which the potato is cut into thin slices almost down to the bottom, so that the potato still holds its shape, and is then baked in the oven, occasionally scalloped with cheese.<ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/11/hasselback-potatoes-recipe_n_3054521.html Hasselback Potatoes: We Love These Accordion-Sliced Spuds ] Huffington Post.</ref> The name "Hasselback" refers to the luxurious [[Hasselbacken]] hotel and restaurant in [[Stockholm]], which originated this dish.

==Regional variations==
[[File:Baked potato, baked sweet potato, and steamed kale.jpg|thumb|Baked [[potato]] and [[sweet potato]] with [[kale]]]][[File:Baked potatoes cooked in an air fryer.jpg|alt=Baked potatoes cooked in an air fryer|thumb|Baked [[Potato|potatoes]] cooked in an [[air fryer]]]]

[[File:Rakor keso.jpg|thumb|A baked potato with shrimp, cottage cheese, dill, tomato and lettuce from a Swedish café]]

===North America===
Many restaurants serve baked potatoes with sides such as [[butter]], [[sour cream]], [[chives]], [[shredded cheese]], and bacon bits. Sides are usually optional and customers can order as many or as few as they wish. Baked potatoes that are served with a number of these sides are commonly referred to as ''loaded potatoes'' or ''loaded baked potatoes''. These potatoes can themselves be a side item to a steak dinner, or a similar [[entrée]]. 

Large and stuffed baked potatoes may be served as an entrée, usually filled with meat in addition to any of the ingredients mentioned above. Barbecued or smoked meat or chili is substituted.<ref>{{cite web|last=Thompson|first=Michael|title=Baked Potato Bar|date=4 February 2012 |url=http://www.kltv.com/story/16671751/baked-potato-bar|publisher=KLTV.com|access-date=25 July 2012}}</ref> Vegetables such as [[broccoli]] may also be added.

====Idaho====
Of US states, [[Idaho]] is the major producer of potatoes.<ref>{{cite book|author=James Lang|title=Notes of a Potato Watcher|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lg9x_p2grM4C&pg=PA44|year=2001|publisher=[[International Potato Center]]|pages=44–46|isbn=9781585441389}}</ref> The Idaho baked potato was heavily promoted by the [[Northern Pacific Railroad]] in the early 20th century, often using Hollywood movie stars.<ref>{{cite book|author=William Hathaway|title=Idaho Falls Post Register|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AqG5SU2Ja0kC&pg=PA53|year=2009|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|page=53|isbn=9780738559681}}</ref>

Hazen Titus was appointed as the Northern Pacific Railway's dining car superintendent in 1908. He talked to Yakima Valley farmers who complained that they were unable to sell their potato crops because their potatoes were simply too large, so they fed them to hogs instead. Titus learned that a single potato could weigh from two to five pounds, with smaller potatoes preferred by the end buyers of the vegetable and that many considered them not to be edible because their thick, rough skin made them difficult to cook.<ref name=potato>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7INcKYtplxsC&q=great+big+baked+potato+northern+pacific&pg=PA74|title=Dining Car To The Pacific: The "Famously Good" Food of the Northern Pacific Railway|editor-last=Mckenzie|editor-first=William A.|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|year=2004|pages=176|isbn=0816645620}}</ref>

Titus and his staff discovered the "inedible" potatoes were delicious after baking in a slow oven. He contracted to purchase as many potatoes as the farmers could produce that were more than two pounds in weight. Soon after the first delivery of "[[Russet Burbank potato|Netted Gem Bakers]]", they were offered to diners on the North Coast Limited beginning in 1909. Word of the line's specialty offering traveled quickly, and before long it was using "the Great Big Baked Potato" as a slogan to promote the railroad's passenger service.<ref name=potato/><ref>{{cite book|last=Porterfield|first=James D.|title=Dining By Rail: The History and Recipes of America's Golden Age of Railroad Cuisine|publisher=Publisher: St. Martin's Griffin|year=1998|pages=257|isbn=0-312-18711-4}}</ref>

When an addition was built for the Northern Pacific's Seattle commissary in 1914, a reporter wrote, "A large trade mark, in the shape of a baked potato, 40 ft. long and 18 ft. in diameter, surmounts the roof. The potato is electric lighted and its eyes, through the electric mechanism, are made to wink constantly. A cube of butter thrust into its split top glows intermittently." Premiums such as postcards, letter openers, and spoons were produced to promote "The Route of the Great Big Baked Potato". The slogan served the Northern Pacific for about 50 years.<ref name=potato/><ref>{{cite book|last=Porterfield|first=James D.|title=Dining By Rail: The History and Recipes of America's Golden Age of Railroad Cuisine|publisher=Publisher: St. Martin's Griffin|year=1998|pages=257|isbn=0-312-18711-4}}</ref> The song "Great Big Baked Potato" (words by N.R. Streeter and H. Caldwell, music by Oliver George) was written about this potato.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/cgi-bin/sheetmusic.pl?WTGreatB&WesternTrails&main|title=Great Big Baked Potato - music and lyrics|access-date=2007-12-19|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060914050230/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/cgi-bin/sheetmusic.pl?WTGreatB&WesternTrails&main|archive-date=2006-09-14}}</ref>

<gallery class="center" widths="220px" heights="160px">
File:Northern Pacific Railway Lillian Russell 1915.JPG|Hollywood star [[Lillian Russell]] shows off the Northern Pacific Railway's potatoes in this 1915 promotional postcard.
File:Northern Pacific Big Baked Potato comic postcard.JPG|A comic postcard from circa 1910 to 1920 promoting "The Great Big Baked Potato"
</gallery>

===United Kingdom===
A baked potato is sometimes called a ''jacket potato'' in the [[United Kingdom]]. The baked potato has been popular in the UK for many years. In the mid-19th century, jacket potatoes were sold on the streets by [[Hawker (trade)|hawker]]s during the autumn and winter months. In [[London]], it was estimated that some 10 tons of baked potatoes were sold each day by this method.<ref>
{{cite book
| last = Mayhew
| first = Henry
| author2 = Neuburg, Victor E.
| title = London labour and the London poor
| publisher = Penguin Classics (reprinted 1985)
| year = 1861
| pages = [https://archive.org/details/londonlabourlond00mayh/page/174 174]–176
| isbn = 0-14-043241-8
| url-access = registration
| url = https://archive.org/details/londonlabourlond00mayh/page/174
}}</ref> Common jacket potato fillings (or "toppings") in the United Kingdom include grated [[cheddar cheese]], [[baked beans]], [[Tuna salad|tuna mayonnaise]], [[chili con carne]], and [[chicken curry]].  

Baked potatoes are often eaten on [[Guy Fawkes Night]]. Traditionally they were often baked in the glowing embers of a [[bonfire]].<ref>
{{cite book|last = Mason|first = Laura|title = Food Culture in Great Britain|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2004|pages=187|isbn=0-313-32798-X
}}</ref>

===France===
A baked potato is called "pomme de terre au four" in French. It may be served as an accompaniment to a meat dish, or, in a fast-food restaurant called a "pataterie", be the centre of a meal.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}

===Turkey===
[[File:Kumpir - Turkish Cuisine.jpg|thumb|A Turkish ''[[kumpir]]'' with several toppings]]
''[[Kumpir]]'' (from Bulgarian компир, "potato"), a baked potato with various fillings, is a popular [[fast food]] in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.masalcafe.com/html/kumpir.cfm|title= Masal Cafe|access-date=2007-12-19|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071201233417/http://www.masalcafe.com/html/kumpir.cfm|archive-date = 2007-12-01|url-status = dead}}</ref> In its basic form, it is made with potatoes that are wrapped with foil and baked in special ovens. The potatoes are sliced down the middle and the insides are mixed with unsalted butter and [[Puree|puréed]] with [[Kaşar|kaşar cheese]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.turkishculture.org/pages.php?ParentID=11&ID=312|title=Turkish culture: cheese|access-date = 2007-12-19}}</ref> A variety of foods can be added to the potato such as [[mayonnaise]], [[ketchup]], pickles, [[sweetcorn]], [[sausage]] slices, carrots, mushrooms and [[Olivier salad#Southeast Europe|Russian salad]].

===Brazil===
The baked potato is reasonably popular in Brazil, where it is sometimes known as ''batata Inglesa'', lit. translated as 'English potato', likely due to the use of an English variety of potato: the 'King Edward'.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}

==References==
{{commons category|Baked potatoes}}
{{wikibooks|Cookbook:Baked Potatoes}}
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Potato dishes}}
{{cheese dishes}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Baked Potato}}
[[Category:British cuisine]]
[[Category:French cuisine]]
[[Category:Brazilian cuisine]]
[[Category:Turkish cuisine]]
[[Category:Armenian cuisine]]
[[Category:Russian cuisine]]
[[Category:Potato dishes]]
[[Category:Baked foods]]
[[Category:Street food in Turkey]]
[[Category:American vegetable dishes]]