View source for Balangiga

{{Short description|Municipality in Eastern Samar, Philippines}}
{{Infobox settlement
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| image_skyline          = Balangiga Church and Plaza 2023-11-18.jpg
| image_caption          = Balangiga Church
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| p1                     = {{PH barangay count | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }}  (see [[#Barangays|Barangays]])
| leader_title           = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name            = Atty. Dana Flynch R.
 de Lira
| leader_title1          = [[Vice Mayor]]
| leader_name1           = Danny Virgil B. Ablay
| leader_title2          = [[House of Representatives of the Philippines#Current composition|Representative]] <!--congressman or congresswoman --><!--congressman or congresswoman -->
| leader_name2           = Maria Fe R. Abunda
| leader_title3          = Councilors
| leader_name3           = {{Collapsible list
 | title = List<ref>[https://bis.dilg.gov.ph/bops/default/master?psgc=08 DILG Masterlist of Officials]</ref>
 | frame_style = border:none; padding: 0;
 | list_style = text-align:left;display:none;
 | 1 = • Nestor A. Alvarina
 | 2 = • Arnel E. Calisay
 | 3 = • Marciano B. Deladia, Jr 
 | 4 = • Victorio E. Inciso, Jr 
 | 5 = • Alfredo E. Solis
 | 6 = • Richel A. Gacho
 | 7 = • Michael N. Calicoy
 | 8 = • Philip G. Adula
 }}
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| website                = {{PH wikidata|website}}
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| demographics1_info7    =  
| demographics1_title8   = IRA rank
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| demographics1_info9    = {{PH wikidata|expenditure}} {{PH wikidata|expenditure_point_in_time}} 
| demographics1_title10  = [[Liability (financial accounting)|Liabilities]]
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| demographics2_title1   = Electricity
| demographics2_info1    = {{PH electricity distribution | {{wikidata|label|raw}} }}
| demographics2_title2   = Water
| demographics2_info2    =  
| demographics2_title3   = Telecommunications
| demographics2_info3    = 
| demographics2_title4   = Cable TV
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}}

'''Balangiga''' (IPA: [[Help:IPA/Tagalog|[ˌbalaŋˈhɪga]]]), officially the '''Municipality of Balangiga''' ({{langx|war|Bungto han Balangiga}}; {{langx|tl|Bayan ng Balangiga}}), is a [[municipality of the Philippines|municipality]] in the [[Provinces of the Philippines|province]] of [[Eastern Samar]], [[Philippines]]. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 14,341 people.{{PH wikidata|population_reference}}

Balangiga is the site of the [[Balangiga massacre|Balangiga Encounter]] in 1901, which remains one of the longest-running and most controversial issues of the [[Philippine–American War]].

==History==

===Balangiga Encounter and Bells===
{{Further|Balangiga massacre|Balangiga bells}}
During the Philippine-American War, on September 28, 1901, [[Eugenio Daza]], Area Commander of Southeastern Samar and Valeriano Abanador, the Balangiga's [[pulahan]] chief, launched an attack on U.S. Army Company C [[9th Infantry Regiment (United States)|9th Infantry Regiment]] who were occupying Balangiga. With [[Philippine Revolutionary Army]] forces and Balangiga villagers, killing 48 and wounding 22 of the 78 men of the unit, with only four escaping unhurt and four missing in action. The villagers captured about 100 rifles and 25,000 rounds of ammunition. An estimated 20 to 25 of them died in the fighting, with a similar number of wounded.<ref name="howling">{{cite web|last=Bautista |first=Veltisezar |title=The Balangiga, Samar, Massacre |url=http://www.filipinoamericans.net/balangiga_massacre.shtml |access-date=20 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226150445/http://www.filipinoamericans.net/balangiga_massacre.shtml |archive-date=26 February 2008 |url-status=usurped }}</ref>
[[File:Statue of Valeriano Abanador.JPG|thumb|Statue and Historical Market of Valeriano Abanador, Balangiga.]]

[[File:Balangiga Bells.jpg|thumb|U.S. soldiers of Company C, 9th Infantry Regiment pose with one of the Balangiga bells seized as war trophy. Photo taken in [[Calbayog, Samar]] in April 1902.]]
[[File:Madison Barracks bell.jpg|thumb|The signal bell displayed in the Madison Barracks at [[Sackets Harbor]], New York station of the 9th US Infantry Regiment at the turn of the 20th century. This bell was later moved to [[Camp Red Cloud]] in Korea.]]
[[File:FE Warren bells.jpg|thumb|Two bells exhibited at [[Fort D.A. Russell (Wyoming)|Fort D.A. Russel]] (now [[Francis E. Warren Air Force Base]]) {{circa}} 1910<ref>{{cite web | last= Dobson | first = G. B. | title = Fort D. A. Russell Photos | url=http://www.wyomingtalesandtrails.com/russellbells.html | access-date = 16 December 2018}}</ref>]]
In reprisal, General [[Jacob H. Smith]] ordered that Samar be turned into a "howling wilderness" and that they shoot any Filipino male above ten years of age<ref name="howling"/> who was capable of bearing arms. The American soldiers seized three church bells including [[Bangahon Church]] bell of old [[Gandara, Samar|Gandara]] and from the town church Balangiga and moved them home to the United States as war trophies. The 9th Infantry Regiment maintained that the single bell in their possession was presented to the regiment by villagers when the unit left Balangiga on 9 April 1902. The bell had been actually given to them by the 11th Infantry Regiment, which had taken all three bells when they left Balangiga for [[Tacloban]] on 18 October 1901.<ref name="robson">{{cite news|url=https://www.stripes.com/news/book-casts-doubt-on-bell-s-history-1.21657|title=Book casts doubt on bell's history|last=Robson|first=Seth|date=7 July 2004|work=[[Stars and Stripes (newspaper)|Stars and Stripes]]|access-date=21 March 2008|archive-date=7 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200907084802/https://www.stripes.com/news/book-casts-doubt-on-bell-s-history-1.21657|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Smith and his primary subordinate, Major [[Littleton Waller]] of the [[United States Marine Corps]], were both [[court-martial]]led for illegal vengeance against the civilian population of Samar. Waller was acquitted of the charges. Smith was found guilty, admonished and retired from service, but charges were dropped shortly after. He was later hailed as a war hero.<ref>{{cite web | title =Philippine Insurrection, 1899-1902: A Working Bibliography | url=http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/academic/history/marshall/military/mil_hist_inst/p/pi2.asc|website=Ibiblio.org | access-date = 20 March 2008}}</ref>

The bells were returned on December 11, 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46578615|title=US returns looted Balangiga church bells to Philippines|date=15 December 2018|work=BBC}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Balangiga Church at night.JPG|The Balangiga Church at night|thumb]]
Balangiga is located on the southern coast of the island of [[Samar]] facing [[Leyte Gulf]], and sits at the mouth of the Balangiga River. To the west lies the municipality of [[Lawaan, Eastern Samar|Lawaan]], to the north is [[Llorente, Eastern Samar|Llorente]], and to the east are the municipalities of [[Quinapondan, Eastern Samar|Quinapondan]] and [[Giporlos, Eastern Samar|Giporlos]].

===Barangays===
Balangiga is politically subdivided into 13 [[barangay]]s.{{PSGC detail|area}} Each barangay consists of [[purok]]s and some have [[sitios]].

* Bacjao
* Cag-olango
* Cansumangcay
* Guinmaayohan
* [[Poblacion]] I
* Poblacion II
* Poblacion III
* Poblacion IV
* Poblacion V
* Poblacion VI
* San Miguel
* Santa Rosa
* Maybunga

===Climate===
{{Weather box
| location     = Balangiga, Eastern Samar
| width        = auto
| metric first = Yes
| single line  = Yes
| Jan high C = 28
| Jan low C  = 22
| Feb high C = 28
| Feb low C  = 22
| Mar high C = 29
| Mar low C  = 22
| Apr high C = 30
| Apr low C  = 23
| May high C = 30
| May low C  = 24
| Jun high C = 30
| Jun low C  = 24
| Jul high C = 29
| Jul low C  = 24
| Aug high C = 30
| Aug low C  = 24
| Sep high C = 30
| Sep low C  = 24
| Oct high C = 29
| Oct low C  = 24
| Nov high C = 29
| Nov low C  = 23
| Dec high C = 28
| Dec low C  = 23
| Jan precipitation mm = 90
| Feb precipitation mm = 67
| Mar precipitation mm = 82
| Apr precipitation mm = 70
| May precipitation mm = 97
| Jun precipitation mm = 145
| Jul precipitation mm = 152
| Aug precipitation mm = 127
| Sep precipitation mm = 132
| Oct precipitation mm = 152
| Nov precipitation mm = 169
| Dec precipitation mm = 144
| Jan rain days        = 17.0
| Feb rain days        = 13.5
| Mar rain days        = 16.0
| Apr rain days        = 16.5
| May rain days        = 20.6
| Jun rain days        = 24.3
| Jul rain days        = 26.0
| Aug rain days        = 25.4
| Sep rain days        = 25.2
| Oct rain days        = 26.4
| Nov rain days        = 23.0
| Dec rain days        = 21.1
| source 1 = Meteoblue<ref name="met_norms">
{{cite web 
| url = https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/balangiga_philippines_1728500
| title =  Balangiga, Eastern Samar : Average Temperatures and Rainfall
| publisher = Meteoblue
| access-date = 30 December 2018}}</ref>
| date = 30 December 2018
}}

==Demographics==
{{Philippine Census
| align= none
| title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}}
| 1903 = {{PH census population|1903}}
| 1918 = {{PH census population|1918}}
| 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}}
| 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}}
| 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}}
| 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}}
| 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}}
| 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}}
| 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}}
| 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}}
| 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}}
| 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}}
| 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}}
| 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}}
| 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}}
| 2024 = {{PH census population|2024}}
| 2030 = 
| footnote= Source: [[Philippine Statistics Authority]]{{PH wikidata|population_reference}}{{PH census|2015}}{{PH census|2010}}{{PH census|2007}}{{LWUA population data}} 
}}

In the 2020 census, the population of Balangiga, Eastern Samar, was 14,341 people,{{PH wikidata|population_reference}} with a density of {{convert|{{sigfig|14,341/190.05|2}}|PD/km2|disp=or}}.

== Economy ==
{{PH poverty incidence}}

==Transportation==
Balangiga can be reached through public utility vans and buses from [[Tacloban]] City. Pedicabs (''potpot''), tricycles, and habal-habal by the means of inner town transportation.

==Education==
Balangiga has 9 public elementary schools, namely:

* Balangiga Central Elementary School
* Bacjao Elementary School
* Bangon Elementary School
* Cag-olango Elementary School
* Cansumangkay Elementary School
* Guinmaayohan Elementary School
* Maybunga Elementary School
* San Miguel Elementary School
* Santa Rosa Elementary School

Has 1 public secondary school:

* Southern Samar National Comprehensive High School

Has 1 private secondary school:

* MSH Sisters Academy Balangiga

Has 1 Public College:

* Eastern Samar State University - Balangiga Campus

==Daughter Towns==
The municipalities of [[Lawaan]], [[Giporlos]], and [[Quinapondan]] were former barangays of the municipality of Balangiga.

==See also==
* [[Balangiga bells]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [{{NSCB detail}} Philippine Standard Geographic Code]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081120024509/http://www.census.gov.ph/data/census2007/index.html Philippine Census Information]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055914/http://www.blgs.gov.ph/lgpmsv2/cmshome/index.php?pageID=23&frmIdDcfCode=7&fLguType=CM&frmIdRegion=11&frmIdProvince=61&frmIdLgu=1143 Local Governance Performance Management System]

{{Geographic location
| Centre = Balangiga
| North  = [[Llorente, Eastern Samar|Llorente]]
| East   = [[Quinapondan, Eastern Samar|Quinapondan]]<br>[[Giporlos, Eastern Samar|Giporlos]]
| South  = ''[[Leyte Gulf]]''
| West   = [[Lawaan, Eastern Samar|Lawaan]]
}}
{{Eastern Samar}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Municipalities of Eastern Samar]]