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{{use mdy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{use American English|date=January 2023}}

{{Infobox film
| name = Bamboozled
| image = Bamboozled-2000-posterimg.jpg
| alt = 
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Spike Lee]]
| producer = [[Jon Kilik]]<br />Spike Lee
| writer = Spike Lee
| starring       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Damon Wayans]]
* [[Savion Glover]]
* [[Jada Pinkett Smith]]
* [[Tommy Davidson]]
* [[Michael Rapaport]]
}}
| music = [[Terence Blanchard]]
| cinematography = [[Ellen Kuras]]
| editing = [[Sam Pollard (filmmaker)|Sam Pollard]]
| studio = [[40 Acres and a Mule Filmworks]]
| distributor = [[New Line Cinema]]
| released = {{Film date|2000|10|6|United States}}
| runtime = 135 minutes
| country = United States
| language = English
| budget = $10 million
| gross = $2.5 million<ref name="Box Office Mojo">{{cite web |url=https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=bamboozled.htm |title=Bamboozled (2000) |publisher=Box Office Mojo |date=2002-08-28 |access-date=2012-10-02 |archive-date=February 10, 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030210210642/https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=bamboozled.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

'''''Bamboozled''''' is a 2000 American [[satire (film and television)|satirical]] [[black comedy]]-[[drama film]] written and directed by [[Spike Lee]] about a modern televised [[minstrel show]] featuring black actors donning [[blackface]] makeup and the resulting violent fallout from the show's success. It features an [[ensemble cast]] including [[Damon Wayans]], [[Jada Pinkett Smith]], [[Savion Glover]], [[Tommy Davidson]], and [[Michael Rapaport]].

The film was given a [[limited release]] by [[New Line Cinema]] during the fall of 2000 and was released on [[DVD]] the following year.<ref name="DVDBeaver" /> Critical reception was mixed,<ref name="RottenTomatoes" /><ref name="Metacritic" /> and the film was unsuccessful financially, becoming a [[box office bomb]].<ref name="Box Office Mojo" /> Despite its initial reception, ''Bamboozled'' later achieved [[cult film]] status for its satirical look at stereotypical depictions of [[black people]] in both historical and contemporary American film and television productions,<ref name="RollingStone" /><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Collins |first=K. Austin |date=2020-03-23 |title=Spike Lee's Bamboozled Is Still Sharp, Stinging, and Utterly Vital |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2020/03/spike-lee-bamboozled-criterion |access-date=2022-11-29 |magazine=Vanity Fair |language=en-US |archive-date=October 7, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007213708/https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2020/03/spike-lee-bamboozled-criterion |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Barone |first=Matt |date=2015-11-12 |title=Revisiting Spike Lee's BAMBOOZLED and Its Endlessly Relevant Themes |url=https://tribecafilm.com/news/bamboozled-spike-lee-movie-ashley-clark-facing-blackness-book-interview |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=Tribeca |archive-date=November 27, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127163434/https://tribecafilm.com/news/bamboozled-spike-lee-movie-ashley-clark-facing-blackness-book-interview |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Daniels |first=Robert |date=April 20, 2020 |title='Bamboozled' Is Spike Lee's Regrettably Timeless Masterpiece |url=https://theplaylist.net/bamboozled-spike-lee-masterpiece-20200420/ |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=theplaylist.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Ashley |date=2015-10-06 |title=Bamboozled: Spike Lee's masterpiece on race in America is as relevant as ever |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/oct/06/bamboozled-spike-lee-masterpiece-race-in-america |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=the Guardian |language=en |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912064007/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/oct/06/bamboozled-spike-lee-masterpiece-race-in-america |url-status=live }}</ref> and, in 2023, was selected for preservation in the United States [[National Film Registry]] by the [[Library of Congress]] as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tartaglione |first=Nancy |date=2023-12-13 |title=National Film Registry: 'Apollo 13', 'Home Alone', 'Terminator 2', '12 Years A Slave' Among 25 Titles Added This Year |url=https://deadline.com/2023/12/national-film-registry-2023-list-apollo-13-home-alone-terminator-2-12-years-a-slave-1235665956/ |access-date=2023-12-13 |website=Deadline |language=en-US |archive-date=December 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231223095312/https://deadline.com/2023/12/national-film-registry-2023-list-apollo-13-home-alone-terminator-2-12-years-a-slave-1235665956/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Plot ==

Pierre Delacroix (real name Peerless Dothan) is an uptight, [[Harvard University|Harvard]]-educated African-American man in the employment of television network CNS. At work, he endures torment from his boss Thomas Dunwitty, a tactless, boorish white man. Not only does Dunwitty use [[African-American Vernacular English]] (AAVE) and the word "[[nigger]]" repeatedly in conversations, he also proudly proclaims that since he is married to a black woman and has two mixed-race children with her, he is more black than Delacroix and thus can say "nigger". Dunwitty frequently rejects Delacroix's scripts for series that portray black people in positive, intelligent scenarios, dismissing them as "[[The Cosby Show|Cosby clones]]."

In an effort to escape his contract through being fired, Delacroix develops a [[minstrel show]] with the help of his personal assistant Sloan Hopkins. ''Mantan: The New Millennium Minstrel Show'' features black actors in [[blackface]], extremely racist jokes and puns, and offensively stereotyped animated cartoons. Delacroix and Hopkins recruit two impoverished homeless street performers, Manray and Womack, to star in the show. While Womack is horrified when Delacroix tells him details about the show, Manray sees it as his big chance to become rich and famous for his tap-dancing skills.

To Delacroix's horror, not only does Dunwitty enthusiastically endorse the show, it also becomes hugely successful. As soon as it premieres, Manray and Womack become big stars, while Delacroix, contrary to his original stated intent, defends the show as [[satire (film and television)|satire]]. Delacroix quickly embraces the fame and recognition he receives while Hopkins becomes ashamed of her association with it. Meanwhile, an underground, militant [[rap music|rap]] group called the [[Mau Mau Uprising|Mau Maus]], led by Hopkins's older brother Julius, becomes increasingly angry at the show's content. Though they had earlier unsuccessfully auditioned for the program's live band position, the group plans to end the show using violence.

Womack quits, fed up with the show and Manray's increasing ego. Manray and Hopkins grow closer, despite Delacroix's attempts to sabotage their relationship. Delacroix confronts Hopkins, and when she lashes back at him, he fires her. She then shows him a videotaped [[montage (filmmaking)|montage]] she created of racist footage culled from assorted media to shame Delacroix into stopping production of the show, but he refuses to watch it. After an argument with Delacroix, Manray realizes he is being exploited and defiantly announces that he will no longer wear blackface. He appears in front of the studio audience, who are all in blackface, and does his dance number in his regular clothing. The network executives immediately turn against Manray, and Dunwitty fires him.

The Mau Maus kidnap Manray and announce his public execution via live [[webcast]]. The authorities work feverishly to track down the source of the internet feed, but Manray is nevertheless assassinated while doing his famous tap dancing. At his office, Delacroix (now in blackface himself, mourning Manray's death) fantasizes that the various black-themed antique collectibles in his office are staring him down and coming to life; in a rage, he destroys many of the items. The police kill all the members of the Mau Maus except for One-Sixteenth Blak, a white member who demands to die with the others.

Furious, Hopkins confronts Delacroix at gunpoint and demands that he play her tape. As he does so, Hopkins reminds him of the lives that were ruined because of his actions. During a struggle over the gun, Delacroix is shot in the stomach. Hopkins flees while proclaiming that it was Delacroix's own fault that he got shot. Delacroix, holding the gun in his hands to make his wound appear self-inflicted, watches the tape as he lies dying on the floor. The film concludes with a full reveal of the tape's contents; a long montage of racially insensitive and demeaning clips of African-American characters from [[Hollywood (film industry)|Hollywood]] films of the first half of the 20th century.{{refn|group=note|Some of the films used in the sequence are ''[[The Birth of a Nation]]'', ''[[The Jazz Singer]]'', ''[[Gone with the Wind (film)|Gone with the Wind]]'', ''[[Babes in Arms (film)|Babes in Arms]]'', ''[[Holiday Inn (film)|Holiday Inn]]'', ''[[Judge Priest]], ''[[Ub Iwerks]]' cartoon ''[[Little Black Sambo]]'', [[Walter Lantz]]'s cartoon ''[[Scrub Me Mama with a Boogie Beat]]'', the ''[[Screen Songs]]'' short ''Jingle Jangle Jungle'', the [[Bugs Bunny]] [[Merrie Melodies]] short ''[[All This and Rabbit Stew]]'', and, from the [[Hal Roach]] comedy ''School's Out'', ''[[Our Gang]]'' kids [[Allen "Farina" Hoskins]] and [[Matthew "Stymie" Beard]].}} Delacroix reflects on the words of [[James Baldwin]] that ''"People pay for what they do, and still more for what they have allowed themselves to become, and they pay for it, very simply, by the lives they lead."'' and then reflects on his father telling him to “always keep ‘em laughing”. Afterwards, Manray is shown doing his last ''Mantan'' sequence on stage as an unseen audience laughs hysterically.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Damon Wayans]] as Pierre "Peerless Dothan" Delacroix
* [[Savion Glover]] as Manray "Mantan"
* [[Jada Pinkett Smith]] as Sloan Hopkins
* [[Tommy Davidson]] as Womack "Sleep 'n Eat"
* [[Michael Rapaport]] as Thomas Dunwitty
* [[Mos Def]] as Julius "Big Blak Afrika" Hopkins
* [[Thomas Jefferson Byrd]] as Honeycutt
* [[Paul Mooney (comedian)|Paul Mooney]] as Junebug
* [[Craig Grant]] as Hard Blak
* Gano Grills as Double Blak
* [[Canibus]] as Mo Blak
* [[Charli Baltimore]] as Smooth Blak
* [[MC Serch]] as One-Sixteenth Blak
* [[Kim Director]] as Starlet
* [[Danny Hoch]] as	Timmi Hillnigger
* [[The Roots]] as The Alabama Porch Monkeys
* Reverend [[Al Sharpton]] as Himself
}}

== Production ==
Most of the film was shot on [[Mini DV]] [[digital video]], using the [[Sony]] VX 1000 camera, and later converted to film format.<ref name="LeeCommentary" /> This kept the budget limited to $10 million and allowed the use of multiple cameras to simultaneously capture masters, two-shots and close-ups to save time.<ref name="LeeCommentary" /> The ''Mantan: New Millenium Minstrel Show'' sequences, and their sponsor ads, were shot on [[16 mm film|Super 16]] film stock.<ref name="LeeCommentary">[[Spike Lee|Lee, Spike]] (2001). Audio commentary for ''Bamboozled''. New Line Home Entertainment.</ref>

In a 2015 interview, Spike Lee credited ''[[A Face in the Crowd (film)|A Face in the Crowd]]'' with inspiring him to make ''Bamboozled''.<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Jxa83KgAy4 |date=2015-10-30 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211213/_Jxa83KgAy4 |archive-date=2021-12-13 |url-status=live |title=Spike Lee on the legacy of Bamboozled |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=May 30, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
'''''Bamboozled''''' is the [[soundtrack album]] to [[Spike Lee]]'s 2000 film ''Bamboozled''. [[Motown Records]] released the album on September 26, 2000. It peaked at number 60 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]] chart. Six tracks on the album were performed by future [[Grammy]] award winner [[India.Arie]] in what were her first official appearances on an album.

{{Infobox album
| name         = Bamboozled
| type         = soundtrack
| artist       = Various artists
| cover        = 
| alt          = 
| released     = September 26, 2000
| recorded     = 2000
| studio       = 
| genre        = {{hlist|[[Hip hop music|Hip hop]]|[[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]}}
| length       = 
| label        = [[Motown Records|Motown]]
| producer     = {{hlist|[[Kedar Massenburg]] <small>([[Executive producer|exec.]])</small>|[[L. Londell McMillan]] <small>(exec.)</small>|[[Spike Lee]] <small>(exec.)</small>|[[J Dilla|Jay Dee]]}}
| prev_title   = 
| prev_year    = 
| next_title   = 
| next_year    = 
| misc         = 
}}
{{Music ratings
| rev1 = [[AllMusic]]
| rev1score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/bamboozled-mw0000098697|title=Bamboozled – Original Soundtrack {{!}} Songs, Reviews, Credits|last=Phares|first=Heather|date=|website=[[AllMusic]]|language=en-us|access-date=March 3, 2020|archive-date=March 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303144617/https://www.allmusic.com/album/bamboozled-mw0000098697|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

=== Track listing ===
#"Blak Iz Blak" – 4:42 (Mau Maus: [[Mos Def]], [[Canibus]], [[MC Serch]], [[Charli Baltimore]], [[muMs da Schemer|Mums]], Gano Grills and [[DJ Scratch]])
#"Misrepresented People" – 4:37 ([[Stevie Wonder]])
#"Hollywood" – 5:32 ([[Erykah Badu]])
#"Just a Song" – 4:45 ([[Goodie Mob]])
#"Slippery Shoes" – 3:40 ([[Angie Stone]])
#"In My Head" – 4:40 ([[India Arie|India.Arie]])
#"Dream with No Love" – 5:02 ([[Gerald Levert]])
#"The Light" (Remix) – 4:01 ([[Common (rapper)|Common]] and Erykah Badu)
#"Some Years Ago" – 5:01 (Stevie Wonder)
#"Charli" – 4:10 (Charli Baltimore)
#"Burned Hollywood Burned" – 4:15 ([[Chuck D]], [[The Roots]] and [[Zack de la Rocha]])
#"One Night" – 4:24 ([[Profyle]])
#"Ploylessness" – 1:57 (Mums)
#"Shadowlands" – 5:10 ([[Bruce Hornsby]])
#"2045 Radical Man" – 6:36 ([[Prince (musician)|Prince]])
#"God in You" – 1:21 (India.Arie)
#"Back in the Middle" – 1:18 (India.Arie)
#"Strength Courage and Wisdom" – 1:35 (India.Arie)
#"Can I Walk with You" – 1:05 (India.Arie)
#"Promises" – 1:37 (India.Arie)

== Reception ==
=== Critical response ===
On [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film has an approval rating of 54% based on reviews from 108 critics. The site's consensus is: "Bamboozled is too heavy-handed in its satire and comes across as more messy and overwrought than biting."<ref name="RottenTomatoes">{{rotten-tomatoes|bamboozled|Bamboozled}}</ref> On [[Metacritic]] it has a score of 54% based on reviews from 39 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews."<ref name="Metacritic">{{cite web |title=Bamboozled |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/bamboozled |website=[[Metacritic]] |access-date=2020-05-04 |archive-date=July 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200713101157/https://www.metacritic.com/movie/bamboozled |url-status=live }}</ref>

Among those who gave positive reviews to the film were [[CNN]] correspondent Dennis Michael, who compared the film favorably to [[Mel Brooks]]' ''[[The Producers (1967 film)|The Producers]]'' and praised Glover's performance in the lead role,<ref>{{cite news |last=Michael |first=Dennis |date=October 4, 2000 |title='Bamboozled' offers unblinking look at race, perceptions |work=CNN |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2000/SHOWBIZ/Movies/10/04/bamboozled/index.html |url-status=dead |access-date=2012-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922205228/http://edition.cnn.com/2000/SHOWBIZ/Movies/10/04/bamboozled/index.html |archive-date=September 22, 2013}}</ref> [[Kenneth Turan]] of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', who described the film as "savage, abrasive, audacious and confrontational" and "the work of a master provocateur",<ref>{{cite news |author=Turan |first=Kenneth |author-link=Kenneth Turan |date=2000-10-06 |title=Satire, Rage Add Up to Audacious 'Bamboozled' |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-oct-06-ca-31994-story.html |access-date=2012-10-02 |archive-date=June 17, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240617131508/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-oct-06-ca-31994-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Stephen Holden]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'', who described the film as "an almost oxymoronic entity, an important Hollywood movie."<ref>{{cite news |last=Holden |first=Stephen |author-link=Stephen Holden |date=2000-10-06 |title=FILM REVIEW; Trying On Blackface in a Flirtation With Fire |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9C01E2D9163CF935A35753C1A9669C8B63 |access-date=2012-10-02 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912064008/https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/06/movies/film-review-trying-on-blackface-in-a-flirtation-with-fire.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It was not reviewed as favorably by the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]''' [[Roger Ebert]], who gave the film 2 stars out of a possible 4, writing that the film was "perplexing," raising important issues but handling them poorly. "The film is a satirical attack on the way TV uses and misuses African-American images, but many viewers will leave the theater thinking Lee has misused them himself."<ref>{{cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |date=October 6, 2000 |title=Bamboozled Movie Review & Film Summary (2000) |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/bamboozled-2000 |website=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |access-date=April 15, 2020 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912064130/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/bamboozled-2000 |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite being critical of some of Lee's earlier work, [[Stanley Crouch]] praised Bamboozled.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seymour |first=Gene |date=April 28, 2005 |title=Crouching Tiger |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/crouching-tiger/ |access-date=2025-06-30 |website=[[The Nation]] }}</ref>

By the time of its twentieth anniversary, ''Bamboozled'' had been reappraised as an underappreciated work of Lee's.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Ashley |date=March 17, 2020 |title=Bamboozled: New Millennium, Same Bullshit |url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6862-bamboozled-new-millennium-same-bullshit |access-date=2020-04-10 |website=The Criterion Collection |archive-date=May 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527072234/https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6862-bamboozled-new-millennium-same-bullshit |url-status=live }}</ref> Writing for ''[[Rolling Stone]]'', David Fear noted that "the really scary thing is that, 20 years on, ''Bamboozled'' feels incredibly contemporary. It doesn't look so extreme after all...and when you consider the content of this film, that's a very troubling thing.”<ref name="RollingStone">{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-features/bamboozled-spike-lee-criterion-972833/ |title='Bamboozled' is the Forgotten Gem in Spike Lee's Career |last=Fear |first=David |date=2020-03-28 |magazine=Rolling Stone |access-date=2020-04-10 |archive-date=March 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328233759/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-features/bamboozled-spike-lee-criterion-972833/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Box office ===
The film grossed $2,463,650 at the box office on a $10 million budget.<ref name="Box Office Mojo" /><ref>{{cite news |author=Moss |first=Robert F. |date=2000-10-20 |title=Was Al Jolson 'Bamboozled'? |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-oct-20-ca-39153-story.html |access-date=2012-10-02 |archive-date=September 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240912064129/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-oct-20-ca-39153-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Home media ==
''Bamboozled'' was released on VHS and DVD by New Line Home Entertainment on April 17, 2001. The DVD edition includes a director's commentary from Spike Lee in addition to behind-the-scenes featurettes and deleted scenes.<ref name="DVDBeaver">{{Cite web |url=http://www.dvdbeaver.com/film8/blu-ray_review_112/bamboozled_blu-ray.htm |title=Bamboozled Blu-ray – Damon Wayans |website=www.dvdbeaver.com |access-date=2020-04-10 |archive-date=June 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606171228/http://www.dvdbeaver.com/film8/blu-ray_review_112/bamboozled_blu-ray.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

''Bamboozled'' was added to [[The Criterion Collection]] in 2020, with a reissue on DVD and debut on [[Blu-ray]] occurring on March 17 of that year.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.criterion.com/films/29007-bamboozled |title=Bamboozled |website=The Criterion Collection |access-date=2020-04-10 |archive-date=April 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410232653/https://www.criterion.com/films/29007-bamboozled |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Network (1976 film)|''Network'']], satirical drama-comedy about a controversial television show with a similar structure, referenced by "Mantan" in pilot
* [[Mantan Moreland]], Black actor, comedian, and vaudevillian whose work is referenced and shown throughout the film.

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Wiktionary|bamboozle}}
* {{Discogs master|815784|Bamboozled – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack}}
* {{IMDb title|0215545}}
* [https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6862-bamboozled-new-millennium-same-bullshit ''Bamboozled: New Millennium, Same Bullshit''] an essay by Ashley Clark at the [[Criterion Collection]]

{{Authority control}}

{{Spike Lee}}
{{National Board of Review Freedom of Expression Award}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bamboozled}}
[[Category:2000s American films]]
[[Category:2000 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2000s English-language films]]
[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:2000s hip-hop films]]
[[Category:2000 independent films]]
[[Category:40 Acres and a Mule Filmworks films]]
[[Category:African-American films]]
[[Category:American black comedy films]]
[[Category:American comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:American independent films]]
[[Category:American satirical films]]
[[Category:Blackface minstrel shows and films]]
[[Category:Camcorder films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Spike Lee]]
[[Category:Films produced by Spike Lee]]
[[Category:Films about racism in the United States]]
[[Category:Films about race and ethnicity]]
[[Category:Films about television]]
[[Category:Films scored by Terence Blanchard]]
[[Category:Films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Films shot in New York City]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by Spike Lee]]
[[Category:Films produced by Jon Kilik]]
[[Category:United States National Film Registry films]]
[[Category:English-language comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:English-language independent films]]
[[Category:English-language musical films]]
[[Category:2000 musical films]]
[[Category:New Line Cinema films]]