View source for Baron Hawke

{{short description|Barony in the Peerage of Great Britain}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2017}}

[[File:Baron Hawke coa.png|thumb|right|250px|The coat of arms of the Barons Hawke, as used in the family memorial of 1781.]]
'''Baron Hawke''', "of [[Towton, North Yorkshire|Towton]]" in the County of York, is a title in the [[Peerage of Great Britain]]. It was created on 20 May 1776 for Admiral [[Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke|Sir Edward Hawke]] (of Scarthingwell Hall in the parish of Towton), responsible for a blockade of all French merchant shipping and the grounding of six French ships, and scattering of the rest, at the [[Battle of Quiberon Bay]]. The battle followed an earlier British victory at the [[Battle of Lagos]] off the coast of Portugal by a fleet under another admiral's command.

The year, 1759, was dubbed for Britain its [[Annus Mirabilis of 1759|Annus Mirabilis]], or 'miracle year', as France could not follow up on clear victory in the [[Battle of Sainte-Foy]] just before the [[Siege of Quebec (1760)|Siege of Quebec]] for want of reinforcements and supplies from France, and its crippled trade triggered a [[credit crunch]]. Hawke's naval conduct then and later as Lord Admiral proved to establish British naval supremacy and in the immediate term determined the fate of [[New France]] and hence [[Canada]].<ref name="DS">{{cite book |editor=Syrett|title=The Royal Navy in European Waters During the American Revolutionary War|page=59}}</ref>

His son, the second Baron, represented [[Saltash (UK Parliament constituency)|Saltash]] in the [[British House of Commons|House of Commons]] for the six years until his father died. His son, the third Baron, assumed the additional surname of Harvey. The fifth Baron succeeded his elder brother in 1869 and in the next year was succeeded by his first cousin, the sixth Baron. He was the son of {{abbr|Hon.|The Honorable}} Martin Bladen Edward Hawke (Jnr). His son, the seventh Baron,{{ sfn | Hesilrige | 1921 | page=461}} an exceptional cricketer, became the England cricket team captain. On his death the title passed to his younger brother, the eighth Baron. His elder son, the ninth Baron, was one of six to eight [[Lord-in-waiting|co-serving Lords whips]] in the [[third Churchill ministry]] and two following [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]] ministries until 1964. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the tenth Baron, whose son then became the 11th Baron on his death. {{As of|2017}}, the title is held by the 12th Baron, who succeeded his father in 2009.

The family seat is The Old Mill House, near [[Cuddington, Eddisbury|Cuddington]], [[Cheshire]].

==Barons Hawke (1776)==
*[[Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke]] (1705–1781)
*[[Martin Hawke, 2nd Baron Hawke|Martin Bladen Hawke, 2nd Baron Hawke]] (1744–1805)
*[[Edward Hawke-Harvey, 3rd Baron Hawke]] (1774–1824)
*[[Edward William Hawke-Harvey, 4th Baron Hawke]] (1799–1869)
*[[Stanhope Hawke-Harvey, 5th Baron Hawke]] (1804–1870)
*[[Edward Henry Julius Hawke, 6th Baron Hawke]] (1815–1887)
*[[Martin Hawke, 7th Baron Hawke|Martin Bladen Hawke, 7th Baron Hawke]] (1860–1938)
*[[Edward Julian Hawke, 8th Baron Hawke]] (1873–1939)
*[[Bladen Hawke, 9th Baron Hawke|Bladen Wilmer Hawke, 9th Baron Hawke]] (1901–1985)
*[[Julian Stanhope Theodore Hawke, 10th Baron Hawke]] (1904–1992)
*[[Edward Hawke, 11th Baron Hawke|Edward George Hawke, 11th Baron Hawke]] (1950–2009)
*William Martin Theodore Hawke, 12th Baron Hawke (born 1995)

There is currently no heir to the barony.

===Title succession chart===
{{chart top|width=100%|Title succession chart, Barons Hawke.}}
{{tree chart/start|align=center}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |EH1B|EH1B='''[[Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke|Edward Hawke<br>1st Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1705–1781}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |MH2B|MH2B='''[[Martin Hawke, 2nd Baron Hawke|Martin Hawke<br>2nd Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1744–1805}}
{{tree chart| | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|.| }}
{{tree chart| | | | |EHH3B| | | | | |HMH|EHH3B='''[[Edward Hawke-Harvey, 3rd Baron Hawke|Edward Hawke-Harvey<br>3rd Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1774–1824|HMH=Hon.<br>Martin Hawke<br>1777–1839}}
{{tree chart| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | |!| }}
{{tree chart|EHH4B| |SHH5B| |HMHH| |EH6B|EHH4B='''[[Edward Hawke-Harvey, 4th Baron Hawke|{{nowrap|Edward Hawke-Harvey}}<br>4th Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1799–1869|SHH5B='''[[Stanhope Hawke-Harvey, 5th Baron Hawke|{{nowrap|Stanhope Hawke-Harvey}}<br>5th Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1804–1870|HMHH=Hon.<br>{{nowrap|Martin Hawke-Harvey}}<br>1806–1857|EH6B='''[[Edward Hawke, 6th Baron Hawke|Edward Hawke<br>{{nowrap|6th Baron Hawke}}]]'''<br>1815–1887}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| }}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |HEH| |MH7B| |AHSH| |HBH| |HHH| |EH8B|HEH=Hon.<br>Edward Hawke<br>1859–1871|MH7B='''[[Martin Hawke, 7th Baron Hawke|Martin Hawke<br>7th Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1860–1938|AHSH=Adm. Hon.<br>{{nowrap|Stanhope Hawke}}<br>1863–1936|HBH=Hon.<br>{{nowrap|Bladen Hawke}}<br>1865–1875|HHH=Hon.<br>Harold Hawke<br>1867–1913|EH8B='''[[Edward Hawke, 8th Baron Hawke|Edward Hawke<br>8th Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1873–1939}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|(| }}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |BH9H| |JH10B|BH9H='''[[Bladen Hawke, 9th Baron Hawke|Bladen Hawke<br>{{nowrap|9th Baron Hawke}}]]'''<br>1901–1985|JH10B='''[[Julian Hawke, 10th Baron Hawke|Julian Hawke<br>{{nowrap|10th Baron Hawke}}]]'''<br>1904–1992}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |EH11B|EH11B='''[[Edward Hawke, 11th Baron Hawke|Edward Hawke<br>11th Baron Hawke]]'''<br>1950–2009}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |WH12B|WH12B='''William Hawke<br>12th Baron Hawke'''<br>born 1995}}
{{tree chart/end}}
{{chart bottom}}

==Coat of arms==
[[File:Monument to Admiral Lord Hawke - St Nicolas church, North Stoneham (detail 1) (geograph 2691576).jpg|thumb|Monument to Admiral Lord Hawke, St Nicolas church, North Stoneham, showing the arms of Hawke (''Argent, a chevron erminois between three [[boatswain]]'s whistles purple''), with [[inescutcheon]] of pretence of Brooke, for his heiress wife]]
*''Arms'', as quartered by the descendants of Admiral Lord Hawke: Quarterly 1st and 4th [[argent]], a [[Chevron (insignia)|chevron]] [[erminois]] between three [[boatswain]]'s whistles purple (Hawke), 2nd and 3rd grand-quarter quarterly, 1st and 4th [[or (heraldry)|or]], a cross engrailed gules (Brooke), 2nd and 3rd argent, a chevron engrailed [[sable (heraldry)|sable]], three [[mullet (heraldry)|mullet]]s sable (a Brooke heiress).
*''Crest'': A hawk rising ermine, beaked, belled and charged on the breast with a [[fleur-de-lis]] or.
*''Supporters'': [[Dexter and sinister|Dexter]], [[Neptune (god)|Neptune]], his mantle of a sea-green colour, edged argent, crowned with an eastern [[coronet]] or, his dexter arm erect, darting downwards, his [[trident]] sable, headed silver, resting his sinister foot on a [[dolphin]] proper; [[Dexter and sinister|sinister]], a [[seahorse]] or, sustaining in his forefins a banner argent, the staff broken proper.
*''Motto'': Strike.

==References==
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
*Middleton, Richard (1985), The Bells of Victory: The Pitt-Newcastle Ministry and the Conduct of the Seven Years' War, 1757–1762, Cambridge University Press.
*Mackay, R. F. Admiral Hawke (Oxford 1965).
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130725131036/http://bladens.co.uk/id31.html Montague Burrows: The Life of Edward Hawke, Lord Hawke, Admiral of the Fleet: with some accounts of the origin of the English Wars in the reign of George II. Published (1883).]

===Work cited===
*{{cite book | last=Hesilrige | first=Arthur G. M. | date=1921 | title=Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy | url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeeraget00unse/page/461 | location=160A, [[Fleet street]], [[London]], UK | publisher=[[Dean & Son]] | page=461 }}
*{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=99tHEAAAQBAJ|title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage 2019|first=Susan|last=Morris|date=April 20, 2020|publisher=[[Debrett's]]; eBook Partnership|isbn=9781999767051|quote=[[John Debrett]]|page=}} {{Page needed |date=February 2013}}
*{{Rayment|date=February 2012}}

{{Extant baronies in the Peerage of Great Britain}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hawke}}
[[Category:Baronies in the Peerage of Great Britain|Hawke]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1776]]
[[Category:Barons Hawke| ]]